TWI383805B - 安定的維生素c組合物 - Google Patents
安定的維生素c組合物 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI383805B TWI383805B TW096106546A TW96106546A TWI383805B TW I383805 B TWI383805 B TW I383805B TW 096106546 A TW096106546 A TW 096106546A TW 96106546 A TW96106546 A TW 96106546A TW I383805 B TWI383805 B TW I383805B
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- composition
- ascorbic acid
- oil
- room temperature
- stored
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- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 title claims description 248
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Description
本發明通常係關於可用於安定維生素C之組合物及方法。
維生素C為局部應用時可有益於皮膚之抗氧化劑。維生素C之局部使用可補充防曬保護且提供額外抗癌保護。(Pinnel,2003;Humbert 2001)。維生素C之局部應用可提供抵抗陽光損害之額外保護(Lin等人,2003)。維生素C已顯示對人類起皺現象產生臨床上可見且統計學上顯著之改良(Fitzpatrick等人,2002)。
雖然局部維生素C應用可有益於皮膚外觀及健康,但問題在於限制維生素C在化妝組合物中之使用。詳言之,維生素C在局部組合物中可能難以安定。例如,美國專利第2,400,171號揭示抗壞血酸轉化為其鈣或鋅鹽以維持安定水溶液。美國專利第6,146,664號解釋製備安定的維生素C組合物存在困難係由於抗壞血酸為在結構之第二與第三個碳原子之間具有雙鍵之α-酮內酯。其在維生素C之第二及第三個碳原子處與羥基組合使得維生素C成為相當強之還原劑。因此,在水性介質中,維生素C由於降解或與其他化合物反應而失去其有益作用。
本發明之一態樣涉及一種包含抗壞血酸或其衍生物、含聚矽氧化合物及/或必需油脂之組合物。該組合物可為無水的。抗壞血酸可為顆粒狀抗壞血酸。抗壞血酸可懸浮及/或大體上不溶於組合物中。顆粒狀抗壞血酸可包括小於約50 μm之粒徑。在其他態樣中,粒徑可為1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、25、30、35、40、45、50、60、70、80、90、100、150、200、250、300、350、400、450、500、550、600、650、700、750、800、850、900、950、1000、2000、3000、4000、5000 μm或5000 μm以上或源於其中之任何數目。在某些實施例中,顆粒狀抗壞血酸為超細粉末(例如具有約75至850 μm粒徑之維生素C粒子)。在某些非限制性態樣中,組合物可包括以總組合物重量計至少約5%至約15%或約7%至約10%之抗壞血酸。然而,如本說明書其他部分中所示,組合物中維生素C之量可延伸至超過該等規定範圍。發明者亦預期本發明之組合物可為含水組合物。在某些態樣中,組合物中任何成份與另一成份相比時之比率(例如維生素C與必需油脂、維生素C與含聚矽氧化合物、含聚矽氧化合物與必需油脂、維生素C與植烷三醇(phytantriol)等)可為以總組合物之重量或體積計約1:1、2:1、3:1、4:1、5:1、6:1、7:1、8:1、9:1、10:1、11:1、12:1、13:1、14:1、15:1、16:1、17:1、18:1、19:1、20:1、21:1、22:1、23:1、24:1、25:1、26:1、27:1、28:1、29:1、30:1、31:1、32:1、33:1、34:1、35:1、36:1、37:1、38:1、39:1、40:1、50:1、60:1、70:1、80:1、90:1、100:1或100:1以上或源於其中之任何數目。在其他態樣中,組合物中任何成份與另一成份相比時之比率(例如維生素C與必需油脂、維生素C與含聚矽氧化合物、含聚矽氧化合物與必需油脂、維生素C與植烷三醇等)可為以總組合物之重量或體積計約1:2、1:3、1:4、1:5、1:6、1:7、1:8、1:9、1:10、1:11、1:12、1:13、1:14、1:15、1:16、1:17、1:18、1:19、1:20、1:21、1:22、1:23、1:24、1:25、1:26、1:27、1:28、1:29、1:30、1:31、1:32、1:33、1:34、1:35、1:36、1:37、1:38、1:39、1:40、1:50、1:60、1:70、1:80、1:90、1:100或1:100以上或源於其中之任何數字。
在其他非限制性實施例中,本發明之組合物包括小於約50重量%之含矽化合物(例如1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21、22、23、24、25、26、27、28、29、30、31、32、33、34、35、36、37、38、39、40、41、42、43、44、45、46、47、48、49%)。本說明書其他部分中涵蓋且提供組合物中含聚矽氧化合物含量之其他範圍。在某些實施例中,含聚矽氧化合物為環甲聚矽氧烷。然而,應意識到預期本說明書其他部分中揭示之其他含聚矽氧化合物及一般熟習此項技術者已知之彼等化合物適用於本發明。在某些態樣中,抗壞血酸懸浮於含聚矽氧化合物或必需油脂中,或懸浮於兩者中。
可用於本發明上下文中之必需油脂之非限制性實例包括本說明書中識別之彼等及一般熟習此項技術者已知之彼等。例如,必需油脂可為芝麻油、澳洲胡桃油(macadamia nut oil)、茶樹油、月見草油(evening primrose oil)、西班牙鼠尾草油(Spanish sage oil)、西班牙迷迭香油(Spanish rosemary oil)、芫荽籽油(Coriander oil)、百里香油(Thyme oil)或多香果油(Pimento berries oil)。在其他態樣中,必需油脂可為至少2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21、22、23、24、25、30、40或50或50種以上本發明所涵蓋之不同必需油脂之組合。在某些態樣中,本發明之組合物可包括所有以下必需油脂之組合:芝麻油、澳洲胡桃油、茶樹油、月見草油、西班牙鼠尾草油、西班牙迷迭香油、芫荽籽油、百里香油及多香果油。在某些實施例中,本發明之組合物不包括非揮發性油。
在另一非限制性實施例中,本發明之組合物可包括增稠劑,包括稠化劑或膠凝劑。在某些態樣中,增稠劑為三羥基硬脂或氫化聚異丁烯或兩者之組合。然而,應意識到預期本說明書其他部分中揭示之其他增稠劑及一般熟習此項技術者已知之彼等增稠劑適用於本發明。在某些非限制性實施例中,本發明之組合物包括以總組合物重量計至少約5%至約15%或約7%至約10%之增稠劑。然而,如本說明書其他部分中所示,組合物中增稠劑之含量可延伸至超過該等規定範圍。
在本發明之其他態樣中,組合物不為乳液。在某些實施例中,組合物不包括乳化劑或界面活性劑或兩者。然而,如本說明書其他部分中所解釋,組合物可為乳液且可包括乳化劑或界面活性劑或兩者。在非限制性態樣中,組合物可具有約6至約9之pH值。在其他態樣中,pH值可為1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13或14。
