TWI394575B - Application of Cynanchum auranthone Cyclohexenone Compounds in the Preparation of Drugs for the Suppression of Hepatitis B Virus - Google Patents
Application of Cynanchum auranthone Cyclohexenone Compounds in the Preparation of Drugs for the Suppression of Hepatitis B Virus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI394575B TWI394575B TW096124892A TW96124892A TWI394575B TW I394575 B TWI394575 B TW I394575B TW 096124892 A TW096124892 A TW 096124892A TW 96124892 A TW96124892 A TW 96124892A TW I394575 B TWI394575 B TW I394575B
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- Prior art keywords
- hepatitis
- virus
- compound
- methyl
- cyclohexenone
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- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)OC VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical class C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- AJDUTMFFZHIJEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(9,10-dioxoanthracen-1-yl)-4-[4-[[4-[4-[(9,10-dioxoanthracen-1-yl)carbamoyl]phenyl]phenyl]diazenyl]phenyl]benzamide Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2NC(=O)C(C=C1)=CC=C1C(C=C1)=CC=C1N=NC(C=C1)=CC=C1C(C=C1)=CC=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC2=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C2=O AJDUTMFFZHIJEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000013642 negative control Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002826 placenta Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003429 steroid acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003431 steroids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003432 sterols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000003702 sterols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
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- DVORYMAGXQGBQK-QCMFUGJUSA-N zhankuic acid A Chemical compound C([C@@]12C)CC(=O)[C@@H](C)[C@@H]1CC(=O)C1=C2C(=O)C[C@]2(C)[C@@H]([C@@H](CCC(=C)C(C)C(O)=O)C)CC[C@H]21 DVORYMAGXQGBQK-QCMFUGJUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXEJUZMIQVTZHO-JNXQNPAGSA-N zhankuic acid B Chemical compound C([C@@]12C)C[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@@H]1CC(=O)C1=C2C(=O)C[C@]2(C)[C@@H]([C@@H](CCC(=C)C(C)C(O)=O)C)CC[C@H]21 TXEJUZMIQVTZHO-JNXQNPAGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVFHKUZOQUATIE-NIQDNRFFSA-N zhankuic acid C Chemical compound C([C@@]12C)C[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@@H]1CC(=O)C1=C2C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@]2(C)[C@@H]([C@@H](CCC(=C)C(C)C(O)=O)C)CC[C@H]21 LVFHKUZOQUATIE-NIQDNRFFSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/44—Radicals substituted by doubly-bound oxygen, sulfur, or nitrogen atoms, or by two such atoms singly-bound to the same carbon atom
- C07D213/53—Nitrogen atoms
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
