TW201343647A - 新穎結晶型式 - Google Patents
新穎結晶型式 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW201343647A TW201343647A TW102109542A TW102109542A TW201343647A TW 201343647 A TW201343647 A TW 201343647A TW 102109542 A TW102109542 A TW 102109542A TW 102109542 A TW102109542 A TW 102109542A TW 201343647 A TW201343647 A TW 201343647A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- crystalline form
- chloro
- propionic acid
- pyrazine
- diamino
- Prior art date
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Abstract
本發明係關於上皮鈉通道(ENaC)阻斷劑3-(3-{2-[(E)-3,5-二胺基-6-氯-吡嗪-2-羰基亞胺基]-1,3,8-三氮雜-螺[4.5]癸烷-8-羰基}-苯磺醯基胺基)-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯之琥珀酸鹽之新穎結晶型式、包含該結晶型式之醫藥組合物、該結晶型式及該等醫藥組合物之用途以及製備該結晶型式之方法。
Description
本發明係關於上皮鈉通道(ENaC)阻斷劑3-(3-{2-[(E)-3,5-二胺基-6-氯-吡嗪-2-羰基亞胺基]-1,3,8-三氮雜-螺[4.5]癸烷-8-羰基}-苯磺醯基胺基)-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯之琥珀酸鹽之新穎結晶型式、包含該結晶型式之醫藥組合物、該結晶型式及該等醫藥組合物之用途以及製備該結晶型式之方法。
國際專利申請公開案WO 2012/035158(PCT/EP2011/066151)揭示製備ENaC阻斷劑3-(3-{2-[(E)-3,5-二胺基-6-氯-吡嗪-2-羰基亞胺基]-1,3,8-三氮雜-螺[4.5]癸烷-8-羰基}-苯磺醯基胺基)-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯及其琥珀酸鹽之方法。
藉由阻斷上皮鈉通道介導之疾病包括與穿過上皮膜之流體體積調節相關之疾病。舉例而言,呼吸道表面液體之體積係黏膜纖毛清除及維持肺健康之關鍵調節因子。阻斷上皮鈉通道將促進流體在呼吸道上皮之黏膜側上累積,藉此促進黏液清除並防止黏液及唾液在呼吸組織(包括肺呼吸道)中累積。該等疾病包括呼吸性疾病,例如囊性纖維變性、原發性纖毛運動障礙、慢性支氣管炎、慢性阻塞性肺部疾病(COPD)、氣喘、呼吸道感染(急性及慢性;病毒性及細菌性)及肺癌。除呼吸性疾病以外,藉由阻斷上皮鈉通道介導之疾病亦包括與穿過上皮之異常流體調節相關且可能參與保護性表面液體在其表面上之異常
生理學之疾病,例如,口乾症(xerostomia,dry mouth)或乾性角膜結膜炎(keratoconjunctivitis sire)(乾眼症)。另外,阻斷腎中之上皮鈉通道可用於促進利尿並由此誘導降血壓效應。
圖1顯示針對型式A(實例3)記錄之x-射線粉末繞射圖案且係使用CuKα輻射(λ=1.5418Å)在BrukerTM D8繞射儀上記錄。
圖2顯示型式A(實例3)之差示掃描量熱法(DSC)軌跡且係在具有鋁盤之Perkin Elmer Diamond DSC儀器(Perkin Elmer,BO14-3018型)上記錄;加熱速率20K/min,溫度範圍:30℃至250℃。
圖3顯示型式A(實例3)之紅外光譜且係在Bruker Alpha儀器上以衰減全反射(ATR)模式記錄。量測參數如下:範圍400cm-1至4000cm-1,解析度2cm-1,掃描次數64,速度7.5kHz,變跡法:Blackman-Harris 3-term。
圖4顯示針對型式A(實例1、2)記錄之x-射線粉末繞射圖案且係使用CuKα輻射(λ=1.5418Å)在BrukerTM D8繞射儀上記錄。
圖5顯示型式A(實例1、2)之差示掃描量熱法(DSC)軌跡且係在具有鋁盤之Perkin Elmer Diamond DSC儀器(Perkin Elmer,BO14-3018型)上記錄;加熱速率20K/min,溫度範圍:30℃至250℃。
圖6顯示針對型式B(實例4、5、6、7)記錄之x-射線粉末繞射圖案且係使用CuKα輻射(λ=1.5418Å)在BrukerTM D8繞射儀上記錄。
圖7顯示針對型式C(實例10)記錄之x-射線粉末繞射圖案且係使用CuKα輻射(λ=1.5418Å)在BrukerTM D8繞射儀上記錄。
圖8顯示型式C(實例10)之差示掃描量熱法(DSC)軌跡且係在具有鋁盤之Perkin Elmer Diamond DSC儀器(Perkin Elmer,BO14-3018型)上記錄;加熱速率20K/min,溫度範圍:30℃至250℃。
圖9顯示型式C(實例10)之紅外光譜且係在Bruker Alpha儀器上以
衰減全反射(ATR)模式記錄。量測參數如下:範圍400cm-1至4000cm-1,解析度2cm-1,掃描次數64,速度7.5kHz,變跡法:Blackman-Harris 3-term。
圖10顯示針對型式C(實例8、9)記錄之x-射線粉末繞射圖案且係使用CuKα輻射(λ=1.5418Å)在BrukerTM D8繞射儀上記錄。
圖11顯示型式C(實例8、9)之DSC軌跡且係在具有鋁盤之Perkin Elmer Diamond DSC儀器(Perkin Elmer,BO14-3018型)上記錄;加熱速率20K/min,溫度範圍:30℃至250℃。
揭示ENaC阻斷劑3-(3-{2-[(E)-3,5-二胺基-6-氯-吡嗪-2-羰基亞胺基]-1,3,8-三氮雜-螺[4.5]癸烷-8-羰基}-苯磺醯基胺基)-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯之琥珀酸鹽之三種多晶型式(型式A、B及C)(3-(3-{2-[(E)-3,5-二胺基-6-氯-吡嗪-2-羰基亞胺基]-1,3,8-三氮雜-螺[4.5]癸烷-8-羰基}-苯磺醯基胺基)-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯:琥珀酸=1:1)。製備型式A及B之方法已闡述於國際專利申請公開案WO 2012/035158(PCT/EP2011/066151)中。
因此,在第一態樣中,本發明提供下式之3-(3-{2-[(E)-3,5-二胺基-6-氯-吡嗪-2-羰基亞胺基]-1,3,8-三氮雜-螺[4.5]癸烷-8-羰基}-苯磺醯基胺基)-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯之琥珀酸鹽之結晶型式,
其包含型式C。