本發明之組合物亦可安定儲存(例如在儲存期間及/或之後各成份可保持安定或活性)。在某些態樣中,當在室溫下儲存至少1、2、3、4、5或6天、1、2、3或4週、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11或12個月或1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9或10或10年以上時,組合物安定儲存。在其他非限制性實施例中,當組合物在室溫下儲存至少1、2、3、4、5或6天、1、2、3或4週、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11或12個月或1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9或10或10年以上時,組合物中之抗壞血酸可保持安定或活性。在另一非限制性態樣中,至少1、5、10、15、20、30、40、50、60、70、80、90、95、96、97、98、99或100%初始量之抗壞血酸在組合物於室溫下儲存至少1、2、3、4、5或6天、1、2、3或4週、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11或12個月或1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9或10或10年以上之後保持安定。
在其他非限制性實施例中,本發明之組合物可調配成化妝組合物。組合物可經調配以供局部應用於皮膚。組合物可包括於化妝媒劑中。化妝媒劑之非限制性實例揭示於本說明書其他部分中且為熟習此項技術者已知。化妝媒劑之實例包括乳液(例如水包油及油包水乳液)、乳霜、洗液、溶液(例如含水或水-醇性溶液)、無水基劑(例如唇膏或散劑)、凝膠及軟膏。在其他非限制性實施例中,本發明之組合物可包括於抗老化、清潔或保濕產品中。組合物亦可經調配以包括無水非極性有機溶劑。在某些態樣中,無水非極性有機溶劑包含環甲聚矽氧烷或三羥基硬脂或兩者之組合。組合物亦可經調配以用於局部皮膚應用,在使用期間每天至少1、2、3、4、5、6、7或7次以上。在其他實施例中,本發明之組合物可經調配為食品組合物、醫藥組合物、可注射組合物等。
在某些態樣中,本發明之組合物包括約7%至約10重量%之s抗壞血酸或其衍生物、約20%至約30重量%之含聚矽氧化合物及約40%至約50重量%之必需油脂或必需油脂混合物。組合物亦可包括約7%至約10重量%之稠化劑。
在其他實施例中,組合物可包括維生素E。維生素E可為生育酚或乙酸生育酚酯。組合物可包括維生素A。維生素A可為維生素A棕櫚酸酯、棕櫚酸視網酯或視黃酸。組合物可包括β胡蘿蔔素、植烷三醇(目錄號:74563-64-7)或三酸甘油脂。非限制性三酸甘油脂包括本說明書其他部分中識別之彼等及一般熟習此項技術者已知之彼等。該等三酸甘油脂之實例包括小、中等及大鏈三酸甘油脂。在某些態樣中,三酸甘油脂為中等鏈三酸甘油脂(例如辛酸/癸酸三酸甘油脂)。組合物亦可包括防腐劑。防腐劑之非限制性實例包括對羥基苯甲酸甲酯、對羥基苯甲酸丙酯或對羥基苯甲酸甲酯與對羥基苯甲酸丙酯之混合物。
在本發明之又一態樣中,發明者涵蓋一種治療或預防皮膚病症之方法,該方法包含對皮膚局部應用本發明之組合物。皮膚病症之非限制性實例包括瘙癢、靜脈曲張、雀斑、老年斑、老年性紫癜、角化症、黑斑、斑點病、細線或皺紋、結節、皮膚曬傷、皮炎(包括(但不限於)脂溢性皮炎、鱗屑性皮炎、接觸性皮炎、異位性皮炎、剝脫性皮炎、口周皮炎及鬱滯性皮炎)、牛皮癬、毛囊炎、紅斑痤瘡、粉刺、膿皰瘡、丹毒、紅癬、濕疹等。在某些非限制性態樣中,皮膚病症可由曝露於UV光、年齡、輻射、長期陽光曝曬、環境污染物、空氣污染、風、冷、熱、化學物、疾病病狀、吸煙或缺乏營養引起。皮膚可為面部皮膚或非面部皮膚(例如臂、腿、手、胸、背、腳等)。該方法可進一步包含識別需要皮膚治療之個人。個人可為男性或女性。個人年齡可為至少1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、15、20、25、30、35、40、45、50、55、60、65、70、75、80、85、90、95或95歲以上或源於其中之任何範圍。該方法亦可包括局部應用有效量以:增加皮膚之角質層轉換速率;增加纖維母細胞中之膠原蛋白合成;增加細胞抗氧化防護機制(例如外源性添加抗氧化劑可支持、補充或預防皮膚細胞(例如角質化細胞、黑素細胞、郎格漢氏細胞(langerhans cell)等)中諸如過氧化氫酶及麩胱甘肽之細胞抗氧化劑之丟失,其將減少或預防對皮膚、細胞、蛋白及脂質之氧化性損害);抑制黑素細胞中之黑色素產生;減少或預防對皮膚之氧化性損害(包括減少皮膚中脂質過氧化物及/或蛋白氧化之量)。在某些實施例中,該方法包括每天至少1、2、3、4、5、6、7或7次以上對皮膚應用此組合物。
本發明之另一實施例涉及一種製備儲存安定的維生素C組合物之方法。該方法可包括獲得抗壞血酸或抗壞血酸之衍生物、獲得含聚矽氧化合物、獲得必需油脂、混合抗壞血酸或抗壞血酸之衍生物、含聚矽氧化合物及必需油脂以獲得組合物,其中該組合物中之抗壞血酸(或抗壞血酸衍生物)為安定或活性的。在某些態樣中,當組合物在室溫下儲存至少1、2、3、4、5或6天、1、2、3或4週、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11或12個月或1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9或10或10年以上時,至少1、5、10、15、20、30、40、50、60、70、80、90、95、96、97、98、99或100%初始量之抗壞血酸(或其衍生物)保持安定或活性。在某些態樣中,抗壞血酸為顆粒狀抗壞血酸。抗壞血酸可不溶於組合物中。組合物可為無水的。組合物可包括本說明書中識別之其他特徵或成份及一般熟習此項技術者已知之彼等。
發明者亦預期一種包括本發明組合物之套組。在某些實施例中,組合物包含於一容器中。容器可為瓶子、分配器或封裝。容器可分配預定量之組合物。在某些態樣中,以噴霧、團塊或液體形式分配組合物。容器在其表面上可包括標誌。標誌可為單詞、縮寫、圖片或符號。
發明者亦預期一種包含本發明組合物之產品。在非限制性態樣中,產品可為化妝產品。化妝產品可為本說明書其他部分中所述之彼等或熟習此項技術者已知之彼等。產品之非限制性實例包括保濕劑、乳霜、洗液、皮膚軟化劑、粉底霜、晚霜、唇膏、清潔劑、調色劑、防曬霜、遮光劑或抗老化產品。
預期本說明書中論述之任何實施例可根據本發明之任何方法或組合物來實施,且反之,本說明書中未論述之任何實施例均不可根據本發明之任何方法或組合物來實施。此外,本發明之組合物可用於達成本發明之方法。
"揮發性油"括在常溫或室溫下不蒸發之彼等物質。
術語"維生素C"或"抗壞血酸"包括L-抗壞血酸及其衍生物。
術語"溶解"或該等術語之任何變化形式意謂抗壞血酸部分或完全溶解於本發明之組合物中。
術語"懸浮"或該等術語之任何變化形式引起抗壞血酸部分或完全分散於本發明之組合物中。
"室溫"包括給定房間(例如實驗室、藥箱、浴室等)之周圍溫度,且在大多數正常情況下該術語應包含約20℃至約25℃之溫度。
術語"混合"或該等術語之任何變化形式在用於申請專利範圍及/或說明書中時包括攪拌、摻合、分散、研磨、勻化及其他類似方法。混合所揭示組合物之組份或成份可形成溶液。在其他實施例中,混合物可不形成溶液。成份/組份亦可以未溶解膠狀懸浮液形式存在。
術語"約"定義為與一般熟習此項技術者之理解接近且在一非限制性實施例中,該等術語界定在10%、5%、1%或0.5%以內。
術語"上"其變化形式定義為如一般熟習此項技術者所理解而指定之大部分但不必完全,且在一非限制性實施例中,大體上係指10%、5%、1%或0.5%以內之範圍。
術語"抑制"、"降低"或"預防"或該等術語之任何變化形式在用於申請專利範圍及/或說明書中時包括任何可量測之減少或完全抑制以達成所要結果。
術語"有效"(當此術語用於說明書及/或申請專利範圍中時)意謂足夠達成所要、期望或希望之結果。
