TWI461206B - Method for producing ferment of glycine max (l.), ferment and uses thereof - Google Patents
Method for producing ferment of glycine max (l.), ferment and uses thereof Download PDFInfo
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- TWI461206B TWI461206B TW101100367A TW101100367A TWI461206B TW I461206 B TWI461206 B TW I461206B TW 101100367 A TW101100367 A TW 101100367A TW 101100367 A TW101100367 A TW 101100367A TW I461206 B TWI461206 B TW I461206B
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Description
本發明係關於一種營養補充品。詳言之,本發明係關於黑豆(Glycine max (L.))之雞腿菇(Coprinus sp.)發酵物以作為營養補充品及其應用。The present invention relates to a nutritional supplement. In detail, the present invention is based on Coprinus beans (Glycine max (L.)) of (Coprinus sp.) Was fermented as nutritional supplements and its application.
現今工商社會競爭劇烈,各種壓力使人情緒緊繃,身體亦處於疲勞甚至過勞狀態,且使精神不集中、暴躁及新陳代謝下降,如無法得到適當紓解,則易使身心受到創傷;此外,為提高生活品質,增進競爭力,各式營養補充品已成為人們生活中不可或缺之補給物。Nowadays, the competition in the industrial and commercial circles is fierce. All kinds of pressures make people's emotions tense. The body is also in a state of fatigue and even overwork. It causes mental inconsistency, irritability and metabolism to decline. If it is not properly relieved, it is easy to cause physical and mental trauma. In addition, In order to improve the quality of life and enhance competitiveness, various nutritional supplements have become an indispensable supplement in people's lives.
一般之提神飲料效果大多來自咖啡因和化學合成之維他命,雖可讓人快速提神,但效果消褪也快,且消褪之後飲用者之精神狀況會比飲用前更差,並非一合宜之營養補充品。Most of the refreshing beverages come from caffeine and chemically synthesized vitamins. Although it can refresh people quickly, the effect fades quickly. After the fade, the mental condition of the drinker is worse than before drinking. It is not a proper nutrition. Supplements.
雞精現今已證實可助於尿素氮及血中乳酸之排除。由於尿素氮是人體內蛋白質代謝後之產物,當血液中尿素氮含量升高,則容易引起疲勞和倦怠;另一方面,乳酸是造成運動後肌肉痠痛之重要原因,若可加速血液中乳酸的代謝,即可減少運動後肌肉痠痛並加速體力的恢復。雞精之生產大多直接以高溫高壓連續萃取得雞隻之濃縮液,其主要保健相關成份為包含白胺酸、異白胺酸、纈胺酸之總支鏈胺基酸,為蛋白質之重要組成份。因雞精含有豐富之胺基酸,可使飲用者維持長時間較佳之精神狀態,即使效果褪去,飲用者之精神和體力亦不會立刻大幅下降,故亦常做為病人術後復健之最佳補品。Chicken essence has now been shown to aid in the elimination of urea nitrogen and lactic acid in the blood. Because urea nitrogen is a product of protein metabolism in the human body, when the blood urea nitrogen content is increased, it is easy to cause fatigue and burnout; on the other hand, lactic acid is an important cause of muscle soreness after exercise, if it can accelerate the lactic acid in the blood. Metabolism can reduce muscle soreness after exercise and accelerate physical recovery. Most of the production of chicken essence is directly extracted from the concentrate of chicken by high temperature and high pressure. The main health care related ingredients are the total branched amino acids containing leucine, isoleucine and valine, which are important components of protein. . Because chicken essence is rich in amino acid, it can keep the drinker's mental state for a long time. Even if the effect fades, the spirit and physical strength of the drinker will not drop sharply immediately, so it is often used as the most postoperative rehabilitation for patients. Good tonic.
然而,素食者無法享受到雞精所帶來的好處,因此,有必要開發出含有近似雞精營養成分,並能供素食者飲用之營養補充品。However, vegetarians are not able to enjoy the benefits of chicken essence, so it is necessary to develop nutritional supplements that contain nutrients similar to chicken essence and can be used by vegetarians.
本發明提供一素食者可食用且效果及營養成分近似雞精之營養補充品,以使素食者亦可得到良好之健康照護。The invention provides a nutritional supplement which is edible and has the effect and nutrient composition similar to chicken essence, so that the vegetarian can also get good health care.
該營養補充品同時具有抑制一氧化氮生成之效果,並可預防及/或治療發炎。The nutritional supplement also has the effect of inhibiting the production of nitric oxide and can prevent and/or treat inflammation.
本發明係提供一種黑豆之雞腿菇(Coprinus sp.)發酵物之製造方法,其包含將黑豆之經滅菌培養基經雞腿菇進行發酵。The present invention provides a method for producing a fermented product of Coprinus sp., which comprises fermenting a sterilized medium of black beans with Coprinus comatus.
本發明亦提供一種黑豆之雞腿菇發酵物,其係由前述之方法所製得。The present invention also provides a fermented product of Coprinus comatus, which is obtained by the aforementioned method.
本發明再提供一種營養補充品,其包含前述之黑豆之雞腿菇發酵物。The present invention further provides a nutritional supplement comprising the aforementioned Black Bean Coprinus comatus ferment.
本發明又提供一種黑豆之雞腿菇發酵物之用途,其係用於製備預防及/或治療發炎之藥物。The present invention further provides a use of a fermented product of Coprinus comatus, which is used for the preparation of a medicament for preventing and/or treating inflammation.
本發明在以下部分中詳細描述。本發明之其他特徵、目的及優點可易見於本發明之實施方式及申請專利範圍中。The invention is described in detail in the following sections. Other features, objects, and advantages of the invention are apparent from the embodiments of the invention and the appended claims.