在第一態樣之一實施例中,該結晶型式基本上由型式C組成。
在第一態樣之另一實施例中,該結晶型式包含型式C,其中該型式C係呈實質上純淨形式。
在第一態樣之另一實施例中,結晶型式之特徵在於在21℃至26℃之溫度下x-射線粉末繞射圖案包含4個或更多個選自以下群組之2-θ值:7.0°±0.2、10.6°±0.2、14.3°±0.2、18.2°±0.2、18.6°±0.2、19.2°±0.2、21.2°±0.2、21.8°±0.2、24.7°±0.2、29.0°±0.2及31.5°±0.2。
在第一態樣之另一實施例中,結晶型式之特徵在於在21℃至26℃之溫度下x-射線粉末繞射圖案包含6個或更多個選自以下群組之2-θ值:7.0°±0.2、10.6°±0.2、14.3°±0.2、18.2°±0.2、18.6°±0.2、19.2°±0.2、21.2°±0.2、21.8°±0.2、24.7°±0.2、29.0°±0.2及31.5°±0.2。
在第一態樣之另一實施例中,結晶型式之x-射線粉末繞射光譜與圖7中所顯示之x-射線粉末繞射光譜實質上相同。
在第一態樣之另一實施例中,結晶型式之差示掃描量熱法熱分析圖與圖8中所顯示之差示掃描量熱法熱分析圖實質上相同。
在提及特定多晶型式時本文所用術語「實質上純淨」意指多晶型式包括小於10重量%、較佳小於5重量%、更佳小於3重量%、最佳小於1重量%該化合物之任何其他物理形式(多晶型)。
本文所用「多晶型」係指形成晶體之分子、原子及/或離子之化學組成相同但空間排列不同之結晶型式。
在整個本說明書及下文之申請專利範圍中,除非上下文另有要求,否則詞語「包含(comprise)」或變化形式(例如「包含(comprises)」或「包含(comprising)」)應理解為暗指包括所述整數或步驟或整數群或步驟群,但並不排除任何其他整數或步驟或整數群或步驟群。
本文所用術語「本發明結晶型式」係指如第一態樣或第一態樣之任一實施例中所定義之結晶型式。
在第二態樣中,提供包含第一態樣或第一態樣之任何實施例之結晶型式及醫藥上可接受之載劑或稀釋劑的醫藥組合物。
在第二態樣之實施例中,其中型式C係呈實質上純淨形式。
在第二態樣之另一實施例中,該醫藥組合物呈可吸入形式。
在第三態樣中,提供組合有一或多種其他活性成份之第二態樣或第二態樣之實施例之醫藥組合物。
在第四態樣中,提供第一態樣或第一態樣之任一實施例之結晶型式及第二態樣或第二態樣之任一實施例之醫藥組合物用於治療呼吸性疾病,例如囊性纖維變性、原發性纖毛運動障礙、慢性支氣管炎、慢性阻塞性肺部疾病(COPD)、氣喘、呼吸道感染(急性及慢性;病毒性及細菌性)及肺癌。
在第五態樣中,提供第一態樣或第一態樣之任一實施例之結晶型式或第二態樣或第二態樣之任一實施例之組合物在製造藥劑中之用途,該藥劑用於治療呼吸性疾病,例如囊性纖維變性、原發性纖毛運
動障礙、慢性支氣管炎、慢性阻塞性肺部疾病(COPD)、氣喘、呼吸道感染(急性及慢性;病毒性及細菌性)及肺癌。
在第六態樣中,提供治療呼吸性疾病(例如囊性纖維變性、原發性纖毛運動障礙、慢性支氣管炎、慢性阻塞性肺部疾病(COPD)、氣喘、呼吸道感染(急性及慢性;病毒性及細菌性)及肺癌)之方法,其包含投與有需要的患者有效量之第一態樣或第一態樣之任一實施例之結晶型式或第二態樣或第二態樣之任一實施例之醫藥組合物。
在第七態樣中,提供含有且適於藉由肺部投與遞送第一態樣或第一態樣之任一實施例之結晶型式之吸入裝置。在某些較佳實施例中,吸入裝置係乾燥粉末吸入器,例如BREEZHALER®吸入裝置。
已顯示3-(3-{2-[(E)-3,5-二胺基-6-氯-吡嗪-2-羰基亞胺基]-1,3,8-三氮雜-螺[4.5]癸烷-8-羰基}-苯磺醯基胺基)-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯琥珀酸鹽之新穎多晶型式C在熱力學上比型式A更穩定。
型式B係在型式A結晶期間在懸浮液中表現為短暫結晶型式之非晶形溶劑合物之群。型式B在乾燥時轉變成型式A。
本發明之藥劑可藉由任一適當途徑投與,舉例而言,以(例如)錠劑或膠囊形式經口;非經腸,例如,靜脈內;局部施與皮膚;經鼻內,例如,在過敏性鼻炎治療中;或較佳地,藉由吸入,尤其在阻塞性或發炎性呼吸道疾病治療中。具體而言,本發明之藥劑可作為用於治療COPD、囊性纖維變性及氣喘之可吸入調配物遞送。
醫藥組合物可經調配用以特定投與途徑,例如經口投與、非經腸投與及直腸投與等。另外,本發明之醫藥組合物可以固體形式(包括(但不限於)膠囊、錠劑、丸劑、顆粒、粉劑或栓劑)、或以液體形式(包括(但不限於)溶液、懸浮液或乳液)製備。醫藥組合物可經受習用醫藥操作(例如滅菌)及/或可含有習用惰性稀釋劑、潤滑劑或緩衝劑、以及佐劑,例如防腐劑、穩定劑、潤濕劑、乳化劑及緩衝劑等。
通常,醫藥組合物係包含活性成份以及下列之錠劑或明膠膠囊:a)稀釋劑,例如乳糖、右旋糖、蔗糖、甘露糖醇、山梨糖醇、纖維素及/或甘胺酸;b)潤滑劑,例如二氧化矽、滑石粉、硬脂酸、其鎂或鈣鹽及/或聚乙二醇;對於錠劑亦包含c)黏合劑,例如矽酸鎂鋁、澱粉膏糊、明膠、磺蓍膠、甲基纖維素、羧甲基纖維素鈉及/或聚乙烯吡咯啶酮;視需要包含d)崩解劑,例如澱粉、瓊脂、海藻酸或其鈉鹽或泡騰合劑;及/或e)吸收劑、著色劑、矯味劑及甜味劑。
錠劑可根據業內已知方法經膜包衣或腸包衣。
適用於經口投與之組合物包括有效量之呈錠劑、菱形錠劑、水性或油性懸浮液、可分散粉劑或顆粒、乳液、硬或軟膠囊、或糖漿或酏劑形式的本發明結晶型式。意欲口服使用之組合物可根據業內已知用於製造醫藥組合物之任一方法來製備且該等組合物可含有一種或多種選自由甜味劑、矯味劑、著色劑及防腐劑組成之群的試劑以提供醫藥上美觀且可口之製劑。錠劑可含有活性成份與適於製造錠劑且在醫藥上可接受之無毒賦形劑的混合物。舉例而言,該等賦形劑係惰性稀釋劑,例如碳酸鈣、碳酸鈉、乳糖、磷酸鈣或磷酸鈉;造粒劑及崩解劑,例如,玉米澱粉或海藻酸;黏合劑,例如,澱粉、明膠或阿拉伯膠;及潤滑劑,例如硬脂酸鎂、硬脂酸或滑石粉。該等錠劑係無包衣或藉由已知技術包衣以延遲在胃腸道中之崩解及吸收並藉此提供較長時間之持續作用。舉例而言,可採用諸如甘油單硬脂酸酯或甘油二硬脂酸酯等延時材料。用於口服使用之調配物可提供為硬明膠膠囊形式,其中將活性成份與惰性固體稀釋劑(例如,碳酸鈣、磷酸鈣或高
嶺土)混合;或可提供為軟明膠膠囊形式,其中將活性成份與水或油介質(例如,花生油、液體石蠟或橄欖油)混合。
某些可注射組合物係等滲水溶液或懸浮液,且栓劑較佳係自脂肪乳液或懸浮液製備。該等組合物可經滅菌及/或含有佐劑,諸如防腐劑、穩定劑、潤濕劑或乳化劑、溶解促進劑、調節滲透壓之鹽及/或緩衝劑。此外,其亦可含有其他治療上有價值之物質。該等組合物係分別根據習用混和、造粒或包衣方法來製備且含有約0.1%至75%、或含有約1%至50%之活性成份。
適用於經皮施用之組合物包括有效量之本發明結晶型式與適宜載劑。適用於經皮遞送之載劑包括可吸收性藥理上可接受之溶劑以助於通過宿主皮膚。舉例而言,經皮裝置係呈繃帶形式,包含背襯元件;含有該化合物(視情況具有載劑)之儲存器;視情況包含速度控制障壁以便以受控之預定速度長時間遞送化合物至宿主皮膚;及將裝置固定至皮膚上之構件。
