TW319830B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- TW319830B TW319830B TW085107505A TW85107505A TW319830B TW 319830 B TW319830 B TW 319830B TW 085107505 A TW085107505 A TW 085107505A TW 85107505 A TW85107505 A TW 85107505A TW 319830 B TW319830 B TW 319830B
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- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- film
- layer
- multilayer
- patent application
- metal
- Prior art date
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 55
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 claims description 30
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 134
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 86
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 50
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 35
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 34
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 30
- -1 polyethylene phthalate Polymers 0.000 description 26
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 229920010524 Syndiotactic polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 13
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 11
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001429 visible spectrum Methods 0.000 description 7
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012788 optical film Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- GOYDNIKZWGIXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-difluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1F GOYDNIKZWGIXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229940117389 dichlorobenzene Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920001634 Copolyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 3
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Natural products C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- QYQADNCHXSEGJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,1-dicarboxylate;hydron Chemical compound OC(=O)C1(C(O)=O)CCCCC1 QYQADNCHXSEGJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920001283 Polyalkylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004820 Pressure-sensitive adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- FLKPEMZONWLCSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl phthalate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC FLKPEMZONWLCSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WOZVHXUHUFLZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl terephthalate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)OC)C=C1 WOZVHXUHUFLZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- KRTSDMXIXPKRQR-AATRIKPKSA-N monocrotophos Chemical compound CNC(=O)\C=C(/C)OP(=O)(OC)OC KRTSDMXIXPKRQR-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002478 γ-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 2
- FYELSNVLZVIGTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-5-ethylpyrazol-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C=1C=NN(C=1CC)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 FYELSNVLZVIGTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQEFEBPAPFSJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cellulose propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OCC1OC(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C1OC1C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(COC(=O)CC)O1 DQEFEBPAPFSJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004812 Fluorinated ethylene propylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N L-aspartic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000106 Liquid crystal polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004977 Liquid-crystal polymers (LCPs) Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002319 Poly(methyl acrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002614 Polyether block amide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004697 Polyetherimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940072107 ascorbate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940009098 aspartate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006217 cellulose acetate butyrate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006218 cellulose propionate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001142 dicarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- OVPXRLUTUWRYEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl naphthalene-1,8-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C1=CC(C(=O)OC)=C2C(C(=O)OC)=CC=CC2=C1 OVPXRLUTUWRYEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005678 ethenylene group Chemical group [H]C([*:1])=C([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002573 ethenylidene group Chemical group [*]=C=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007733 ion plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920009441 perflouroethylene propylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001485 poly(butyl acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002493 poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001483 poly(ethyl methacrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000205 poly(isobutyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000333 poly(propyleneimine) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005023 polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- GJXDPFYELCPCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enamide;prop-1-ene Chemical group CC=C.NC(=O)C=C GJXDPFYELCPCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QLNJFJADRCOGBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionamide Chemical compound CCC(N)=O QLNJFJADRCOGBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006126 semicrystalline polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl-ethylene Natural products C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
- G02B27/283—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for beam splitting or combining
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/08—Mirrors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/08—Mirrors
- G02B5/0816—Multilayer mirrors, i.e. having two or more reflecting layers
- G02B5/085—Multilayer mirrors, i.e. having two or more reflecting layers at least one of the reflecting layers comprising metal
- G02B5/0858—Multilayer mirrors, i.e. having two or more reflecting layers at least one of the reflecting layers comprising metal the reflecting layers comprising a single metallic layer with one or more dielectric layers
- G02B5/0866—Multilayer mirrors, i.e. having two or more reflecting layers at least one of the reflecting layers comprising metal the reflecting layers comprising a single metallic layer with one or more dielectric layers incorporating one or more organic, e.g. polymeric layers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
- G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/416—Reflective
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/514—Oriented
- B32B2307/518—Oriented bi-axially
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2551/00—Optical elements
- B32B2551/08—Mirrors
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Description
經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 3iS83〇 A7 ______B7_五、發明説明(1 ) 背景 衣發明係關於,例如,如鏡面使用之光學膜,其組合反 射金屬層以形成具有高鏡面性之寬帶、高反射性鏡。 基於多聚合物層之光散射裝置爲已知的。此裝置之實例 包括由交替聚合層製成之偏光鏡,其中層具有不同之折射 率。由平滑、反射金屬表面製成之鏡亦爲已知的。 概要 在此所述雙折射光學膜之光學性質與設計考量,對聚合 物層界面允許布魯斯特角(P偏光之光之反射率成零之角度) 非常大或不存在之多層堆疊之構造。如此允許對P偏光之光 之反射性随入射角度而緩慢降低,無關入射角,或隨入射 角遠離正面而增加之多層鏡之構造。結果,可在廣泛帶寬 得到具有高反射性(在鏡之情形,對於任何方向之S與p偏光 之光)之多層膜。這些多層膜組合反射金屬層,如銀或鋁, 以提供具有高反射性與高鏡面性之鏡。 簡言之,本發明包括其中層具有不超過05微米之平均厚 度之多層聚合物膜。更特別地,在本發明之·一種狀態,多 層聚合物膜包含雙折射聚合物層,特別是結晶、半結晶、 或液晶材料’如二羧酸苯聚酯,例如,2,6 _聚乙晞苔 (PEN )或付生自乙二醇、二致酸莫 '與一些其他酸之共 聚物("COPEN"),如對酞酸酯,其具有不超過〇 ;5微米之 平均厚度,而且較佳爲具有正應力光學係數,I,拉伸時 ’其在拉伸方向之折射率增加;及經選擇第二聚合物,例 如,聚乙烯酞酸酯("PEN,,)或CPPEN,其具有不超過〇5 -4- 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(21^97公釐) (請先閔讀洛面之注各事項^寫本瓦) 裝
