TWI383275B - 具有圖案之反射光學結構 - Google Patents
具有圖案之反射光學結構 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI383275B TWI383275B TW093128288A TW93128288A TWI383275B TW I383275 B TWI383275 B TW I383275B TW 093128288 A TW093128288 A TW 093128288A TW 93128288 A TW93128288 A TW 93128288A TW I383275 B TWI383275 B TW I383275B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- relief pattern
- surface relief
- layer
- optical structure
- optical
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 93
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 103
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 23
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 6
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum nitride Chemical compound [Ta]#N MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QJGLDKKUHNLMCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-difluoropropane;ethene Chemical compound C=C.CC(F)CF QJGLDKKUHNLMCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODNBVEIAQAZNNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(6-chloroimidazo[1,2-b]pyridazin-3-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=NN2C(C(=O)C)=CN=C21 ODNBVEIAQAZNNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VFLXBUJKRRJAKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13768-86-0 Chemical compound O=[Se](=O)=O VFLXBUJKRRJAKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910016569 AlF 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K Aluminium flouride Chemical compound F[Al](F)F KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- GUNJVIDCYZYFGV-UHFFFAOYSA-K Antimony trifluoride Inorganic materials F[Sb](F)F GUNJVIDCYZYFGV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001747 Cellulose diacetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002284 Cellulose triacetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017493 Nd 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018487 Ni—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N [(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-diacetyloxy-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-triacetyloxy-2-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O1)OC(C)=O)COC(=O)C)[C@@H]1[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYLGJCQECKOTOL-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ba+2] OYLGJCQECKOTOL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- QCCDYNYSHILRDG-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(3+);trifluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[F-].[Ce+3] QCCDYNYSHILRDG-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZGDWHDKHJKZZIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt nickel Chemical compound [Co].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni] ZGDWHDKHJKZZIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- YCKOAAUKSGOOJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper silver Chemical compound [Cu].[Ag].[Ag] YCKOAAUKSGOOJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007646 gravure printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- CJNBYAVZURUTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Hf]=O CJNBYAVZURUTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001093 holography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZKEYULQFFYBZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum carbide Chemical compound [La].[C-]#[C] ZKEYULQFFYBZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010147 laser engraving Methods 0.000 description 1
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Mg+2] ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001512 metal fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UNASZPQZIFZUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneniobium Chemical compound [Nb]#C UNASZPQZIFZUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWELZOZIOHGSPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium silver Chemical compound [Pd].[Ag] SWELZOZIOHGSPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001552 radio frequency sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003346 selenoethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- PBCFLUZVCVVTBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum pentoxide Inorganic materials O=[Ta](=O)O[Ta](=O)=O PBCFLUZVCVVTBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004772 tellurides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
- BYMUNNMMXKDFEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K trifluorolanthanum Chemical compound F[La](F)F BYMUNNMMXKDFEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- XRADHEAKQRNYQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K trifluoroneodymium Chemical compound F[Nd](F)F XRADHEAKQRNYQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten trioxide Chemical compound O=[W](=O)=O ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001429 visible spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/324—Reliefs
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
- G03H1/0236—Form or shape of the hologram when not registered to the substrate, e.g. trimming the hologram to alphanumerical shape
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/328—Diffraction gratings; Holograms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
- G03H1/024—Hologram nature or properties
- G03H1/0244—Surface relief holograms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
- G03H1/0252—Laminate comprising a hologram layer
- G03H1/0256—Laminate comprising a hologram layer having specific functional layer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
- G07D7/003—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using security elements
- G07D7/0032—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using security elements using holograms