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- C07C403/02—Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene or of cyclohexadiene, having a side-chain containing an acyclic unsaturated part of at least four carbon atoms, this part being directly attached to the cyclohexane or cyclohexene or cyclohexadiene rings, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone having side-chains containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/045—Hydroxy compounds, e.g. alcohols; Salts thereof, e.g. alcoholates
- A61K31/05—Phenols
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/12—Ketones
- A61K31/122—Ketones having the oxygen directly attached to a ring, e.g. quinones, vitamin K1, anthralin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/06—Fungi, e.g. yeasts
- A61K36/07—Basidiomycota, e.g. Cryptococcus
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/16—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
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- C07C2601/16—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a six-membered ring the ring being unsaturated
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Description
本發明係關於一種用於抑制病毒之化合物,尤其係關於一種自牛樟芝(Antrodia camphorata
)萃取物中分離純化而得且可用於抑制B型肝炎病毒之環己烯酮化合物。
B型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)屬於肝病毒科(Hepadnviridae
),其係為可以造成持續非細胞病變性(noncytopathic)肝臟感染的小型去氧核糖核酸類病毒體,並具有蛋白外套膜(envelope),亦是目前人類肝炎病毒中唯一的DNA病毒;B型肝炎病毒之外膜約含25%脂質以及75%糖蛋白,糖蛋白的主要成分為B型肝炎表面抗原(hepatitis B surface antigen;HbsAg),而B型肝炎病毒核心顆粒中係含有B型肝炎外套膜抗原(hepatitis B envelop antigen;HbeAg),其中,B型肝炎外套膜抗原(HbeAg)是一種分泌蛋白(secretory protein),早期即可通過胎盤進入胎兒體內,此時胎兒免疫系統尚未成熟,因此毒殺性T淋巴細胞會對B型肝炎外套膜抗原(HbeAg)產生耐受性,導致人體免疫系統無法清除B型肝炎病毒,使病毒可大量複製,故B型肝炎外套膜抗原(HbeAg)亦被視為是一種耐受子(tolerogen),因此,B型肝炎表面抗原(HbsAg)以及B型肝炎外套膜抗原(HbeAg)含量之偵測結果,可作為評估B型肝炎病毒複製與分泌情況之指標。世界衛生組織的調查中顯示,全世界約有超過二十億的人口曾被B型肝炎病毒感染,是個流行率相當高的病毒,主要藉由親代垂直感染,感染後會引起急性肝炎、慢性肝炎、肝硬化、甚至是肝癌。在台灣地區,三十歲以上的男子約有百分之九十的人曾受B型肝炎病毒感染,其中15%~20%的人會變成終身帶原者,並有可能轉變成肝硬化、肝癌而死亡,故台灣是B型肝炎感染嚴重的地方,同時也是肝癌好發的地區。
由前述可知,B型肝炎病毒之感染與肝臟疾病以及肝癌的形成關係密切,因此,如何干擾並抑制病毒複製,徹底根除慢性感染,係為抗病毒治療的主要研究目標;此外,近年來不論是使用干擾素、抗病毒藥物或疫苗來防治B型肝炎病毒感染已有不錯的成效,但在慢性B型肝炎帶原者的治療上,仍無法徹底根除病毒,此為造成B型肝炎病毒引發肝臟相關疾病並造成高致死率的主因,因此,開發出可有效抑制B型肝炎病毒之抗病毒藥物係為刻不容緩。
牛樟芝(Antrodia camphorata
),又稱樟芝、牛樟菇或紅樟芝等,屬於非褶菌目(Aphyllophorales
)、多孔菌科(Polyporaceae
)之多年生蕈菌類,為台灣特有種真菌,僅生長於台灣保育類樹種-牛樟樹(Cinnamoum kanehirai
Hay)之中空腐朽心材內壁上。由於牛樟樹分布數量極為稀少,加上人為的盜伐,使得寄生於其中方能生長之野生牛樟芝數量更形稀少,且由於其子實體生長相當緩慢,生長期亦僅在六月至十月之間,因此價格非常昂貴。
牛樟芝之子實體為多年生,無柄,呈木栓質至木質,其具強烈之樟樹香氣,且形態多變化,有板狀、鐘狀、馬蹄狀或塔狀。初生時為扁平型並呈鮮紅色,之後其周邊會呈現放射反捲狀,並向四周擴展生長,顏色亦轉變為淡紅褐色或淡黃褐色,並有許多細孔,且其係為牛樟芝之藥用價值最豐富的部位。
在台灣民俗醫學上,牛樟芝具有解毒、減輕腹瀉症狀、消炎、治療肝臟相關疾病及抗癌等功用。牛樟芝如同一般食藥用之蕈菇類,具有許多複雜的成分,已知的生理活性成分中,包括:三萜類化合物(triterpenoids)、多醣體(polysaccharides,如β-D-葡聚醣)、腺苷(adenosine)、維生素(如維生素B、菸鹼酸)、蛋白質(含免疫球蛋白)、超氧歧化酵素(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、微量元素(如:鈣、磷、鍺)、核酸、固醇類以及血壓穩定物質(如antodia acid)等,此些生理活性成分被認為具有抗腫瘤、增加免疫能力、抗過敏、抗病菌、抗高血壓、降血糖及降膽固醇等多種功效。
牛樟芝眾多成分中以三萜類化合物被研究的最多,三萜類化合物是由三十個碳元素結合成六角形或五角形天然化合物之總稱,牛樟芝所具之苦味即主要來自三萜類此成分。1995年時,Cherng等人發現牛樟芝子實體萃取物中含有三種新的以麥角甾烷(ergostane)為骨架的三萜類化合物:antcin A、antcin B與antcin C(Cherng,I.H.,and Chiang,H.C.1995.Three new triterpenoids fromAntrodia cinnamomea.
J.Nat.Prod.58:365-371)。Chen等人以乙醇萃取樟芝子實體後發現zhankuic acid A、zhankuic acid B及zhankuic acid C等三種三萜類化合物(Chen,C.H.,and Yang,S.W.1995.New steroid acids fromAntrodia cinnamomea
,-a fungus parasitic onCinnamomum micranthum.