在申請專利範圍及/或說明書中當與術語"包含"聯合使用時,使用單詞"一"可能意謂"一個",但其亦與"一或多個"、"至少一個"及"一或一個以上"之含義一致。
除非明確指出僅表示替代狀況或相互排除替代狀況,否則在申請專利範圍中使用術語"或"意謂"及/或",雖然揭示內容支持僅表示替代狀況及"及/或"之定義。
如本說明書及申請專利範圍中所用之單詞"包含"、"具有"、"包括"或"含有"為包括性或無限制的,且不排除額外未引用之元素或方法步驟。
本發明之其他目標、特徵及優勢將由以下實施方式顯而易見。然而,應瞭解實施方式及實例在表示本發明之特定實施例時僅以說明之方式給出。此外,預期本發明之精神及範疇內之改變及修正將為熟習此項技術者自該實施方式顯而易見。
在當今影像意識社會中,人們不斷尋找可改良其皮膚視覺外觀之產品。維生素C已顯示對人類皮膚具有諸多有益作用。例如,由於其抗氧化劑特性,其具有抑制毒性自由基損害皮膚之能力。這對於吸煙或經常在吸煙者周圍或曝露於過量陽光或空氣污染(亦即皮膚自由基損害之已知原因)之人們可能很重要。
維生素C亦為產生皮膚膠原蛋白(一種提供皮膚彈性之蛋白)之基本營養物。當人們變老時,皮膚之膠原蛋白含量下降。此外,陽光曝曬可加速皮膚年齡相關之膠原蛋白損失。維生素C可幫助減少或甚至逆轉皮膚膠原蛋白含量之該年齡相關性下降。
此外,維生素C已顯示再生皮膚之維生素E含量。與維生素C類似,維生素E具有對保護皮膚有益之抗氧化劑特性。因此,維生素C具有再生皮膚之維生素E含量之能力,其對皮膚抗氧化劑損害提供額外水平之保護。
當人們變老時,其亦經受有限血液循環至皮膚。由此,皮膚可能缺乏自飲食或補充來源獲得之維生素C。因此,局部應用維生素C在人們變老時變得更為重要。
發明者已發現一種無水化妝組合物,其具有長期安定維生素C之能力。在某些非限制性態樣中,組合物可包括:抗壞血酸或其衍生物、含聚矽氧化合物及必需油脂或必需油脂之混合物。本發明之該等及其他態樣在以下部分中進一步詳細描述。
維生素C為水溶性維生素,其可經由糖醛酸途徑從葡萄糖衍生而來。以作為抗氧化劑而言,維生素C可以中和自由基,該等自由基要找到電子以恢復其安定性。維生素C是一種符合自由基電子的來源。因此,維生素C可防止自由基從會對皮膚(例如皮膚細胞、蛋白等)造成大量損害之來源抓取電子。
維生素C之安定形式為抗壞血酸。維生素C之化學名稱為2-側氧基-L-蘇-己醯-1,4-內酯-2,3-烯-二醇(亦稱為抗壞血酸或L-抗壞血酸)。與抗壞血酸相關之CAS編號包括CASNo.50-81-7(L-形式)及62624-30-0。安定維生素C之化學結構為:
亦預期維生素C之衍生物可適用於本發明全文中。在某些態樣中,"衍生物"係指在化學改質之前仍保持化合物(例如維生素C)之所要作用的經化學改質化合物。因此,維生素C衍生物與維生素C之等效之處在於衍生物可保持與維生素C化合物類似之作用。該等衍生物之非限制性實例包括抗壞血酸多肽、二棕櫚酸抗壞血酯、抗壞血基甲基矽烷醇果膠酸酯、棕櫚酸抗壞血酯、硬脂酸抗壞血酯、抗壞血基棕櫚酸鈉、抗壞血基硫酸二鈉、抗壞血酸酯、抗壞血酸鎂、抗壞血基磷酸鎂、甲基矽烷醇抗壞血酸酯、抗壞血基生育酚磷酸鉀、抗壞血酸鈉、抗壞血基糖苷或順丁烯二酸抗壞血基生育酚酯。
發明者亦預期在本發明之上下文中可對維生素C結構進行以下改質。該等改質之非限制性實例包括添加或移除低鏈烷烴(諸如甲基、乙基、丙基)或經取代低鏈烷烴(諸如羥甲基或胺甲基);羧基及羰基;羥基;硝基、胺基、醯胺基及偶氮基;硫酸酯基、磺酸酯基、磺醯基、硫氫基、磺醯基、亞碸基、磷酸酯基、膦醯基、磷醯基及鹵化物取代基。額外改質可包括添加或刪除原子框架之一或多個原子,例如由丙基取代乙基、由較大或較小原子基團取代苯基。或者,在環或雙環結構中,諸如N、S或O之雜原子可代替碳原子取代於結構中。
含聚矽氧化合物在用於本發明上下文中時可具有有益作用。例如,該等化合物具有大體上防止水或氧吸收至組合物中之能力。由於水或氧使維生素C不安定之能力,排除該等元素可有助於維持維生素C之安定性。
在非限制性態樣中,含聚矽氧化合物包括聚合產物家族之任何成員,聚合產物之分子主鏈由矽及具有連接至矽原子之側基的氧原子交替構成。藉由改變-Si-O-鏈長度、側基且交聯,可將聚矽氧合成為多種材料。其稠度可自液體變為凝膠,變為固體。
可用於本發明上下文中之含聚矽氧化合物包括本說明書中所述之彼等或一般熟習此項技術者已知之彼等。非限制性實例包括聚矽氧油(例如揮發性及非揮發性油)、凝膠及固體。在態樣中,含矽化合物包括諸如聚有機矽氧烷之聚矽氧油。聚有機矽氧烷之非限制性實例包括二甲聚矽氧烷、環甲聚矽氧烷、多聚矽氧-11、苯基三甲聚矽氧烷、三甲基矽烷基胺基二甲聚矽氧烷、硬脂氧基三甲基矽烷或該等之混合物及其他任何給定比率之有機矽氧烷材料以視意欲應用(例如至特定區域,諸如皮膚、頭髮或眼睛)而定達成所要稠度及應用特徵。"揮發性聚矽氧油"包括具有低汽化熱(亦即,每公克聚矽氧油通常小於約50卡(cal))之聚矽氧油。揮發性聚矽氧油之非限制性實例包括:環甲聚矽氧烷,諸如Dow Corning 344 Fluid、Dow Corning 345 Fluid、Dow Corning 244 Fluid及Dow Corning 245 Fluid、Volatile Silicon 7207(Union Carbide Corp.,Danbury,Conn.);低黏度二甲聚矽氧烷,亦即具有約50 cst或小於50 cst黏度之二甲聚矽氧烷(例如,諸如Dow Corning 200-0.5 cst Fluid之二甲聚矽氧烷)。Dow Corning Fluid購自Dow Corning Corporation,Midland,Michigan。環甲聚矽氧烷及二甲聚矽氧烷在第三版CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary(以引用方式併入)中分別描述為環狀二甲基聚矽氧烷化合物及以三甲基矽烷氧基單元末端阻斷之完全甲基化線性矽氧烷聚合物之混合物。可用於本發明上下文中之其他非限制性揮發性聚矽氧油包括購自General Electric Co.,Silicone Products Div.,Waterford,N.Y.及Stauffer Chemical Co.之SWS Silicones Div.,Adrian,Michigan之彼等。
必需油脂包括源於草、花、樹及其他植物之油。該等油通常以微滴形式存在於植物細胞之間且可藉由熟習此項技術者已知之若干方法來萃取(例如蒸汽蒸餾、油萃法(亦即,藉由使用脂肪萃取)、浸漬、溶劑萃取或機械擠壓)。當該等類型之油曝露於空氣時,其易於蒸發(亦即揮發性油)。因此,許多必需油脂係無色的,但隨著老化,其可氧化且變暗。必需油脂不溶於水,但溶於醇、醚、不揮發性油(蔬菜)及其他有機溶劑中。必需油脂中所發現之典型物理特徵包括沸點自約160℃變化至240℃且密度自約0.759變化至約1.096。
必需油脂通常由發現油之植物或蔬菜來命名。例如,玫瑰油或薄荷油分別源於玫瑰或薄荷植物。可用於本發明上下文中之必需油脂之非限制性實例包括芝麻油、澳洲胡桃油、茶樹油、月見草油、西班牙鼠尾草油、西班牙迷迭香油、芫荽籽油、百里香油、多香果油、玫瑰油、大茴香油、香膠油、佛手柑油、玫瑰木油、杉木油、甘菊油、鼠尾草油、快樂鼠尾草油、丁香油、絲柏油、尤加利油(eucalyptus oil)、小茴香油、海茴香油、乳香油、天竺葵油、生薑油、柚子油、茉莉油、杜松油、薰衣草油、檸檬油、檸檬草油、酸橙油、柑橘油、馬郁蘭油、沒藥油、橙花油、橘子油、廣藿香油、胡椒油、黑胡椒油、苦橙葉油、松油、奧圖玫瑰油(rose otto oil)、迷迭香油、檀香油、綠薄荷油、甘松油、香根草油、冬青油或依蘭油。熟習此項技術者已知之其他必需油脂亦預期適用於本發明之上下文中(例如International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary,第10版,2004,其以引用的方式併入)。