、1T 線 319830 A7 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 _______B7_五、發明説明(2 ) 微米之平均厚度。較佳爲,在至少一個方向拉伸這些多層 聚合物膜後,該二羧酸莕聚酯之層具有伴隨至少一個平面 軸而非第二聚合物層之較高折射率。 本發明之另一狀態包括多層聚合物膜,其包含雙折射聚 合物層,特別是結晶、半結晶、或液晶材料,例如,如 PEN聚合物之聚酯,其具有不超過0.5微米之平均厚度; 及經選擇第二聚合物層,例如,聚酯或聚苯乙烯,其具有不 超過0.5微米之平均厚度;其中該膜已在至少一個方向拉伸 成此方向未拉伸尺寸之至少兩倍。 用於本發明之多層聚合物膜組合反射金屬層,較佳爲銀 或鋁,以提供亦具有高鏡面性之高反射鏡。反射金屬層可 藉習知方法配置於多層聚合物膜上,如眞空沉積、陰極噴 鍍等’或可爲分離之金屬化聚合物或玻璃片或金屬片,其 精由’例如’適當之透明黏著劑,層合於多層聚合物膜。 生成之塗覆以金屬之多層鏡具有比多層聚合物膜或反射金 屬單獨爲高之反射性,比已知多層聚合物膜高之顏色均勻 性,並且提供所需之製造彈性。 圖式之簡要説明 本發明參考圖式而進一步解釋。 圖la與lb爲本發明偏光鏡之圖表。 圖2顯示形成單一界面之兩層膜堆疊。 * 圖3 - 8顯示實例卜4所示多層鏡之光學性能。 圖9 - 1 1顯示實例5 - 7所示多層偏光鏡之光學性能。 圖1 2顯示實例8所示多層鏡之光學性能。 —________-5- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS〉A4規格(210X297公釐) 請先聞讀兔面之注tr項w/ir,寫本頁 裝
*1T 線 3i983〇 at B7 經濟部中央標準局負工消費合作社印裝 五、發明説明(3 ) 圖1 3顯示實例9所示多層偏光鏡之光學性能。 圖14顯示實例10之塗覆以金屬之多層鏡之光學性能。 圖1 5顯示實例1 2之塗覆以金屬之多層鏡之光學性能。 描述性具體實施例之詳細説明 如圖la與lb所描述之本發明包括多層聚合物膜10,亦稱 爲多層堆疊,具有至少兩種材料12與14之交替層。較佳爲 ,材料至少之一具有應力引發雙折射之性質,使得材料之 折射率(η)受拉伸方法而影響。圖la顯示在拉伸方法前之 例示多層堆疊,其中材料均有相同之折射率〇光線1 3在折 射率經歷相當小之改變,並且通過堆疊。在圖1 b,相同之 堆疊已拉伸’如此增加材料1 2在拉伸方向之折射率。在層 間各邊界之折射率差異造成部份之光線15反射。藉由在單 軸至雙軸定向之範園拉伸多層堆疊,產生對不同定向平面 偏光入射光具有反射性範圍之膜。多層堆疊如此而可用作 爲偏光鏡或鏡。如果雙軸地拉伸,片可沿正交軸不對稱地 拉伸,或沿正交軸對稱地拉伸,而得所需之偏光與反射性 質。 多層堆疊之光學性質與設計考量最完全地敘述於正在審 查之共同讓渡美國專利申請案08M02,041,1995年3月 1 0曰提出,此揭示在此併入作爲參考。非常簡要地,此案 敘述對聚合物層界面之布魯斯特角(反射率爲零之角度)非 常大或不存在之多層堆疊(鏡與偏光鏡)之構造。如此允許 對p偏光之光之反射性隨入射角度而緩慢降低,無關入射角 ,或隨入射角遠離正面而增加之許多層鏡與多層鏡之構造 6 本紙張从適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐)
(請先聞讀免面之注元麥項再 C ..¾本頁) 裝 訂 線 經濟部中央標準局員工消f合作社印製 A7 _________B7____ 五、發明説明(4 ) ' ' --- 。結果,對S與p偏光之光可在廣泛帶寬得到具有高反射率 之多層膜,並且得到廣泛範圍之角度。 圓2顯示兩層多層堆叠,並且對各層顯示三維折射率。各 層之折射率爲對層102爲11:^、nly、與nlz,及對層1〇4 爲n2x、n2y、與η2ζ ^在各膜層對彼此及對膜堆疊其他層 之間之折射率關係,決定多層堆疊在任何入射角來自任何 方垃方向之反射率行爲。可應用敘述於美國專利申請案序 號08/402,04 1之原理與設計考量,以產生對廣泛種類之環 i兄與應用具有所需光學效果之多層堆疊。在多層堆疊之層 之折射率可處理及整理,以製造具有所需光學性質之裝置 。許多可用之裝置’如具有廣泛範圍之性能特徵之鏡與偏 光鏡’可使用在此所述之原理設計及製造。 參考圖1 ’多層堆疊1〇可包括十、百、或千層,各層可 由任何數量之不同材料製成。決定特定堆疊用材料選擇之 特徵’視堆疊之所需光學性能而定。堆疊可含如堆疊之層 一樣多之許多材料。爲了製造之容易,較佳之光學薄膜堆 疊僅含數種不同之材料。爲了減少光學吸收,較佳之多層 堆疊確定被堆疊最強烈地吸收之波長爲堆疊反射之第一波 長β對於大部份之透明光學材料,包括大部份之聚合物, 吸收朝可見光譜之藍端而增加。因此,較佳爲設計或"微調 ”多層堆疊,使得"藍”層在多層堆疊之入射側。 材料’或具有不同物理性質之化學相同材料間之邊界’ 可爲突變或逐漸的。除了在一些分析解答之簡單情形,具 有連續變化率之後者型式層化介質之分析,通常如非常大 本紙裱尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X291?公釐) (請先閲讀资面之注表事項k毛寫本頁) 裝 訂 線 319830 A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局貝工消费合作社印製 五、發明説明(5 ) 數量之具有突變邊界,但是在相鄰層間之性質僅小變化之 較薄均勻層而處理。 較佳之多層堆疊包含膜層之低/高率對,其中層之各低/ 高率對具有其所設計反射之帶之1/2中央波長之組合光學厚 度。此膜之堆疊通常稱爲四分波堆疊。較佳爲,層具有/4 波長厚度,以不同層組設計以反射不同波長範圍β各層不 必確爲1 / 4波長厚》否決之要求爲相鄰低/高率膜對具有〇 5 波長之總光學厚度。 如上所示,用於本發明之多層聚合物膜包括由任何數量 之不同材料製成之層,包括具有不同物理性質之化學相同 材料,其具有不超過0.5微米之平均厚度。較佳爲,多層聚 合物膜包含具有正應力光學係數之結晶、半結晶、或液晶 聚合物層,如二羧酸莕聚酯,見,其在拉伸方向之折射率 增加,及經選擇之第二層。在至少一個方向拉伸此多層聚 合物膜之後,二羧酸莕聚酯層較佳爲具有伴隨至少一個平 面軸而非第二聚合物層之較高折射率。特佳之半結晶二羧 酸莕聚酯包括,例如,2,6 ·聚乙烯萘("PEN”)或衍生自乙二 醇 '二羧酸蓁、與一些其他酸之共聚物("c〇PEN,_)。特別地 ,較佳之經選擇之第二層包括,例如,聚乙烯献酸酯 ("PET”)或 coPEN。 多層聚合物膜或可包含雙折射聚合物層,特別是結晶、 半結晶、或液晶材料’例如,如PEN之半結晶聚酯,及第 二經選擇聚合物’其中層具有不超過0.5微米之平均厚度, 而且膜在至少一個方向拉伸至此方向之未拉伸尺寸之至少 (請先閱讀珩面之注晷事項WIL,寫本頁 裝 訂 線 -8 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作杜印製 五、發明説明U ) 兩倍。 用於本發明之多層聚合物膜包括半結晶二羧酸茬聚酯時 ,其較佳爲呈現至少0.05及較佳爲高於〇.2〇之伴隨不同平面 轴之折射率差異。PEN因爲其高正應力光學係數及拉伸後 之永久雙折射’而爲較佳材料,而且偏光平面平行拉伸方 向時,將550 rnn波長之入射光偏光之折射率由约164增加至 高達約1.9。雙折射(折射率之差異)可藉由增加分子定向而 增加。雖然PEN已如上雙折射層用較佳聚合物之討論而指 定,聚丁烯莕及其他之結晶或半結晶二羧酸莕聚酯亦爲適 當之材料。 用以製造多層堆疊之聚合物較佳爲具有類似之熔化黏度 ’以得到均勻之多層共擠製。使用兩種不同之聚合物時, 兩種聚合物在共擠製一般經歷之切力速率,較佳爲具有5之 因數内之熔化黏度。本發明之較佳經選擇聚合物層亦彼此 呈現良好之黏附性質,同時在多層片内仍維持分離層。用 於本發明之聚合物之玻璃轉移溫度爲相容的,所以不發生 如拉伸時一组聚合物層裂解之負面影響。對於在偏光作用 主要反射之鏡,較佳之經選擇聚合物層在折射率維持各向 同性,而且實質上符合伴隨橫向軸之其他層之折射率,如 圖la所描述。光及在其方向之偏光平面主要被偏光鏡穿透 ’而光及在其定向方向之偏光平面如圖沁所描述而反射。 爲了製造鏡’兩個單軸拉伸偏光片以其各定向軸轉動卯。 而安置’或片1〇(圖lb)雙軸地拉伸。在後者之情形,對於 由PEN製成之層之片平面之折射率增加,而且經選擇之聚 請先閲讀4?面之注各事項寫本頁) 裝 訂 線 -9- 表纸張^?^國家橾準(CN^縫(210><297公瘦〉 A7319830 _ B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明(7 ) 合物應選擇爲折射率儘可能低,以反射兩個偏光平面之光 。雙軸拉伸多層片對平行兩軸之平面生成結合層之折射率 間之差異,而生成光在兩偏光方向平面之光之反射。拉伸 後,結合層間伴隨橫向軸之折射率差異應小於〇· 1而且較佳 爲 0_05。 在鏡之情形,各偏光及入射平面之光所需之平均穿透視 鏡之意圖用途而定。對橫越可見光譜内100 nm帶寬之窄帶 寬鏡,在正入射沿各拉伸方向之平均穿透,希望少於約3〇% ,較佳爲少於約20%,及更佳爲少於約1〇%〇對於部份鏡, 在正入射沿各拉伸方向所需之平均穿透範圍爲,例如,約 10%至約50% ’而且可涵蓋,例如,1〇〇 nms 450 nm間之任 何帶寬,視特定之應用而定。對於高效率鏡,對可見光譜 (380-750 nm)在正入射沿各拉伸方向之平均穿透希望少於約 10%,較佳爲少於約5%,更佳爲少於約2%,及甚至更佳爲 少於約1%。此外,不對稱鏡對特定之應用爲希望的β在此 情形,對於例如可見光譜(380-750 nm)之帶寬,或對可見光 譜至近紅外線(例如’ 380-850 nm),沿一個拉伸方向之平均 牙透希望少於’例如’約50% ’而沿其他拉伸方向之平均穿 透希望少於,例如,約20%。 如果需要’二或更多本發明之片可以複合物而使用,以 增加反射率、光學帶寬、或兩者,或由兩個偏光鏡形成鏡 。如果片内層對之光學厚度實質上相等,複合物以梢高之 效率反射實質上與個別相同之帶寬及反射性光譜範圍(即, "帶。。如果片内層對之光學厚度實質上不相同,複合物橫 10- 表紙張尺度賴巾關家標準(CNS) A4規格(21QX297公瘦 (請先閲讀你面之注各事項1|〜寫本頁) 裝 訂 線