J.Nat.Prod.58:1655-1661)。此外,Chiang等人於1995年也由子實體萃取物中發現另外三種分別為倍半萜內酯(sesquiterpene lactone)與兩種雙酚類衍生物的新三萜類化合物,此即antrocin,4,7-二甲氧基-5-甲基-1,3-苯並二氧環(4,7-dimethoxy-5-methy-1,3-benzodioxole)與2,2',5,5'-四甲氧基-3,4,3',4'-雙-亞甲二氧基-6,6'-二甲基聯苯(2,2',5,5'-teramethoxy-3,4,3',4'-bi-methylenedioxy-6,6'-dimethylbiphenyl)(Chiang,H.C.,Wu,D.P.,Cherng,I.W.,and Ueng,C.H.1995.A sesquiterpene lactone,phenyl and biphenyl compounds fromAntrodia cinnamomea.
Phytochemistry.39:613-616)。到了1996年,Cherng等人以同樣分析方法再度發現四種新的三萜類化合物:antcin E、antcin F、methyl antcinate G、methyl antcinate H(Cherng,I.H.,Wu,D.P.,and Chiang,H.C.1996.Triteroenoids fromAntrodia cinnamomea.
Phytochemistry.41:263-267);而Yang等人則發現了二種以麥角甾烷為骨架的新化合物zhankuic acid D、zhankuic acid E,和三種以羊毛甾烷(lanostane)為骨架的新化合物:15 α-乙醯-去氫硫色多孔菌酸(15 α-acetyl-dehydrosulphurenic acid)、去氫齒孔酸(dehydroeburicoic acid)與去水硫色多孔菌酸(dehydrasulphurenic acid)(Yang,S.W.,Shen,Y.C.,and Chen,C.H.1996.Steroids and triterpenoids ofAntrodia cinnamomea
-a fungus parasitic onCinnamomum micranthum
.Phytochemistry.41:1389-1392)。
雖然由目前諸多之實驗可得知牛樟芝萃取物具有前述功效,且其所含成分亦陸續被分析出,但究竟牛樟芝萃取物中何種有效成分可抑制B型肝炎病毒感染並治療與B型肝炎病毒相關之肝臟疾病,仍有待進一步實驗研究來釐清,故若能找出牛樟芝萃取物中所含真正有效抑制B型肝炎病毒之成分,對於急性肝炎、慢性肝炎、肝硬化以及肝癌等與B型肝炎病毒相關肝臟疾病之治療將產生莫大的助益。
為明瞭牛樟芝萃取物中究竟是何成分可有效抑制B型肝炎病毒感染,本發明由牛樟芝萃取物中分離純化出具式(1)結構式之化合物;
其中,X係氧(O)或硫(S),Y係氧或硫;R1
係氫基(H)、甲基(CH3
)或(CH2
)m
-CH3
,R2
係氫基、甲基或(CH2
)m
-CH3
,R3
係氫基、甲基或(CH2
)m
-CH3
,m=1~12;n=1~12。
如式(1)結構式之化合物中,較佳者為如下所示式(2)之化合物:
式(2)之化合物,其化學名為4-羥基-2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基-5(3,7,11-三甲基-2,6,10-十二碳三烯)-2-環己烯酮(4-hydroxy-2,3-dimethoxy-6-methy-5(3,7,11-trimethyl-dod eca-2,6,10-trienyl)-cyclohex-2-enone),分子式為C24
H38
O4
,外觀為淡黃色粉末狀,分子量為390。
本發明中式(1)、式(2)之化合物係分離純化自牛樟芝水萃取物或有機溶劑萃取物,有機溶劑可包括醇類(例如甲醇、乙醇或丙醇)、酯類(例如乙酸乙酯)、烷類(例如己烷)或鹵烷(例如氯甲烷、氯乙烷),但並不以此為限,其中較佳者為醇類,更佳者為乙醇。
藉由前述化合物,本發明係將其應用於抑制B型肝炎病毒感染上,使能進一步用於治療B型肝炎病毒所致相關肝臟疾病之醫藥組成物中,增益急性肝炎、慢性肝炎、肝硬化以及肝癌等與B型肝炎病毒相關之肝臟疾病的治療效果。結果顯示,當以本發明式(1)或/與式(2)之化合物處理可分泌具感染能力之B型肝炎病毒的肝癌細胞株HepG2 2.2.15時,其可有效抑制該肝癌細胞株之細胞相對存活率,並降低由B型肝炎病毒所生成之B型肝炎表面抗原(HbsAg)以及B型肝炎外套膜抗原(HbeAg)的生成量,達到抑制B型肝炎病毒複製及分泌之目的,進而可將由天然成分所萃取出之該化合物利用於與B型肝炎病毒相關之肝臟疾病的治療上。
另一方面,本發明中亦可將式(1)或/與式(2)之化合物利用於治療B型肝炎病毒所致相關肝臟疾病之醫藥組成物的成分中,藉以抑制B型肝炎病毒的複製及分泌,進而減緩急性或慢性肝炎感染,並降低肝炎帶原者轉變為肝硬化或肝癌而死亡的發生率。前述醫藥組成物除包括有效劑量之式(1)或/與式(2)之化合物外,尚可包括藥學上可接受的載體。載體可為賦形劑(如水)、填充劑(如蔗糖或澱粉)、黏合劑(如纖維素衍生物)、稀釋劑、崩解劑、吸收促進劑或甜味劑,但並未僅限於此。本發明醫藥組成物可依一般習知藥學之製備方法生產製造,將式(1)或/與式(2)有效成分劑量與一種以上之載體相混合,製備出所需之劑型,此劑型可包括錠劑、粉劑、粒劑、膠囊或其他液體製劑,但未以此為限。