-
- B42D2035/24—
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/0005—Adaptation of holography to specific applications
- G03H1/0011—Adaptation of holography to specific applications for security or authentication
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
- G03H1/18—Particular processing of hologram record carriers, e.g. for obtaining blazed holograms
- G03H2001/187—Trimming process, i.e. macroscopically patterning the hologram
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H2210/00—Object characteristics
- G03H2210/50—Nature of the object
- G03H2210/52—Alphanumerical
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H2223/00—Optical components
- G03H2223/25—Index matching material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H2250/00—Laminate comprising a hologram layer
- G03H2250/10—Laminate comprising a hologram layer arranged to be transferred onto a carrier body
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H2250/00—Laminate comprising a hologram layer
- G03H2250/12—Special arrangement of layers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H2250/00—Laminate comprising a hologram layer
- G03H2250/34—Colour layer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H2250/00—Laminate comprising a hologram layer
- G03H2250/36—Conform enhancement layer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H2270/00—Substrate bearing the hologram
- G03H2270/52—Integrated surface relief hologram without forming layer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/916—Fraud or tamper detecting
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Holo Graphy (AREA)
- Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
- Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)
Description
本發明通常係關於表面浮雕裝置。更特定言之,本發明係關於與圖案化反射結構有關的裝置,如全像或繞射光柵。
由於美學與實用的視覺效果,繞射圖案與浮雕,以及和全像術相關的領域,具有廣泛的應用。一般來說,繞射光柵主要是在材料上,以重複的線或溝槽形成高峰與波谷的結構來製成。當反射表面上每毫米有數百至數千範圍之分隔的溝槽時,可以在可見光頻譜的範圍內,產生理想的光學效應。裝飾效應是繞射光柵產生的燦爛視覺效果。
繞射光柵技術已經運用於二維全像攝影圖案的形成中,其中二維全像攝影圖案可以讓檢視者產生三維影像的錯覺。基於聚合物中折射係數的差異,也已經利用交叉的雷射光束,發展出三維全像術,其中雷射光束包含一道參考光束與一道物件光束。此等全像術稱為體積全像術或3D全像術。此外,在各種物件上使用全像攝影影像以防止偽造,也已經有廣泛的應用。
目前在表面上裝飾浮雕全像圖案已經有許多應用,從裝飾包裝,如禮物包裹,到安全性文件,如銀行存摺與信用卡。二維的全像通常利用塑膠表面上現成繞射圖案。在某些情況中,可以不經過任何處理看到裝飾於表面上的全像影像;可是,為了獲得最大的光學效果,通常需要在裝飾的表面上放置反射層,一般是薄的金屬層,如鋁。反射層
實質上增加繞射圖案浮雕的可視度。
每一種類型的第一階繞射結構,包含傳統全像術與光柵影像,即使是封裝於堅固的塑膠中,都有一個主要的缺點。當使用發散的光源,如原本的室內光線或多雲的天空,來照射全像影像時,所有繞射階級都會擴張與重疊,因而失去繞射的顏色,而不能展現出全像所包含的那麼多視覺資訊。看到的通常是浮雕表面上銀色的反射,在最好的情況下,於此等檢視條件,所有這種裝置看起來都是銀色或淡色。因此,為了檢視,全像影像通常需要直接的鏡面照明。這意味著為了最佳的檢視結果,照明光線必須以和檢視角度相同的角度入射。
既然安全性全像術的使用已經有廣泛的應用,就會存在偽造者重製全像的動機,而這通常發生在信用卡,銀行存摺,與其類似之物的使用中。因此,安全全像術要成為真正的安全,必須克服的障礙是這些全像是可以偽造的。網際網路上已經廣泛地討論一步驟與兩步驟光學拷貝,直接機械拷貝,甚至重新製作。已經有許多對抗這些方法的辦法,但是沒有一個對策能夠單獨產生有效的遏止作用。
安全性全像術的進一步問題是對大部分的人來說,很難為了驗證的目的,而識別或重新收集由這些全像所產生之個別的影像。一般人完全地識別安全性全像的能力,受到特徵複雜度的影響,並受到裝飾繞射封裝的混淆。因此,大部分的人傾向於此一安全性裝置的存在,而不是確認實際的影像。這提供使用不良偽造物,或者是以商業全像替
代真實的安全性全像的機會。
在防範偽造物的其他努力上,全像工業已經訴諸更複雜的影像,如當安全裝置旋轉時,產生多重影像。此等強化影像提供檢視者高階的「動畫」或美觀的感覺。不幸地,增加複雜度並不會增加額外的安全性,因為很難傳遞此一複雜的影像,而且就算不是不能記憶,也很難重新收集此一影像。
因此,最好發展改良的安全性產品,在各種照明條件下,能夠提供強化的檢視品質,以及在各種安全性應用中使用,使偽造更加困難。
本發明係針對呈現表面浮雕圖案效果的光學結構,如全像術或繞射光柵,以及圖案,如由字母與數字組成的符號,條碼,或插畫或圖形設計,以及這些圖案周圍區域中額外的光學效應。
更具體地說,根據本發明之光學結構,包含一透光基板,該透光基板上具有表面浮雕圖案,以提供全像或其他表面浮雕結構。在表面浮雕圖案上面,施加反射材料之圖案層,以形成由字母與數字所組成的符號,條碼,或圖畫或插畫設計。反射材料之圖案層的施用,使表面浮雕部分沒有反射物覆蓋,或「暴露出來」。在反射材料之圖案層與表面浮雕圖案的暴露部分,選擇性地施加光學活化色彩偏移塗覆物,以提供表面浮雕圖案之暴露部分理想的光學效應,其中該表面浮雕圖案暴露於光學活化色彩偏移塗覆物之下。
在一些具體實施例中,光學活化色彩偏移塗覆物是一層色彩偏移薄膜,或是其包含色彩偏移薄片。或者是,光學活化色彩偏移塗覆物是折射係數與透光基板相匹配的材料,以光學地消除表面浮雕圖案沒有被反射材料覆蓋部分的表面浮雕圖案效應。
從下列敘述與延伸申請專利範圍,或者是從下文所陳述之本發明的實作,本發明之這些與其他特徵將變得更清楚。
本發明係針對一種光學結構,其包含提供光學效應之表面浮雕圖案,如全像;表面浮雕圖案下面的圖案化反射結構;以及圖案層下面之選擇性的光學活化色彩偏移塗覆物,與沒有被圖案層覆蓋之表面浮雕部分。所得之光學結構呈現獨特的光學效果。
附圖以圖解的方式說明本發明之各種態樣,其中類似的結構以類似的參考符號標示。
圖1描述一光學結構20,其包含一透光層22,其內部或其較低的表面上,具有表面浮雕圖案24。
施加圖案化之反射層26以構成表面浮雕圖案之基礎。如所說明的,圖案化之反射層可以直接施加於表面浮雕圖案上,或者是在表面浮雕圖案與圖案化之反射層之間可視情況而有一或更多透射層。
「圖案化」反射層一詞,意指以形成理想之「圖案」或設計的方式在表面浮雕圖案24上面施加反射層。藉由非限制性的實例,圖案化之反射層可以以文字,數字,條碼,
與/或圖畫或插畫設計的形式來形成。
透光層22最好由能夠接受浮雕結構直接位於其表面上之材料所組成。層22之適當材料包含塑膠材料,如聚氯乙烯,聚碳酸酯,壓克力(聚丙烯酸類),與G類型之聚對苯二甲酸乙脂(PET)。
表面浮雕圖案24可以具有各種不同的形式,包含繞射光柵,全像圖案,如二維或三維全像影像,有角反射鏡(corner cube reflectors),零階繞射圖案,疊紋(moiré patterns),或其他光線干涉圖案,包含具有尺寸從約0.1微米(μm)至約10微米範圍,而最好是約0.1微米至約1微米之微結構,以及上述這些全像/光柵影像,或其他干涉圖案的各種組合。舉例來說,具有二維,電腦生成影像的金葛蘭(Kinegram®
)裝置(可從瑞士之OVD金葛蘭(Kinegram)公司購得),其中單獨的圖片元素充滿繞射光線微結構。這些微結構是具有小於約1微米(μm)尺寸之極精細的表面調制。除了傳統全像術,本發明可以應用於任何裝飾於樹脂層的浮雕結構。這包含繞射表面,「娥眼(moth-eye)」類型的結構,具有多重檢視角度的全像術,其中每一檢視角具有不同的全像特徵或影像,或者是鎳上包含高解析度的浮雕,其中以高解析度雷射雕刻來產生原型疊片。
熟諳此藝之士熟知可以用來形成表面浮雕圖案24的方法。舉例來說,層22的表面可以用已知的方法來製作浮雕圖案,如以高壓按壓,使其與加熱之鎳浮雕疊片接觸。其他的方法包含微影蝕刻術,以及塑膠基板對圖案表面之鑄
模。
在一種方法中,可以用熱塑性塑膠膜來製作光學結構20,其中該熱塑性塑膠膜先被加熱,軟化薄膜的表面,接著使薄膜通過具有浮雕圖案的滾筒,使滾筒轉移繞射光柵或全像影像到軟化的表面上。如此一來,可以用上面的繞射光柵或全像影像,有效地形成無限制長度的薄片。或者是,將一卷塗有紫外線(UV)可熔的聚合物的塑膠薄膜,如PMMA,通過一組UV透光滾筒,來製成光學結構20,其中滾筒將圖案轉移到UV可熔聚合物中,而聚合物通過UV透光滾筒時,會被UV光線熔化。
一旦製備好透光層與相關的表面浮雕結構,便以理想的圖案沈積反射材料,以形成圖案化的反射層26。雖然可以使用其他反射或甚至部分反射/部分透光的材料,目前圖案化之反射層的材料最好是金屬,如鋁,銀,鎳,鈀銀合金,銅銀合金,銅,金,或與其類似之金屬。應了解的是,雖然為了獲得理想的效果,此層可以是部分透光的,但是其最好是實質上不透光的,以改善與表面浮雕圖案有關的光學特性。舉例來說,在反射層是實質上不透光之處,通常形成厚度介於50至約100奈米(nm)的金屬層。
目前以使用兩種方法之一,施加圖案化之反射層於理想的圖案/設計中較佳。在一方法中,使用標準的微影蝕刻技術,其中圖案在金屬層上面的光阻層中顯影,經光罩以紫外線固化,接著在鹼金屬水溶液中處理以移除光阻層,其中鹼金屬水溶液如氫氧化鈉(NaOH)溶液。在另一方法中,
藉由使用浮雕表面上非潮濕油墨的凹版印刷圖案,在真空滾動塗層中,實施金屬層的圖案化,其中圖案化的金屬層係在沈積過程期間產生。當金屬沈積於浮雕表面上時,油墨圖案蒸發產生該圖案。在那些沒有油墨的區域,金屬會沈積,並附著於樹脂層,或基板表面。在那些表面有油墨存在的區域,由於沈積金屬的聚熱,油墨會蒸發,而浮雕結構,如全像,則在這些區域上保持沒有金屬層,而產生非金屬化的浮雕結構。
雖然這兩種形成圖案化反射層的方法是目前較佳的,應了解的是,熟諳此藝之士知道本文中所教導的理想結構,可以使用其他的方法來形成圖案化反射層。
圖2描述類似於圖1的結構,但其透光層22上面增加一透光基板32,以形成光學結構30。當形成透光層22的材料是軟的時候,此一具體實施例特別有用,其中基板32可以提供光學結構物理保護與/或強度。透光層22的內部表面亦具有形成於其上之表面浮雕圖案,並與圖案化反射層有關。
目前以使用可塑性加熱成型的材料,來形成透光基板32較佳,舉例來說,可塑性加熱成型材料如塑膠,如聚酯,聚乙烯對苯二甲酸酯(PET),如G類型的PET,聚碳酸酯,壓克力,如包含聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA),聚氯乙烯,聚偏二氯乙烯,聚苯乙烯,二醋酸纖維素與纖維三醋酸酯,以及其混合或共聚物,或與其類似之物的水溶性聚丙烯酸類(即壓克力聚合物)。在一較佳具體實施例中,透光基板32實質上由透明材料,如聚碳酸酯,所組成。形成基板32,
以獲得約3微米(μm)至約100微米的適當厚度,其中以約12微米至約25微米的厚度較佳。雖然基板32係沈積成單層,其亦可形成多層基板材料。