BldBdO A7 _ B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 五、發明説明(8 ) 越比個別片寬之帶寬而反射β組合鏡片與偏光鏡片之複合 物可用以增加總反射率而仍將穿透光偏光。或者,單片可 不對稱地雙軸拉伸,以製造具有選擇性反射性與偏光性質 之膜β 用於雙軸拉伸鏡應用之較佳經選擇聚合物爲基於對酞酸 、異敁酸、癸二酸、壬二酸、或環己烷二羧酸,以得到最 低之可能折射率,而仍維持對於由,例如,PEN製造之層 之黏附。經選擇聚合物並不需要爲共聚酯或共聚碳酸酯。 較佳爲,經選擇聚合物具有小於約1.65之折射率,而且更佳 爲小於約1.655之折射率。 多層反射偏光鏡可設計爲,對於寬闊範圍之入射角,對 偏光平面平行一個軸之光給予高反射性,並且同時對於寬 闊範圍之入射角,對偏光平面平行另一軸之光,具有低反 射性與高穿透。藉由控制各膜之三個折射率η X、n y、與η z ,可得所需之偏光鏡行爲。 對於許多應用,在所有之入射角,理想之反射偏光鏡沿 其軸(所謂之消光軸)具有高反射率,及沿另一軸(所謂之穿 透軸)爲零反射率。對於偏光鏡之穿透軸,通常希望對興趣 之帶寬,亦在感興趣之角度範圍,加大在穿透軸方向偏光 之光之穿透β對橫越100 nm帶寬之窄帶偏光鏡。在正入射 之平均穿透,希望在至少約50%,較佳爲至少約70%,及更 佳爲至少約90% »對橫越100 run帶寬之窄帶偏光鏡,對P偏 光之光,在正60度之平均穿透(沿穿透軸測量)’希望在至少 約50%,較佳爲至少約70%,及更佳爲至少约80°乂。 (請先閱讀背面之注各事項4. -裝—— :寫本頁) 訂 線 -11 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) 五、發明説明(9 ) A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 對橫越大部份可見光譜(對300 nm之帶寬爲400-700 nm)之 穿透軸之偏光鏡,在正入射之平均穿透希望在至少約50%, 較佳爲至少約70%,更佳爲至少約85%,及甚至更佳爲至少 約9〇% s對400-700 nm之偏光鏡,在正60度之平均穿透(沿穿 透軸測量)希望在至少約50%,較佳爲至少約70。/。,更佳爲至 少約85%,及甚至更佳爲至少約90%。 對於特定之應用,在非正角度之穿透軸爲高反射性較佳 。沿穿透軸偏光之光之平均反射應超過正面至少20度之角 度 20%。 本發明偏光鏡用之較佳經選擇聚合物,爲範圍爲20莫耳% 至80莫耳。/。之二羧酸萘或其酯,如二甲基萘酸酯,與範圍爲 20莫耳%至80%之異§太酸或其醋,如對缺酸酿,以乙二醇反 應之反應產物之共聚酯。本發明範圍内之其他共聚酯具有 以上討論之性質,並且具有約1.59至1.69之伴随穿透軸之折 射率。 如果沿穿透軸發生一些反射,在非正角度偏光鏡效率降 低。如果沿穿透軸之反射對各種波長不同,顏色引入穿透 之光中。一種測量顏色之方法爲,在選擇角度對感興趣之 波長範園測定穿透率之平均平方根(RMS)値。% RMS顏色, crms ’可依照以下方f呈式而測定:
XI (((Τ-Τ)ψαλ rr1 本紙張尺度適用中國國家樣準(CNS )如規格(2丨OX297公釐 -12- I , 裝 訂 ·線 (诗先閱讀背面之注t.事項 寫本頁) f
X 8830 A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印裝 五、發明説明(10 ) 其中範圍;11至;L2爲感興趣之波長範園,或帶寬,τ爲沿 穿透抽之穿透性,及T爲在感興趣之波長範圍沿穿透軸之 平均穿透性。 對於需要低顏色偏光鏡之應用,在正面至少3〇度,較佳 爲正面至少45度’及甚至更佳爲正面至少6〇度之角度, %RMS顏色應低於約10%,較佳爲低於約8%,更佳爲低於約 3.5%’及甚至更佳爲低於約 較佳爲’反射偏光鏡對特定應用組合沿穿透軸之所需 %RMS顏色與沿消光軸橫越感興趣之帶寬之所需量反射。例 如’對具有約100 nm之帶寬之窄帶偏光鏡,在正入射沿消 光軸之平均穿透希望低於約50%,較佳爲低於約3〇%,更佳 爲低於約10%,及甚至更佳爲低於约3D/{^對於具有可見光 範圍(4〇0_7〇0 nm,或300 nm之帶寬)内之帶寬之偏光鏡,在 正入射沿消光軸之平均穿透希望低於約4〇0/。,更佳爲低於約 25%,較佳爲低於約15%,更佳爲低於約5%,及甚至更佳爲 低於約3%。 材料選擇與虛理 以上述美國專利申請案序號08/4〇2,〇41所述之設計考量 ,熟悉此技藝者易於了解,在選擇之條件處理以產生所需 之折射率關係時,廣泛種類之材料可用以形成依照本發明 之夕層鏡或偏光鏡。所需之折射率關係可以許多方式而得 ’包括在膜形成時或之後拉伸(姓^,在有機聚合物之情形) '擠製(迅土_,在液晶材料之情形)、或塗覆。此外,較佳 爲兩種材料具有類似之形態性質(例如—,熔化黏度),使得 ____-13- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(2丨OX297公釐) (請先閲讀背面之注兔事項^彡為本頁) 裝 訂 線 A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明(11 ) 其可共擠製。 通常’適當組合可藉由選擇結晶、半結晶、或液晶材料 ,較佳爲聚合物,作爲第一材料而得。第二材料依序可爲 結晶、半結晶、或非晶。應了解,在聚合物技藝,通常認 爲聚合物一般並非全爲結晶,因此在本發明之内容,結晶 或丰結晶聚合物指並非非晶之聚合物,並且包括通常稱爲 結晶’部份結晶、半結晶等之任何材料。第二材料可具有 與第一材料相反或相同之雙折射。或者,第二材料可不具 有雙折射。 適當材料之實例包括聚對酞酸伸乙酯(PEN)及其異構物( 翌_全_,2,6-、1,4-,1,5-、2,7-、與 2,3-PEN)、聚對酞 酸伸烷酯(例,聚對酞酸伸乙酯、聚對酞酸伸丁酯、與聚 對政酸1,4 -環己烷二伸曱酯)、聚亞醯胺(例如,聚丙烯亞 胺)、聚醚亞醯胺、非規聚苯乙烯、聚碳酸酯、聚曱基丙烯 酸醋(迅_^,聚甲基丙烯酸異丁酯、聚甲基丙烯酸丙酯、聚 甲基丙烯酸乙酯、與聚曱基丙烯酸曱酯)、聚丙烯酸酯(龙L 聚丙烯酸丁酯與聚丙烯酸曱酯)、間規聚苯乙烯(sPS) 、間规聚-or ·甲基苯乙烯、間規聚二氣苯乙歸、任何這些 聚苯乙烯之共聚物與摻合物 '纖維素衍生物(例如,乙基纖 維素、纖維素乙酸酯' 纖維素丙酸酯、纖維素乙酸酯丁酸 酯、與纖維素硝酸酯)、聚烯烴聚合物(例如,聚乙烯、聚 丙歸、聚丁晞、聚異丁烯、與聚(4·甲基)戊烯)、氟化聚合 物(乞[土’過氟燒乳基樹脂、聚四氟乙晞、氟化乙締-丙稀 共聚物、聚氟化亞乙烯與聚氯三氟乙晞)、氣化聚合物(翌_ —~~—_____ -14 - 本纸張尺度通用準(叫从iF^x__297公釐) (請先聞讀背面之注氧事項寫本頁) 裝 訂 線 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(l2 ) 土_,聚氣化亞乙烯與聚氣乙烯)、聚磺酸酯、聚醚磺酸酯、 聚丙烯腈、聚醯胺、聚矽氧樹脂、環氧基樹脂、聚乙酸乙 烯酯、聚醚-醯胺、離聚樹脂、彈性物(圾^,聚丁二缔、 聚異成二烯、與新戊烯)、及聚胺甲酸乙酯。亦適當爲共聚 物’例如’ PEN之共聚物(例如’二幾酸2,6-、1,4-、 1,5 -、2,7-、及/或2,3 -莕’或其酯,與(a)對酞酸,或其 酯;(b)異酞酸,或其酯;(c)酞酸,或其酯、(d)烷屬烴二 醇;(e)環處屬烴二醇(例如,環己燒二甲醇二醇);(f)規 屬烴二羧酸;及/或(g)環烷屬烴二羧酸(倒如,環己烷二羧 酸)之共聚物)、聚伸烷基對酞酸酯之共聚物(例如,對g太酸 ’或其酿’與(a) 一幾酸奈’或其醋;(b)異吐酸,或其醋 ;(c)酞酸’或其酯;(d)烷屬烴二醇;(e)環烷屬烴二醇( 例如,環己烷二甲醇二醇);(f)烷屬烴二幾酸;及/或(g) 環烷屬烴二羧酸(Mi匕,環己烷二羧酸)之共聚物)、及苯乙 烯共聚物(例如’苯乙烯· 丁二烯共聚物與苯乙烯-丙烯腈共 聚物)、4,4、雙苯甲酸及乙二醇。此外,各個別層可包括 二或更多上述聚合物或共聚物之捧合物(例如,SPS與間規 聚苯乙烯之摻合物所述之coPEN亦可爲片摻合物',其中 至少一種成份爲基於二羧酸莕之聚合物,其他成份爲其他 聚酯或聚碳酸酯,如PET、ΪΈΝ、或coPEN。 在偏光鏡之情形,層之特佳組合包括PEN/coPEN、聚對g太 酸伸乙酯、(PET)/coPEN ' PEN/sPS、PET/sPS、PEN/Estar、與 PET/Estar,其中” coPEN"指基於二羧酸萘之共聚物或摻合物 (如上所述),及"Estar"爲商業得自伊斯曼化學公司之聚對献 __ -15- Ϊ紙張尺度適用中ΐ國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公ϋ""