本發明係利用黑豆發酵物為營養補充品之主要成分,黑豆之蛋白質含量高達百分之三十六至四十,相當於肉類含量的兩倍、雞蛋的三倍、牛奶的十二倍,再者,黑豆之十八種胺基酸含量豐富,特別是人體必須之八種胺基酸含量高於美國食品藥物管理局規定之高級蛋白質標準。與同為豆類之黃豆相比,黑豆所含之蛋白質含量較高,且黑豆於降低動脈血管硬化、預防血管栓塞之效果亦比黃豆明顯。再者,黑豆含有許多抗氧化及延緩老化成分,特別是異黃酮素及花青素之含量皆明顯高於黃豆,故其抗氧化能力比黃豆強。The invention utilizes the black bean fermented product as the main component of the nutritional supplement, and the protein content of the black bean is as high as 36 to 40, which is equivalent to twice the meat content, three times the egg, and twelve times the milk. The eighteen kinds of amino acids of black beans are rich in content, especially the eight amino acids required by the human body are higher than the advanced protein standards stipulated by the US Food and Drug Administration. Compared with soybeans which are also beans, black beans contain higher protein content, and black beans are more effective in reducing arterial atherosclerosis and preventing vascular embolism than soybeans. In addition, black beans contain many anti-oxidant and anti-aging ingredients, especially the content of isoflavones and anthocyanins are significantly higher than soybeans, so its antioxidant capacity is stronger than soybeans.
根據本發明之黑豆係經雞腿菇發酵,可改變其風味,再者,經發酵所代謝出來之組成亦與發酵前不同,亦具不同之療效。The black bean according to the present invention can be changed by the fermentation of Coprinus comatus, and the composition metabolized by fermentation is different from that before fermentation, and has different curative effects.
除非本文中另外定義,否則結合本發明使用之科技術語應具有一般技術者通常理解之含義。術語之含義及範疇應為明確的;然而,若存在任何潛在含糊性,則本文所提供之定義優先於任何詞典或外來定義。Unless otherwise defined herein, the scientific terms used in connection with the present invention shall have the meaning commonly understood by one of ordinary skill. The meaning and scope of the terms should be clear; however, if there is any potential ambiguity, the definitions provided herein take precedence over any dictionary or foreign definition.
除非上下文另外需要,否則單數術語應包括複數,複數術語也應包括單數。Unless the context requires otherwise, singular terms shall include the plural and plural terms shall also include the singular.
除非另外指示,否則應瞭解如本案所用之以下術語具有以下含義:如本文所用之術語「預防」表示延緩易罹病個體之症狀之起始或降低病症之發生。Unless otherwise indicated, it is to be understood that the following terms as used in this context have the following meanings: The term "prevention" as used herein refers to delaying the onset of a condition or reducing the onset of a condition in a susceptible individual.
如本文所用之術語「治療」表示減少及/或改善罹病個體之症狀。The term "treating" as used herein means reducing and/or improving the symptoms of a rickety individual.
如本文所用之術語「個體」表示動物,特別是哺乳動物。根據本發明之較佳態樣,「個體」係指人類。The term "individual" as used herein refers to an animal, particularly a mammal. According to a preferred aspect of the invention, "individual" refers to a human.
如本文所用之術語「治療有效量」表示一活性成分單獨或與其他治療/藥物合併使用時之用量,該用量足以顯示治療功效。The term "therapeutically effective amount" as used herein means an amount of an active ingredient, either alone or in combination with other treatments/drugs, which is sufficient to demonstrate therapeutic efficacy.
如本文所用之術語「載劑」或「醫藥可接受之載劑」係指稀釋劑、賦形劑、接受體(acceptors)或類似物,其為製造醫藥組合物技術中之一般技術者所熟知。The term "carrier" or "pharmaceutically acceptable carrier" as used herein refers to diluents, excipients, acceptors or the like which are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art of making pharmaceutical compositions. .
根據本發明之黑豆之雞腿菇發酵物之製造方法,其包含將黑豆之經滅菌培養基經雞腿菇進行發酵。A method for producing a fermented product of Coprinus comatus according to the present invention, which comprises fermenting a sterilized medium of black beans with Coprinus comatus.
如本文所用之術語「黑豆」係指黑豆植物之根、葉、莖、種子或其任意組合或整株植物,較佳為種子。該種子較佳包含種皮、胚及子葉,可整個種子使用或取其任一部位或混合使用。根據本發明之黑豆較佳係未經加工或經諸如乾燥、去皮、切片或研磨等加工處理之樣品。The term "black bean" as used herein refers to the root, leaf, stem, seed or any combination or whole plant of a black bean plant, preferably a seed. The seed preferably comprises a seed coat, an embryo and a cotyledon, which may be used throughout the seed or in any part or in combination. The black beans according to the present invention are preferably samples that have not been processed or processed by processes such as drying, peeling, slicing or grinding.
根據本發明之品種並無特殊限制,於本發明之一較佳具體實施例中,其係為恆春(黃仁)黑豆、恆春黑珠豆、黃仁黑豆、青仁黑豆、丹波豆、黑扁豆或黑珠豆;更佳地,其為恆春黑珠豆。於本發明之一較佳具體實施例中,其學名為Glycine max (L.)。The variety according to the present invention is not particularly limited. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is a Hengchun (Huangren) black bean, a Hengchun black bead, a yellow kernel black bean, a green kernel black bean, a Danbo bean, Black lentils or black peas; more preferably, they are Hengchun black peas. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the scientific name is Glycine max (L.).
如本文所用之術語「滅菌」,係指殺死或除去物體上微生物及細菌芽孢之措施。本領域中常用之滅菌方法包含加壓滅菌法、紫外線照射滅菌法、過濾除菌法和化學藥劑滅菌法;較佳係為加壓滅菌法。加壓滅菌法一般係於密封之高壓蒸氣鍋中進行,使鍋中之蒸氣壓力上升到1.05公斤/平方厘米時,蒸汽溫度可達121℃,在此高溫下,連續約15分鐘以上,較佳為連續約15至120分鐘,更佳為約15至60分鐘,即可完成滅菌。The term "sterilization" as used herein refers to a measure of killing or removing microorganisms and bacterial spores on an object. Sterilization methods commonly used in the art include a pressure sterilization method, an ultraviolet irradiation sterilization method, a filtration sterilization method, and a chemical sterilization method; preferably, a pressure sterilization method. The pressure sterilization method is generally carried out in a sealed high-pressure steam pot. When the vapor pressure in the pot is raised to 1.05 kg/cm 2 , the steam temperature can reach 121 ° C. At this high temperature, it is preferably about 15 minutes or more. Sterilization can be accomplished for about 15 to 120 minutes, more preferably about 15 to 60 minutes.