圖3描述類似於圖1之光學結構,但是在圖案化之反射層26與表面浮雕圖案24之暴露部分上面,有額外的層42。層42可以用來保護圖案化之反射層26與表面浮雕圖案24,並且可以增加光學結構40額外的光學特性。舉例來說,層42可以是彩色的,透射的,與/或不透明的。層42可以是簡單的層,或者是可以包含複雜的結構。當層42增加圖1之結構光學特性時,在本文中,其稱為「光學活化」塗覆物。
圖4顯示使用光學活化色彩偏移塗覆物之實例,其描述光學結構50包括一透光層22與圖案化之反射層26,其中該透光層22具有表面浮雕圖案24。使用薄膜光學堆疊來形成光學活化之多層光學色彩偏移塗覆物58,其中薄膜光學堆疊係施加於圖案化之反射層與表面浮雕圖案之暴露部分。
在圖4中,多層光學色彩偏移塗覆物58係由部分吸收/部分透射的層52所組成,在下文中,其稱為「吸收」層,光學介電質層54,與反射層56。依據美國專利第5,135,812號之教導,其專利全文以引用的方式併入本文中,其揭示這些層會增加光學結構50的色彩偏移特性,意味著色彩隨檢視角度改變。
已經發現這些結構能提供有用的光學特性。在圖案化反射層覆蓋表面浮雕圖案的那些區域,可以觀察到連同圖1之結構一起產生的光學效應。可是,在表面浮雕圖案下面
沒有反射層的區域,多層光學色彩偏移塗覆物將提供唯一的光學效應。舉例來說,在圖案化之鋁反射層位於呈現全像之表面浮雕圖案下面的情況中,可以看到色彩的標準全像集合,而這通常顯示彩虹的顏色,其中隨著傾斜角度增加,色彩從藍色移動到紅色。由於色彩偏移塗覆物58產生特定的色彩,改變全像的繞射/干涉效應,在直接施加多層光學色彩偏移塗覆物58於表面浮雕圖案的那些區域中,全像術採取不同的視覺色彩。
形成吸收層52以具有約30-300埃的適當厚度,而其中以約50-100埃的厚度較佳。吸收層可以由半透明材料組成,例如灰色金屬,包含鉻,鎳,鈦,釩,鈷,鋁,以及與其類似之金屬。也可以使用上述金屬的各種組合或合金,如英高鎳(鎳鉻鐵),或鎳鉻。吸收層52中也可以使用其他包含金屬化合物的吸收材料,如金屬低氧化物,金屬硫化物,金屬氮化物,金屬碳化物,金屬磷化物,金屬硒化物,金屬矽化物,與其組合,以及碳,鍺,三氧化二鐵,金屬混合介電基質,以及與其類似之物。
光學介電質層54可以藉由傳統的沈積過程而形成於吸收層18上,如使用電子束或電阻式加熱的物理氣相沈積(PVD),化學蒸汽沈積(CVD),電漿增強化學氣相沈積(PECVD),反應性DC濺鍍法,射頻濺鍍法,或與其類似之方法。形成介電質層以具有一有效之光學厚度,而提供光學結構50色彩偏移性質。層的光學厚度通常以相對於理想波長的四分之一波長光學厚度(QWOT)表示,其中理想波長
滿足QWOT條件。依據所需之色彩偏移,介電質層54的光學厚度範圍可以從設計波長約400奈米(nm)時約2 QWOT至設計波長約700奈米時約9 QWOT,而其中以在400至700奈米時為2至6 QWOT較佳。適當的介電質層54材料包含具有「高」折射係數者與具有「低」折射係數者,在本文中「高」折射係數是指大約大於1.65,而「低」折射係數是指約1.65或更小。
適合介電質層54之高折射係數材料包含硫化鋅(ZnS),氧化鋅(ZnO),二氧化鋯(ZrO2
),二氧化鈦(TiO2
),碳(C),三氧化二銦(In2
O3
),氧化錫銦(ITO),五氧化二鉭(Ta2
O5
),二氧化鈰(CeO2
),三氧化二釔(Y2
O3
),三氧化二銪(Eu2
O3
),諸如四氧化三鐵(Fe3
O4
),與三氧化鐵(Fe2
O3
)之氧化鐵,氮化鉿(HfN),碳化鉿(HfC),二氧化鉿(HfO2
),三氧化二鑭(La2
O3
),氧化鎂(MgO),三氧化二釹(Nd2
O3
),氧化鐠(Pr6
O11
),三氧化二釤(Sm2
O3
),三氧化二銻(Sb2
O3
),碳化矽(SiC),氮化矽(Si3
N4
),氧化矽(SiO),三氧化二硒(Se2
O3
),二氧化錫(SnO2
),三氧化鎢(WO3
),與其組合,以及與其類似之材料。適合介電質層54之低折射係數材料,包含二氧化矽(SiO2
),三氧化二鋁(Al2
O3
),金屬氟化物,如二氟化鎂(MgF2
),三氟化鋁(AlF3
),三氟化鈰(CeF3
),三氟化鑭(LaF3
),鋁碘氟化物(如,Na3
AlF6
或Na5
Al3
F14
),三氟化釹(NdF3
),三氟化釤(SmF3
),二氟化鋇(BaF2
),二氟化鈣(CaF2
),氟化鋰(LiF),與其組合,或具有約1.65或更小之任何低折射係數的材料。舉例來說,可以使用有機單體與聚
合物當作低折射係數的材料,這些材料包含乙烯或烯屬烴,如酯類(如,丙烯酸甲酯),perfluoroalkenes,聚四氟乙烯(鐵氟龍),乙烯丙烯氟化物(FEP),與其組合,以及與其類似之材料。
可以使用傳統沈積過程,如PVD,濺鍍,或與其類似之方法,在介電質層54上,形成反射層56。形成的反射層56最好具有約300-1000埃的厚度,而其中以約500-1000埃的厚度較佳。依據所需之色彩效果,反射層56最好由不透明,高反射的金屬所組成,如鋁,銀,銅,金,白金,鈮,錫,與其組合或合金,以及與其類似之金屬。應了解的是,也可以使用其他適當厚度的金屬,如鉻,鎳,鉭,釩,鈷,與鈀,或鈷鎳合金,以及其他適當厚度的反射材料,當作反射層56。
圖5概要地描述光學結構之另一具體實施例。圖5顯示一光學結構60,其具有形成於透射層22上的表面浮雕圖案24,以及表面浮雕圖案下面的圖案化反射層26。在圖案化反射層下面與光學浮雕圖案的暴露部分,施加包含懸浮薄片64之透射基板,當硬化或固化時,其形成包含懸浮薄片64的透射層62。所使用之特殊薄片不需要如所顯示是平坦的,而可以是任何理想的色素或粒子,或者是不同的空間方向,以提供理想的光學效應。可是,當薄片具有高的橫寬比,而且是平坦的,使其平行層22時,會發生最強的色彩偏移效應。適合與圖5之具體實施例一起使用的色彩偏移薄片,是美國專利第5,135,812號敘述的那一種類型,該專
利全文以引用的方式併入本文中。
除了觀察到表面浮雕圖案24與圖案化反射層26之組合所產生的效果以外,層62中的懸浮色彩偏移薄片的效果,也導致色彩偏移效應。使用懸浮薄片而非圖4所示之連續結構,增加額外的光學效應等級,而這取決於透射層62承載多少的薄片64,薄片64大小與橫寬比,薄片64的光學特性,以及薄片的其他特性等因素。
圖6描述光學結構70,其類似於圖5之光學結構60,差別在於圖6之具體實施例使用一種材料來形成透射層72,而該材料之折射係數與透射層22之折射係數相匹配。係數相匹配的效果是有效地「消除」層22與72之間的光學邊界,該邊界如圖6虛線所說明。換句話說,表面浮雕圖案24與圖案化反射物質26的組合,會導致以上討論的光學效果,但是在圖案24上施加係數相匹配的材料72,則不會展現出與表面浮雕圖案相關的光學效應。因此,在具體實施例6中,可以在表面浮雕圖案沒有被圖案化反射層26覆蓋的部分觀察到的光學效應,只有由懸浮於材料72中之薄片64所引起的那些光學效應。
應該了解的是係數相匹配的層可以和圖3之具體實施例一起使用,如此在表面浮雕圖案24施加圖案化反射物質26的區域,可以觀察到光學效應,但是在沒有反射物質覆蓋的表面浮雕圖案區域,則觀察不到這種表面浮雕效果。
經由本文之教導,應了解的是,藉由選擇以上所述之特性的組合,可以獲得各種效應。舉例來說,可以選擇僅將
表面浮雕圖案24放置於層22的一部分區域上,或者是可以選擇用表面浮雕圖案覆蓋整個表面。在透射層22的不同位置上,可以使用不同類型的表面浮雕圖案。可以使用不同的材料來形成圖案化反射物質26的不同部分,以獲得不同的光學效應。可以使用超過一種類型以上的薄片64,而不是單一組成或結構的薄片,或者是,可以在光學結構的一個區域放置一種薄片,而在其他區域放置不同類型的薄片。可以使用各種類型的多層薄片,以覆蓋表面浮雕圖案24與圖案化反射物質26的結合,以提供理想的光學效應。舉例來說,薄膜光學堆疊可以包含其他光學塗覆物,如全介電質系統,其中不僅看到光學偏移,而且可以觀察到紅外線的特徵,因此可以作為隱藏的安全特性。
圖7A及7B描述利用本發明特徵之熱燙印箔片。熱燙印裝置可特別地適用於保護安全性文件,諸如現金貨幣,支票,信用卡,護照,官方證書,身份證等等。熱燙印裝置亦可用於輔助在藥品,化粧品,電子裝置,軟體,服飾或任何具有可能被仿冒之產品領域中之商標保護。在後者提到的例子中,熱燙印裝置可被貼附於盒子,容器或項目本身上面。
圖7A描述根據本發明之熱燙印裝置80之一型式。經由實例,如圖3所示之光學結構40,可以夾在載紙(carrier sheet)82與熱釋放層84之間,熱釋放層(thermal release layer)84位於其中一面,而熱活化黏膠86則位於另一面。圖7A描述熱燙印裝置80在安全性文件88上的應用。圖7B描述
應用此一結構的結果,其不僅提供視覺的檢驗,也具有不能輕易偽造的優點,因為認證裝置必須同時有設計圖案的高解析度浮雕技術,如全像術,以及光學活化色彩偏移塗覆物,才能獲得相同的光學特性。
本發明可以用其他的方式來實現,而不脫離其精神或基本特性。就各方面而言,所敘述之具體實施例應視為說明,而非限制。因此,本發明之範圍係由延伸申請專利範圍所指定,而不是之前的敘述。與專利申請範圍等同之意義與範圍內的所有改變,應包含於本發明之範圍內。
20,30,40,50,60,70‧‧‧光學結構
22‧‧‧透光層
24‧‧‧表面浮雕圖案
26‧‧‧圖案化之反射層
32‧‧‧透光基板
42‧‧‧額外的層
58‧‧‧光學活化之多層光學色彩偏移
塗覆物
52‧‧‧部分吸收/部分透射的層
54‧‧‧光學介電質層
56‧‧‧反射層
62,72‧‧‧透射層
64‧‧‧薄片
80‧‧‧熱燙印裝置
82‧‧‧載紙(carrier sheet)
84‧‧‧熱釋放層(thermal release layer)
86‧‧‧熱活化黏膠
88‧‧‧安全性文件
上文為了進一步闡明本發明之上述及其他優點與特徵,已參考以附圖說明之特定具體實施例,提供更明確的敘述。應了解的是,這些圖式只是本發明之典型的具體實施例,因此不應視為其範圍的限制。經由附圖的使用,可以更明確與詳細地敘述與解說本發明,其中:圖1係一光學結構之概要描寫,其係根據本發明之一具體實施例;圖2係一光學結構之概要描寫,其係根據本發明之另一具體實施例;圖3係一光學結構之概要描寫,其係根據本發明之進一步具體實施例;圖4係一光學結構之概要描寫,其係根據本發明之另一具體實施例;圖5係一光學結構之概要描寫,其係根據本發明之另一具
體實施例;圖6係一光學結構之概要描寫,其係根據本發明之進一步具體實施例;圖7A與7B係一安全性物品的概要描寫,其係根據本發明之另一具體實施例。
20‧‧‧光學結構
22‧‧‧透光層
24‧‧‧表面浮雕圖案
26‧‧‧圖案化之反射層
Claims (14)
- 一種光學結構,包括:一透光基板,其具有第一表面與相對之第二表面,其中第二表面上具有表面浮雕圖案;一反射材料之圖案化層,其被施加在透光基板之表面浮雕圖案部分上,使得表面浮雕圖案之一些部分被反射材料覆蓋,而表面浮雕圖案之其他部分則暴露出來;及一光學活化色彩偏移塗覆物,其位在圖案化層與表面浮雕圖案之暴露部分下面,其中該色彩偏移塗覆物具有一在觀看角度改變或光線入射角度改變時之可視改變色彩。
- 如請求項1之光學結構,其中該光學活化色彩偏移塗覆物包含一鋁反射層。
- 如請求項1之光學結構,其中該光學活化色彩偏移塗覆物是一薄膜光學堆疊。
- 如請求項3之光學結構,其中薄膜光學堆疊包含:一部分吸收/部分透射的層;一介電質層;及一反射層。
- 如請求項1之光學結構,其中該光學活化色彩偏移塗覆物包含薄片,這些薄片可增加表面浮雕圖案之暴露部分所需要的光學效應。
- 如請求項5之光學結構,其中該等薄片是薄膜光學堆疊,其包含: 一部分吸收/部分透射的層;一介電質層;及一反射層。
- 如請求項1之光學結構,其中該光學活化色彩偏移塗覆物具有實質上與透光基板之折射率相匹配的折射係數,使表面浮雕圖案的光學效應不會由表面浮雕圖案的暴露部分表現出來。
- 如請求項5之光學結構,其中該光學活化色彩偏移塗覆物具有實質上與透光基板之折射率相匹配的折射係數,使表面浮雕圖案的光學效應不會由表面浮雕圖案的暴露部分表現出來。
- 如請求項1之光學結構,其中反射材料之圖案化層是不透明的。
- 如請求項1之光學結構,其中所施加之該反射材料之圖案化層可形成一圖形設計。
- 如請求項1之光學結構,其中所施加之該反射材料之圖案化層可形成由字母與數字組成的符號。
- 如請求項1之光學結構,其中所施加之該反射材料之圖案化層可形成插畫設計。
- 如請求項1之光學結構,其中該表面浮雕圖案係選自由繞射光柵圖案,全像影像圖案,角反射鏡,零階繞射圖案,疊紋及其組合所組成之群。
- 一種光學結構,包括:一透光基板,其具有第一表面與相對之第二表面,其 中第二表面上具有表面浮雕圖案;一反射材料之圖案化層,其被施加在透光基板之表面浮雕圖案部分,使得表面浮雕圖案之一些部分被反射材料覆蓋,而表面浮雕圖案之其他部分則暴露出來;及一塗覆物,其位在圖案化層與表面浮雕圖案之暴露部分下面,具有實質上與透光基板之折射率相匹配的折射係數,以使得表面浮雕圖案的光學效應不會由表面浮雕圖案的暴露部分表現出來,其中該塗覆物係一色彩偏移塗覆物,其具有一在觀看角度改變或光線入射角度改變時之可視改變色彩。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/666,318 US6987590B2 (en) | 2003-09-18 | 2003-09-18 | Patterned reflective optical structures |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW200513813A TW200513813A (en) | 2005-04-16 |