(請先閲讀背面之注舍事項\14寫本X 裝 、1Τ 線 319830 at B7 經濟部中夬標準局負工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明(13 ) 酸環己烷伸甲酯。 在鏡之情形。層之特佳組合包括PET/Ecde卜PEN/Ecde卜 PEN/sPS、PEN/THV、PEN/coPEN、與PET/sPS,其中"coPET”指 基於對酞酸之共聚物或摻合物(如上所述),,,Ecdel,,爲商業得 自伊斯曼化學公司之熱塑性聚酯,及"THV”爲商業得自3M 公司之氟聚合物。 爲了膜厚、撓性、與經濟性之原因,選擇層在裝置之數 量,以使用最少層數得到所需之光學性質。在偏光鏡與鏡 之情形’層數較佳爲少於約10,000,更佳爲少於約5,〇〇〇, 及(甚至更佳爲)少於約2,000 » 如以上所討論’在各種折射率中得到所需關係(及因此多 層裝置之光學性質)之能力,受用以製備多層裝置之處理條 件影響。在有機聚合物之情形,其可藉拉伸而定向,裝置 通常藉由共擠製個別聚合物以形成多層膜,然後藉由在選 擇溫度拉伸,視情形繼而在選擇溫度熱固定,將膜定向而 製備。或者’擠製與定向步驟可同時實行^在偏光鏡之情 形’膜實質上在一個方向拉伸(單軸定向),而在鏡之情形 ,膜實質上在兩個方向拉伸(雙軸定向)。 膜可在橫向拉伸方向,由橫向拉伸之自然還原(等於拉伸 比例之平方根)至被束缚(即,在橫向拉伸尺寸無大量變化) 而尺寸地鬆弛。膜可在機械方向拉伸,如使用長度定向器 ,及/或在寬度使用張力器。 選擇預先拉伸溫度、拉伸溫度、拉伸速率、拉伸比例、 熱固定溫度、熱固定時間、熱固定釋放、及橫向拉伸釋放 (請先閲讀圯面之注系事項^ 裝—— 4寫本頁) ,ιτ 線 -— __ -16 本紙張尺度顧 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作杜印製 A7 ____B7五、發明説明(l4 ) ,以產生具有所需折射率關係之多層裝置。這些變數爲互 相關連;因此,例如,如果結合,例如,相當低之拉伸溫 度,可使用相當低之拉伸速率。如何選擇這些變數之適當 组合以得到所需之多層裝置,對熟悉此技藝者爲明顯的。 然而’通常在拉伸方向範圍爲約i : 2至約1 : 1〇(更佳爲約1 :3至約1 : 7) ’及正交拉伸方向爲約1 : 〇 2至約1 : ι〇(更佳 爲约1 : 0.2至約1 : 7)之拉伸比例較佳β 適當之多層裝置亦可使用如對雙折射聚亞臨胺之旋塗, 例兔· ’敘述於波斯等人之聚合物科學期刊:Β部份,30 : 13之1(1992) ’及對結晶有機化合物之眞空沉積,例如,敘述 於Zang等人之應用物理文件,59: 823(1991)之技術而製備 ,後者技術對結晶有機化合物與無機材料之特定組合特別 有用。 反射金屬層 以上所述之多層聚合物膜組合反射金屬層,以提供具有 比多層聚合膜或反射金屬單獨爲高之反射性之塗覆以金屬 之多層鏡’比已知聚合物基礎多層鏡高之顏色均勻性,及 所需之製造彈性。 用於本發明之反射金屬爲具有高度鏡面反射性之平滑、 反射金屬表面者。可使用任何反射金屬,雖然較佳金屬包 括銀、金、鋁、銅、鎳、與鈦《銀與鋁特佳β 反射金屬層可藉熟悉此技藝者已知之習知塗覆技術,應 用於多層聚合物膜。此已知方法包括熱解、粉塗、蒸氣沉 積、陰極噴鍍、離子電鍍等。關於可得之結構均勻性及厚 ______ -17- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4说格(2ΙΟχ297公釐) (請先聞讀背面之注意事項 h寫本頁) 裝 訂 線 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 _____B7五、發明説明(15 ) 度,陰極噴鍍與蒸氣沉積經常較佳。或者,反射金屬可爲 分離金屬片,如金屬箔或金屬化聚合物或破璃片,其藉適 當黏著劑而層合於多層聚合物膜,例如,如得自俄亥俄州 44333阿克倫之Embassy Parkway 4040號之殼牌化學公司的 VITEL 3300黏著劑之熱熔黏著劑,或得自緬因州55144聖保 羅之3M公司之90/10 IOA/AA或95/5 IOA/丙埽醯胺丙晞基pSA 之I力敏感性黏著劑。 選擇應用於多層聚合物膜,以形成本發明之塗覆以金屬 之多層鏡之反射金屬或金屬化層之厚度,以提供所需之反 射性。藉由對特定金屬調整金屬層厚度,反射金屬可在所 需之帶寬提供所需反射性。反射金屬層必須厚到足以反射 所需量之可見光;較佳爲,對於如銀與金之金屬,反射金 屬層爲至少約75 nm至約100 nm厚,及對於如鋁、鎳、與鈥 之金屬,反射金屬層爲至少約2〇ntn至約30 nm厚,雖然在典 型製造,所有之這些金屬塗覆成約50 nm至約100 nm之厚度 。不論反射金屬層如塗層或分離金屬化片而應用,這些厚 度範圍爲適當的。 本發明之塗覆以金屬之多層鏡具有所需之光學性質,因 爲其在寬帶具有高鏡面性及高反射性。較佳爲,本發明之 鏡在光譜之可見光範圍具有超過約9 0 %之反射性,較佳爲 超過約9 5 %,及最佳爲超過約9 9 〇 本發明之塗覆以金屬之多層鏡可層合至堅硬撑體,一般 爲鋁或鋼片金屬,而如熟悉此技藝者所已知而有效地使用 。堅硬撑體然後爲了適當之光學组態而彎曲及決定大小。 (請先閲讀會面之注务事項4¾寫本頁) 裝 訂 線 -18- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家榡準(CNS ) A4规格ί 210X297公釐) 315830 A? B7 經濟部中央榡準局貝工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明(16 ) 或者,金屬撑體可爲本發明塗覆以金屬之多層鏡之金屬層 。對於使用多重反射之應用,反射之鏡面性爲重要的。撑 體之表面平滑性可影響鏡面反射,較昂貴地製備之表面產 生較高之鏡面反射。 以此方法而支撑時,本發明之塗覆以金屬之多層鏡可用 於光以高度鏡面性而有效地發散之應用。組合反射金屬層 與反射可見光之多層聚合物膜而形成本發明之塗覆以金屬 之多層鏡,降低由邊緣帶及帶中央之漏出而生成之顏色量 。因此,本發明之鏡可用於需要寬闊帶寬反射、高鏡面性 、低製造成本、與高反射性之應用。實例包括太陽光反射 器、光管、螢光反射器、在液晶顯示器之背光反射器、電 腦顯示器之背光、信號背光、與逆反射伸展。雖然這些變 化之各種應用具有此應用獨特之特定要求,其均視有效及 高鏡面反射而定。其他用途對熟悉需要高鏡面性之技藝者 爲明顯的’例如,需要大量反射之應用。 爲了更完全及清楚地敘述本發明,使得熟悉此技藝者可 較佳地了解如何實行本發明,本發明現在藉以下實例而敘 述。實例意圖描述本發明,而且不應視爲以任何方式限制 所揭不及所請之本發明。 實例 1(PET : Ecdel,601,鏡) 含001層之共擠製膜經共擠製方法而製造於循序平坦製膜 線路。具有〇,6出/克(6〇重量%酚/4〇重量。/。二氯苯)之絕對黏 度之聚對酞酸伸乙酯(PET)藉擠製器以每小時75磅之速率輸 送’及Ecdel 95>66(得自伊斯曼化學公司之熱塑性彈性物)藉 L____ -19- 本紙張尺度適用中國國豕標準(CNS ) A4規格(210 X 297公董) 請先閲讀背面之注4事項一4 4寫本頁 装