增稠劑(包括稠化劑或膠凝劑)包括可增加組合物黏度之物質。稠化劑包括可增加組合物黏度而大體上不改變組合物中各成份功效之彼等。稠化劑亦可增加本發明組合物之安定性。在本發明之某些態樣中,稠化劑包括氫化聚異丁烯或三羥基硬脂或兩者之混合物。其他實例包括煙霧狀二氧化矽及/或其他聚矽氧基稠化劑。
一般熟習此項技術者已知之額外稠化劑之非限制性實例可用於本發明之上下文中(例如美國專利第5,087,445號;第4,509,949號;第2,798,053號;International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary,第10版,2004,所有該等均以引用的方式併入)。實例包括羧酸聚合物、交聯聚丙烯酸酯聚合物、聚丙烯醯胺聚合物、多糖及樹膠。羧酸聚合物之實例包括交聯化合物,其含有源於丙烯酸、經取代丙烯酸及該等丙烯酸及經取代丙烯酸之鹽及酯之一或多種單體,其中交聯劑含有兩個或兩個以上碳-碳雙鍵且源於多元醇。市售羧酸聚合物之實例包括卡波姆(carbomer),其為丙烯酸與蔗糖或異戊四醇之烯丙基醚交聯之均聚物(例如來自B.F.Goodrich之CarbopolTM
900系列)。
交聯聚丙烯酸酯聚合物之非限制性實例包括陽離子性及非離子性聚合物。實例描述於美國專利第5,100,660號、第4,849,484號、第4,835,206號、第4,628,078號、第4,599,379號中。
聚丙烯醯胺聚合物(包括非離子性聚丙烯醯胺聚合物,包括經取代之分枝或未分枝聚合物)之非限制性實例包括聚丙烯醯胺、異烷烴及月桂醇醚-7、丙烯醯胺及經取代丙烯醯胺與丙烯酸及經取代丙烯酸之多嵌段共聚物。
多糖之非限制性實例包括纖維素、羧甲基羥乙基纖維素、乙酸丙酸羧酸纖維素、羥乙基纖維素、羥乙基乙基纖維素、羥丙基纖維素、羥丙基甲基纖維素、甲基羥乙基纖維素、微晶纖維素、纖維素硫酸納及其混合物。另一實例為經烷基取代之纖維素,其中纖維素聚合物之羥基經羥烷基化(例如羥乙基化或羥丙基化)以形成羥烷基化纖維素,其隨後以C10
-C30
直鏈或支鏈烷基經由醚鍵進一步改質。通常該等聚合物為C10
-C30
直鏈或支鏈醇與羥烷基纖維素之醚。其他有用之多糖包括硬聚葡萄糖(scleroglucan),其包含每三個單元具有(1-6)個聯結葡萄糖之(1-3)個聯結葡萄糖單元的線性鏈。
可用於本發明之樹脂之非限制性實例包括阿拉伯樹膠、瓊脂、褐藻膠、褐藻酸、褐藻酸銨、支鏈澱粉、褐藻酸鈣、角叉菜膠鈣、肉鹼、角叉菜膠、糊精、明膠、結冷膠、瓜爾膠、氯化瓜爾膠羥丙基三甲銨、鋰蒙脫石、玻糖醛酸、水合二氧化矽、羥丙基聚葡萄胺糖、羥丙基瓜爾膠、刺梧桐膠、海藻、刺槐豆膠、納豆膠、褐藻酸鉀、角叉菜膠鉀、褐藻酸丙二醇酯、菌類植物膠、羧甲基右旋糖鈉、角叉菜膠鈉、黃蓍膠、三仙膠及其混合物。
本說明書通篇論述之成份的已知及未知等效物可用於本發明之組合物及方法。等效物可用作成份之取代物。等效物亦可用於添加至本發明之方法及組合物中。一般熟習此項技術者應能夠在無不當實驗下認識及識別成份可接受之已知及未知等效物。
一般熟習此項技術者應認識到本發明之組合物可包括本說明書通篇所論述之成份(例如維生素C、維生素C衍生物、含聚矽氧化合物、必需油脂、增稠劑、阻光劑、保濕劑、抗氧化劑、具有UVA及/或UVB保護之防曬劑、潤膚劑、抗刺激物、維生素、微量金屬、抗菌劑、植物萃取物、芳香劑、染料及顏色成份、規整劑、乳化劑等)之任何數目的組合。亦預期成份之濃度可變化。例如在非限制性實施例中,組合物可以其最終形式包括例如至少約0.0001%、0.0002%、0.0003%、0.0004%、0.0005%、0.0006%、0.0007%、0.0008%、0.0009%、0.0010%、0.0011%、0.0012%、0.0013%、0.0014%、0.0015%、0.0016%、0.0017%、0.0018%、0.0019%、0.0020%、0.0021%、0.0022%、0.0023%、0.0024%、0.0025%、0.0026%、0.0027%、0.0028%、0.0029%、0.0030%、0.0031%、0.0032%、0.0033%、0.0034%、0.0035%、0.0036%、0.0037%、0.0038%、0.0039%、0.0040%、0.0041%、0.0042%、0.0043%、0.0044%、0.0045%、0.0046%、0.0047%、0.0048%、0.0049%、0.0050%、0.0051%、0.0052%、0.0053%、0.0054%、0.0055%、0.0056%、0.0057%、0.0058%、0.0059%、0.0060%、0.0061%、0.0062%、0.0063%、0.0064%、0.0065%、0.0066%、0.0067%、0.0068%、0.0069%、0.0070%、0.0071%、0.0072%、0.0073%、0.0074%、0.0075%、0.0076%、0.0077%、0.0078%、0.0079%、0.0080%、0.0081%、0.0082%、0.0083%、0.0084%、0.0085%、0.0086%、0.0087%、0.0088%、0.0089%、0.0090%、0.0091%、0.0092%、0.0093%、0.0094%、0.0095%、0.0096%、0.0097%、0.0098%、0.0099%、0.0100%、0.0200%、0.0250%、0.0275%、0.0300%、0.0325%、0.0350%、0.0375%、0.0400%、0.0425%、0.0450%、0.0475%、0.0500%、0.0525%、0.0550%、0.0575%、0.0600%、0.0625%、0.0650%、0.0675%、0.0700%、0.0725%、0.0750%、0.0775%、0.0800%、0.0825%、0.0850%、0.0875%、0.0900%、0.0925%、0.0950%、0.0975%、0.1000%、0.1250%、0.1500%、0.1750%、0.2000%、0.2250%、0.2500%、0.2750%、0.3000%、0.3250%、0.3500%、0.3750%、0.4000%、0.4250%、0.4500%、0.4750%、0.5000%、0.5250%、0.0550%、0.5750%、0.6000%、0.6250%、0.6500%、0.6750%、0.7000%、0.7250%、0.7500%、0.7750%、0.8000%、0.8250%、0.8500%、0.8750%、0.9000%、0.9250%、0.9500%、0.9750%、1.0%、1.1%、1.2%、1.3%、1.4%、1.5%、1.6%、1.7%、1.8%、1.9%、2.0%、2.1%、2.2%、2.3%、2.4%、2.5%、2.6%、2.7%、2.8%、2.9%、3.0%、3.1%、3.2%、3.3%、3.4%、3.5%、3.6%、3.7%、3.8%、3.9%、4.0%、4.1%、4.2%、4.3%、4.4%、4.5%、4.6%、4.7%、4.8%、4.9%、5.0%、5.1%、5.2%、5.3%、5.4%、5.5%、5.6%、5.7%、5.8%、5.9%、6.0%、6.1%、6.2%、6.3%、6.4%、6.5%、6.6%、6.7%、6.8%、6.9%、7.0%、7.1%、7.2%、7.3%、7.4%、7.5%、7.6%、7.7%、7.8%、7.9%、8.0%、8.1%、8.2%、8.3%、8.4%、8.5%、8.6%、8.7%、8.8%、8.9%、9.0%、9.1%、9.2%、9.3%、9.4%、9.5%、9.6%、9.7%、9.8%、9.9%、10%、11%、12%、13%、14%、15%、16%、17%、18%、19%、20%、21%、22%、23%、24%、25%、26%、27%、28%、29%、30%、35%、40%、45%、50%、60%、65%、70%、75%、80%、85%、90%、95%或99%或99%以上或源於其中之任何範圍或整數之至少一種本說明書通篇及申請專利範圍中所提及之成份。在非限制性態樣中,百分數可基於總組合物之重量或體積來計算。一般熟習此項技術者應瞭解濃度可視組合物之所要作用及/或組合物所併入之產品而變化。