以下將配合圖式進一步說明本發明的實施方式,下述所列舉的實施例係用以闡明本發明,並非用以限定本發明之範圍,任何熟習此技藝者,在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內,當可做些許更動與潤飾,因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。
首先取牛樟芝(Antrodia camphorata
)菌絲體、子實體或二者之混合物,利用習知萃取方式,以水或有機溶劑進行萃取,藉以取得牛樟芝水萃取物或有機溶劑萃取物。其中,有機溶劑可包括醇類(例如甲醇、乙醇或丙醇)、酯類(例如乙酸乙酯)、烷類(例如己烷)或鹵烷(例如氯甲烷、氯乙烷),但並不以此為限。其中較佳者為醇類,更佳者為乙醇。
經萃取過後之牛樟芝水萃取物或有機溶劑萃取物,可進一步藉由高效液相層析加以分離純化,之後再對每一分液(fraction)進行抑制B型肝炎病毒複製之相關生化測試。最後,則針對具抑制B型肝炎病毒複製效果之分液進行成分分析,再進一步分別做相關之生化測試,例如:各分液中所含有效成份對於肝癌細胞株HepG2 2.2.15之細胞毒性之影響以及檢測B型肝炎表面抗原(HbsAg)與B型肝炎外套膜抗原(HbeAg)含量等測試。最終即發現本發明中如式(1)/式(2)之化合物係具有抑制B型肝炎病毒複製之效果。
為方便說明本發明,以下將以式(2)之4-羥基-2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基-5(3,7,11-三甲基-2,6,10-十二碳三烯)-2-環己烯酮化合物進行說明。此外,為證實4-羥基-2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基-5(3,7,11-三甲基-2,6,10-十二碳三烯)-2-環己烯酮化合物對肝癌細胞HepG2 2.2.15生長之細胞毒性影響,並研究該牛樟芝環己烯酮化合物是否可有效抑制B型肝炎病毒之複製,本發明中係以MTT分析法,根據美國國家癌症研究所(National Cancer Institute,NCI)抗腫瘤藥物篩檢模式,對肝癌細胞HepG2 2.2.15進行細胞存活率之測試,並利用半定量酵素免疫分析法偵測由B型肝炎病毒所分泌之B型肝炎表面抗原(HbsAg)以及B型肝炎外套膜抗原(HbeAg)的含量。由該些測試證實,牛樟芝環己烯酮化合物可降低肝癌腫瘤細胞HepG2 2.2.15之存活率,並有效抑制B型肝炎表面抗原(HbsAg)以及B型肝炎外套膜抗原(HbeAg)的形成,進而達到抑制B型肝炎病毒複製與分泌之目的。茲對前述實施方式詳盡說明如下:
4-羥基-2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基-5(3,7,11-三甲基-2,6,10-十二碳三烯)-2-環己烯酮的分離將100克左右之牛樟芝菌絲體、子實體或二者之混合物,置入三角錐形瓶中,加入適當比例的水與醇類(例如70%以上之醇類水溶液,於20~25℃下攪拌萃取至少1小時以上,之後以濾紙及0.45 μm濾膜過濾,收集萃取液。
將前述收集之牛樟芝萃取液,利用高效能液相層析儀(High Performance Liquid chromatography),以RP18的層析管(column)進行分析,並以甲醇(A)及0.1%~0.5%醋酸水溶液(B)做為移動相(mobile phase)(其溶液比例係:0~10分鐘,B比例為95%~20%;10~20分鐘,B比例為20%~10%;20~35分鐘,B比例為10%~10%;35~40分鐘,B比例為10%~95%),在每分鐘1 ml之速度下沖提,同時以紫外-可見光全波長偵測器分析。
將25分鐘至30分鐘之沖提液收集濃縮即可得淡黃色粉末狀之固體產物,此即4-羥基-2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基-5(3,7,11-三甲基-2,6,10-十二碳三烯)-2-環己烯酮。經分析,其分子式為C24
H38
O4
,分子量390,熔點(m.p.)為48℃~52℃。核磁共振(NMR)分析值則如下所示:1
H-NMR(CDCl3
)δ(ppm):1.51、1.67、1.71、1.75、1.94、2.03、2.07、2.22、2.25、3.68、4.05、5.07與5.14。13
C-NMR(CDCl3
)δ(ppm):12.31、16.1、16.12、17.67、25.67、26.44、26.74、27.00、39.71、39.81、4.027、43.34、59.22、60.59、120.97、123.84、124.30、131.32、135.35、135.92、138.05、160.45與197.12。
牛樟芝環己烯酮化合物體外對肝癌腫瘤細胞之毒性測試為進一步測試實施例1中之牛樟芝環己烯酮化合物對肝癌腫瘤細胞之抑制效果,本實施例係根據美國國家癌症研究所(National Cancer Institute,NCI)抗腫瘤藥物篩檢模式進行之,首先取實施例1中所分離之4-羥基-2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基-5(3,7,11-三甲基-2,6,10-十二碳三烯)-2-環己烯酮,加入HepG2 2.2.15人類肝腫瘤細胞培養液中,進行腫瘤細胞存活性之測試。細胞存活性之測試可採習知之MTT分析法進行分析,而HepG2 2.2.15係為人類之肝癌腫瘤細胞系,且該細胞係可分泌具感染能力之B型肝炎病毒。