、1T 線 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作杜印裂 A7 ____B7_五、發明説明(17 ) 另一擠製器以每小時65磅之速率輸送。PET在表層上。使用 進給法(如敘述於美國專利3,801,429)以產生151層,其通過 兩個多重剪鉗而製造601層之擠製物。美國專利3,565,985敘 述例示之共擠製多重剪鉗。網在約210T之網溫,長度定向 至约3·6之抽取比例。膜繼而在約50秒預熱至約235Έ,並且 在橫向方向以每秒約6%之速率抽取至約4.0之抽取比例。膜 然後在設定爲400°F之熱固定烤箱釋放其最大寬度之約5%。 完成之膜厚爲2.5 mil。 製造之鑄網在空氣侧之質地爲粗糙的,並且提供如圖3所 示之穿透。對於在非拉伸方向以60°角偏光的p偏光之光 之%穿透(曲線b),類似在正入射(曲線a)之値(使用波長轉移)。 爲了比較’由Mearl公司製造之膜,預期爲相當各向同性 材料(參見圖4),顯示在60°角p偏光之光在反射性之顯著損 失(曲線b,比較正入射之曲線)。 實例 2(PET ·· Ecde卜 151,鏡、 含151層之共擠製膜經共擠製方法而製造於循序平坦製膜 線路。具有〇.6dl/克(60重量%酚/40重量%二氣苯)之絕對黏 度之聚對酞酸伸乙酯(PET)藉擠製器以每小時75磅之速率輸 送,及Ecdel 9966(得自伊斯曼化學公司之熱塑性彈性物)藉 另一擠製器以每小時65碎之速率輸送。PET在表層上。使用 進給法以產生151層。網在約210°F之網溫,長度定向至約 3.5之抽取比例。膜繼而在约12秒預熱至約215下,並且在橫 向方向以每秒約25%之速率抽取至約4.0之抽取比例。膜然 -20- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(2Ι0Ϊ297公ϋ~ (锖先閱讀f.面之注各事項寫本頁) 裝 訂 線 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作杜印繁 A7 B7_五、發明説明(IS ) 後在設定爲4〇〇T之熱固定烤箱於約6秒釋放其最大寬度之 約5%。完成之膜厚爲0,6 mil。 此膜之穿透示於圖5。對於在非拉伸方向以6〇C>角偏光的 p偏光之光之%穿透(曲線b),類似使用波長轉移在正入射(曲 線a)之値。在相同之擠製條件,網速下降以製造具有約0.8 mils之厚度之紅外線反光膜。穿透示於圖6(曲線a爲正入射 ,曲線b爲60度)。 青例 3 (PEN : Ecde 卜 225,鏡) 含225層之共擠製膜藉由在一次操作擠製鑄網,然後在 實驗室膜拉伸裝置將膜定向而製造。具有0.5 dl/克(60重量% 酚/40重量%二氣苯)之絕對黏度之聚莕酸伸乙酯(PEN)藉擠製 器以每小時1 8磅之速率輸送,及Ecdel 9966(得自伊斯曼化 學公司之熱塑性彈性物)藉另一擠製器以每小時17磅之速率 輸送。PEN在表層上。使用進給法以產生57層,其通過兩個 多重剪鉗而製造225層之擠製物。鑄網然後使用實驗室膜拉 伸裝置而雙轴定向,其使用縮放儀以支配膜之正方形部份 ,同時以均勻速率在兩方向拉伸。7.46公分平方之網在約 100eC裝載於拉伸器内,並且在60秒加熱至130eC。然後以 100%/秒(基於原始尺寸)開始拉伸,直到樣品拉伸至約3.5 X 3.5。拉伸樣品後立刻藉由在室溫吹風而冷卻之。 圖7顯示此多層膜之光學反應((曲線&爲正入射,曲線b爲 60度)。注意在非拉伸方向以6 〇。角偏光的p偏光之光之% 穿透(曲線b),類似正入射(使用波長轉移)。 -21 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X四7公釐) (請先閔讀背面之注 务事項4 —裝-- 从寫本頁)
、1T 線 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 ____B7五、發明説明(l9 ) 實例4(PET : THV 500,449,鏡) 含44 9層之共擠製膜藉由在一次操作擠製鑄網,然後在 實驗室膜拉伸裝置將膜定向而製造。具有0.53 dl/克(60重量 °/〇酚/40重量%二氯苯)之絕對黏度之聚莕酸伸乙酯(pen)藉擠 製器以每小時56磅之速率輸送,及THV 500(得自明尼蘇達 礦業與製造公司之氟聚合物)藉另一擠製器以每小時11磅之 速率輸送。PEN在表層上。而且5 0%之PEN存在於二表層 。使用進給法以產生57層,其通過三個多重剪鉗而製造 449層之擠製物p鑄網爲20 mils厚及12英吋寬。網然後 使用實驗室膜拉伸裝置而雙軸定向,其使用縮放儀以支配 膜之正方形部份,同時以均勻速率在兩方向拉伸。7.46公分 平方之網在約10(TC裝載於拉伸器内,並且在60秒加熱至 14CTC。然後以100% /秒(基於原始尺寸)開始拉伸,直到樣 品拉伸至約3.5 X 3.5。拉伸樣品後立刻藉由在室溫吹風而冷 卻之。 圖8顯示此多層膜之穿透。再度,曲線a顯示正入射之反 應,而曲線b顯示在非拉伸方向以6CT角偏光的p偏光之光 之反應 實例5 (PEN : coPEN,601-高顏色偏光鏡) 含6 0 1層之共擠製膜藉由擠製網,兩夭後在所有實例所 述以外之不同張力器將膜定向而製造。具有0.5 dl/克(60重 量%酚/40重量%二氣苯)之絕對黏度之聚莕酸伸乙酯(PEN)藉 擠製器以每小時75磅之速率輸送,及coPEN(具有0.55dl/克 (60重量%酚/40重量%二氣苯)之IV之70莫耳%之2,6 NDC[二 請先閲讀背面之注t事項寫本頁 裝 ,tr 線 -22- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) 319830 A7 B7 五、發明説明(2〇 ) 經 中 央 標 準 局 貝 工 合 作 社 印 製 羧酸*之甲酯]與30莫耳%iDMT[對酞酸二甲酯])藉另一擠 製器以每小時65磅之速率輸送。使用進給法以產生151層, 並且設計以對PEN爲1.22及對coPEN爲1.22之光學層厚度比例 ,製造層之梯度分布。PEN表層在光學堆疊外侧以共擠製 層總厚度約8 %而擠製。光學堆疊通過兩個多重剪鉗而製造 601層之擠製物。美國專利3,565,985敘述類似之共擠製多重 剪鉗6所有之拉伸在張力器完成。膜在約20秒預熱至約280 T,並且在橫向方向以每秒約6%之速率,抽取至約4.4之抽 取比例。膜然後在設定爲460°F之熱固定烤箱釋放其最大寬 度之約2% β完成之膜厚爲1.8 mil。 膜之穿透示於圖9。曲線a顯示在非拉伸方向在正入射偏 光之光之穿透,曲線b顯示在非拉伸方向以6CT入射偏光 的ρ偏光之光之穿透’及曲線c顯示在拉伸方向在正入射偏 光之光之穿透。注意在正與60°入射p偏光之光之穿透。曲 線a在400-700 nm之平均穿透爲84.1 %,而曲線b在400-700 nm 之平均穿透爲68.2 %。曲線c之平均穿透爲9,1 % β曲線&之 %RMS顏色爲1.4 %,及曲線bi^%RMS顏色爲11.2 %。實例6(PEN : coPEN,601,偏光鏡) 含601層之共擠製膜藉由經共擠製方法而製造於循序平 坦製膜線路。具有〇.54dl/克(60重量%酚/40重量。/。二氣苯)之 絕對黏度之聚莕酸伸乙酯(PEN)藉擠製器以每小時75镑之速 率輸送’及C0PEN藉另一擠製器以每小時65磅之速率輸送 。coPEN爲70莫耳%之2,6二羧酸萘甲酯、15〇/〇之異飲酸二甲 酯、及15%之對鈦酸二甲酯與乙二醇之共聚物。使用進給法 -23- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210x297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注命事項4:从寫本頁) 裝 、1Τ 線 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作杜印裂 A7 __B7五、發明説明U ) 以產生151層。進給法設計以對PEN爲1.22及對coPEN爲1.22 之光學層厚度比例,製造層之梯度分布。PEN表層在光學 堆疊外侧以共擠製層總厚度約8%而擠製。光學堆疊藉兩個 循序多重剪鉗而多次剪射。多重剪鉗之公稱多重剪钮比例 各爲1·2與1.27。膜繼而在約40秒預熱至約310T,並且在橫 向方向以每秒約6%之速率,抽取至約5,0之抽取比例。完成 之膜厚爲約2 mils。 圖10顯示此多層膜之穿透。曲線a顯示在非拉伸方向在正 入射偏光之光之穿透,曲線b顯示在非拉伸方向以60。入 射偏光的p偏光之光之穿透,及曲線c顯示在拉伸方向在正 入射偏光之光之穿透。注意在正與60°入射p偏光之光之非 常高穿透(80-100%^亦注意曲線c所示,在可見光範固(400-700 nm)在拉伸方向偏光之光之非常高消光。消光在500與 650 nm之間接近100%。 實例7(PEN : sPS,481,偏光鏡) 481層多層膜由購自伊斯曼化學公司,具有0.56 dl /克(60 重量%酚/40重量%二氯苯)之絕對黏度之聚莕酸伸乙酯(PEN) ,及間規聚苯乙烯(sPS)均聚物(重量平均分子量=200,000達 耳呑,取樣自道氏公司)製造。PEN在外層,而且以每小時 磅及sPS以每小時23磅之速率擠製。使用進給法以產生61層 ,各61層爲約相同之厚度。進給後使用三個(2χ)多重剪鉗。 在最終多重剪鉗後,含進料至進給器之相同PEN之相同厚 度表層以每小時22磅之總速率加入。網經12"寬之模擠製成 約0.011英吋(0.276毫米)之厚度。擠製溫度爲29(TC。 請先聞讀背面之注旁事項h坎寫本頁 裝 -11 線 24· 冢紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐)~ 五、發明説明(22 ) A7 B7 經濟部中央榇準局員工消費合作杜印製 此網在周圍條件儲存九天,然後在張力器單軸地定向。 膜在約25秒預熱至約320T (160'C ),並且在橫向方向以每秒 約28%之速率,抽取至約6 : 1之抽取比例。在拉伸方向不可 釋放。完成之膜厚爲約0.0018英吋(0,046毫米)。 圖11顯示此含481層之PEN : sPS反射偏光鏡之光學性能。 曲線a顯示在非拉伸方向在正入射偏光之光之穿透,曲線b 顯示在非拉伸方向以60°入射偏光的p偏光之光之穿透,及 曲線c顯示在拉伸方向在正入射偏光之光之穿透。注意在正 與60°入射p偏光之光之非常高穿透。對曲線&在400-700 rim 之平均穿透爲86,2%,對曲線b在400-700 nm之平均穿透爲 79.7%。亦注意曲線c所示,在可見光範圍(400-700 nm)在拉 伸方向偏光之光之非常高消光。膜對曲線c在400至700 nm間 具有1·6°/。之平均穿透。對曲線&之%RMS顏色爲3,2%,而對 曲線bt%RMS顏色爲18.2%。 實例 8(PEN : Ecde卜 601,鏡) 含601層之共擠製膜藉由經共擠製方法而製造於循序平 坦製膜線路。具有0_6 dl /克(60重量%酚/40重量%二氯苯)之 絕對黏度之聚對酞酸伸乙酯(PET)藉擠製器以每小時75磅之 速率輸送至進給器,及Ecdel 9966(得自伊斯曼化學公司之熱 塑性彈性物)以每小時60磅之速率輸送^ pet在表層上。使 用進給法以產生151層,其通過兩個多重剪麵而製造6〇1層 之擠製物。多重剪鉗具有1.2(進給器旁)與丨.27之公稱多重赞 鉗比例。兩表層以每小時24碎之總輸出在最後多重剪鉗與 膜間對稱地加入。表層由PET組成,並且藉由供應pET至進 (請先閣請背面之注 裝