| TWI383275B true TWI383275B (zh) | 2013-01-21 |
Family
ID=34313078
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW093128288A TWI383275B (zh) | 2003-09-18 | 2004-09-17 | 具有圖案之反射光學結構 |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6987590B2 (zh) |
| EP (3) | EP3441825A1 (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR101040095B1 (zh) |
| CN (2) | CN101470229A (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2529344A1 (zh) |
| DK (1) | DK1664939T3 (zh) |
| TW (1) | TWI383275B (zh) |
| UA (1) | UA87281C2 (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2005026848A2 (zh) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI766106B (zh) * | 2017-09-29 | 2022-06-01 | 荷蘭商耐克創新有限合夥公司 | 具有結構性色彩的物件 |
Families Citing this family (102)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7047883B2 (en) | 2002-07-15 | 2006-05-23 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Method and apparatus for orienting magnetic flakes |
| US6761959B1 (en) * | 1999-07-08 | 2004-07-13 | Flex Products, Inc. | Diffractive surfaces with color shifting backgrounds |
| US7604855B2 (en) * | 2002-07-15 | 2009-10-20 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Kinematic images formed by orienting alignable flakes |
| US7517578B2 (en) * | 2002-07-15 | 2009-04-14 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Method and apparatus for orienting magnetic flakes |
| US7667895B2 (en) | 1999-07-08 | 2010-02-23 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Patterned structures with optically variable effects |
| US20070195392A1 (en) * | 1999-07-08 | 2007-08-23 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Adhesive Chromagram And Method Of Forming Thereof |
| US11768321B2 (en) | 2000-01-21 | 2023-09-26 | Viavi Solutions Inc. | Optically variable security devices |
| EP1849620B1 (en) * | 2000-01-21 | 2016-03-23 | Viavi Solutions Inc. | Optically variable security devices |
| US7625632B2 (en) * | 2002-07-15 | 2009-12-01 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Alignable diffractive pigment flakes and method and apparatus for alignment and images formed therefrom |
| US6902807B1 (en) * | 2002-09-13 | 2005-06-07 | Flex Products, Inc. | Alignable diffractive pigment flakes |
| US7934451B2 (en) * | 2002-07-15 | 2011-05-03 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Apparatus for orienting magnetic flakes |
| US11230127B2 (en) | 2002-07-15 | 2022-01-25 | Viavi Solutions Inc. | Method and apparatus for orienting magnetic flakes |
| US20100208351A1 (en) * | 2002-07-15 | 2010-08-19 | Nofi Michael R | Selective and oriented assembly of platelet materials and functional additives |
| US7241489B2 (en) * | 2002-09-13 | 2007-07-10 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Opaque flake for covert security applications |
| US7258915B2 (en) * | 2003-08-14 | 2007-08-21 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Flake for covert security applications |
| US7674501B2 (en) * | 2002-09-13 | 2010-03-09 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Two-step method of coating an article for security printing by application of electric or magnetic field |
| US9164575B2 (en) * | 2002-09-13 | 2015-10-20 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Provision of frames or borders around pigment flakes for covert security applications |
| US9458324B2 (en) | 2002-09-13 | 2016-10-04 | Viava Solutions Inc. | Flakes with undulate borders and method of forming thereof |
| US8025952B2 (en) | 2002-09-13 | 2011-09-27 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Printed magnetic ink overt security image |
| US7645510B2 (en) * | 2002-09-13 | 2010-01-12 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Provision of frames or borders around opaque flakes for covert security applications |
| US7550197B2 (en) * | 2003-08-14 | 2009-06-23 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Non-toxic flakes for authentication of pharmaceutical articles |
| WO2005081071A1 (en) * | 2004-02-19 | 2005-09-01 | Stichting Dutch Polymer Institute | Process for preparing a polymeric relief structure |
| FR2872322B1 (fr) * | 2004-06-23 | 2006-09-22 | Arjowiggins Security Soc Par A | Article tel qu'un support de donnees ou un dispositif de conditionnement, comportant une structure interferencielle multicouche semi-reflechissante |
| CZ2004869A3 (cs) * | 2004-08-06 | 2006-03-15 | Optaglio S. R .O. | Zpusob vytvorení trojrozmerného obrazu, difraktivní prvek a zpusob jeho vytvorení |
| DE102005006277B4 (de) | 2005-02-10 | 2007-09-20 | Ovd Kinegram Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Mehrschichtkörpers |
| CA2541568C (en) * | 2005-04-06 | 2014-05-13 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Dynamic appearance-changing optical devices (dacod) printed in a shaped magnetic field including printable fresnel structures |
| AU2006202315B2 (en) * | 2005-06-17 | 2011-01-27 | Viavi Solutions Inc. | Covert security coating |
| US7487915B2 (en) * | 2005-09-09 | 2009-02-10 | Graphic Security Systems Corporation | Reflective decoders for use in decoding optically encoded images |
| PL1767381T3 (pl) * | 2005-09-20 | 2009-04-30 | Alcan Tech & Management Ltd | Przedmiot z optycznym efektem |
| CA2564764C (en) * | 2005-10-25 | 2014-05-13 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Patterned optical structures with enhanced security feature |
| JP2007166190A (ja) * | 2005-12-13 | 2007-06-28 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | D級アンプ |
| CA2570965A1 (en) * | 2005-12-15 | 2007-06-15 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Security device with metameric features using diffractive pigment flakes |