於本發明之一較佳具體實施例中,該經滅菌之黑豆係以約5至約20%(v/w);較佳為約8至約17%(v/w),更佳為約10至約15%(v/w)之比率與菌種培養液混合,菌種濃度約6 g生物量g/L至約12 g生物量g/L;較佳為約7.5 g生物量g/L至約10.5 g生物量g/L;更佳為約8.5 g生物量g/L至約10.5 g生物量g/L。In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sterilized black bean is from about 5 to about 20% (v/w); preferably from about 8 to about 17% (v/w), more preferably about The ratio of 10 to about 15% (v/w) is mixed with the culture medium, and the concentration of the strain is about 6 g biomass g/L to about 12 g biomass g/L; preferably about 7.5 g biomass g/ L to about 10.5 g biomass g/L; more preferably about 8.5 g biomass g/L to about 10.5 g biomass g/L.
根據本發明之方法,其中所使用之雞腿菇菌種為任何商業上可獲得之雞腿菇菌,於本發明之較佳具體實施例中,其學名為Coprinus sp.,更佳為可獲自財團法人食品工業發展研究所之雞腿菇菌BCRC 35671、36031、36055、36074、36075、36076、36077、36078、36079、36099、36100、36101、36102、36103、36104、36302、36317、36390、36391、36478、36479、36516、36517、36597、36649、36658及36918菌株;尤佳為BCRC 36658。According to the method of the present invention, the species of Coprinus comatus used is any commercially available Trichoderma sinensis, and in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the scientific name is Coprinus sp., more preferably obtained. Coprinus comatus BCRC 35671, 36031, 36055, 36074, 36075, 36076, 36077, 36078, 36079, 36099, 36100, 36101, 36102, 36103, 36104, 36302, 36317, 36390, 36391, 36478, 36479, 36616, 36517, 36597, 36649, 36658 and 36918 strains; more preferably BCRC 36658.
於本發明之具體實施例中,該培養基可另包含其他組份,較佳地,該培養基另包含矯味劑,以使發酵所得之產物具有特殊之風味,而更利於食用。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the medium may further comprise other components. Preferably, the medium further comprises a flavoring agent to impart a special flavor to the fermented product, which is more convenient for consumption.
於本發明之較佳具體實施例中,其中該矯味劑為黑糖、小麥、黑芝麻、蕎麥、燕麥、薏仁、糙米、稞麥、小米、高梁、南瓜子、核桃或玉米;更佳係為黑糖、小麥或黑芝麻。各矯味劑可單獨或混合使用,其各成份之含量為本發明所屬技術領域中具通常知識者依所欲之風味而可調整者,其中小麥可提升甘味;黑芝麻可提升香味;黑糖則增加甜味。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flavoring agent is brown sugar, wheat, black sesame, buckwheat, oat, hazelnut, brown rice, buckwheat, millet, sorghum, pumpkin, walnut or corn; more preferably brown sugar , wheat or black sesame seeds. The flavoring agents may be used singly or in combination, and the content of each component may be adjusted according to the flavor of a person having ordinary knowledge in the technical field of the invention, wherein wheat can enhance the sweet taste; black sesame can enhance the flavor; brown sugar increases the brown sugar. Sweet.
於本發明之一較佳具體實施例中,該培養基包含:約80至約250重量份之黑豆;約10至約30重量份之黑糖;約10至約30重量份之小麥;及約5至約25重量份之黑芝麻。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the medium comprises: from about 80 to about 250 parts by weight of black beans; from about 10 to about 30 parts by weight of brown sugar; from about 10 to about 30 parts by weight of wheat; and about 5 to About 25 parts by weight of black sesame seeds.
本發明所屬技術領域中具通常知識者可依本身之知識於約20℃至約30℃間選擇發酵之溫度條件。於本發明之一較佳具體實施例中,該發酵係為於約25℃下培養。另一方面,本發明所屬技術領域中具通常知識者可依本身之知識選擇發酵之其他條件或發酵型式,例如液態發酵或固態發酵;較佳地,該發酵係為固態發酵。Those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains can select the temperature conditions for fermentation between about 20 ° C and about 30 ° C according to their knowledge. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the fermentation is incubated at about 25 °C. On the other hand, those having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains may select other conditions or fermentation forms of fermentation, such as liquid fermentation or solid state fermentation, according to their own knowledge; preferably, the fermentation is solid state fermentation.
於本發明之一較佳具體實施例中,該方法於發酵後另包含一乾燥步驟。本發明所屬技術領域中具通常知識者可決定乾燥之實施條件。於本發明之一較佳具體實施例中,該乾燥步驟係以溫度約50至約70℃,壓力約-0.4至約0.9 kg/cm2 進行。In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises a drying step after fermentation. Those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains may determine the conditions under which the drying is carried out. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the drying step is carried out at a temperature of from about 50 to about 70 ° C and a pressure of from about -0.4 to about 0.9 kg/cm 2 .
為使可便於食用,根據本發明之方法包含一獲得發酵液之步驟。其中該獲得發酵液之步驟可為本發明所屬技術領域中具通常知識者視需要而可決定者,於本發明之具體例中,包含以熱水或含甲醇、乙醇、丙二醇、異丙醇或乙酸乙酯之溶液萃取該經發酵之培養基;較佳係為熱水或乙醇,並取其水溶性部份。於本發明之一較佳具體實施例中,該甲醇、乙醇、丙二醇、異丙醇或乙酸乙酯液體為水溶液,其中濃度為約10至約100 v/v%;較佳者為約50至約90 v/v%;更佳者為約50至約80 v/v%。於本發明之一更佳具體實施例中,該溶液為約50至約70 v/v%之溶液。In order to be convenient for consumption, the method according to the invention comprises a step of obtaining a fermentation broth. The step of obtaining the fermentation broth may be determined by a person having ordinary knowledge in the technical field of the present invention. In the specific example of the present invention, it comprises hot water or contains methanol, ethanol, propylene glycol, isopropanol or The fermented medium is extracted with a solution of ethyl acetate; preferably hot water or ethanol, and the water-soluble portion thereof is taken. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the methanol, ethanol, propylene glycol, isopropanol or ethyl acetate liquid is an aqueous solution having a concentration of from about 10 to about 100 v/v%; preferably about 50 to About 90 v/v%; more preferably from about 50 to about 80 v/v%. In a more preferred embodiment of the invention, the solution is from about 50 to about 70 v/v% solution.