-1T 線 ‘紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(〇奶)八4規格(2丨0:<297公釐> 25- 3Ι&830 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明(23 ) 給器之相同擠製器擠製。網在約205Έ之網溫長度定向至約 3.3之抽取比例》膜繼而在約35秒預熱至約205下,並且在横 向方向以每秒約28%之速率,抽取至約3.3之抽取比例β膜 然後在設定爲450Τ之熱固定烤箱釋放其最大寬度之約3%。 完成之膜厚爲約0.0027英吋。 膜提供如圖12所示之光學性能。穿透繪製成曲線a而且反 射性繪製成曲線b。對曲線b之發光反射性爲91.5%。 實例9 (PEN : PCTG,481,偏光鏡) 含481層之共擠製膜藉由在一次操作擠製鑄網,然後在 實驗室膜拉伸裝置將膜定向而製造。以61層進給與3(2x) 多重剪鉗使用進給法。厚表層加入最終多重剪鉗與模間。 具有0.47 dl /克(60重量%酚/40重量%二氣苯)之絕對黏度之聚 莕酸伸乙酯(PEN)藉擠製器以每小時25.0磅之速率輸送至進 給器。二醇修改聚乙烯二曱基環己烷對酞酸酯(得自伊斯曼 化學公司之PCTG 5445)藉另一擠製器以每小時25,0磅之速率 輸送。PEN在表層上。來自以上擠製器之另一 pen流以每小 時25磅之速率如表層而加入。鑄網爲〇 007英吋厚及12英对 寬。網然後使用實驗室膜拉伸裝置而單軸定向,其使用縮 放儀以支配膜之部份,同時以均勻速率在一個方向拉伸, 同時使其在另一方向自由地釋放。裝在之網樣品在縮放儀 之支配器之間爲约5·40公分寬(未束缚方向)及7·45公分長。 網在約iooec裝載於拉伸器内,並且加熱至135乇45秒。然 後以20 % /秒(基於原始尺寸)開始拉伸,直到樣品拉伸至 約6 : 1(基於支配器對支配器測量)。拉伸後樣品立刻藉由 -26- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS 10X297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項 裝 '1Τ 線 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印裂 A7 __ _B7五、發明説24 ) " "~ 在室溫吹風而冷卻之。在樣品之中央,發現膜釋放2 〇之因 數。 圖13顯示此多層膜之穿透,其中曲線a顯示在非拉伸方向 在正入射偏光之光之穿透,曲線b顯示在非拉伸方向以6〇 。入射偏光的p偏光之光之穿透,及曲線c顯示在拉伸方向 在正入射偏光之光之穿透。 實例10(PET : Ecdel·,15卜塗覆及塗霜A1夕锆、 含151層之共擠製膜經共擠製方法而製造於循序平坦製 膜線路。具有0.6 dl /克(60重量%酚/40重量。/。二氣苯)之絕對 黏度之聚對酞酸伸乙酯(PET)藉擠製器以每小時75磅之速率 輸送至進給器,及Ecdel 9966(得自伊斯曼化學公司之熱塑性 彈性物)藉另一擠製器以每小時65磅之速率輸送至進給器。 使用進給法以10英呎/分鐘之鑄輪速度產生151層。表層爲 PET並且比内層厚,表層爲膜厚之約8%。網以約210T之網 溫,長度定向至約3.5之抽取比例。膜繼而在約12秒預熱至 約212T,並且在橫向方向以每秒約25%之速率抽取至約4.0 之抽取比例。膜然後在設定爲400°F之熱固定烤箱於6秒釋 放其最大寬度之約5%。完成之膜厚爲0.6 mil。選擇此多層 聚合物膜之厚度以在光譜之可見光區域反射。 此多層聚合物反射膜在連續多槽眞空塗覆器眞空金屬化 。一個多層聚合物反射膜以自鎢絲加熱之氧化鋁坩堝蒸發 之鋁塗覆。網速爲10英吋/分鐘,而且並未以急冷輥支撑。 鋁層塗覆至在550 nm爲0.5%之穿透程度及0.25 mhos /平方之 導電性。第二多層聚合物反射膜以自鎢絲加熱之氧化鋁坩 • 27 - 尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210 X297公釐) (請先閲讀t.-面之注务事項寫本頁 裝 -5 線 319830 A7 B7___ 五、發明説明(25 ) 堝蒸發之銀塗覆。網速爲10英呎/分鐘。而且基材並未以急 冷輥支撑。銀層塗覆至在550 nm爲0,5 %之穿透程度及2,6 mhos /平方之導電性。兩膜均黏附於多層聚合物反射膜,通 過標準膠帶去除試驗,ASTM勝帶去除試驗B571。此外,在 金屬化後,以肉眼可見到兩鏡在可見光反射之顯著改良, 比較未塗覆多層聚合物反射膜之可見光著色,其顯然隨觀 察角之轉移而以非重複圖式均勻地反射。 這些鏡然後藉由在Perkin Elmer又-9測量其光學光譜反射 而特徵化。結果之分析示於以下表I。R丨咖爲樣品之測量反 射性,其整合於人眼之波長敏感度。主要波長爲樣品之視 色,其以使用發光物C之CIE技術及依照ASTME308"使用CIE 系統計算物件顏色用之標準試驗方法"之10°觀察者而計算 。顏色純度爲顏色之飽和,0%爲白色而100%爲純色。金屬 化之前之多層聚合物反射膜爲高度著色,並且具有適當之 發光反射。當以銀或鋁金屬化時,塗覆以金屬之多層鏡之 發光反射均大於90%。鏡均具有比以鋁金屬化之PET膜高之 反射。塗覆以金屬之多層鏡之顏色純度實質上低於未塗覆 多層聚合物反射膜。 經濟部中央樣準局員工消費合作社印製 28 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(2丨OX297公釐) 319830 A7B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明(26 )
表I 塗覆以金屬之多層鏡與PET基材之整體反射性, 由基材側測量 _ 總1 主要波長 純度 —樣品 (%) (nm) f%) 多層光學膜 70.1 572 53.7 Ag塗覆 1層光學膜 97.9 568 1.8 Ag塗覆 95.8 571 2.4 PET A1塗覆 1_層光學膜 90.9 533 3.3 A1塗覆PET 82.1 493 0.1 表I所示之所有測量以在樣品之聚合物側入射之光進行〇 一般而言,由金屬侧觀察時,在PET膜之鋁塗層爲4 %較反 射性,而銀膜爲1 %較反射性。相對於此,由聚合物側觀察 時,塗覆以金屬之多層鏡較反射性。金屬爲鋁而非銀時, 塗覆以金屬之多層鏡之側對側差異較明顯。 圖1 4爲以上討論,得自塗覆以鋁與銀之多層鏡之光譜。 起初,應注意此特定鏡構造並非最適,因爲藉由使用較多 層及較大分布之四分波反射器,可得較寬之反射帶。此外 ’藉由使用具有較大指數變化之聚合物或藉由使用更多層 -29- 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) ----------¾------1T------^ * / 、 (請先聞讀背面之注意事項孓从寫本頁> 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7五、發明説明(27 ) ,在反射帶可得較高之反射性。然而,光譜顯然顯示反射 金屬塗層對並未被多層聚合物膜覆蓋之可見光譜部份增加 反射性。 實例1 1(層合於A1基材之PET : Ecdel膜) 爲了評估本發明層合以金屬之多層鏡,如實例1所述之多 層聚合物膜,具有以共擠製層約14%之總厚度,共擠製於光 學堆疊外部之表層,使用得自緬因州55144聖保羅之3M公司 之95/5 IOA/丙烯醯胺丙烯基壓力敏感性黏著劑,其常用於 Scotchtint ®膜,層合於得自愛荷華州Bettendorf之美國鋁業 公司片板分部之Everbrite φ輕銘片。 這些多層膜、鋁墊、及多層膜/鋁層合物然後藉由在 Perkin Elmer又-9測量其光學光譜反射而特徵化。結果之分 析示於以下表II。Rlum爲樣品之測量反射性,其整合於人眼 之波長敏感度。主要波長爲樣品之視色,其以使用發光物C 之CIE技術及依照ASTM E308·•使用CIE系統計算物件顏色用 之標準試驗方法"之10°觀察者而計算。顏色純度爲顏色之 飽和,0%爲白色而100%爲純色。使用得自馬里蘭州銀泉之 BUIK-Gardner公司之Pocket光澤鏡60鏡片澤計測量鏡光澤, 其爲鏡面反射率之指示。 請先閲讀t·面之注^事項\11寫本頁) 裝 訂 線 -30- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(2]OX297公釐) 五、發明説明(28 ) Α7 Β7