| GB0600323D0 (en) * | 2006-01-09 | 2006-02-15 | Rue De Int Ltd | Improved optically variable magnetic stripe |
| US8526084B2 (en) * | 2006-02-17 | 2013-09-03 | Sancoa International Company, L.P. | Holographic structure and method for producing the same |
| US10343436B2 (en) | 2006-02-27 | 2019-07-09 | Viavi Solutions Inc. | Security device formed by printing with special effect inks |
| EP1832439B1 (en) * | 2006-03-06 | 2014-04-23 | JDS Uniphase Corporation | Article having an optical effect |
| US12204120B2 (en) | 2006-03-06 | 2025-01-21 | Viavi Solutions Inc. | Optically variable security devices |
| EP1854642B1 (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2015-05-27 | JDS Uniphase Corporation | A security device formed by a hologram and a color shifting ink |
| PL2024447T3 (pl) * | 2006-05-31 | 2011-11-30 | Csem Ct Suisse Delectronique Microtechnique Sa Rech Developpement | Osnowa zawierająca pigmenty o dyfrakcji zerowego rzędu |
| FR2901812B1 (fr) * | 2006-06-06 | 2008-12-05 | Arjowiggins Security Soc Par A | Element de securite comprenant un motif discernable |
| CA2592667C (en) * | 2006-07-12 | 2014-05-13 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Stamping a coating of cured field aligned special effect flakes and image formed thereby |
| DE102006050047A1 (de) * | 2006-10-24 | 2008-04-30 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Durchsichtssicherheitselement mit Mikrostrukturen |
| CA2613830A1 (en) | 2006-12-15 | 2008-06-15 | Alberto Argoitia | An article with micro indicia security enhancement |
| US8314989B1 (en) | 2006-12-29 | 2012-11-20 | Lightsmyth Technologies Inc. | Decorative, ornamental, or jewelry articles having arrays of diffraction gratings |
| ATE553753T1 (de) | 2007-02-16 | 2012-05-15 | Suisse Electronique Microtech | Überprüfungsverfahren |
| JP5254557B2 (ja) * | 2007-02-22 | 2013-08-07 | 三光合成株式会社 | 装飾用パネル |
| JP5254558B2 (ja) * | 2007-02-22 | 2013-08-07 | 三光合成株式会社 | 装飾用パネル |
| US7618821B2 (en) * | 2007-04-13 | 2009-11-17 | Streck, Inc. | Simulated blood components and methods |
| CN101388164B (zh) * | 2007-05-07 | 2012-07-04 | Jds尤尼弗思公司 | 光学可变装置和制造通过旋转展示可见的颜色变化的装置的方法 |
| US7719752B2 (en) | 2007-05-11 | 2010-05-18 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | MEMS structures, methods of fabricating MEMS components on separate substrates and assembly of same |
| US8233218B1 (en) * | 2007-07-18 | 2012-07-31 | Lightsmyth Technologies Inc. | Decorative, ornamental, or jewelry articles having diffraction gratings |
| DE102007034716A1 (de) † | 2007-07-23 | 2009-01-29 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Sicherheitselement |
| US20090141355A1 (en) * | 2007-09-25 | 2009-06-04 | Opsec Security Group, Inc. | Security device, reflective layer therefor, and associated method |
| US8270079B1 (en) | 2007-11-15 | 2012-09-18 | Lightsmyth Technologies Inc. | Decorative, ornamental, or jewelry articles having diffraction gratings |
| DE102007061827A1 (de) * | 2007-12-20 | 2009-06-25 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Sicherheitselement und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
| DE102007061828A1 (de) * | 2007-12-20 | 2009-06-25 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Sicherheitselement und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
| JP2009193069A (ja) | 2008-02-13 | 2009-08-27 | Jds Uniphase Corp | 光学的な特殊効果フレークを含むレーザ印刷用の媒体 |
| DE102008009296A1 (de) * | 2008-02-15 | 2009-08-20 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Sicherheitselement und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
| DE102008013167A1 (de) * | 2008-03-07 | 2009-09-10 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Sicherheitselement und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
| US8023191B2 (en) * | 2008-05-07 | 2011-09-20 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Printable static interferometric images |
| EP2360026A4 (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2014-02-19 | Panasonic Corp | EXTERNAL COMPONENT, MANUFACTURING METHOD AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE THEREFOR |
| WO2010111798A1 (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2010-10-07 | Boegli-Gravures S.A. | Method and device for structuring a solid body surface with a hard coating with a first laser with pulses in the nanosecond field and a second laser with pulses in the pico- or femtosecond field |
| JP5655060B2 (ja) | 2009-05-01 | 2015-01-14 | エフピーイノベイションズ | ナノ結晶のセルロースフィルムの虹色の波長の制御 |
| DE102010047250A1 (de) | 2009-12-04 | 2011-06-09 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Sicherheitselement, Wertdokument mit einem solchen Sicherheitselement sowie Herstellungsverfahren eines Sicherheitselementes |
| DE102009056934A1 (de) | 2009-12-04 | 2011-06-09 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Sicherheitselement, Wertdokument mit einem solchen Sicherheitselement sowie Herstellungsverfahren eines Sicherheitselementes |
| TW201121793A (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2011-07-01 | Sipix Chemical Inc | Decorated device and fabricating method thereof |
| US8593732B1 (en) | 2010-01-23 | 2013-11-26 | Lightsmyth Technologies, Inc. | Partially metallized total internal reflection immersion grating |
| JP5929013B2 (ja) * | 2011-05-25 | 2016-06-01 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | 着色偽造防止構造体および着色偽造防止媒体 |
| DE102011108242A1 (de) * | 2011-07-21 | 2013-01-24 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Optisch variables Element, insbesondere Sicherheitselement |
| RU2728839C2 (ru) | 2012-01-12 | 2020-07-31 | Виави Солюшнз Инк. | Изделие с изогнутыми узорами, сформированными из выровненных пигментных хлопьев |
| CA2890164C (en) | 2013-01-09 | 2023-01-10 | Sicpa Holding Sa | Optical effect layers showing a viewing angle dependent optical effect; processes and devices for their production; items carrying an optical effect layer; and uses thereof |