MTT分析法是一種常見用於分析細胞增生(cell proliferation)、存活率(percent of viable cells)以及細胞毒性(cytotoxicity)的分析方法。其中,MTT(3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide)為一黃色染劑,它可被活細胞吸收並被粒腺體中的琥珀酸四唑還原酶(succinate tetrazolium reductase)還原成不溶水性且呈藍紫色的formazan,因此藉由formazan形成與否,即可判斷並計算細胞之存活率。
首先將人類肝癌細胞HepG2 2.2.1置於含有10%胎牛血清以及200 μg/ml抗生素G418之僅含12種必需氨基酸、谷氨酸胺和8種維生素的低限量基礎培養基(minimum essential medium,MEM)(Gibco Co.,USA)中培養24小時。將增生後之細胞以PBS清洗一次,並以1倍之胰蛋白酶-EDTA處理細胞,隨後於1,200 rpm下離心5分鐘,將細胞沈澱並丟棄上清液。之後加入10 ml的新培養液,輕微搖晃使細胞再次懸浮,再將5000個細胞分置於96孔微量盤內。測試時,分別於每一孔內加入以二甲基硫酸(dimethyl sulfoxide,DMSO)所配製之0.1、1、10 μg/ml牛樟芝粗萃取物(對照組,未經純化分離之牛樟芝乙醇總萃取物)以及4-羥基-2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基-5(3,7,11-三甲基-2,6,10-十二碳三烯)-2-環己烯酮(實驗組),並以完全不添加任何物質者為控制組,於37℃、5% CO2
下培養22小時。其後,於避光的環境下於每一孔內加入2.5 mg/ml的MTT,反應2小時後,移除培養基,並加入50 μl二甲基硫酸(DMSO)溶解結晶。最後以酵素免疫分析儀在570nm吸光波長下測定其吸光值,並將此測得數值與未經處理之控制組的細胞數值相比較,藉以計算得細胞相對之存活率(%),其結果如圖一所示。
請參閱第一圖,該圖係本發明實施例所分離出之4-羥基-2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基-5(3,7,11-三甲基-2,6,10-十二碳三烯)-2-環己烯酮對人類肝癌細胞HepG2 2.2.1存活率的影響結果。由圖一中可知,相對於對照組牛樟芝粗萃取物之細胞相對存活率結果,4-羥基-2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基-5(3,7,11-三甲基-2,6,10-十二碳三烯)-2-環己烯酮係可有效降低人類肝癌細胞HepG2 2.2.1之存活率,且經濃度為10 μg/ml牛樟芝環己烯酮化合物處理後之癌細胞存活率可低至約81%以下,因此可證實分離自牛樟芝萃取物之4-羥基-2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基-5(3,7,11-三甲基-2,6,10-十二碳三烯)-2-環己烯酮確實能夠利用於肝癌腫瘤細胞HepG2 2.2.1生長之抑制。
牛樟芝環己烯酮化合物體外對B型肝炎表面抗原(HbsAg)以及B型肝炎外套膜抗原(HbeAg)生成量之影響為測試實施例1分離純化出之牛樟芝環己烯酮化合物對B型肝炎病毒所產生之B型肝炎表面抗原(HbsAg)以及B型肝炎外套膜抗原(HbeAg)生成量的影響,本實施例係先培養人類肝癌細胞HepG2 2.2.1,並於此細胞之培養基中加入牛樟芝環己烯酮化合物,再以半定量之酵素免疫分析法(enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assy,ELISA)檢測培養基中B型肝炎表面抗原(HbsAg)以及B型肝炎外套膜抗原(HbeAg)之生成量,藉由此兩病毒指標來評估牛樟芝環己烯酮化合物可否有效抑制B型肝炎病毒。其中,HepG2 2.2.1細胞係為利用包含B型肝炎病毒基因組(HBV genome)的質體轉染人類肝腫瘤細胞株HepG2,並經過抗生素G418篩選所得可分泌B型肝炎表面抗原(HbsAg)、B型肝炎外套膜抗原(HbeAg)、核蛋白衣(nucleocapsid)以及病毒顆粒(virion)之細胞株(Sells,M.A.,Chen,M.L.and Acs,G.1987.Production of hepatitis B virus particles in HepG2 cells transfected with cloned hepatitis B virus DNA.Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA.84:1005-1009)。
首先將人類肝癌細胞HepG2 2.2.1置於含有10%胎牛血清以及200 μg/ml抗生素G418之MEM培養基(Gibco Co.,USA)中培養24小時。將增生後之細胞以PBS清洗一次,並以1倍之胰蛋白酶-EDTA處理細胞,隨後於1,200 rpm下離心5分鐘,將細胞沈澱並丟棄上清液。之後加入10 ml的新培養液,輕微搖晃使細胞再次懸浮,再將5000個細胞分置於96孔微量盤內。測試時,分別於每一孔內加入以二甲基硫酸(dimethyl sulfoxide,DMSO)配置且濃度分別為0.1、1、10 μg/ml之牛樟芝粗萃取物(對照組,未經純化分離之牛樟芝乙醇總萃取物)以及4-羥基-2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基-5(3,7,11-三甲基-2,6,10-十二碳三烯)-2-環己烯酮,並以完全不添加任何物質者為控制組,於37℃、5% CO2