適用於外敷施用(例如,施用至皮膚及眼睛)之組合物包括水溶液、懸浮液、軟膏、乳霜、凝膠或(例如)藉由氣溶膠遞送之可噴霧調配物或諸如此類。該等外敷遞送系統尤其適用於表皮施用以(例如)治療皮膚癌、用以(例如)防曬霜、洗劑、噴霧劑及諸如此類之預防用途。因而,其特別適用於外敷施用,包括業內熟知之化妝品用調配物。該等調配物可含有增溶劑、穩定劑、增滲劑、緩衝劑及防腐劑。
如本文所用,外敷施用亦可係關於吸入或鼻內施用。其可在使用或未使用適宜推進劑下以乾燥粉末形式(單獨、呈(例如)乾燥摻合物與乳糖之混合物、或與(例如)磷脂之混合組份顆粒形式)自乾燥粉末吸入器、或以氣溶膠噴霧投遞形式自加壓容器、幫浦、噴射器、霧化器或噴霧器方便地遞送。
當該活性成份之可吸入形式係氣溶膠組合物時,則該吸入裝置
可為適於遞送定量(例如10μl至100μl,例如25μl至50μl)組合物之帶閥門氣溶膠小瓶,即稱作定量吸入器之裝置。熟習吸入療法技術者熟知適宜該等氣溶膠小瓶及用於在壓力下將氣溶膠組合物納入該等小瓶中之程序。舉例而言,氣溶膠組合物可自包覆罐投與,例如如EP-A-0642992中所述。當該活性成份之可吸入形式係可霧化水性、有機或水性/有機分散液時,則該吸入裝置可為已知噴霧器,例如習知氣動噴霧器,例如氣噴式噴霧器或超音波噴霧器,其可含有(例如)1ml至50ml、通常1ml至10ml分散液;或手持式噴霧器,其時常稱作輕霧或輕噴霧吸入器,例如,電控裝置,例如AERx(Aradigm,US)或Aerodose(Aerogen),或機械裝置(例如RESPIMAT(Boehringer Ingelheim)噴霧器,其使得霧化體積(例如10μl至100μl)較習知噴霧器大大減少)。當該活性成份之可吸入形式係微細顆粒形式時,則該吸入裝置可為(例如)適於自含有包含單位劑量(A)及/或(B)之乾燥粉劑的膠囊或泡罩遞送乾燥粉劑之乾燥粉劑吸入裝置,或為適於每次噴啟遞送(例如)3mg至25mg包含單位劑量(A)及/或(B)之乾燥粉劑的多劑量乾燥粉劑吸入(MDPI)裝置。該乾燥粉劑組合物較佳含有稀釋劑或載劑(例如乳糖)及有助於防止由於濕氣使產品性能退化之化合物,例如硬脂酸鎂。適宜該乾燥粉末吸入裝置包括下列中所揭示之裝置:US 3991761(包括AEROLIZERTM裝置)、WO 05/113042(包括BREEZHALERTM裝置)、WO 97/20589(包括CERTIHALERTM裝置)、WO 97/30743(包括TWISTHALERTM裝置)、WO 05/37353(包括GYROHALERTM裝置)、US6536427(包括DISKUSTM裝置)、WO 97/25086(包括DISKHALERTM裝置)、WO 95/14089(包括GEMINITM裝置)、WO 03/77979(包括PROHALERTM裝置)、以及WO 08/51621、WO 09/117112及US 2005/0183724中所揭示之裝置。
本發明亦包括(A)呈可吸入形式之本發明結晶型式;(B)包含該呈
可吸入形式之本發明結晶型式與呈可吸入形式之醫藥上可接受之載劑之可吸入藥劑;(C)與吸入裝置相關聯之包含該呈可吸入形式之本發明結晶型式之醫藥產物;及(D)含有該呈可吸入形式之本發明結晶型式之吸入裝置。
當然,實施本發明所用本發明藥劑之劑量應視(例如)待治療特定病況、期望效果及投與模式而定。一般而言,吸入投與之適宜日劑量為每名患者約0.0001mg/kg至30mg/kg,通常為0.01mg/kg至10mg/kg,而口服投與之適宜日劑量為約0.01mg/kg至100mg/kg。
本發明進一步提供包含作為活性成份之本發明結晶型式之無水醫藥組合物及劑型,因為水可能會促進某些化合物降解。
可使用無水或含低水分之成份及低水分或低濕氣條件來製備本發明之無水醫藥組合物及劑型。無水醫藥組合物可製備並儲存以維持其無水性質。因此,使用已知材料包裝無水組合物以防止暴露於水以使其可包括於適宜配方套組中。適宜包裝之實例包括(但不限於)氣密性密封箔、塑膠、單位劑量容器(例如,小瓶)、泡罩包裝及條帶包裝。
本發明進一步提供包含一或多種可降低作為活性成份之本發明結晶型式之分解速率之試劑的醫藥組合物及劑型。本文稱作「穩定劑」之該等試劑包括(但不限於)抗氧化劑(例如,抗壞血酸)、pH緩衝劑或鹽緩衝劑等。
本發明結晶型式可在投與一或多種其他治療劑的同時、或之前或之後投與。本發明結晶型式可藉由相同或不同的投與路徑分開投與、或與其他藥劑以同一醫藥組合物一起投與。
在一實施例中,本發明提供以組合製劑用於在療法中同時、分開或依序使用之包含本發明結晶型式及至少一種其他治療劑之產品。在一實施例中,該療法係治療藉由阻斷上皮鈉通道介導之疾病或病
況。以組合製劑提供之產品包括包含本發明結晶型式及另一(些)治療劑於同一醫藥組合物中、或呈單獨形式(例如呈套組形式)之本發明結晶型式及另一(些)治療劑的組合物。
在一實施例中,本發明提供包含本發明結晶型式及另一(些)治療劑之醫藥組合物。視情況,該醫藥組合物可包含如上文所述醫藥上可接受之賦形劑。
在一實施例中,本發明提供一種包含兩種或更多種單獨的醫藥組合物之套組,其中至少一種醫藥組合物含有本發明結晶型式。在一實施例中,該套組包含用於單獨地保留該等組合物之構件,諸如容器、分立式瓶或分立式箔片包。此套組之實例係泡罩包裝,通常用於包裝錠劑、膠囊及諸如此類。
本發明套組可用於投與不同的劑型(例如,口服及非經腸劑型),以不同的劑量間隔投與單獨的組合物,或逐步地增加單獨的組合物相對於彼此之劑量。為有助於依從性,本發明套組通常包含投與說明書。
具體而言,本發明結晶型式在人類血漿中展示有利穩定性特徵。在提供在人類血漿中展示有利穩定性特徵之化合物時,本發明亦提供具有改良之藥物動力學之有效地阻斷上皮鈉通道(ENaC)之化合物。
在本發明之組合療法中,本發明結晶型式與其他治療劑可由相同或不同的生產商生產及/或調配。此外,本發明結晶型式與其他治療劑可在:(i)發放組合產品給醫師之前(例如,當呈包含本發明結晶型式及另一治療劑之套組時);(ii)在即將投與前由醫師本身(或在醫師指導下);(iii)由患者本身,例如,在依序投與本發明化合物與另一治療劑期間,一起帶入組合療法中。
因此,本發明提供本發明結晶型式之用途,其用於治療藉由阻
斷上皮鈉通道介導之疾病或病況,其中該藥劑係製備用於與另一治療劑一起投與。本發明亦提供另一治療劑之用途,其用於治療藉由阻斷上皮鈉通道介導之疾病或病況,其中該藥劑係與本發明結晶型式一起投與。
本發明亦提供本發明結晶型,其用於治療藉由阻斷上皮鈉通道介導之疾病或病況之方法,其中該本發明結晶型式係製備用於與另一治療劑一起投與。本發明亦提供另一治療劑,其用於治療藉由阻斷上皮鈉通道介導之疾病或病況之方法,其中該另一治療劑係製備用於與本發明結晶型式一起投與。
本發明亦提供本發明結晶型式之用途,其用於治療藉由阻斷上皮鈉通道介導之疾病或病況,其中該患者先前(例如在24小時內)已經接受另一治療劑治療。本發明亦提供另一治療劑之用途,其用於治療藉由阻斷上皮鈉通道介導之疾病或病況,其中該患者先前(例如在24小時內)已經接受本發明結晶型式治療。
在一實施例中,另一治療劑係選自消炎、支氣管擴張、抗組胺、去充血及鎮咳藥品,尤其在囊性纖維變性或在阻塞性或發炎性呼吸道疾病(例如彼等上文所提及者)之治療中,例如,作為該等藥物之具有治療活性之增效劑或作為減少該等藥物之所需劑量或潛在副作用之方式。