| KR20140096661A (ko) * | 2013-01-28 | 2014-08-06 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 무안경식 반사형 3차원 칼라 디스플레이 |
| FR3004470B1 (fr) * | 2013-04-11 | 2015-05-22 | Arjowiggins Security | Element de securite comportant un pigment interferentiel et une charge nanometrique. |
| FR3004471B1 (fr) | 2013-04-11 | 2015-10-23 | Arjowiggins Security | Element de securite comportant une structure de masquage contenant un melange de charges nanometriques. |
| US10802184B2 (en) | 2014-04-28 | 2020-10-13 | Ii-Vi Delaware Inc. | Reflective diffraction gratings employing efficiency enhancement or etch barrier layers |
| CN105516399B (zh) * | 2014-09-26 | 2019-01-22 | 南昌欧菲光学技术有限公司 | 标识、手机的玻璃盖板及带标识的基板的制作方法 |
| US20190147206A1 (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2019-05-16 | Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. | Information storage device and information readout device |
| BR112018012470A2 (pt) * | 2015-12-18 | 2018-12-11 | Visual Physics Llc Us | ?sistema de projeção de imagem de camada única, material de folha, documento, bem de consumo ou não consumo e produto para projetar imagens de grande dimensão |
| GB2555491B (en) | 2016-11-01 | 2019-03-27 | De La Rue Int Ltd | Security devices and methods of manufacture thereof |
| US10514597B2 (en) | 2016-11-30 | 2019-12-24 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Lithography mask with both transmission-type and reflective-type overlay marks and method of fabricating the same |
| EP4234803A3 (en) | 2017-02-14 | 2023-10-11 | NIKE Innovate C.V. | Anti-odor compositions, structures having anti-odor characteristics, methods of making the anti-odor compositions and the structures |
| GB2566975B (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2020-03-25 | De La Rue Int Ltd | Security Device And Method Of Manufacture Thereof |
| CN108021965A (zh) * | 2017-12-31 | 2018-05-11 | 深圳正品创想科技有限公司 | 一种立体二维码以及立体二维码的扫码方法 |
| CN110001234B (zh) * | 2018-01-05 | 2022-08-30 | 中钞特种防伪科技有限公司 | 光学防伪元件和光学防伪产品 |
| KR102594844B1 (ko) * | 2018-04-10 | 2023-10-27 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 장식 부재 |
| US11932001B2 (en) | 2018-06-15 | 2024-03-19 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Decoration member |
| CN111683563B (zh) * | 2018-06-15 | 2023-05-12 | 株式会社Lg化学 | 装饰构件 |
| CN109624589A (zh) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-04-16 | 佛山市易晟达科技有限公司 | 一种具有光栅图案的盖板及其制造方法 |
| WO2020263362A1 (en) | 2019-06-26 | 2020-12-30 | Nike Innovate C.V. | Structurally-colored articles and methods for making and using structurally-colored articles |
| WO2021021562A1 (en) | 2019-07-26 | 2021-02-04 | Nike, Inc. | Structurally-colored articles and methods for making and using structurally-colored articles |
| WO2021041635A1 (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2021-03-04 | Carlex Glass America, Llc | Laminated glazing having holographic film and method for producing a laminated glazing |
| WO2021080913A1 (en) | 2019-10-21 | 2021-04-29 | Nike, Inc. | Structurally-colored articles |
| KR20210116766A (ko) | 2020-03-13 | 2021-09-28 | (주)바이오스마트 | 카드의 표면 문양을 광의 굴절현상으로 구현하는 플라스틱 시트 및 그 제조방법 |
| US20210323338A1 (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2021-10-21 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Embossed film assembly having pastel holographic security features |
| US20210373213A1 (en) | 2020-05-29 | 2021-12-02 | Nike, Inc. | Structurally-colored articles and methods for making and using structurally-colored articles |
| US11241062B1 (en) | 2020-08-07 | 2022-02-08 | Nike, Inc. | Footwear article having repurposed material with structural-color concealing layer |
| US11129444B1 (en) | 2020-08-07 | 2021-09-28 | Nike, Inc. | Footwear article having repurposed material with concealing layer |
| US11889894B2 (en) | 2020-08-07 | 2024-02-06 | Nike, Inc. | Footwear article having concealing layer |
| KR102474659B1 (ko) | 2020-11-09 | 2022-12-06 | (주)바이오스마트 | 조각 패널들에 의한 금속카드의 고급화 방법 |
| DE102020006902A1 (de) | 2020-11-10 | 2022-05-12 | Giesecke+Devrient Currency Technology Gmbh | Optisch variables Sicherheitselement und Verfahren zum Erzeugen eines optisch variablen Sicherheitselementes |
| KR102481675B1 (ko) | 2020-11-16 | 2022-12-28 | (주)바이오스마트 | 타공 금속 카드 및 그 제조방법 |
| DE102022121363A1 (de) * | 2022-08-24 | 2024-02-29 | HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA | Beschichtungsstruktur zur Beschichtung eines Reflektors für den Einsatz in einem Scheinwerfer eines Kraftfahrzeugs |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5411296A (en) * | 1988-02-12 | 1995-05-02 | American Banknote Holographics, Inc. | Non-continuous holograms, methods of making them and articles incorporating them |
| US5424119A (en) * | 1994-02-04 | 1995-06-13 | Flex Products, Inc. | Polymeric sheet having oriented multilayer interference thin film flakes therein, product using the same and method |
| TW321737B (en) * | 1997-05-26 | 1997-12-01 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Dot-matrix hologram publishing system |
| US5742411A (en) * | 1996-04-23 | 1998-04-21 | Advanced Deposition Technologies, Inc. | Security hologram with covert messaging |
| US6150022A (en) * | 1998-12-07 | 2000-11-21 | Flex Products, Inc. | Bright metal flake based pigments |
Family Cites Families (64)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3011383A (en) * | 1957-04-30 | 1961-12-05 | Carpenter L E Co | Decorative optical material |
| CA1090631A (en) * | 1975-12-22 | 1980-12-02 | Roland Moraw | Holographic identification elements and method and apparatus for manufacture thereof |
| US4155627A (en) * | 1976-02-02 | 1979-05-22 | Rca Corporation | Color diffractive subtractive filter master recording comprising a plurality of superposed two-level relief patterns on the surface of a substrate |