表II 對於Everbrite 31铭整上金屬化多層膜之4 ί體反射性及顏色 樣品 總尺1酿 主要波長 顏色純度 鏡光澤 (%) (nm) (%) (%) 多層膜 87 572 32.3 79.5 Everbrite ® 鋁 88 482 0.7 Β0.6 多層/鋁墊 96 577 4.9 88.2 (請先閲請背面之注意事項务岐寫本頁 裝 經濟部中夬標準局員工消費合作社印製 如所見,多層/鋁層合物之反射性遠比多層鏡或Everbrite3 鋁單獨爲大。 實例12(PET : Ecdel,塗覆Ag及塗覆A1之鏡) 爲了評估在本案使用多重反射之本發明塗覆以金屬之多 層鏡,如實例1 6所述之蒸氣塗覆多層聚合物膜,使用得自 緬因州5 5 1 44聖保羅之3 Μ公司之95/5 IOA/丙晞基壓力 敏感性黏著劑,其常用於Scotchtint®層合於3105-Η14鋁。得 自明尼蘇達礦業與製造公司之標準SS95P Silverlux ®材料亦 以此方式而製備。 層合樣品與未層合鋁片之光譜曲線示於圖15。如所見, 塗覆銀之多層聚合物鏡與Silverlux ®材料具有非常類似之反 射性。以下之表III顯示,由圖15所示光譜還原之數據。如 所見’說之反射性未觉此層合方法之害。整體紹之反射性 僅7 2 %,幾乎一般爲擴散反射。因此,應用於此墊之任何 -31 - 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標隼(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐1 ~ '
7 7 A B 五、發明説明(29 ) 膜均增加總反射及降低擴散反射。本發明之鏡具有實質上 比塗覆金屬Silverhix®較少之擴散反射,其對本發明之鏡提 供額外之優點。 表III 對金屬^多層膜,SS95P Silverhix®,及鋁墊之整反射性及顏色,所 有之樣品應用於鋁墊 樣品 .總 Rlum 主要波長 顏色純度 擴散反射 (%) (nm) (%) (%) SS95P Silverlux ® 98.7 574 0.3 2.5 A1塗覆多層/ A14* 92.6 566 3.3 0.5 Ag塗覆多層/ Ai整 97.6 574 1.5 0.9 A1墊 3105-H14 72.3 574 2.2 31.6 請先閱讀令面之注•意事項一‘寫本頁) 裝 訂 線 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 關於以上之敎示,本發明之其他修改與變化爲可能的。 例如,添加物與其他修改劑,如U V吸收劑、可加入用於本 發明之多層聚合物膜之一或更多層。然而,應了解在上述 之特定具體實施例可進行改變,其在定義於所附申請專利 範圍之本發明全部意圖範圍之内。 -32- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Λ4規格(210 X 297公釐)
Claims (1)
- ^^ 1 07 5 0 5號專利中請案 請專利範圍修正本(86年5月) Α8 Β8 C8 D8 1 發 j5: 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 力、申請專利範圍 1. 一種塗覆以金屬之多層鏡,包含多層聚合物膜及金屬 層; 多層聚合物膜包含.‘ ㈧具有不超過0,5微米之平均厚度之雙折射聚合物 層;及 (B)具有不超過〇_5微米之平均厚度之經選擇第二聚合 物層; 其中該膜已在至少一個方向拉伸成此方向未拉伸尺寸 之至少兩倍; 及金屬層包含反射金屬。 2-根據申請專利範圍第1項之鏡,其中雙折射聚合物爲半 結晶聚醋。 3,根據申請專利範圍第1項之鏡,其中反射金屬選自包括 叙、銀、金、铜 '鎳、與鈥之組。 4 .根據申請專利範園第3項之鏡,其中金屬爲銀,而且銀 層具有至少約75 nm至約100 nm之厚度。 5_根據申請專利範園第1項之鏡,其中反射金屬包含層合 於多層聚合物膜之金屬化玻璃或玻璃片。 6.根據申請專利範圍第1項之鏡,其中反射金屬包含層合 於多層聚合物膜之金屬片。 7-根據申請專利範圍第1項之鏡,其中其可見光反射性大 於95%。 8 .根據申請專利範圍第i項之鏡,其中膜已在至少兩個方 向拉伸。 ΐ請先閔讀背面之注意事項4; b寫本頁) 裝 線 本纸張尺度速用中國國家標準(CNs ) μ規格(210 X 297公釐)
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| US08/494,418 US5699188A (en) | 1995-06-26 | 1995-06-26 | Metal-coated multilayer mirror |
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| BR (1) | BR9609313A (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2222486A1 (zh) |
| IL (1) | IL122218A0 (zh) |
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-
1995
- 1995-06-26 US US08/494,418 patent/US5699188A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1996
- 1996-06-20 EP EP96921731A patent/EP0835179A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-06-20 KR KR1019970709656A patent/KR100452249B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-06-20 AU AU62870/96A patent/AU6287096A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-06-20 BR BR9609313A patent/BR9609313A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-06-20 CA CA002222486A patent/CA2222486A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-06-20 IL IL12221896A patent/IL122218A0/xx unknown
- 1996-06-20 WO PCT/US1996/010665 patent/WO1997001439A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-06-20 JP JP9504478A patent/JPH11508379A/ja active Pending
- 1996-06-22 TW TW085107505A patent/TW319830B/zh active
-
1997
- 1997-11-14 US US08/970,271 patent/US6088163A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1997001439A1 (en) | 1997-01-16 |
| US5699188A (en) | 1997-12-16 |
| JPH11508379A (ja) | 1999-07-21 |
| KR19990028341A (ko) | 1999-04-15 |
| BR9609313A (pt) | 1999-07-06 |
| MX9710366A (es) | 1998-07-31 |
| IL122218A0 (en) | 1998-04-05 |
| CA2222486A1 (en) | 1997-01-16 |
| AU6287096A (en) | 1997-01-30 |
| US6088163A (en) | 2000-07-11 |
| KR100452249B1 (ko) | 2005-07-25 |
| EP0835179A1 (en) | 1998-04-15 |
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