根據本發明之方法,發酵培養基對萃取用之溶液之重量比為約100 w/v%至約2000 w/v%,較佳者為約200 w/v%至約1000 w/v%,更佳者則為約400至約700 w/v%。According to the method of the present invention, the weight ratio of the fermentation medium to the extraction solution is from about 100 w/v% to about 2000 w/v%, preferably from about 200 w/v% to about 1000 w/v%, more The best is about 400 to about 700 w/v%.
根據本發明方法,該獲得發酵液之步驟可以任何習知方法實施,例如煎煮、浸泡、高溫高壓滅菌、超音波萃取法、攪拌、搖晃或其組合。萃取時間為約10分鐘至約100分鐘;較佳者為約10分鐘至約50分鐘;更佳者為約15分鐘至約30分鐘。萃取溫度為約70℃至約121℃、較佳者為約95℃至約121℃。According to the method of the present invention, the step of obtaining the fermentation broth can be carried out by any conventional method such as boiling, soaking, autoclaving, ultrasonic extraction, stirring, shaking or a combination thereof. The extraction time is from about 10 minutes to about 100 minutes; preferably from about 10 minutes to about 50 minutes; more preferably from about 15 minutes to about 30 minutes. The extraction temperature is from about 70 ° C to about 121 ° C, preferably from about 95 ° C to about 121 ° C.
於本發明之一具體實施例中,該方法另包含自發酵液中去除固體部分之步驟,本發明所屬技術領域中具通常知識者可選擇合宜之去除條件,該等固體部分可由任何習知方法所移除,例如經由紗布過濾、離心或其組合;較佳係經由過濾或沉澱過濾去除。In one embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises the step of removing solids from the fermentation broth, and those of ordinary skill in the art may select suitable removal conditions, which may be by any conventional method. The removal, for example via gauze filtration, centrifugation or a combination thereof; is preferably removed via filtration or precipitation filtration.
於本發明之一具體實施例中,該方法另包含將發酵所得之產物進行滅菌之步驟。In a specific embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises the step of sterilizing the product obtained by fermentation.
於本發明之一較佳具體實施例中,該方法另包含將培養基加入水,並加熱萃取,再將培養基過濾去除,並進一步將水萃液靜置沉澱後再行過濾,再將所得之濾液滅菌。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises adding the culture medium to water, heating and extracting, filtering the medium, and further precipitating the aqueous extract, filtering, and then filtering the obtained filtrate. Sterilize.
根據本發明之方法,較佳係另包含濃縮該發酵液,其可以任何習知方法濃縮該發酵液,例如冷凍乾燥或蒸發(J. Pharmacol. Sci.,99:294-300,2005及J. Chromatography,932:91-95,2001)以獲得經濃縮之薄荷發酵萃取物,並可視需要加入賦形劑,例如甲基纖維素共同冷凍乾燥。Preferably, the method according to the present invention further comprises concentrating the fermentation broth, which can be concentrated by any conventional method, such as freeze drying or evaporation (J. Pharmacol. Sci., 99:294-300, 2005 and J. Chromatography, 932: 91-95, 2001) to obtain a concentrated mint fermentation extract, and optionally freeze-dried by adding an excipient such as methyl cellulose.
本發明提供一種黑豆之雞腿菇發酵物,其係由前述之方法所製得。The present invention provides a fermented chicken of the black bean, which is obtained by the aforementioned method.
於本發明之具體實施例中,該發酵物經高壓液相層析(High Pressure Liquid Chromatography,HPLC)分析之結果示於圖1,使用之層析管柱為Inersil ODS-2,5 μm,(GL Sciences,ToKyo,Japan),該管柱之長度為250 mm,內徑為4.6 mm,使用之層析儀為HitachiPDA L2455,沖提液(A)為0.1%磷酸溶液,沖提液(B)為100%乙腈,沖提程式為0分鐘至60分鐘:90%沖提液(A)/10%沖提液(B)、60分鐘至71分鐘:0%沖提液(A)/100%沖提液(B)及71分鐘至80分鐘:90%沖提液(A)/10%沖提液(B),其中於滯留時間約7.3、約7.8、約9.2、約13.0、約13.4、約16.0、約21.0、約21.6、約25.0、約25.4、約37.0、約39.1、約40.0、約43.2、約53.2、約56.8、約60.9及約67.2分鐘具有吸收峰。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the result of the high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of the fermented product is shown in Fig. 1, and the chromatography column used is Inersil ODS-2, 5 μm, ( GL Sciences, ToKyo, Japan), the column has a length of 250 mm and an inner diameter of 4.6 mm. The chromatograph used is Hitachi. PDA L2455, the extract (A) is 0.1% phosphoric acid solution, the extract (B) is 100% acetonitrile, the extraction procedure is 0 minutes to 60 minutes: 90% extract (A)/10% extract (B), 60 minutes to 71 minutes: 0% of the extract (A) / 100% of the extract (B) and 71 minutes to 80 minutes: 90% of the extract (A) / 10% of the extract (B Wherein the residence time is about 7.3, about 7.8, about 9.2, about 13.0, about 13.4, about 16.0, about 21.0, about 21.6, about 25.0, about 25.4, about 37.0, about 39.1, about 40.0, about 43.2, about 53.2 There are absorption peaks at about 56.8, about 60.9 and about 67.2 minutes.