| US4066280A (en) * | 1976-06-08 | 1978-01-03 | American Bank Note Company | Documents of value printed to prevent counterfeiting |
| US4168983A (en) * | 1978-04-13 | 1979-09-25 | Vittands Walter A | Phosphate coating composition |
| US5569535A (en) * | 1979-12-28 | 1996-10-29 | Flex Products, Inc. | High chroma multilayer interference platelets |
| US5084351A (en) * | 1979-12-28 | 1992-01-28 | Flex Products, Inc. | Optically variable multilayer thin film interference stack on flexible insoluble web |
| US4434010A (en) * | 1979-12-28 | 1984-02-28 | Optical Coating Laboratory, Inc. | Article and method for forming thin film flakes and coatings |
| US5059245A (en) * | 1979-12-28 | 1991-10-22 | Flex Products, Inc. | Ink incorporating optically variable thin film flakes |
| US5171363A (en) * | 1979-12-28 | 1992-12-15 | Flex Products, Inc. | Optically variable printing ink |
| US5135812A (en) * | 1979-12-28 | 1992-08-04 | Flex Products, Inc. | Optically variable thin film flake and collection of the same |
| CA1232068A (en) * | 1984-06-08 | 1988-01-26 | National Research Council Of Canada | Form depicting, optical interference authenticating device |
| US4705300A (en) * | 1984-07-13 | 1987-11-10 | Optical Coating Laboratory, Inc. | Thin film optically variable article and method having gold to green color shift for currency authentication |
| US4705356A (en) * | 1984-07-13 | 1987-11-10 | Optical Coating Laboratory, Inc. | Thin film optical variable article having substantial color shift with angle and method |
| DE3500079A1 (de) * | 1985-01-03 | 1986-07-10 | Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf | Mittel und verfahren zur erzeugung farbloser verdichtungsschichten auf anodisierten aluminiumoberflaechen |
| US4721217A (en) * | 1986-08-07 | 1988-01-26 | Optical Coating Laboratory, Inc. | Tamper evident optically variable device and article utilizing the same |
| US4779898A (en) * | 1986-11-21 | 1988-10-25 | Optical Coating Laboratory, Inc. | Thin film optically variable article and method having gold to green color shift for currency authentication |
| US4930866A (en) * | 1986-11-21 | 1990-06-05 | Flex Products, Inc. | Thin film optical variable article and method having gold to green color shift for currency authentication |
| US5128779A (en) * | 1988-02-12 | 1992-07-07 | American Banknote Holographics, Inc. | Non-continuous holograms, methods of making them and articles incorporating them |
| US5002312A (en) * | 1988-05-03 | 1991-03-26 | Flex Products, Inc. | Pre-imaged high resolution hot stamp transfer foil, article and method |
| US4838648A (en) * | 1988-05-03 | 1989-06-13 | Optical Coating Laboratory, Inc. | Thin film structure having magnetic and color shifting properties |
| US5278590A (en) * | 1989-04-26 | 1994-01-11 | Flex Products, Inc. | Transparent optically variable device |
| DE59005737D1 (de) * | 1989-12-01 | 1994-06-23 | Landis & Gyr Business Support | Anordnung zur Verbesserung der Fälschungssicherheit eines Wertdokumentes. |
| US5142383A (en) * | 1990-01-25 | 1992-08-25 | American Banknote Holographics, Inc. | Holograms with discontinuous metallization including alpha-numeric shapes |
| US5214530A (en) * | 1990-08-16 | 1993-05-25 | Flex Products, Inc. | Optically variable interference device with peak suppression and method |
| US5254390B1 (en) * | 1990-11-15 | 1999-05-18 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Plano-convex base sheet for retroreflective articles |
| US5549774A (en) * | 1992-05-11 | 1996-08-27 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Method of enhancing the visibility of diffraction pattern surface embossment |
| US5672410A (en) * | 1992-05-11 | 1997-09-30 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Embossed metallic leafing pigments |
| DE4217511A1 (de) * | 1992-05-27 | 1993-12-02 | Basf Ag | Glanzpigmente auf der Basis von mehrfach beschichteten plättchenförmigen metallischen Substraten |
| US5339737B1 (en) * | 1992-07-20 | 1997-06-10 | Presstek Inc | Lithographic printing plates for use with laser-discharge imaging apparatus |
| USRE35512F1 (en) | 1992-07-20 | 1998-08-04 | Presstek Inc | Lithographic printing members for use with laser-discharge imaging |
| US5856048A (en) * | 1992-07-27 | 1999-01-05 | Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. | Information-recorded media and methods for reading the information |
| US5549953A (en) * | 1993-04-29 | 1996-08-27 | National Research Council Of Canada | Optical recording media having optically-variable security properties |
| CN1097165A (zh) * | 1993-07-06 | 1995-01-11 | 杨德宁 | 金黄色镜面镭射光栅图案玻璃 |
| TW265421B (zh) * | 1993-11-23 | 1995-12-11 | Commw Scient Ind Res Org | |
| US5464710A (en) * | 1993-12-10 | 1995-11-07 | Deposition Technologies, Inc. | Enhancement of optically variable images |
| DE4343387A1 (de) | 1993-12-18 | 1995-06-29 | Kurz Leonhard Fa | Visuell identifizierbares, optisches Sicherheitselement für Wertdokumente |
| US5700550A (en) * | 1993-12-27 | 1997-12-23 | Toppan Printing Co., Ltd. | Transparent hologram seal |
| US5591527A (en) * | 1994-11-02 | 1997-01-07 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Optical security articles and methods for making same |
| US5641719A (en) * | 1995-05-09 | 1997-06-24 | Flex Products, Inc. | Mixed oxide high index optical coating material and method |
| EP0756945A1 (en) | 1995-07-31 | 1997-02-05 | National Bank Of Belgium | Colour copy protection of security documents |
| DE19538295A1 (de) * | 1995-10-14 | 1997-04-17 | Basf Ag | Goniochromatische Glanzpigmente mit siliciumhaltiger Beschichtung |
| US5815292A (en) * | 1996-02-21 | 1998-09-29 | Advanced Deposition Technologies, Inc. | Low cost diffraction images for high security application |