本發明之組合物可併入所有類型之媒劑中。合適媒劑之非限制性實例包括乳液(例如油包水、水包油包水、水包油、油包水包油、聚矽氧包水包油乳液)、乳霜、洗液、溶液(水溶液及水-醇溶液兩者)、無水基劑(諸如唇膏及散劑)、凝膠及軟膏或藉由一般熟習此項技術者已知之其他方法或前述之任何組合(Remington's,1990)。變化形式及其他適當媒劑將為熟習之技術人員顯而易見且適用於本發明。在某些態樣中,重要的是以組合為化學相容且不形成自終產物沉澱之複合物之方式選擇化合物、成份及藥劑之濃度及組合。
本發明之組合物亦可用於許多化妝產品中,包括(但不限於)防曬產品、缺少陽光之皮膚曬黑產品、頭髮產品、指甲產品、保濕霜、益膚霜及洗液、軟化劑、日用液、凝膠、軟膏、粉底霜、晚霜、唇膏、清潔劑、調色劑、遮光劑或其他已知化妝產品或應用。此外,化妝產品可調配成留存型或沖洗型產品。在某些態樣中,本發明之組合物為卓越產品。
本發明之組合物可包括其他有益藥劑及化合物,諸如阻光劑、急性或慢性保濕劑(包括例如保濕劑、阻隔劑及影響皮膚天然保濕機制之藥劑)、抗氧化劑、具有UVA及/或UVB保護之防曬劑、潤膚劑、抗刺激物、維生素、微量金屬、抗菌劑、植物萃取物、芳香劑、染料及顏色成份、規整劑及/或乳化劑(參見美國專利第6,290,938號)。
1.阻光劑
可與本發明之組合物組合使用之阻光劑包括化學及物理阻光劑。可使用之化學阻光劑之非限制性實例包括對胺基苯甲酸(PABA)、PABA酯(PABA甘油酯、PABA戊基二甲酯及PABA辛基二甲酯)、PABA丁酯、PABA乙酯、PABA乙基二羥丙酯、二苯甲酮(氧苯酮、磺異苯酮、二苯甲酮及二苯甲酮-1至12)、肉桂酸酯(及甲氧基肉桂酸辛酯、對甲氧基肉桂酸異戊酯、肉桂酸辛基甲氧酯、西諾沙酯(cinoxate)、肉桂酸二異丙基甲酯、DEA-甲氧基肉桂酸酯、二異丙基肉桂酸乙酯、辛酸甘油酯二甲氧基肉桂酸酯及甲氧基肉桂酸乙酯)、肉桂酸酯、水楊酸酯(水楊酸高甲酯、水楊酸苯甲酯、水楊酸乙二醇酯、水楊酸異丙基苯甲酯)、鄰胺基苯甲酸酯、尿刊酸乙酯、胡莫柳酯及Parsol 1789。物理阻光劑之非限制性實例包括高嶺土、滑石及金屬氧化物(例如二氧化鈦及氧化鋅)。一般熟習此項技術者已知之額外阻光劑之非限制性實例可用於本發明之上下文中(例如International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary,第10版,2004,其以引用的方式併入)。
2.保濕劑
可與本發明之組合物一起使用之保濕劑之非限制性實例包括胺基酸、硫酸軟骨素、雙甘油、赤藻糖醇、果糖、葡萄糖、甘油、甘油聚合物、乙二醇、1,2,6-己三醇、蜂蜜、玻糖醛酸、氫化蜂蜜、氫化澱粉水解產物、肌醇、乳糖醇、麥芽糖醇、麥芽糖、甘露糖醇、天然保濕因子、PEG-15丁二醇、聚甘油基山梨糖醇、吡咯啶酮羧酸鹽、PCA鉀、丙二醇、葡萄糖醛酸鈉、PCA鈉、山梨糖醇、蔗糖、海藻糖、尿素及木糖醇。
其他實例包括乙醯化羊毛脂、乙醯化羊毛脂醇、丙烯酸酯/C10-30烷基丙烯酸酯交聚物、丙烯酸酯共聚物、丙胺酸、海藻萃取物、蘆薈(aloe barbadensis)、蘆薈萃取物、蘆薈凝膠、藥蜀葵(althea officinalis)萃取物、澱粉辛烯基琥珀酸鋁、硬脂酸鋁、杏(apricot,prunus armeniaca)仁油、精胺酸、精胺酸天冬胺酸酯、金山車(arnica montana)萃取物、抗壞血酸、棕櫚酸抗壞血酯、天冬胺酸、鱷梨(avocado,persea gratissima)油、硫酸鋇、障壁鞘脂、丁醇、蜂蠟、山萮醇、β-植固醇、BHT、樺木(birch,betula alba)皮萃取物、琉璃苣(borage,borago officinalis)萃取物、2-溴-2-硝基丙烷-1,3-二醇、百舌屬金雀花(butcherbroom,ruscus aculeatus)萃取物、丁二醇、金盞花(calendula officinalis)萃取物、金盞花油、堪地里拉(candelilla,euphorbia cerifera)蠟、菜籽油、辛酸/癸酸三酸甘油脂、白豆蔻(cardamon,elettaria cardamomum)油、棕櫚(carnauba,copernicia cerifera)蠟、角叉菜膠(chondrus crispus)、胡蘿蔔(daucus carota sativa)油、蓖麻(ricinus communis)油、神經醯胺、地蠟、鯨蠟硬脂醇醚-5、鯨蠟硬脂醇醚-12、鯨蠟硬脂醇醚-20、辛酸鯨蠟硬脂酯、鯨蠟醇醚-20、鯨蠟醇醚-24、乙酸十六烷酯、辛酸十六烷酯、棕櫚酸十六烷酯、甘菊(anthemis nobilis)油、膽固醇、膽固醇酯、羥基硬脂酸膽固醇酯、檸檬酸、快樂鼠尾草(salvia sclarea)油、可可豆(theobroma cacao)脂、椰子-辛酸酯/癸酸酯、椰果(cocos nucifera)油、膠原蛋白、膠原蛋白胺基酸、玉米(zea mays)油、脂肪酸、油酸癸酯、糊精、重氮利定脲、二甲聚矽氧烷共聚醇、二甲聚矽氧烷醇、己二酸二辛酯、琥珀酸二辛酯、二異戊四醇基六辛酸酯/六癸酸酯、DMDM乙內醯脲、DNA、赤藻糖醇、乙氧基二乙二醇、亞麻油酸乙酯、藍膠尤佳利(eucalyptus globulus)油、月見草(oenothera biennis)油、脂肪酸、特路糖、明膠、天竺葵油、葡糖胺、葡萄糖麩胺酸酯、麩胺酸、甘油醇-26、甘油(glycerin)、甘油(glycerol)、二硬脂酸甘油酯、羥基硬脂酸甘油酯、月桂酸甘油酯、亞麻油酸甘油酯、肉豆蔻酸甘油酯、油酸甘油酯、硬脂酸甘油酯、硬脂酸甘油酯SE、甘胺酸、硬脂酸乙二醇醇、硬脂酸乙二醇酯SE、葡萄糖胺聚糖、葡萄(vitis vinifera)籽油、美洲榛(corylus americana)堅果油、歐洲榛(corylus avellana)堅果油、己二醇、蜂蜜、玻糖醛酸、雜交紅花(carthamus tinctorius)油、氫化蓖麻油、氫化椰子-甘油酯、氫化椰果油、氫化羊毛脂、氫化卵磷脂、氫化棕櫚甘油酯、氫化棕櫚仁油、氫化黃豆油、氫化動物脂甘油酯、氫化植物油、水解膠原蛋白、水解彈性蛋白、水解葡萄糖胺聚糖、水解角蛋白、水解黃豆蛋白、羥化羊毛脂、羥基脯胺酸、咪唑啶基脲、丁基胺基甲酸碘丙炔酯、硬脂酸異十六烷基酯、硬脂酸異十六烷基硬脂醯酯、油酸異癸酯、異硬脂酸異丙酯、羊毛脂酸異丙酯、肉豆蔻酸異丙酯、棕櫚酸異丙酯、硬脂酸異丙酯、異硬脂醯胺DEA、異硬脂酸、乳酸異硬脂醯酯、新戊酸異硬脂醯酯、茉莉(jasminum officinale)油、荷荷芭(jojoba)(buxus chinensis)油、海藻、石栗(aleurites moluccana)堅果油、乳醯胺MEA、羊毛脂醇聚醚-16、羊毛脂醇聚醚-10乙酸酯、羊毛脂、羊毛脂酸、羊毛脂醇、羊毛脂油、羊毛脂蠟、薰衣草(lavandula angustifolia)油、卵磷脂、檸檬(citrus medica limonum)油、亞麻油酸、次亞麻油酸、澳洲胡桃油(macadamia ternifolia nut oil)、硬脂酸鎂、硫酸鎂、麥芽糖醇、洋苷菊(chamomilla recutita)油、葡萄糖倍半硬脂酸甲酯、甲基矽烷醇PCA、微晶蠟、礦物油、貂油、被孢黴油、乳酸十四烷基酯、肉豆蔻酸十四烷基酯、丙酸十四烷基酯、新戊二醇二辛酸酯/二癸酸酯、辛基十二醇、肉豆蔻酸辛基十二烷基酯、硬脂酸辛基十二烷基硬脂醯酯、羥基硬脂酸辛酯、棕櫚酸辛酯、水楊酸辛酯、硬脂酸辛酯、油酸、橄欖(olea europaea)油、苦橙(citrus aurantium dulcis)油、棕櫚(elaeis guineensis)油、棕櫚酸、泛硫乙胺、泛醯醇、泛醯醇基乙基醚、石蠟、PCA、桃(prunus persica)仁油、花生(arachis hypogaea)油、PEG-8 