因此,本發明包括本發明上皮鈉通道阻斷劑與下列物質之組合作為另一態樣:滲透劑(高張食鹽水、葡聚糖、甘露糖醇、木糖醇)、CFTR功能改質劑(野生型及突變型二者)(修正劑及增效劑),例如,彼等於下列中所闡述者:WO2007/021982、WO2006/099256、WO2006/127588、WO2004/080972、WO2005/026137、WO2005/035514、WO2005/075435、WO2004/111014、WO2006/101740、WO2004/110352、WO2005/120497及
US2005/0176761,消炎、支氣管擴張、抗組胺、鎮咳、抗生素或DNase藥品,該上皮鈉通道阻斷劑及該藥品係存於相同或不同的醫藥組合物中。
CFTR功能之適宜改質劑包括CFTR增效劑,具體而言下式之化合物VX-770。
適宜抗生素包括巨環內酯抗生素,例如,妥布拉黴素(tobramycin)(TOBITM)。
適宜藥品包括α去氧核糖酶(PulmozymeTM)(重組人類去氧核糖核酸酶I(rh)之高純度溶液),其選擇性解離DNA。α去氧核糖酶用於治療囊性纖維變性。
上皮鈉通道阻斷劑與消炎藥之其他有用組合係彼等含有趨化因子受體(例如CCR-1、CCR-2、CCR-3、CCR-4、CCR-5、CCR-6、CCR-7、CCR-8、CCR-9及CCR10、CXCR1、CXCR2、CXCR3、CXCR4、CXCR5)之拮抗劑者,尤其CCR-5拮抗劑,例如Schering-Plough拮抗劑SC-351125、SCH-55700及SCH-D;Takeda拮抗劑,例如N-[[4-[[[6,7-二氫-2-(4-甲基苯基)-5H-苯并-環庚烯-8-基]羰基]胺基]苯基]-甲基]四氫-N,N-二甲基-2H-吡喃-4-氯化銨(TAK-770);及闡述於USP6,166,037(尤其申請專利範圍第18項及第19項)、WO00/66558(尤其申請專利範圍第8項)、WO00/66559(尤其申請專利範圍第9項)、WO04/018425及WO04/026873中之CCR-5拮抗劑。
適宜消炎藥包括類固醇,具體而言,糖皮質類固醇,例如布地
奈德(budesonide)、丙酸倍氯米松(beclomethasone dipropionate)、丙酸氟替卡松(fluticasone propionate)、環索奈德(ciclesonide)或糠酸莫米松(mometasone furoate)、或下列中所述類固醇:WO 02/88167、WO 02/12266、WO 02/100879、WO 02/00679(尤其實例3、11、14、17、19、26、34、37、39、51、60、67、72、73、90、99及101之彼等)、WO 03/35668、WO 03/48181、WO 03/62259、WO 03/64445、WO 03/72592、WO 04/39827及WO 04/66920;非類固醇類糖皮質激素受體激動劑,例如彼等於下列中所闡述者:DE 10261874、WO 00/00531、WO 02/10143、WO 03/82280、WO 03/82787、WO 03/86294、WO 03/104195、WO 03/101932、WO 04/05229、WO 04/18429、WO 04/19935及WO 04/26248;LTD4拮抗劑,例如孟魯司特(montelukast)及紮魯司特(zafirlukast);PDE4抑制劑,例如西洛司特(cilomilast)(Ariflo® GlaxoSmithKline)、羅氟司特(Roflumilast)(Byk Gulden)、V-11294A(Napp)、BAY19-8004(Bayer)、SCH-351591(Schering-Plough)、阿羅茶鹼(Arofylline)(Almirall Prodesfarma)、PD189659/PD168787(Parke-Davis)、AWD-12-281(Asta Medica)、CDC-801(Celgene)、SelCID(TM)CC-10004(Celgene)、VM554/UM565(Vernalis)、T-440(Tanabe)、KW-4490(Kyowa Hakko Kogyo)及下列中所揭示之彼等:WO 92/19594、WO 93/19749、WO 93/19750、WO 93/19751、WO 98/18796、WO 99/16766、WO 01/13953、WO 03/104204、WO 03/104205、WO 03/39544、WO 04/000814、WO 04/000839、WO 04/005258、WO 04/018450、WO 04/018451、WO 04/018457、WO 04/018465、WO 04/018431、WO 04/018449、WO 04/018450、WO 04/018451、WO 04/018457、WO 04/018465、WO 04/019944、WO 04/019945、WO 04/045607及WO 04/037805;腺苷A2B受體拮抗劑,例如彼等於WO 02/42298中所闡述
者;及β-2腎上腺素受體激動劑,例如沙丁胺醇(albuterol)(舒喘靈(salbutamol))、奧西那林(metaproterenol)、特布他林(terbutaline)、沙美特羅(salmeterol)、非諾特羅(fenoterol)、丙卡特羅(procaterol),且尤其福莫特羅(formoterol)、卡莫特羅(carmoterol)及其醫藥上可接受之鹽、及WO0075114之式(I)化合物(呈游離或鹽或溶劑合物形式),該文件以引用方式併入本文中,其實例之較佳化合物,尤其下式化合物:
其對應於茚達特羅(indacaterol)及其醫藥上可接受之鹽、以及WO 04/16601之式I化合物(呈游離或鹽或溶劑合物形式)、以及下列中之化合物:EP 1440966、JP 05025045、WO 93/18007、WO 99/64035、USP 2002/0055651、WO 01/42193、WO 01/83462、WO 02/66422、WO 02/70490、WO 02/76933、WO 03/24439、WO 03/42160、WO 03/42164、WO 03/72539、WO 03/91204、WO 03/99764、WO 04/16578、WO 04/22547、WO 04/32921、WO 04/33412、WO 04/37768、WO 04/37773、WO 04/37807、WO 04/39762、WO 04/39766、WO 04/45618、WO 04/46083、WO 04/80964、WO 04/108765及WO 04/108676。
適宜支氣管擴張藥包括抗膽鹼或抗毒蕈鹼藥劑,具體而言,異丙托溴銨(ipratropium bromide)、氧托溴銨(oxitropium bromide)、噻托溴銨鹽(tiotropium salts)及CHF 4226(Chiesi)、及格隆溴銨(glycopyrrolate)、以及彼等於下列中所闡述者:EP 424021、USP
3,714,357、USP 5,171,744、WO 01/04118、WO 02/00652、WO 02/51841、WO 02/53564、WO 03/00840、WO 03/33495、WO 03/53966、WO 03/87094、WO 04/018422及WO 04/05285。