根據本發明之黑豆於發酵前及發酵後其成分並不相同,其中黑豆未經發酵所得之經高壓液相層析分析之結果示於圖2,其中於滯留時間約7.3、約7.8、約9.2、約11.8、約13.0、約13.4、約16.0、約21.0、約21.6、約25.0、約25.4、約37.0、約39.1、約40.0、約67.2分鐘具有吸收峰。The black beans according to the present invention have different compositions before and after fermentation, and the results of high pressure liquid chromatography analysis of the black beans unfermented are shown in Fig. 2, wherein the residence time is about 7.3, about 7.8, about 9.2. There are absorption peaks of about 11.8, about 13.0, about 13.4, about 16.0, about 21.0, about 21.6, about 25.0, about 25.4, about 37.0, about 39.1, about 40.0, about 67.2 minutes.
經比較黑豆於發酵前與發酵後之圖譜可發現滯留時間約21.0、約21.6、約25.0、約25.4分鐘之吸收峰成份含量提高,且新增滯留時間約43.2、約53.2、約56.8、約60.9分鐘之吸收峰成份,可知該發酵確實改變培養基之成份。Comparing the black beans before and after fermentation, the absorption peak content of the retention time of about 21.0, about 21.6, about 25.0, and about 25.4 minutes was increased, and the new residence time was about 43.2, about 53.2, about 56.8, about 60.9. The absorption peak component of the minute shows that the fermentation does change the composition of the medium.
於本發明之一較佳具體實施例中,該發酵物分析其總支鏈胺基酸(白胺酸、異白胺酸、纈胺酸)含量為0.83 g/68 mL,對照市售健康食品認證之標準總支鏈胺基酸需大於或等於0.32 g/68 mL,高出1.6倍。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fermented product has a total branched chain amino acid (leucine, isoleucine, valine) content of 0.83 g/68 mL, and is compared with a commercially available health food. The certified standard total branched chain amino acid needs to be greater than or equal to 0.32 g/68 mL, which is 1.6 times higher.
本發明提供一種包含治療有效量之本發明黑豆之雞腿菇發酵物。本發明發酵物可作為食品組合物、醫藥組合物或營養補充品。The present invention provides a fermented product of Coprinus comatus comprising a therapeutically effective amount of the black bean of the present invention. The fermented product of the present invention can be used as a food composition, a pharmaceutical composition or a nutritional supplement.
本發明組合物可藉由任何適當途徑投與至個體,例如口服投與。本發明組合物適當調配形式包括,但不限於錠劑、喉片、硬式或軟式膠囊、水性或油性懸浮液、乳劑、可分散粉末或顆粒、糖漿或酏劑(elixir)。如需要,可針對該組合物滅菌或與任何醫藥可接受之載劑,例如安定劑、濕化劑等混合。The compositions of the invention may be administered to an individual by any suitable route, such as oral administration. Suitable formulations of the compositions of the present invention include, but are not limited to, lozenges, blister packs, hard or soft capsules, aqueous or oily suspensions, emulsions, dispersible powders or granules, syrups or elixirs. If desired, the composition can be sterilized or mixed with any pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, such as a stabilizer, a wetting agent, and the like.
本發明組合物可藉由任何習知方法與習知醫藥可接受之賦形劑予以混合。因此,欲用於口服之本發明組合物可包含,例如一或多種呈色劑、甜味劑、增味劑及/或保存劑。The compositions of the present invention may be admixed by any conventional method with conventional pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. Thus, the compositions of the invention to be used orally may comprise, for example, one or more color formers, sweeteners, flavor enhancers, and/or preservatives.
本發明組合物可與其他一或多種目前正在使用的藥物併用,以治療與一氧化氮過量生成相關之疾病。The compositions of the present invention can be used in combination with one or more other drugs currently in use to treat diseases associated with excessive production of nitric oxide.
本發明提供一種根據本發明之黑豆之雞腿菇發酵物於預防及/或治療與一氧化氮過量生成相關之疾病之藥物之用途。The present invention provides a use of a fermented product of Coprinus comatus according to the present invention for preventing and/or treating a disease associated with excessive production of nitric oxide.
於本發明之較佳具體實施例中,與一氧化氮過量生成相關之疾病如發炎、敗血性休克、出血性休克、創傷性休克、過敏性休克、毒性休克徵候群、血容積過少性休克、絕血、腦絕血、細胞素投藥、細胞素過度表現、潰瘍、發炎性腸疾病(如潰瘍性結腸炎或柯隆氏疾病(Crohn's disease))、糖尿病、代謝症候群、糖尿病性腎病、糖尿病性神經病及糖尿病性潰瘍、關節炎、類風濕性關節炎、氣喘、阿茲海默氏疾病、帕金森氏疾病、多發性硬化、硬變、異體移植排斥作用、腦脊髓炎、腦膜炎、胰炎、腹膜炎、脈管炎、淋巴球性脈絡叢腦膜炎、絲球體性腎炎、葡萄膜炎、迴腸炎、發炎(如肝發炎、腎發炎等)、灼傷、感染(包含細菌、病毒、真菌及寄生性感染)、流感、上呼吸道感染有關之呼吸道發炎、血液滲析、慢性疲勞徵候群、中風、癌症(如乳癌、黑色素細胞瘤、實體瘤、白血病、骨髓瘤、淋巴瘤等)、心肺旁通、絕血/再灌注損傷、血栓性或出血性中風、蛛網膜下出血、腦血管痙攣、心肌梗塞、休克、胃炎、潰瘍性結腸炎、成人呼吸痛苦徵候群、惡病質、心肌炎、自動免疾失調、濕疹、牛皮癬、心臟衰竭、心臟疾病、動脈硬化、心肌梗塞、急性冠狀動脈症候群、血管手術後再狹窄、高血壓及血管炎、皮膚炎、異位性皮炎、痤瘡、蕁蔴疹、全身性紅斑性狼瘡、AIDS、AIDS癡呆、慢性神經退化疾病、慢性疼痛、異常勃起、囊腫纖維變性、肌萎縮性側索硬化、ALS及肌肉萎縮症、肌張力障礙、重症肌無力(M G)、精神分裂症、抑鬱、行經前徵候群、焦慮、成癮(如藥物、酒精及尼古丁依賴)、嗎啡引起之耐受性及脫癮症狀、雙極性病症、創傷後壓力症、神經性厭食、ADHD及泛自閉症障礙、偏頭痛、發炎性疼痛及神經痛、亨丁頓氏疾病、癲病、神經退化失調、胃腸能動性失調、肥胖症、攝食過度、實心腫瘤(如神經母細胞瘤)、瘧疾、血癌、脊髓纖維變性、肺損傷、移植對宿主疾病、頭損傷、CNS創傷、肝炎、腎衰竭、胰腺炎、肝疾病(如慢性肝炎C)、藥物誘發之肺損傷(如Paraquat)、黃斑變性、糖尿病性視網膜病、青光眼、視網膜炎、聽力喪失、耳鳴、哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺病、急性呼吸窘迫症候群、囊腫性纖維化、骨質疏鬆症、骨關節炎、硬骨及軟骨之其他退化性病狀、急性或慢性移植失敗或排斥反應及移植抗宿主疾病、與癌症療法(包括放射療法或化學療法)有關之黏膜炎、重度燒傷、血小板凝集不足、體內平衡過程失調、組織損傷等。