C12-18酯、PEG-15椰油胺、PEG-150二硬脂酸酯、PEG-60異硬脂酸甘油酯、PEG-5硬脂酸甘油酯、PEG-30硬脂酸甘油酯、PEG-7氫化蓖麻油、PEG-40氫化蓖麻油、PEG-60氫化蓖麻油、PEG-20葡萄糖倍半硬脂酸甲酯、PEG40脫水山梨糖醇全油酸酯、PEG-5黃豆甾醇、PEG-10黃豆甾醇、PEG-2硬脂酸酯、PEG-8硬脂酸酯、PEG-20硬脂酸酯、PEG-32硬脂酸酯、PEG40硬脂酸酯、PEG-50硬脂酸酯、PEG-100硬脂酸酯、PEG-150硬脂酸酯、十五內酯、歐薄荷(mentha piperita)油、凡士林(petrolatum)、磷脂、多胺基糖濃縮物、聚甘油基-3二異硬脂酸酯、聚四級銨-24、聚山梨醇酯20、聚山梨醇酯40、聚山梨醇酯60、聚山梨醇酯80、聚山梨醇酯85、肉豆蔻酸鉀、棕櫚酸鉀、山梨酸鉀、硬脂酸鉀、丙二醇、丙二醇二辛酸酯/二癸酸酯、丙二醇二辛酸酯、丙二醇二壬酸酯、丙二醇月桂酸酯、丙二醇硬脂酸酯、丙二醇硬脂酸酯SE、PVP、吡哆醇二棕櫚酸酯、四級銨-15、四級銨-18鋰蒙脫石、四級銨-22、視黃醇、棕櫚酸視網酯、水稻(oryza sativa)麩油、RNA、迷迭香(rosmarinus officinalis)油、玫瑰油、紅花(carthamus tinctorius)油、鼠尾草(salvia officinalis)油、水楊酸、檀香木(santalum album)油、絲胺酸、血清蛋白、芝麻(sesamum indicum)油、乳油木(butyrospermum parkii)、絲粉、硫酸軟骨素鈉、玻尿酸鈉、乳酸鈉、棕櫚酸鈉、PCA鈉、聚麩胺酸鈉、硬脂酸鈉、可溶性膠原蛋白、山梨酸、脫水山梨糖醇月桂酸酯、脫水山梨糖醇油酸酯、脫水山梨糖醇棕櫚酸酯、脫水山梨糖醇倍半油酸酯、脫水山梨糖醇硬脂酸酯、山梨糖醇、黃豆(glycine soja)油、鞘脂、角鯊烷、角鯊烯、硬脂醯胺MEA-硬脂酸酯、硬脂酸、硬脂氧基二甲聚矽氧烷、硬脂氧基三甲基矽烷、硬脂醇、甘草酸硬脂醯酯、庚酸硬脂酯、硬脂酸硬脂醯酯、向日葵(helianthus annuus)籽油、甜杏仁(prunus amygdalus dulcis)油、合成蜂蠟、生育酚、乙酸生育酚酯、亞麻油酸生育酚酯、甘油三山萮酸酯、新戊酸十三烷基酯、硬脂酸十三烷基酯、三乙醇胺、三硬脂、尿素、植物油、水、蠟、小麥(triticum vulgare)胚油及依蘭(cananga odorata)油。一般熟習此項技術者已知之額外保濕劑之非限制性實例可用於本發明之上下文中(例如International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary,第10版,2004,其以引用的方式併入)。
3.抗氧化劑
可與本發明組合物一起使用之抗氧化劑之非限制性實例包括乙醯基半胱胺酸、抗壞血酸多肽、二棕櫚酸抗壞血酯、抗壞血基甲基矽烷醇果膠酸酯、棕櫚酸抗壞血酯、硬脂酸抗壞血酯、BHA、BHT、第三丁基氫醌、半胱胺酸、半胱胺酸HCl、二戊基氫醌、二-第三丁基氫醌、硫代二丙酸三十二烷基酯、二油基生育酚基甲基矽烷醇、抗壞血基硫酸二鈉、硫代二丙酸二硬脂醯酯、硫代二丙酸雙十三烷基酯、沒食子酸十二烷基酯、異抗壞血酸、抗壞血酸酯、阿魏酸乙酯、阿魏酸、沒食子酸酯、氫醌、硫代乙醇酸異辛酯、麴酸、抗壞血酸鎂、抗壞血基磷酸鎂、抗壞血酸甲基矽烷醇酯、天然植物抗氧化劑(諸如綠茶或葡萄籽萃取物)、去甲二氫愈創木酸(nordihydroguaiaretic acid)、沒食子酸辛酯、苯基硫代乙醇酸、抗壞血基生育酚磷酸鉀、亞硫酸鉀、沒食子酸丙酯、醌類、迷迭香酸、抗壞血酸鈉、亞硫酸氫鈉、異抗壞血酸鈉、焦亞硫酸鈉、亞硫酸鈉、超氧化歧化酶、硫代乙醇酸鈉、山梨糠醛、硫代二甘醇、硫代二甘醇醯胺、硫代二甘醇酸、硫代乙醇酸、硫代乳酸、硫代水楊酸、生育酚聚醚-5、生育酚聚醚-10、生育酚聚醚-12、生育酚聚醚-18、生育酚聚醚-50、生育酚、托可索侖(tocophersolan)、乙酸生育酚酯、亞麻油酸生育酚酯、菸鹼酸生育酚酯、琥珀酸生育酚酯及參(壬基苯基)亞磷酸酯。一般熟習此項技術者已知之額外抗氧化劑之非限制性實例可用於本發明之上下文中(例如International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary,第10版,2004,其以引用的方式併入)。
4.規整劑
在其他非限制性態樣中,本發明組合物可包括規整劑。在某些態樣中,規整劑有助於為組合物提供流變學特徵以達成組合物之安定性。在其他態樣中,規整劑亦可充當乳化劑或界面活性劑。規整劑之非限制性實例包括硬脂酸、棕櫚酸、硬脂醇、鯨蠟醇、山萮醇、硬脂酸、棕櫚酸、具有平均約1至約21個氧化乙烯單元之硬脂醇之聚乙二醇醚、具有平均約1至約5個氧化乙烯單元之鯨蠟醇之聚乙二醇醚及其混合物。
5.乳化劑
在本發明之某些態樣中,組合物不包括乳化劑。然而,在其他態樣中,組合物可包括一或多種乳化劑。乳化劑可減小各相之間的界面張力且改善乳液之調配及安定性。乳化劑可為非離子性、陽離子性、陰離子性及兩性離子性乳化劑(參見McCutcheon's(1986);美國專利第5,011,681號;第4,421,769號;第3,755,560號)。非限制性實例包括甘油酯、丙二醇酯、聚乙二醇之脂肪酸酯、聚丙二醇之脂肪酸酯、山梨糖醇酯、脫水山梨糖醇酐酯、羧酸共聚物、葡萄糖之酯及醚、乙氧基化醚、乙氧基化醇、磷酸烷基酯、聚氧乙烯脂肪醚磷酸酯、脂肪酸醯胺、乳酸醯酯、皂類、TEA硬脂酸酯、DEA油醇醚-3磷酸酯、聚乙二醇20脫水山梨糖醇單月桂酸酯(聚山梨醇酯20)、聚乙二醇5黃豆甾醇、硬脂醇醚-2、硬脂醇醚-20、硬脂醇醚-21、鯨蠟硬脂醇醚-20、PPG-2甲基葡萄糖醚二硬脂酸酯、鯨蠟醇醚-10、聚山梨醇酯80、鯨蠟基磷酸酯、鯨蠟基磷酸鉀、二乙醇胺鯨蠟基磷酸酯、聚山梨醇酯60、硬脂酸甘油酯、PEG-100硬脂酸酯及其混合物。一般熟習此項技術者已知之額外乳化劑之非限制性實例可用於本發明之全文中(例如International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary,第10版,2004,其以引用的方式併入)。
6.額外化合物及藥劑
可與本發明之組合物一起使用之額外化合物及藥劑之非限制性實例包括維生素類(例如D、E、A及K)、微量金屬(例如鋅、鈣及硒)、抗刺激物(例如類固醇類及非類固醇消炎劑)、植物萃取物(例如蘆薈、甘菊、黃瓜萃取物、銀杏、人參及迷迭香)、染料及顏色成份(例如D&C藍第4號、D&C綠第5號、D&C橙第4號、D&C紅第17號、D&C紅第33號、D&C紫第2號、D&C黃第10號、D&C黃第11號及DEA-鯨蠟基磷酸酯)、潤膚劑(亦即,有機酯、脂肪酸、羊毛脂及其衍生物、植物及動物油及脂肪及二甘油酯及三酸甘油脂)、抗菌劑(例如三氯生(triclosan)及乙醇)及芳香劑(天然及人造)。
J.套組
亦預期在本發明之某些態樣中使用套組。例如,本發明之組合物可包括於套組中。套組可包括一容器。容器可包括瓶子、金屬管、層壓管、塑料管、分配器、加壓容器、阻隔容器、封裝、腔室、唇膏容器、緊密容器、可固持化妝組合物(例如粉底霜)之化妝盤或其他類型容器(諸如保留分散液或組合物或所要瓶子、分配器或封裝之射出成形或吹塑之塑料容器)。套組及/或容器可於其表面上包括標誌。例如,標誌可為單詞、短語、縮寫、圖片或符號。
容器可分配預定量之組合物。在其他實施例中,容器可經擠壓(例如金屬管、層壓管或塑料管)以分配所要量之組合物。組合物可以噴霧、氣溶膠、液體、流體或半固體形式分配。容器可具有噴霧、泵或擠壓機制。套組亦可包括用於使用套組組件及使用容器中所包括之任何其他分散液或組合物之說明書。說明書可包括對於如何應用、使用及維護產品、分散液或組合物之解釋。
包括以下實例以證明本發明之某些非限制性態樣。熟習此項技術者應瞭解遵循發明者發現之典型技術之實例中所揭示之技術可良好用於本發明之實踐中。然而,熟習此項技術者應瞭解在不偏離本發明之精神及範疇下可在所揭示之特定實施例中進行改變且仍獲得相似或類似之結果。
本發明之一實施例之非限制性實例展示於表1中。表1中之成份提供安定的維生素C組合物。