下培養22小時。再取適量之各培養液,藉由抗人類B型肝炎病毒表面抗原之單株抗體及抗人類B型肝炎病毒外套膜抗原之多源抗體的酵素免疫檢驗試劑分析套組(general biologicals corp.,Taiwan,ROC.),利用抗體-抗原-抗體酵素接合體之三明治複合體,以含過氧化氫的燐苯二氨(O-phenylenediamine,OPD)溶液呈色之,再以酵素免疫分析儀於450 nm之波長下,測得培養液中B型肝炎表面抗原(HbsAg)以及B型肝炎外套膜抗原(HbeAg)之含量,其陰性判定係依照以下公式:cutoff value=O.D.negative control
+0.025,其中若OD450
之吸光值超過此值則為陽性,其結果係如第二圖與第三圖中所示。
請參閱第二圖,該圖係為本發明實施例所分離出4-羥基-2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基-5(3,7,11-三甲基-2,6,10-十二碳三烯)-2-環己烯酮對B型肝炎表面抗原(HbsAg)生成量之影響結果,由圖中結果顯示,相對於對照組牛樟芝粗萃取物之B型肝炎表面抗原(HbsAg)生成量結果,4-羥基-2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基-5(3,7,11-三甲基-2,6,10-十二碳三烯)-2-環己烯酮可有效抑制B型肝炎表面抗原(HbsAg)之生成,且隨著牛樟芝環己烯酮化合物施予濃度的增加,B型肝炎表面抗原(HbsAg)的生成量便隨之下降,經前述各濃度牛樟芝環己烯酮化合物處理後之B型肝炎表面抗原(HbsAg)生成量可降低至60%以下,其中又以濃度為10 μg/ml牛樟芝環己烯酮化合物對B型肝炎表面抗原(HbsAg)生成量之抑制效果為最佳,其B型肝炎表面抗原(HbsAg)生成量可低至28%以下,因此可證實由牛樟芝萃取物中分離出之4-羥基-2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基-5(3,7,11-三甲基-2,6,10-十二碳三烯)-2-環己烯酮確實能夠有效降低B型肝炎表面抗原(HbsAg)之生成量,此亦顯示牛樟芝環己烯酮化合物係具有抑制B型肝炎病毒繁殖之功效。
請參閱第三圖,該圖係為本發明實施例所分離出4-羥基-2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基-5(3,7,11-三甲基-2,6,10-十二碳三烯)-2-環己烯酮對B型肝炎外套膜抗原(HbeAg)生成量之影響結果。由圖中結果可知,相對於對照組牛樟芝粗萃取物之B型肝炎外套膜抗原(HbeAg)生成量結果,4-羥基-2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基-5(3,7,11-三甲基-2,6,10-十二碳三烯)-2-環己烯酮可有效抑制B型肝炎外套膜抗原(HbeAg)之生成,經牛樟芝環己烯酮化合物處理後之B型肝炎外套膜抗原(HbeAg)生成量可低至84%以下,其中又以濃度為1 μg/ml之牛樟芝環己烯酮化合物對B型肝炎外套膜抗原(HbeAg)生成量之抑制效果為最佳,其B型肝炎外套膜抗原(HbeAg)生成量可低至57%以下,因此可證實由牛樟芝萃取物中分離出之4-羥基-2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基-5(3,7,11-三甲基-2,6,10-十二碳三烯)-2-環己烯酮確實能夠有效降低B型肝炎外套膜抗原(HbeAg)之生成量。
另一方面,相對於前述4-羥基-2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基-5(3,7,11-三甲基-2,6,10-十二碳三烯)-2-環己烯酮對HepG2 2.2.15細胞毒性測試之結果(請參閱第一圖)可觀察到,該牛樟芝環己烯酮化合物抑制B型肝炎表面抗原(HbsAg)以及B型肝炎外套膜抗原(HbeAg)生成量之數值係相對高於該牛樟芝環己烯酮化合物抑制人類肝癌細胞HepG2 2.2.15存活率之數值,此表示4-羥基-2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基-5(3,7,11-三甲基-2,6,10-十二碳三烯)-2-環己烯酮對B型肝炎表面抗原(HbsAg)以及B型肝炎外套膜抗原(HbeAg)生成量之抑制效果並非因其對細胞具毒性所致。