In a preferred embodiment of the invention, diseases associated with excessive production of nitric oxide, such as inflammation, septic shock, hemorrhagic shock, traumatic shock, anaphylactic shock, toxic shock syndrome, hypovolemic shock, Absence of blood, brain, cytokines, cytokine overexpression, ulceration, inflammatory bowel disease (such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease), diabetes, metabolic syndrome, diabetic nephropathy, diabetes Neuropathy and diabetic ulcer, arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, hardening, allograft rejection, encephalomyelitis, meningitis, pancreatitis , peritonitis, vasculitis, lymphocytic choriomeningitis, glomerulonephritis, uveitis, ileitis, inflammation (such as liver inflammation, kidney inflammation, etc.), burns, infections (including bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasitic Sexual infections), influenza, respiratory tract inflammation associated with upper respiratory tract infections, blood dialysis, chronic fatigue syndrome, stroke, cancer (eg breast cancer, melanoma, Body tumor, leukemia, myeloma, lymphoma, etc.), cardiopulmonary bypass, hematopoietic/reperfusion injury, thrombotic or hemorrhagic stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, cerebral vasospasm, myocardial infarction, shock, gastritis, ulcerative colon Inflammation, adult respiratory distress syndrome, cachexia, myocarditis, autoimmune disorder, eczema, psoriasis, heart failure, heart disease, arteriosclerosis, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome, restenosis after vascular surgery, hypertension and vasculitis , dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, acne, urticaria, systemic lupus erythematosus, AIDS, AIDS dementia, chronic neurodegenerative diseases, chronic pain, abnormal erection, cystic fibrosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ALS and muscle Atrophy, dystonia, myasthenia gravis (MG), schizophrenia, depression, premenstrual syndrome, anxiety, addiction (eg medication, alcohol and nicotine dependence), morphine-induced tolerance and withdrawal symptoms, Bipolar disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, anorexia nervosa, ADHD and autism spectrum disorders, migraine, inflammatory pain and neuralgia, Hunting Disease, epilepsy, neurodegenerative disorders, gastrointestinal motility disorders, obesity, overfeeding, solid tumors (such as neuroblastoma), malaria, blood cancer, spinal cord fibrosis, lung injury, transplantation versus host disease, head injury, CNS Trauma, hepatitis, renal failure, pancreatitis, liver disease (such as chronic hepatitis C), drug-induced lung injury (such as Paraquat), macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, retinitis, hearing loss, tinnitus, asthma, chronic Obstructive pulmonary disease, acute respiratory distress syndrome, cystic fibrosis, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, other degenerative conditions of hard bone and cartilage, acute or chronic graft failure or rejection and transplant-versus-host disease, and cancer therapy (including Radiation therapy or chemotherapy) related mucositis, severe burns, insufficient platelet aggregation, imbalance of homeostatic processes, tissue damage, etc.
較佳地,根據本發明之與一氧化氮過量生成相關之疾病為發炎。Preferably, the disease associated with excessive production of nitric oxide according to the present invention is inflamed.
本發明所屬技術領域中具通常知識者當可無困難地選擇適當的投與途徑及劑量以進行治療。根據本發明,較佳途徑係口服投與。劑量則根據疾病之本質及其狀況、個體的年紀及健康狀況、投與途徑及前處理等情形而定。本發明所屬技術領域中具通常知識者當瞭解劑量會隨著個體的年紀、體重、健康狀況及其他相關因素而變化。Those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains can select the appropriate route of administration and dosage for treatment without difficulty. According to the invention, the preferred route is oral administration. The dosage will depend on the nature of the disease and its condition, the age and health of the individual, the route of administration and pretreatment. Those of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention pertains will appreciate that the dosage will vary with the age, weight, health, and other relevant factors of the individual.
以下之非限制性之實例有助於本發明所屬技術領域中具通常知識者實施本發明。該等實例不應視為過度地限制本發明。本發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者可在不背離本發明之精神或範疇的情況下對本文所討論之實施例進行修改及變化,而仍屬於本發明之範圍。The following non-limiting examples are intended to assist those of ordinary skill in the art to practice the invention. The examples are not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Modifications and variations of the embodiments discussed herein may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and still fall within the scope of the invention.
實例一、黑豆之雞腿菇發酵物Example 1. Black bean of Coprinus comatus fermentation
取155公克恆春黑珠豆、20公克黑糖、20公克小麥與5公克黑芝麻,混合均勻後,加入水,培養基配料與水分之添加比例為150 w/v%,再以121℃之溫度,加溫至少30分鐘予以滅菌成為培養基。Take 155 grams of Hengchun black peas, 20 grams of brown sugar, 20 grams of wheat and 5 grams of black sesame. After mixing evenly, add water. The ratio of the medium ingredients to the water is 150 w/v%, and then at 121 °C. Incubate for at least 30 minutes to sterilize into medium.
接著進行固態接種,將雞腿菇菌BCRC 36658接種於前述之培養基中,培養基與依10%(v/w)之比率與雞腿菇菌培養液混合,菌種濃度約10g生物量g/L之比例調配,並攪拌均勻,置於25℃培養30天。Then, solid inoculation was carried out, and Coprinus comatus BCRC 36658 was inoculated into the above-mentioned medium, and the ratio of the medium to the culture medium of Coprinus comatus was 10% (v/w), and the concentration of the strain was about 10 g of biomass g/L. The mixture was prepared and stirred well, and cultured at 25 ° C for 30 days.