| DE19618564A1 (de) * | 1996-05-09 | 1997-11-13 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Plättchenförmiges Titandioxidpigment |
| GB9619781D0 (en) | 1996-09-23 | 1996-11-06 | Secr Defence | Multi layer interference coatings |
| US6112388A (en) * | 1997-07-07 | 2000-09-05 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Embossed metallic flakelets and method for producing the same |
| US6168100B1 (en) * | 1997-10-23 | 2001-01-02 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for producing embossed metallic flakelets |
| US6013370A (en) * | 1998-01-09 | 2000-01-11 | Flex Products, Inc. | Bright metal flake |
| US6045230A (en) * | 1998-02-05 | 2000-04-04 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Modulating retroreflective article |
| US6031457A (en) * | 1998-06-09 | 2000-02-29 | Flex Products, Inc. | Conductive security article and method of manufacture |
| PT978373E (pt) | 1998-08-06 | 2011-11-17 | Sicpa Holding Sa | Folha inorgânica para o fabrico de pigmentos |
| US6157489A (en) * | 1998-11-24 | 2000-12-05 | Flex Products, Inc. | Color shifting thin film pigments |
| US6242510B1 (en) * | 1999-04-02 | 2001-06-05 | Green Bay Packaging, Inc. | Label adhesive with dispersed refractive particles |
| US6761959B1 (en) * | 1999-07-08 | 2004-07-13 | Flex Products, Inc. | Diffractive surfaces with color shifting backgrounds |
| GB9917442D0 (en) * | 1999-07-23 | 1999-09-29 | Rue De Int Ltd | Security device |
| US6241858B1 (en) * | 1999-09-03 | 2001-06-05 | Flex Products, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for producing enhanced interference pigments |
| CN2410250Y (zh) * | 2000-01-17 | 2000-12-13 | 深圳大学反光材料厂 | 具有非连续金属化的薄膜 |
| EP1849620B1 (en) * | 2000-01-21 | 2016-03-23 | Viavi Solutions Inc. | Optically variable security devices |
| FR2808478B1 (fr) * | 2000-05-03 | 2002-07-19 | Hologram Ind | Moyen de securisation d'un substrat |
| GB0015873D0 (en) * | 2000-06-28 | 2000-08-23 | Rue De Int Ltd | Optically variable security device |
| GB0015871D0 (en) | 2000-06-28 | 2000-08-23 | Rue De Int Ltd | A security device |
| US6692830B2 (en) * | 2001-07-31 | 2004-02-17 | Flex Products, Inc. | Diffractive pigment flakes and compositions |
| DE10319232A1 (de) * | 2003-04-28 | 2004-11-18 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Flächiges Sicherheitselement und Herstellungsverfahren für dasselbe |
| US6950328B2 (en) * | 2003-12-11 | 2005-09-27 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Imprint suppression circuit scheme |
-
2003
- 2003-09-18 US US10/666,318 patent/US6987590B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2004
- 2004-09-16 CN CNA2008101720729A patent/CN101470229A/zh active Pending
- 2004-09-16 EP EP18176927.4A patent/EP3441825A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-09-16 WO PCT/IB2004/003119 patent/WO2005026848A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-09-16 CN CNB2004800258037A patent/CN100504661C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-09-16 UA UAA200602802A patent/UA87281C2/ru unknown
- 2004-09-16 CA CA002529344A patent/CA2529344A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-09-16 EP EP07003019A patent/EP1777595A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-09-16 EP EP04769474.0A patent/EP1664939B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-09-16 KR KR1020067004030A patent/KR101040095B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-09-16 DK DK04769474.0T patent/DK1664939T3/en active
- 2004-09-17 TW TW093128288A patent/TWI383275B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5411296A (en) * | 1988-02-12 | 1995-05-02 | American Banknote Holographics, Inc. | Non-continuous holograms, methods of making them and articles incorporating them |
| US5424119A (en) * | 1994-02-04 | 1995-06-13 | Flex Products, Inc. | Polymeric sheet having oriented multilayer interference thin film flakes therein, product using the same and method |
| US5742411A (en) * | 1996-04-23 | 1998-04-21 | Advanced Deposition Technologies, Inc. | Security hologram with covert messaging |
| TW321737B (en) * | 1997-05-26 | 1997-12-01 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Dot-matrix hologram publishing system |
| US6150022A (en) * | 1998-12-07 | 2000-11-21 | Flex Products, Inc. | Bright metal flake based pigments |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI766106B (zh) * | 2017-09-29 | 2022-06-01 | 荷蘭商耐克創新有限合夥公司 | 具有結構性色彩的物件 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK1664939T3 (en) | 2019-03-25 |
| UA87281C2 (ru) | 2009-07-10 |
| KR101040095B1 (ko) | 2011-06-09 |
| EP1664939A2 (en) | 2006-06-07 |
| US20050063067A1 (en) | 2005-03-24 |
| US6987590B2 (en) | 2006-01-17 |
| EP1664939B1 (en) | 2018-12-12 |
| EP1777595A2 (en) | 2007-04-25 |
| KR20060067966A (ko) | 2006-06-20 |
| WO2005026848A2 (en) | 2005-03-24 |
| CN100504661C (zh) | 2009-06-24 |
| CN101470229A (zh) | 2009-07-01 |
| EP1777595A3 (en) | 2010-08-25 |
| EP3441825A1 (en) | 2019-02-13 |
| WO2005026848A3 (en) | 2005-05-19 |
| TW200513813A (en) | 2005-04-16 |
| CA2529344A1 (en) | 2005-03-24 |
| CN1849566A (zh) | 2006-10-18 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| TWI383275B (zh) | 具有圖案之反射光學結構 | |
| US7667895B2 (en) | Patterned structures with optically variable effects | |
| US7224528B2 (en) | Optically variable security devices | |
| TWI280198B (en) | Security article having diffractive surfaces with color shifting backgrounds and method of forming the same | |
| CA2562101C (en) | Security element in the form of a multi-layer film body | |
| AU2001211949A1 (en) | Optically variable security devices | |
| CN111716935A (zh) | 光学防伪元件及光学防伪产品 | |
| HK40004611A (zh) | 图案反射光学结构 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MK4A | Expiration of patent term of an invention patent |