適宜雙重消炎及支氣管擴張藥包括雙重β-2腎上腺素受體激動劑/毒蕈鹼拮抗劑,例如,彼等於USP 2004/0167167、WO 04/74246及WO 04/74812中所揭示者。
適宜抗組胺藥物包括鹽酸西替利嗪(cetirizine hydrochloride)、對乙醯胺基酚(acetaminophen)、富馬酸氯馬斯汀(clemastine fumarate)、異丙嗪(promethazine)、氯雷他定(loratidine)、地氯雷他定(desloratidine)、苯海拉明(diphenhydramine)及鹽酸非索那定(fexofenadine hydrochloride)、阿伐斯汀(activastine)、阿司咪唑(astemizole)、氮卓斯汀(azelastine)、依巴斯汀(ebastine)、依匹斯汀(epinastine)、咪唑斯汀(mizolastine)及特芬那定(tefenadine)、以及彼等於JP 2004107299、WO 03/099807及WO 04/026841中所揭示者。
本發明所用術語「醫藥上可接受之載劑」包括如熟習此項技術者已知之任一及所有溶劑、分散介質、包衣、表面活性劑、抗氧化劑、防腐劑(例如,抗細菌劑、抗真菌劑)、等滲劑、吸收延遲劑、鹽、防腐劑、藥物、藥物穩定劑、黏合劑、賦形劑、崩解劑、潤滑劑、甜味劑、矯味劑、染劑及諸如此類及其組合(例如,參見Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences,第18版,Mack Printing公司,1990,第1289頁至第1329頁)。除任一與活性成份不相容之習用載劑之外,本發明亦涵蓋其於治療或醫藥組合物中之使用。
術語「治療有效量」之本發明結晶型式係指可使個體產生生物或醫學反應(例如,降低或抑制酶或蛋白活性)、或改善症狀、減輕病況、減緩或延遲疾病進展、或預防疾病等之本發明結晶型式之量。在一非限制性實施例中,術語「治療有效量」係指當投與個體時對以下
有效之本發明結晶型式之量:(1)至少部分減輕、抑制、預防及/或改善(i)由上皮鈉通道介導或(ii)與上皮鈉通道活性相關、或(iii)以上皮鈉通道活性(正常或異常)為特徵之病況或病症或疾病;或(2)降低或抑制上皮鈉通道活性。在另一非限制性實施例中,術語「治療有效量」係指當投與細胞、或組織或非細胞生物材料、或介質時可有效地至少部分降低或抑制上皮鈉通道之活性之本發明結晶型式之量。
本文所用術語「個體」係指動物。通常,動物係哺乳動物。舉例而言,受試者亦係指靈長類(例如,人類)、牛、綿羊、山羊、馬、狗、貓、兔、大鼠、小鼠、魚、鳥及諸如此類。在某些實施例中,個體係靈長類。在又一些實施例中,個體係人類。
本文所用術語「抑制(inhibit、inhibition或inhibiting)」係指減輕或阻抑給定病況、症狀、或病症、或疾病,或顯著降低生物活性或過程之基線活性。
在一實施例中,本文所用術語「治療(treat、treating或treatment)」任一疾病或病症係指改善該疾病或病症(即,減緩或阻止或減少該疾病或其至少一種臨床症狀的發展)。在另一實施例中,「治療(treat、treating或treatment)」係指減輕或改善包括彼等患者可能無法感受到之物理參數的至少一個物理參數。在又一實施例中,「治療(treat、treating或treatment)」係指在物理方面調控疾病或病症(例如,穩定可感受到之症狀)或在生理學方面調節疾病或病症(例如,穩定物理參數)或二者皆有。在又一實施例中,「治療(treat、treating或treatment)」係指預防或延遲疾病或病症之開始或發展或惡化。
若本文所用個體將在生物上、醫學上或在生活品質方面受益於治療,則該個體「需要」該治療。
除非本文另外指明或上下文明顯矛盾,否則在本發明上下文中(尤其在申請專利範圍之上下文中)所用之本文所用術語「一(a,an)」、
「該(the)」及類似術語皆理解為涵蓋單數與複數二者。
可使用電灑游離在LCMS系統上運行質譜。
該等LCMS系統係Agilent 1100 HPLC/Micromass Platform質譜儀組合、或Agilent 1200 HPLC/Agilent 6130 Quadropole質譜儀組合、或具有SQD質譜儀之Waters Acquity UPLC。[M+H]+意指單同位素之分子量。
使用ICON-NMR在開放式存取Bruker AVANCE 400 NMR光譜儀上運行NMR譜。在298K下量測光譜並使用溶劑峰進行參照。由於其可交換共振之極寬性質,故未直接觀察到一些質子。
若未另外指明,則分析型HPLC條件係如下:
縮寫:
標題化合物可藉由方法A或B來製備。
向3-(2-二丙基胺甲醯基甲氧基羰基-乙基胺磺醯基)-苯甲酸(可如製備2中製備;6.1g,12.60mmol)於THF(50ml)中之經攪拌溶液中依次添加水(25ml)、N-甲基嗎啉(7ml,63mmol)及HOBt水合物(2.9g,18.9mmol)。將內部溫度維持在20℃下。添加3,5-二胺基-6-氯-吡嗪-2-甲酸[1,3,8-三氮雜-螺[4.5]癸-(2E)-亞基]-醯胺鹽酸鹽(WO09/074575,實例38,第123頁)(純度為65%,6.3g,12.6mmol)並攪拌直至形成透明溶液。添加EDCI.HCl(3.6g,18.9mmol),在室溫下將反應攪拌24h。將2-MeTHF(200ml)及2% Na2CO3水溶液(150ml)添加至反應混合物中。分離各層,並用額外2-MeTHF(100ml)洗滌水相。用2% Na2CO3水溶液(200ml)及水(2×200ml)洗滌合併之有機層。添加乙腈(100ml),並在30℃下將溶液濃縮至70ml體積。添加乙腈(300ml),並再次在30℃下將溶液濃縮至150ml體積。將溶液加熱至50℃並將馬來酸(1.62g)添加至所得溶液中。立即形成灰白色沈澱,經1h使溫度冷卻至室溫。藉由過濾來收集固體,得到呈馬來酸鹽形式之3-(3-{2-[(E)-3,5-二胺基-6-氯-吡嗪-2-羰基亞胺基]-1,3,8-三氮雜-螺[4.5]癸烷-8-羰基}-苯磺醯基胺基)-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯;添加DCM(200ml)及2% Na2CO3水溶液(200ml)並攪拌直至固體完全溶解。分離出有機層,用水(2×100ml)洗滌並在真空中濃縮,得到標題化合物。LC-MS 722.1[M+H]+,方法(i);1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ 9.12-7.57(4H,br),7.88(1H,m),7.77(1H,m),7.70(1H,m),7.68(1H,m),7.05-6.50(2H,br s),6.95-6.20(1H,br s),4.73(2H,s),3.81-3.39(2H,m),3.61-3.31(2H,m),3.43(2H,br s),3.15-3.11(4H,m),3.04(2H,t),2.51(2H,t),1.79-1.69(m,4H),1.51-1.43(4H,m),0.84(3H,t),0.78(3H,t)