將表1所述之組合物於室溫(約70-75℉)下儲存約10年。隨後,測試組合物以測定組合物中保留之安定維生素C之量。測試程序包括將組合物分散於甲醇中。隨後用純水自樣品中萃取維生素C。藉由使用逆相HPLC之外標方法,使用可變波長偵測器計算維生素C之安定性(所用測試方法之詳細描述在實例3中提供)。結果顯示於表2中。
在室溫儲存約10年之後,97.6%之安定維生素C保留於組合物中。此外,在老化組合物中無顯著變色。
用於測試表1中組合物中維生素C安定性之非限制性方法在以下段落中描述。
所用裝置:
具有可變波長UV偵測器及積分器之HPLC(推薦設定包括UV在255 nm下,流動速率為0.75 mL/min,樣品尺寸5 μL,溫度為35℃);NH2
管柱,5 μ,25 cm×4.6 mm(Whatman,Inc.目錄號4691-3371);分析天平(讀數至0.1 mg);量瓶(100 mL);濾片(耐綸0.45 μ);渦漩機;超音波降解處理器。
所用試劑:
棕櫚酸抗壞血酯;抗壞血酸;甲醇;磷酸鉀(一元);磷酸。
所用校正標準物:
各自稱量約20 mg(.02g)棕櫚酸抗壞血酯及抗壞血酸至100 mL量瓶中。添加足夠量甲醇以分散試劑且超音波降解處理約10分鐘。以甲醇填充至100 mL標記且混合。製備新鮮校正標準物。
所用移動相:
70:30甲醇/0.02 M磷酸鉀溶液。將2.70 g磷酸二氫鉀溶解於1公升純水中且以磷酸調節pH值至3.5。過濾且使30份此溶液與70份甲醇混合。
所用樣品製劑:由
以下方程式計算適當樣品重量:
稱量樣品至100 mL量瓶中且記錄精確重量至0.1 mg。添加足夠量甲醇以分散樣品且超音波降解處理約2至10分鐘。以甲醇填充至100 mL標記且混合。使用0.45 μ濾片過濾溶液至樣品小瓶中。重複製備雙份樣品。
HPLC之校正:
以標準溶液校正裝置。製備至少三份注射液且獲得反應因子。反應因子之相對標準偏差應不超過3.0%。拖尾因子應小於1.5。
所用測試程序:
重複兩次注射樣品溶液且計算結果之平均值。比較在校正運行中分析物峰與樣品運行中各峰之絕對滯留時間。若滯留時間相差大於5%相對值時,重複校正及樣品運行。如下計算校正與樣品運行之間的相對滯留時間(RRT):
其中,RTs=樣品運行中I.Std或分析物峰之滯留時間RTc=校正運行中I.Std或分析物峰之滯留時間100=100%分析完成之後,以30:70之甲醇:水洗滌系統約30分鐘。
根據本揭示內容,在無不當實驗下可進行且執行本說明書中揭示及主張之所有組合物及/或方法。當本發明之組合物及方法以某些實施例描述時,在不偏離本發明之觀念、精神及範疇下,熟習此項技術者將顯而易見可在該等組合物及/或方法及本文所述方法之步驟或步驟次序中進行變化。更具體而言,只要達成相同或類似結果,顯然化學及生理學相關之某些試劑可取代本文所述之試劑。如隨附申請專利範圍所定義,認為熟習此項技術者顯而易見之所有該等類似取代及修正在本發明之精神、範疇及觀念中。
以下參照案在其為本文陳述提供例示性程序或其他詳細補充之程度上以引用的方式特定併入本文中。
美國專利第2,400,171號美國專利第2,798,053號美國專利第3,755,560號美國專利第4,421,769號美國專利第4,599,379號美國專利第4,628,079號美國專利第4,835,206號美國專利第4,849,484號美國專利第4,509,949號美國專利第5,100,660號美國專利第5,011,681號美國專利第5,087,445號美國專利第6,146,664號美國專利第6,290,938號
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Humbert,Eur.J.Dermatol
,11(2):172-173,2001。
International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary,第10版,2004。
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,48(6):866-874,2003。
McCutcheon's,Detergents and Emulsifiers,北美版(1986)。
Pinnell,J.Am.Acad.Dermatol
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Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences,第18版Mack Printing Company,1289-1329,1990。
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Claims (43)
- 一種無水組合物,其包含:(a)顆粒狀抗壞血酸;(b)20至30%重量比之含聚矽氧化合物;及(c)40至50%重量比之必需油脂,其中當該組合物於室溫下儲存至少1個月時,該組合物中至少50%初始量之抗壞血酸會保持安定。
- 如請求項1之組合物,其中該顆粒狀抗壞血酸包含小於約50微米之粒徑。
- 如請求項1之組合物,其中該顆粒狀抗壞血酸係懸浮於該含聚矽氧化合物中。
- 如請求項1之組合物,其中該含聚矽氧化合物為環甲聚矽氧烷。
- 如請求項4之組合物,其中該必需油脂係芝麻油。
- 如請求項1之組合物,其中該組合物進一步包含:(d)5至15%重量比之增稠劑;及(e)1至5%重量比之三酸甘油脂。
- 如請求項6之組合物,其中該增稠劑係選自由三羥基硬脂、氫化聚異丁烯及其混合物組成之群,且其中該三酸甘油脂為辛酸/癸酸三酸甘油脂。
- 如請求項1之組合物,其中該組合物係包含於化妝產品中。
- 如請求項1之組合物,其中該組合物不包括非揮發性油脂。
- 如請求項1之組合物,其中該組合物不為乳液。
- 如請求項1之組合物,其中該組合物不包括乳化劑或界面活性劑。
- 如請求項1之組合物,其中當該組合物於室溫下儲存至少1個月時,該組合物中至少75%初始量之抗壞血酸會保持安定。
- 如請求項12之組合物,其中當該組合物於室溫下儲存至少1個月時,該組合物中至少90%初始量之抗壞血酸會保持安定。
- 如請求項1之組合物,其中當該組合物於室溫下儲存至少6個月時,該組合物中至少50%初始量之抗壞血酸會保持安定。
- 如請求項14之組合物,其中當該組合物於室溫下儲存至少6個月時,該組合物中至少75%初始量之抗壞血酸會保持安定。
- 如請求項15之組合物,其中當該組合物於室溫下儲存至少6個月時,該組合物中至少90%初始量之抗壞血酸會保持安定。
- 如請求項1之組合物,其中當該組合物於室溫下儲存至少1年時,該組合物中至少50%初始量之抗壞血酸會保持安定。
- 如請求項17之組合物,其中當該組合物於室溫下儲存至少1年時,該組合物中至少75%初始量之抗壞血酸會保持安定。
- 如請求項18之組合物,其中當該組合物於室溫下儲存至少1年時,該組合物中至少90%初始量之抗壞血酸會保持安定。
- 一種用以製備無水之儲存安定性抗壞血酸組合物之方法,其包含:(a)獲得顆粒狀抗壞血酸、含聚矽氧化合物及必需油脂,其中該含聚矽氧化合物係以組合物之20至30%重量比存在且該必需油脂係以組合物之40至50%重量比存在;及(b)混合該抗壞血酸、該含聚矽氧化合物及該必需油脂,以獲得組合物,其中當該組合物於室溫下儲存至少1個月時,該組合物中至少50%初始量之抗壞血酸會保持安定。
- 如請求項20之方法,其中該顆粒狀抗壞血酸包含小於約50微米之粒徑。
- 如請求項20之方法,其中該顆粒狀抗壞血酸係懸浮於該含聚矽氧化合物中。
- 如請求項20之方法,其中該含聚矽氧化合物為環甲聚矽氧烷。
- 如請求項23之方法,其中該必需油脂係芝麻油。
- 如請求項20之方法,其中該組合物進一步包含:(d)5至15%重量比之增稠劑;及(e)1至5%重量比之三酸甘油脂。
- 如請求項25之方法,其中該增稠劑係選自由三羥基硬 脂、氫化聚異丁烯及其混合物組成之群,且其中該三酸甘油脂為辛酸/癸酸三酸甘油脂。
- 如請求項20之方法,其中該組合物係包含於化妝產品中。