待發酵完成將發酵物進行乾燥,該步驟主要係以溫度約50℃,壓力約0.5kg/cm2 進行,即製得黑豆之雞腿菇發酵物。The fermented material is dried after the completion of the fermentation, and the step is mainly carried out at a temperature of about 50 ° C and a pressure of about 0.5 kg / cm 2 to obtain a fermented product of the black bean.
實例二、黑豆之雞腿菇發酵物之高壓液相層析分析指紋Example 2: High-pressure liquid chromatography analysis of the fermentation of the black bean 圖譜Map
將實例一所製得之發酵物精秤1克,並加入10毫升甲醇溶液,以超音波萃取1小時,經離心、過濾後進行高壓液相層析分析,使用之層析管柱為Inersil ODS-2,5 μm,(GL Sciences,ToKyo,Japan),該管柱之長度為250 mm,內徑為4.6 mm,使用之層析儀為HitachiPDA L2455,沖提液(A)為0.1%磷酸溶液,沖提液(B)為100%乙腈,沖提程式為0分鐘至60分鐘:90%沖提液(A)/10%沖提液(B)、60分鐘至71分鐘:0%沖提液(A)/100%沖提液(B)及71分鐘至80分鐘:90%沖提液(A)/10%沖提液(B)。1 g of the fermented product obtained in Example 1 was weighed and added to 10 ml of methanol solution, and ultrasonically extracted for 1 hour, centrifuged, filtered, and subjected to high pressure liquid chromatography analysis, and the column used was Inersil ODS. -2,5 μm, (GL Sciences, ToKyo, Japan), the length of the column is 250 mm, the inner diameter is 4.6 mm, and the chromatograph used is Hitachi PDA L2455, the extract (A) is 0.1% phosphoric acid solution, the extract (B) is 100% acetonitrile, the extraction procedure is 0 minutes to 60 minutes: 90% extract (A)/10% extract (B), 60 minutes to 71 minutes: 0% of the extract (A) / 100% of the extract (B) and 71 minutes to 80 minutes: 90% of the extract (A) / 10% of the extract (B ).
其結果示於圖1,其中於滯留時間約7.3、約7.8、約9.2、約13.0、約13.4、約16.0、約21.0、約21.6、約25.0、約25.4、約37.0、約39.1、約40.0、約43.2、約53.2、約56.8、約60.9及約67.2分鐘具有吸收峰。The results are shown in Figure 1, wherein the residence time is about 7.3, about 7.8, about 9.2, about 13.0, about 13.4, about 16.0, about 21.0, about 21.6, about 25.0, about 25.4, about 37.0, about 39.1, about 40.0, There are absorption peaks of about 43.2, about 53.2, about 56.8, about 60.9, and about 67.2 minutes.
另取未發酵之培養基依前述條件進行分析,其結果示於圖2,其中於滯留時間約約7.3、約7.8、約9.2、約11.8、約13.0、約13.4、約16.0、約21.0、約21.6、約25.0、約25.4、約37.0、約39.1、約40.0、約67.2分鐘具有吸收峰。Further, the unfermented medium was analyzed according to the above conditions, and the results are shown in Fig. 2, wherein the residence time was about 7.3, about 7.8, about 9.2, about 11.8, about 13.0, about 13.4, about 16.0, about 21.0, about 21.6. There are absorption peaks of about 25.0, about 25.4, about 37.0, about 39.1, about 40.0, about 67.2 minutes.
經比較黑豆於發酵前與發酵後之圖譜可發現滯留時間約21.0、約21.6、約25.0、約25.4分鐘之吸收峰成份含量提高,且新增滯留時間約43.2、約53.2、約56.8、約60.9分鐘之吸收峰成份,可知該發酵確實改變培養基之成份。Comparing the black beans before and after fermentation, the absorption peak content of the retention time of about 21.0, about 21.6, about 25.0, and about 25.4 minutes was increased, and the new residence time was about 43.2, about 53.2, about 56.8, about 60.9. The absorption peak component of the minute shows that the fermentation does change the composition of the medium.
實例三、黑豆之雞腿菇發酵物之胺基酸含量分析Example 3: Analysis of amino acid content of fermented food of Coprinus comatus
將實例一所製得之發酵物分析其總支鏈胺基酸(白胺酸、異白胺酸、纈胺酸)含量,其含量委託SGS公司進行檢測,測試結果為0.83 g/68 mL,對照市售健康食品認證之標準總支鏈胺基酸需大於或等於0.32 g/68 mL,高出1.6倍。The fermented product obtained in Example 1 was analyzed for its total branched amino acid (leucine, isoleucine, valine) content, and the content was determined by SGS, and the test result was 0.83 g/68 mL. The standard total branched chain amino acid to be certified against commercially available health foods is greater than or equal to 0.32 g/68 mL, which is 1.6 times higher.
實例四、黑豆之雞腿菇發酵液Example 4, black bean, chicken leg mushroom fermentation broth
將實例一所製得之發酵物168克加水840克熬煮(冷水投料,水滾計時30分鐘),之後冷卻,再將培養基過濾去除,並冷藏靜置沉澱4小時,之後再過濾一次,加水將重量加回750克,並滅菌121℃歷時25分鐘。168 g of the fermented product obtained in Example 1 was boiled with 840 g of water (cold water was charged, and the water was rolled for 30 minutes), then cooled, and then the medium was filtered and removed, and the precipitate was refrigerated for 4 hours, and then filtered again, and water was added. The weight was added back to 750 grams and sterilized at 121 °C for 25 minutes.