綜上所述,本發明自牛樟芝萃取物中所分離出之新4-羥基-2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基-5(3,7,11-三甲基-2,6,10-十二碳三烯)-2-環己烯酮係可有效抑制人類肝癌腫瘤細胞HepG2 2.2.15之存活率,且可抑制B型肝炎表面抗原(HbsAg)以及B型肝炎外套膜抗原(HbeAg)的形成,因此該些化合物係可用於抑制B型肝炎病毒之複製與分泌,同時可利用於與B型肝炎病毒相關之肝臟疾病的治療上。另外,亦可將其製備成醫藥組成物,此醫藥組成物除包含有效劑量之4-羥基-2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基-5(3,7,11-三甲基-2,6,10-十二碳三烯)-2-環己烯酮外,尚可包括藥學上可接受的載體。載體可為賦形劑(如水)、填充劑(如蔗糖或澱粉)、黏合劑(如纖維素衍生物)、稀釋劑、崩解劑、吸收促進劑或甜味劑,但並未僅限於此。本發明醫藥組成物可依一般習知藥學之製備方法生產製造,將有效成分劑量之該些牛樟芝化合物與一種以上之載體相混合,製備出所需之劑型,此劑型可包括錠劑、粉劑、粒劑、膠囊或其他液體製劑,但未以此為限。
第一圖係本發明實施例所分離出4-羥基-2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基-5(3,7,11-三甲基-2,6,10-十二碳三烯)-2-環己烯酮對人類肝癌細胞HepG2 2.2.1存活率之影響結果。(A)圖係4-羥基-2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基-5(3,7,11-三甲基-2,6,10-十二碳三烯)-2-環己烯酮;(B)圖係牛樟芝粗萃取物。垂直線代表三次獨立試驗之標準偏差值。
第二圖係本發明實施例所分離出4-羥基-2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基-5(3,7,11-三甲基-2,6,10-十二碳三烯)-2-環己烯酮對B型肝炎表面抗原(HbsAg)生成量之影響結果。(A)圖係4-羥基-2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基-5(3,7,11-三甲基-2,6,10-十二碳三烯)-2-環己烯酮;(B)圖係牛樟芝粗萃取物。垂直線代表三次獨立試驗之標準偏差值。
第三圖係本發明實施例所分離出4-羥基-2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基-5(3,7,11-三甲基-2,6,10-十二碳三烯)-2-環己烯酮對B型肝炎外套膜抗原(HbeAg)生成量之影響結果。(A)圖係4-羥基-2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基-5(3,7,11-三甲基-2,6,10-十二碳三烯)-2-環己烯酮;(B)圖係牛樟芝粗萃取物。垂直線代表三次獨立試驗之標準偏差值。
Claims (6)
- 一種具有下列結構式之化合物在製備用於抑制B型肝炎病毒之藥物的應用,
其中,X係氧(O)或硫(S),Y係氧或硫;R1 係氫基(H)、甲基(CH3 )或(CH2 )m -CH3 ,R2 係氫基、甲基或(CH2 )m -CH3 ,R3 係氫基、甲基或(CH2 )m -CH3 ,m=1~12;n=1~12。 - 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之應用,其中該化合物係4-羥基-2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基-5-(3,7,11-三甲基-2,6,10-十二碳三烯)-2-環己烯酮(4-hydroxy-2,3-dimethoxy-6-methy-5(3,7,11-trymethyl-dodeca-2,6,10-trienyl)-cyclohex-2-enone)。
- 如申請專利範圍第2項所述之應用,其中該化合物係由牛樟芝之乙醇萃取物中所分離製得。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項所述之應用,其中該化合物係藉由降低B型肝炎表面抗原(HbsAg)以及B型肝炎外套膜抗原(HbeAg)之生成量而可抑制B型肝炎病毒。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項所述之應用,其中該化合物降低B型肝炎表面抗原(HbsAg)生成量之較佳使用濃度係為10 μg/ml。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項所述之應用,其中該化合物降低B型肝炎外套膜抗原(HbeAg)生成量之較佳使用濃度係為1 μg/ml。
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| TW096124892A TWI394575B (zh) | 2007-07-09 | 2007-07-09 | Application of Cynanchum auranthone Cyclohexenone Compounds in the Preparation of Drugs for the Suppression of Hepatitis B Virus |
| JP2007203975A JP5085222B2 (ja) | 2007-07-09 | 2007-08-06 | B型肝炎ウィルスの抑制に用いるベニクスノキタケシクロヘキサンケトン化合物 |
| US11/842,795 US7411003B1 (en) | 2007-07-09 | 2007-08-21 | Inhibition of Hepatitis B virus by cyclohexenone compounds from Antrodia camphorata |