- 如請求項20之方法,其中該組合物不包括非揮發性油脂。
- 如請求項20之方法,其中該組合物不為乳液。
- 如請求項20之方法,其中該組合物不包括乳化劑或界面活性劑。
- 如請求項20之方法,其中當該組合物於室溫下儲存至少1個月時,該組合物中至少75%初始量之抗壞血酸會保持安定。
- 如請求項31之方法,其中當該組合物於室溫下儲存至少1個月時,該組合物中至少90%初始量之抗壞血酸會保持安定。
- 如請求項20之方法,其中當該組合物於室溫下儲存至少6個月時,該組合物中至少50%初始量之抗壞血酸會保持安定。
- 如請求項33之方法,其中當該組合物於室溫下儲存至少6個月時,該組合物中至少75%初始量之抗壞血酸會保持安定。
- 如請求項34之方法,其中當該組合物於室溫下儲存至少6個月時,該組合物中至少90%初始量之抗壞血酸會保持安定。
- 如請求項20之方法,其中當該組合物於室溫下儲存至少1年時,該組合物中至少50%初始量之抗壞血酸會保持安定。
- 如請求項36之方法,其中當該組合物於室溫下儲存至少1年時,該組合物中至少75%初始量之抗壞血酸會保持安定。
- 如請求項37之方法,其中當該組合物於室溫下儲存至少1年時,該組合物中至少90%初始量之抗壞血酸會保持安定。
- 一種安定組合物中顆粒狀抗壞血酸之方法,包含混合顆粒狀抗壞血酸、含聚矽氧化合物及必需油脂以獲得組合物,其中該含聚矽氧化合物係以組合物之20至30%重量比存在且該必需油脂係以組合物之40至50%重量比存在,其中當該組合物於室溫下儲存至少1個月時,該組合物中至少50%初始量之抗壞血酸會保持安定。
- 如請求項39之方法,其中該含聚矽氧化合物為環甲聚矽氧烷。
- 如請求項40之方法,其中該必需油脂係芝麻油。
- 如請求項39之方法,其中該組合物進一步包含:(d)5至15%重量比之增稠劑;及(e)1至5%重量比之三酸甘油脂。
- 如請求項42之方法,其中該增稠劑係選自由三羥基硬脂、氫化聚異丁烯及其混合物組成之群,且其中該三酸甘油脂為辛酸/癸酸三酸甘油脂。
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- 2007-02-21 AU AU2007216999A patent/AU2007216999B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2007-02-21 EP EP07757268.3A patent/EP1991219B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2007-02-21 MX MX2008010716A patent/MX2008010716A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2007-02-21 CA CA2642726A patent/CA2642726C/en active Active
- 2007-02-21 KR KR1020087022872A patent/KR20090010160A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2007-02-21 WO PCT/US2007/062489 patent/WO2007098467A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2007-02-21 CN CN2007800143997A patent/CN101431995B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-02-21 US US11/677,266 patent/US8865228B2/en active Active
- 2007-02-21 EA EA200801859A patent/EA015246B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-02-21 BR BRPI0708001A patent/BRPI0708001B8/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-02-21 UA UAA200811100A patent/UA100841C2/ru unknown
- 2007-02-26 TW TW096106546A patent/TWI383805B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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2014
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2018
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| CN1310604A (zh) * | 1999-03-31 | 2001-08-29 | 莱雅公司 | 含有在氧化介质中不稳定活性成分的组合物及其应用,特别是其化妆品应用 |
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|---|---|
| US11771638B2 (en) | 2023-10-03 |
| US20180228714A1 (en) | 2018-08-16 |
| EA200801859A1 (ru) | 2009-02-27 |
| CN101431995B (zh) | 2012-02-01 |
| US20070196310A1 (en) | 2007-08-23 |
| BRPI0708001B8 (pt) | 2021-05-25 |
| BRPI0708001A2 (pt) | 2011-05-17 |
| MX2008010716A (es) | 2008-10-14 |
| CA2642726A1 (en) | 2007-08-30 |
| CN101431995A (zh) | 2009-05-13 |
| EP1991219A2 (en) | 2008-11-19 |
| US20230390177A1 (en) | 2023-12-07 |
| EP1991219B1 (en) | 2015-09-16 |
| UA100841C2 (en) | 2013-02-11 |
| US8865228B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 |
| US20210128440A1 (en) | 2021-05-06 |
| EA015246B1 (ru) | 2011-06-30 |
| US10912729B2 (en) | 2021-02-09 |
| AU2007216999A1 (en) | 2007-08-30 |
| WO2007098467A3 (en) | 2007-12-06 |
| KR20090010160A (ko) | 2009-01-29 |
| CA2642726C (en) | 2015-11-03 |
| WO2007098467A2 (en) | 2007-08-30 |
| AU2007216999B2 (en) | 2011-08-18 |
| US9968539B2 (en) | 2018-05-15 |
| BRPI0708001B1 (pt) | 2020-11-17 |
| AR059601A1 (es) | 2008-04-16 |
| US20140363476A1 (en) | 2014-12-11 |
| TW200800285A (en) | 2008-01-01 |
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