向3-(2-二丙基胺甲醯基甲氧基羰基-乙基胺磺醯基)-苯甲酸(Int.AA)(6.1g,12.60mmol)於THF(50ml)中之經攪拌溶液中依次添加水(25ml)、N-甲基嗎啉(7ml,63mmol)及HOBt水合物(2.9g,18.9mmol)。將內部溫度維持在20℃下。添加3,5-二胺基-6-氯-吡嗪-2-甲酸[1,3,8-三氮雜-螺[4.5]癸-(2E)-亞基]-醯胺鹽酸鹽(WO09074575,實例38,第123頁)(純度為65%,6.3g,12.6mmol)並攪拌直至形成透明溶液。添加EDCI.HCl(3.6g,18.9mmol),在室溫下將反應攪拌24h。將2-MeTHF(200ml)及2% Na2CO3水溶液(150ml)添加至反應混合物中。分離各層,並用額外2-MeTHF(100ml)洗滌水相。用2% Na2CO3水溶液(200ml)及水(2×200ml)洗滌合併之有機層。添加乙腈(100ml),並在30℃下將溶液濃縮至70ml體積。添加乙腈(300ml),並再次在30℃下將溶液濃縮至150ml體積。將溶液加熱至50℃並將馬來酸(1.62g)添加至所得溶液中。立即形成灰白色沈澱,經1h使溫度冷卻至室溫。藉由過濾來收集固體,得到呈馬來酸鹽形式之3-(3-{2-[(E)-3,5-二胺基-6-氯-吡嗪-2-羰基亞胺基]-1,3,8-三氮雜-螺[4.5]癸烷-8-羰基}-苯磺醯基胺基)-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯;添加DCM(200ml)及2% Na2CO3水溶液(200ml)並攪拌直至固體完全溶解。分離出有機層,用水(2×100ml)洗滌並在真空中濃縮,得到標題化合物。LC-MS 722.1[M+H]+,方法(i).;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ 9.12-7.57(4H,br),7.88(1H,m),7.77(1H,m),7.70(1H,m),7.68(1H,m),7.05-6.50(2H,br s),6.95-6.20(1H,br s),4.73(2H,s),3.81-3.39(2H,m),3.61-3.31(2H,m),3.43(2H,br s),3.15-3.11(4H,m),3.04(2H,t),2.51(2H,t),1.79-1.69(m,4H),1.51-1.43(4H,m),0.84(3H,t),0.78(3H,t)
標題化合物可藉由方法A或B來製備:
步驟1:3-苄氧基羰基胺基-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯
向苄氧基羰基胺基-丙酸(22.3g,99.9mmol)於DMF(150ml)中之溶液中添加碳酸鉀(19.3g,139.9mmol)。經30min添加2-氯-N,N-二丙基-乙醯胺(17.7g,99.9mmol),並將反應混合物加熱至60℃並攪拌2.5h。使反應混合物冷卻至室溫並用水(500ml)稀釋並用乙酸異丙酯(總計500ml)萃取。用水(3×200ml)洗滌合併之有機相,得到3-苄氧基羰基胺基-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯於乙酸異丙酯中之溶液,其未經進一步分離。LC-MS;365.2[M+H]+,方法(i)。
步驟2:3-胺基-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯三氟乙酸鹽
用TFA(7.05ml,92.0mmol)處理3-苄氧基羰基胺基-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯於乙酸異丙酯中之溶液(33.2g,91.0mmol含在總質量為129.9g之溶液中),同時將內部溫度維持在20℃,隨後用10% Pd/C(3.3g,濕度為50%)處理並在H2氛圍(3atm)下攪拌3.5h,得到3-胺基-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯三氟乙酸鹽。該溶液未經分離直接用於下一反應。
步驟3:3-(2-二丙基胺甲醯基甲氧基羰基-乙基胺磺醯基)-苯甲酸苄酯
將3-胺基-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯三氟乙酸鹽(25.4g 73.8mmol)於乙酸異丙酯中之溶液冷卻至0℃並用N-甲基嗎啉(26.3g,221.5mmol)、水(40ml)及DMAP(90.4mg,0.74mmol)處理。添加存於乙酸異丙酯(44ml)中之3-氯磺醯基-苯甲酸苄基酯(24.1g,77.5mmol)並在
0℃至5℃下將反應混合物攪拌2h。分離各層並用飽和NaHCO3水溶液(3×26ml)洗滌有機相,用水(10ml)稀釋,用1N HCl溶液將pH調節至6,並用鹽水洗滌。濃縮所得溶液,以提供存於乙酸異丙酯中之3-(2-二丙基胺甲醯基甲氧基羰基-乙基胺磺醯基)-苯甲酸苄酯溶液,其未經分離即用於其他反應。LC-MS;[M+H]+ 505.1,方法(i)。
步驟4:3-(2-二丙基胺甲醯基甲氧基羰基-乙基胺磺醯基)-苯甲酸之合成
用10% Pd/C(0.84g,濕度為50%)處理3-(2-二丙基胺甲醯基甲氧基羰基-乙基胺磺醯基)-苯甲酸苄酯(5g,33.25mmol)於乙酸異丙酯(82ml)中之溶液,並在H2(3atm)下攪拌過夜。藉由過濾去除觸媒。向濾液中添加10% Pd/C(1.68g,濕度為50%),並在H2(3atm)下將反應攪拌18h。過濾去除觸媒並再添加10% Pd/C(1.68g,濕度為50%)並在H2(1atm)下將反應攪拌18h。過濾去除觸媒並用乙酸異丙酯(20ml)洗滌。在真空中濃縮合併之濾液並將庚烷添加至溶液中並在室溫下攪拌2小時,然後在-2℃下攪拌4h。藉由過濾來收集所形成固體並在40℃及真空下乾燥,得到標題化合物;LC-MS;415.1[M+H]+,方法(i)。
步驟1:3-第三丁氧基羰基胺基-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯
在60℃及N2下向Boc-Beta-Ala-OH(40.0g,211mmol)於DMF(200ml)中之經攪拌懸浮液中添加碳酸鉀(40.0g,289mmol)。向此混合物中添加存於DMF(75ml)中之2-氯-N,N-二丙基-乙醯胺(36.7g,207mmol)。在60℃下使反應混合物攪拌過夜。使反應冷卻至室溫並用DCM(400ml)稀釋,隨後用水(500ml)稀釋。分離出有機層並用鹽水(200ml)洗滌,經MgSO4乾燥並在真空中濃縮,得到淡黃色油狀物。向該油狀物中添加正庚烷(500ml)(DMF之共沸物),在真空中濃縮,
得到標題化合物;LC-MS Rt 1.14min;331.3[M+H]+,方法2minLC_vO03。
步驟2:3-胺基-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯
在N2下向3-第三丁氧基羰基胺基-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯(步驟1)(36.5g,110mmol)於無水二噁烷中之經冷卻之經攪拌溶液中逐滴添加存於二噁烷中之4N HCl(18.12ml,597mmol)。使所得混合物升溫至室溫並攪拌過夜。在真空中去除溶劑並將粗產物懸浮於EtOAc(500ml)中並實施超音波處理1h。藉由過濾分離出所得白色沈澱並在40℃及真空下乾燥1h,得到淺黃色固體。自EtOAc重結晶,得到標題化合物;LC-MS Rt 0.77min;231.2[M+H]+,方法2minLC_v003。
步驟3:3-(2-二丙基胺甲醯基甲氧基羰基-乙基胺磺醯基)-苯甲酸
在0℃及N2下向3-胺基-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯(步驟2)(20.1g,75mmol)於DCM(240ml)中之經攪拌溶液中添加DMAP(0.46g,3.76mmol),隨後添加TEA(38.8ml,278mmol)。用3-氯磺醯基苯甲酸(16.6g,75mmol)於DCM(200ml)中之溶液處理反應混合物。在0℃下使混合物攪拌1h且然後升溫至室溫,保持1h。添加水(200ml)並用1N HCl(100ml)調節pH。分離出有機層,經MgSO4乾燥並在真空中濃縮。藉由C18反相層析利用MeCN/水(1% HCl)洗脫來實施純化,得到標題產物;LC-MS Rt 1.01min;415.2[M+H]+,方法2minLC_v003。
在50℃下將2.5g 3-(3-{2-[(E)-3,5-二胺基-6-氯-吡嗪-2-羰基亞胺基]-1,3,8-三氮雜-螺[4.5]癸烷-8-羰基}-苯磺醯基胺基)-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯(可如製備1中製備;3.47mmol)溶解於25mL乙腈及1.5mL水中。添加409mg琥珀酸(3.47mmol)。該酸立即溶解並經30分鐘
將透明溶液冷卻至室溫。在約30℃下發生結晶。然後在室溫下將漿液攪拌約16h。藉由過濾來收集晶體。用9ml乙腈/水95:5 v/v分批洗滌濾餅並在50℃及約10毫巴下乾燥16h。
將包含琥珀酸(0.50g,4.23mmol)及丙酮(20g)之混合物加熱至45℃直至形成透明溶液且然後過濾(0.2μm PTFE過濾器)。
在又一反應容器中,將3-(3-{2-[(E)-3,5-二胺基-6-氯-吡嗪-2-羰基亞胺基]-1,3,8-三氮雜-螺[4.5]癸烷-8-羰基}-苯磺醯基胺基)-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯(製備1,方法B)(3.00g,4.16mmol)及丙酮(30g)加熱至45℃直至形成透明溶液且然後過濾(0.2μm PTFE過濾器)。
在45℃下將琥珀酸(0.50g,4.23mmol)於丙酮(20ml)中之溶液加熱1h並經10min用3-(3-{2-[(E)-3,5-二胺基-6-氯-吡嗪-2-羰基亞胺基]-1,3,8-三氮雜-螺[4.5]癸烷-8-羰基}-苯磺醯基胺基)-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯於丙酮中之溶液之一部分(1.62g溶液)處理。用3-(3-{2-[(E)-3,5-二胺基-6-氯-吡嗪-2-羰基亞胺基]-1,3,8-三氮雜-螺[4.5]癸烷-8-羰基}-苯磺醯基胺基)-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯琥珀酸鹽種晶(如使用實例1之製備來製備,20mg)於丙酮(300mg)中之懸浮液處理所得混合物並在45℃下攪拌30min。經5h將剩餘的3-(3-{2-[(E)-3,5-二胺基-6-氯-吡嗪-2-羰基亞胺基]-1,3,8-三氮雜-螺[4.5]癸烷-8-羰基}-苯磺醯基胺基)-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯於丙酮中之溶液(31.38g)添加至混合物中並在45℃下繼續加熱1h。經1h將懸浮液冷卻至25℃並再攪拌1h。在玻璃過濾器(glass frit)上過濾懸浮液並用丙酮(2×5g)洗滌濾餅。在50℃下乾燥濾餅,得到標題化合物;HPLC Rt 4.02min,方法ii;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ 7.87(1H,m),7.78(1H,m),7.69
(1H,m),7.68(1H,m),6.85(2H,br s),4.73(2H,s),3.84-3.20(6H及水,寬駝峰),3.17-3.09(4H,m),3.04(2H,t),2.53(2H,在DMSO下),2.39(4H,s),1.80(2H,br s),1.70(2H,br s),1.55-1.37(4H,m),0.85(3H,t),0.78(3H,t)(請注意:由於一些可交換共振之極寬性質,故未直接觀察到該兩個可交換琥珀酸鹽質子及3至4個酸性NH共振;熔融溫度Tm(DSC)=149℃。
將3g 3-(3-{2-[(E)-3,5-二胺基-6-氯-吡嗪-2-羰基亞胺基]-1,3,8-三氮雜-螺[4.5]癸烷-8-羰基}-苯磺醯基胺基)-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯琥珀酸鹽(可如實例1或2中所示製備)裝填至配備有錨式攪拌器(150rpm)、冷凝器、投用單元及濁度探頭之100ml反應器中。添加20g丙酮/水混合物(92.5/7.5m/m)並將整體加熱至50℃並攪拌直至全部溶解。然後將反應混合物冷卻至45℃。添加懸浮於300mg丙酮中之30mg種晶(可如實例1或2中所示製備)。然後經1小時將反應混合物冷卻至25℃。將整體攪拌3.5小時。然後經2小時添加28ml EtOAc。經1小時將反應混合物進一步冷卻至0℃且然後將整體攪拌過夜。藉助玻璃過濾器過濾反應混合物且然後將所獲得固體用5ml丙酮洗滌兩次並在40℃及1毫巴下乾燥24小時。
在50℃下在配備有錨式攪拌器(150rpm)之100mL玻璃反應器中將3g 3-(3-{2-[(E)-3,5-二胺基-6-氯-吡嗪-2-羰基亞胺基]-1,3,8-三氮雜-螺[4.5]癸烷-8-羰基}-苯磺醯基胺基)-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯(可如
製備1中製備)溶解於22.7g丙酮中。將5mL琥珀酸溶液(2.94重量%存於丙酮中)添加至反應器中。將10mg 3-(3-{2-[(E)-3,5-二胺基-6-氯-吡嗪-2-羰基亞胺基]-1,3,8-三氮雜-螺[4.5]癸烷-8-羰基}-苯磺醯基胺基)-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯琥珀酸鹽結晶型式A(可如實例1或2中製備)懸浮於0.2g丙酮中,實施超音波處理,並添加至反應器中。經20h將另40mL琥珀酸溶液(2.94重量%存於丙酮中)緩慢添加至反應器中。此後,將混合物冷卻至20℃且然後進一步攪拌19h。過濾所得懸浮液並在室溫下將濾餅用10g丙酮洗滌兩次。