實例五、黑豆之雞腿菇發酵物對抑制一氧化氮之生成分析Example 5: Analysis of the inhibition of nitric oxide production by the fermentation of Coprinus comatus
抑制一氧化氮自由基(NO)的生成為評估抗發炎活性的主要方法之一,其原理為利用脂多醣(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)刺激老鼠巨噬細胞RAW264.7,模擬發炎反應時由誘導型一氧化氮生成酵素(inducible nitric oxide synthase,iNOS),iNOS會產生大量自由基。並利用萃取物進行清除NO自由基的能力來評估成分是否有抗發炎活性。Inhibition of nitric oxide free radical (NO) production is one of the main methods for evaluating anti-inflammatory activity. The principle is to use lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to stimulate mouse macrophage RAW264.7, and to induce inflammatory reaction by inducible one. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), iNOS produces a large amount of free radicals. The extract is used to remove the NO radicals to assess whether the components have anti-inflammatory activity.
亞硝酸鹽濃度的分析測定方法是用Griess反應劑[0.1% N-(1-萘)乙二胺(N-(1-naphthyl) ethylenediamine)及1%磺胺(Sulfanilamide)於5%磷酸]和亞硝酸鹽反應,所生成的顏色變化,在548 nm下測定吸光值,對照吸光值-濃度標準曲線後,即可得到NO2 在組織培養液中的含量。由於NO的半衰期很短,迅速會被氧化成亞硝酸鹽,再進一步氧化成硝酸鹽,因此在短時間內可使用Griess反應劑測定亞硝酸鹽的量,來間接表示NO的釋放量(Paul et al.,1994,Anal Biochem. 1982 Oct;126(1): 131-8)。The nitrite concentration was determined by using the Griess reagent [0.1% N-(1-naphthyl) ethylenediamine) and 1% Sulfanilamide in 5% phosphoric acid] and The nitrate reaction, the color change produced, the absorbance at 548 nm, and the absorbance-concentration standard curve, the content of NO 2 in the tissue culture solution can be obtained. Since the half-life of NO is very short, it is quickly oxidized to nitrite and further oxidized to nitrate. Therefore, the amount of nitrite can be measured in a short time by using the Griess reagent to indirectly indicate the release amount of NO (Paul et Al., 1994, Anal Biochem. 1982 Oct;126(1): 131-8).
將實例一所製得之發酵物秤取1 g加入10 mL 95%乙醇或H2 O,混合均勻,以70℃水浴1小時,接著於10,000 rpm,4℃,離心10分鐘,取上清液。接著於45℃烘乾至完全乾燥,約需48小時。並秤得乾物重。Weigh 1 g of the fermented material obtained in Example 1 and add 10 mL of 95% ethanol or H 2 O, mix well, and then bathe at 70 ° C for 1 hour, then centrifuge at 10,000 rpm, 4 ° C for 10 minutes, and take the supernatant. . It is then dried at 45 ° C until it is completely dry, taking about 48 hours. And weighed dry weight.
接著利用超音波震盪,以10%二甲基亞碸(Dimethyl sulfoxide,DMSO)回溶乾物至濃度為10 mg/mL。再將各樣品以水稀釋,使各樣品有10、5、1 mg/mL共3種濃度,並以0.45 μm濾膜於無菌操作台中過濾備用,以測試其IC50 ,IC50 為當發炎反應抑制率達50%時樣品所需的濃度,即IC50 值愈低愈好。Then, using ultrasonic vibration, the dry matter was reconstituted with 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to a concentration of 10 mg/mL. Each sample was diluted with water, and each sample was subjected to three concentrations of 10, 5, and 1 mg/mL, and filtered in a sterile operation table with a 0.45 μm filter to test its IC 50 , and the IC 50 was an inflammatory reaction. The concentration required for the sample at a inhibition rate of 50%, that is, the lower the IC 50 value, the better.
使用RAW264.7細胞株進行測試,將2×105 細胞/100 μL種入96孔盤中,使每孔的細胞數皆為2×105 。並於37℃培養24小時。再去除培養液,依照前述加入培養液與樣品,總測試體積為100 μL。再於37℃培養24小時。The test was carried out using the RAW264.7 cell line, and 2 × 10 5 cells/100 μL were seeded into a 96-well plate so that the number of cells per well was 2 × 10 5 . And incubated at 37 ° C for 24 hours. The culture solution was removed, and the culture solution and the sample were added as described above, and the total test volume was 100 μL. It was further cultured at 37 ° C for 24 hours.
於檢測一氧化氮之含量,係先製備標準品與背景值備用,標準品、背景值及樣品各取50 μL至新的96孔盤中,加入反應試劑作用,以酵素免疫分析法(Enzyme-linked immunoassay,簡稱ELISA)讀取OD540 值,其中標準品所製備之標準曲線示於圖3,斜率0.0063,截距0.0719,線性0.9993。For the detection of the content of nitric oxide, first prepare the standard and background value for use, standard sample, background value and sample each take 50 μL to the new 96-well plate, add the reagents, and use enzyme immunoassay (Enzyme- Linked immunoassay (abbreviated as ELISA) reads the OD 540 value, wherein the standard curve prepared by the standard is shown in Figure 3, with a slope of 0.0063, an intercept of 0.0719, and a linearity of 0.9993.
其結果示於下表1。The results are shown in Table 1 below.
一併以發酵前之培養基作為對照組,其製備方法如前所述,結果示於表2。The medium before fermentation was used as a control group, and the preparation method was as described above, and the results are shown in Table 2.
由表1及表2之結果可知,根據本發明之黑豆發酵物具有抑制一氧化氮生成之效果,而可據以預防及/或治療與一氧化氮生成相關疾病,特別是發炎。另一方面,未發酵之黑豆之效果則較差。As is apparent from the results of Tables 1 and 2, the black bean fermented product according to the present invention has an effect of suppressing the production of nitric oxide, and can prevent and/or treat a disease associated with nitric oxide production, particularly inflammation. On the other hand, the effect of unfermented black beans is poor.
圖1顯示根據本發明之黑豆發酵物進行之高壓液相層析圖。Fig. 1 shows a high pressure liquid chromatogram of a black bean fermented product according to the present invention.
圖2顯示黑豆培養基於發酵前進行之高壓液相層析圖。Figure 2 shows a high pressure liquid chromatogram of black bean medium before fermentation.
圖3顯示測試一氧化氮生成量之標準品標準曲線圖。Figure 3 shows a standard curve of the standard for testing the amount of nitric oxide produced.
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