| KR1020070086411A KR101218510B1 (ko) | 2007-07-09 | 2007-08-28 | 안트로디아 캄포라타로부터 얻은 시클로헥세논 화합물에의한 b형 간염 바이러스의 억제 |
| DE102007043187A DE102007043187A1 (de) | 2007-07-09 | 2007-09-11 | Inhibierung des Hepatitis B-Virus durch Cyclohexenonverbindungen aus Antrodia camphorata |
| GB0724754.7A GB2450949B (en) | 2007-07-09 | 2007-12-19 | Inhibition of hepatitis B virus by cyclohexenone compounds from antrodia camphorata |
| FR0802140A FR2918663A1 (fr) | 2007-07-09 | 2008-04-17 | Cyclohexenones d'antrodia camphorata pour le traitement du virus de l'hepatite b et compositions pharmaceutiques les contenant |
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| TWI394575B (zh) * | 2007-07-09 | 2013-05-01 | Golden Biotechnology Corp | Application of Cynanchum auranthone Cyclohexenone Compounds in the Preparation of Drugs for the Suppression of Hepatitis B Virus |
| JP5203644B2 (ja) * | 2007-07-13 | 2013-06-05 | 國鼎生物科技股▲ふん▼有限公司 | 自己免疫疾病の治療に用いるベニクスノキタケ由来の化合物 |
| EP2329816B1 (en) | 2009-11-26 | 2016-04-13 | National Taiwan University | An anti-cancer active substance from antrodia camphorata, method for preparing the same and use thereof |
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| CA2800329A1 (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2013-06-30 | Golden Biotechnology Corporation | Methods and compositions for treating diabetes |
| CN102603619B (zh) * | 2012-02-15 | 2013-09-18 | 合肥工业大学 | 一种具有抗癌活性的化合物及其制备方法 |
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| WO2016161268A1 (en) | 2015-04-01 | 2016-10-06 | Enanta Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Hepatitis b antviral agents |
| WO2017011552A1 (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2017-01-19 | Enanta Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Hepatitis b antiviral agents |
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| DE102007043187A1 (de) | 2009-01-15 |
| JP5085222B2 (ja) | 2012-11-28 |
| GB0724754D0 (en) | 2008-01-30 |
| FR2918663A1 (fr) | 2009-01-16 |
| KR101218510B1 (ko) | 2013-01-03 |
| KR20090005932A (ko) | 2009-01-14 |
| US7411003B1 (en) | 2008-08-12 |
| TW200902041A (en) | 2009-01-16 |
| JP2009013152A (ja) | 2009-01-22 |
| GB2450949B (en) | 2012-04-11 |
| GB2450949A (en) | 2009-01-14 |
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