在50℃下在配備有錨式攪拌器(150rpm)之100mL玻璃反應器中將3g 3-(3-{2-[(E)-3,5-二胺基-6-氯-吡嗪-2-羰基亞胺基]-1,3,8-三氮雜-螺[4.5]癸烷-8-羰基}-苯磺醯基胺基)-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯(可如製備1中製備)及0.5g琥珀酸溶解於28.5g丙酮與1.5g水之混合物中。此後,將溶液冷卻至20℃。將7mg 3-(3-{2-[(E)-3,5-二胺基-6-氯-吡嗪-2-羰基亞胺基]-1,3,8-三氮雜-螺[4.5]癸烷-8-羰基}-苯磺醯基胺基)-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯琥珀酸鹽結晶型式A(可如實例1或2中製備)懸浮於0.18g丙酮/水95:5(v/v)中,實施超音波處理,並添加至反應器中。在20℃下將混合物攪拌15小時,隨後在10min內冷卻至0℃。過濾所得懸浮液並在室溫下用10g丙酮/水95/5(v/v)洗滌濾餅。
在50℃下在經磁力攪拌之玻璃小瓶中將0.536g 3-(3-{2-[(E)-3,5-二胺基-6-氯-吡嗪-2-羰基亞胺基]-1,3,8-三氮雜-螺[4.5]癸烷-8-羰基}-
苯磺醯基胺基)-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯(可如製備1中製備)及0.12g琥珀酸溶解於15.25g 2-丙醇中。將溶液冷卻至20℃且然後在此溫度下攪拌過夜。過濾所得懸浮液。
在60℃下在經磁力攪拌之玻璃小瓶中將0.535g 3-(3-{2-[(E)-3,5-二胺基-6-氯-吡嗪-2-羰基亞胺基]-1,3,8-三氮雜-螺[4.5]癸烷-8-羰基}-苯磺醯基胺基)-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯(可如製備1中製備)及0.12g琥珀酸溶解於7.27g甲基乙基酮中。將溶液冷卻至20℃且然後在此溫度下攪拌過夜。過濾所得懸浮液。
在60℃下在配備有錨式攪拌器(150rpm)之100mL玻璃反應器中將3g 3-(3-{2-[(E)-3,5-二胺基-6-氯-吡嗪-2-羰基亞胺基]-1,3,8-三氮雜-螺[4.5]癸烷-8-羰基}-苯磺醯基胺基)-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯(可如製備1中製備)溶解於80.3g乙醇中。將25mL琥珀酸溶液(2.94重量%存於乙醇中)添加至溶液中,隨後添加2.5g水。將所得混合物冷卻至30℃。將5mg 3-(3-{2-[(E)-3,5-二胺基-6-氯-吡嗪-2-羰基亞胺基]-1,3,8-三氮雜-螺[4.5]癸烷-8-羰基}-苯磺醯基胺基)-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯琥珀酸鹽種晶(型式A)(可使用實例1或2之製備來製備)懸浮於0.1g乙醇中,實施超音波處理,並添加至反應器中。將所得混合物攪拌96h(150rpm)。此後,藉由過濾來收集晶體。在40℃及30毫巴下將濾餅乾燥24小時。
在50℃下在玻璃小瓶中將1g 3-(3-{2-[(E)-3,5-二胺基-6-氯-吡嗪-2-羰基亞胺基]-1,3,8-三氮雜-螺[4.5]癸烷-8-羰基}-苯磺醯基胺基)-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯(可如製備1中製備)及0.18g琥珀酸溶解於7.97g甲醇中。將溶液冷卻至0℃且然後在該溫度下攪拌24小時。此後,藉由過濾來收集晶體並在60℃及1毫巴下乾燥3小時。獲得灰白色至淺黃色晶體型式C。
在配備有錨式攪拌器(150rpm)、冷凝器、投用單元及濁度探頭之100ml反應器中,將6g 3-(3-{2-[(E)-3,5-二胺基-6-氯-吡嗪-2-羰基亞胺基]-1,3,8-三氮雜-螺[4.5]癸烷-8-羰基}-苯磺醯基胺基)-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯琥珀酸鹽(可如實例1或2中所示製備)懸浮於27g丙酮/水混合物(92.5/7.5m/m)中。將懸浮液加熱至50℃直至材料溶解。添加經超音波處理5分鐘之存於600mg丙酮中之40mg 3-(3-{2-[(E)-3,5-二胺基-6-氯-吡嗪-2-羰基亞胺基]-1,3,8-三氮雜-螺[4.5]癸烷-8-羰基}-苯磺醯基胺基)-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯琥珀酸鹽(如實例9中所示製備)並整體攪拌6小時。經4小時添加76ml EtOAc且然後經2小時將反應混合物冷卻至25℃。過濾沈澱並用10ml丙酮洗滌兩次且然後在60℃及10毫巴下乾燥過夜。然後在5巴下使用螺旋式噴射磨機將所得固體微粒化。
將3g 3-(3-{2-[(E)-3,5-二胺基-6-氯-吡嗪-2-羰基亞胺基]-1,3,8-三
氮雜-螺[4.5]癸烷-8-羰基}-苯磺醯基胺基)-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯琥珀酸鹽(可如實例1或2中所示製備)裝填至配備有錨式攪拌器(150rpm)、冷凝器、投用單元及濁度探頭之100ml反應器中。添加29.5g丙酮/水混合物(92.5/7.5m/m)並將整體加熱至50℃並攪拌直至全部溶解。添加懸浮於300mg丙酮中之90mg種晶(參見10.1)並整體攪拌4小時。經4小時添加38ml EtOAc且然後將反應混合物攪拌2小時,隨後經2小時冷卻至25℃。將整體攪拌過夜且然後藉助玻璃過濾器過濾。然後將所獲得固體用5ml丙酮洗滌兩次並在40℃及10毫巴下乾燥24小時。
所有X-射線粉末繞射圖案均係以反射模式記錄。
a)X-射線粉末繞射
a1)使用CuKα輻射(λ=1.5418Å)在BrukerTM D8繞射儀上記錄x-射線粉末繞射圖案。由此測定之實例3之X-射線繞射圖案顯示於圖1中並以最重要線之反射線表示於下表1中。2-θ角度之誤差限值係±0.2°。
a2)使用CuKα輻射(λ=1.5418Å)在BrukerTM D8繞射儀上記錄x-射線粉末繞射圖案。由此測定之實例1或2之X-射線繞射圖案顯示於圖4中並以最重要線之反射線表示於下表2中。2-θ角度之誤差限值係±0.2°。
b)元素分析:水含量(Karl Fischer滴定):<0.2% m/m
實驗數據符合藉由3-(3-{2-[(E)-3,5-二胺基-6-氯-吡嗪-2-羰基亞胺
基]-1,3,8-三氮雜-螺[4.5]癸烷-8-羰基}-苯磺醯基胺基)-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯及琥珀酸形成之1:1鹽之預期。
c)差示掃描量熱法(DSC):在具有鋁盤之Perkin Elmer Diamond DSC儀器(Perkin Elmer,BO14-3018型)上記錄DSC軌跡;加熱速率20K/min,溫度範圍:30℃至250℃。
圖2顯示型式A之DSC軌跡。熔融吸熱:Tonset=153.6℃,△H=76.8J/g。
圖5顯示型式A之DSC軌跡。熔融吸熱:Tonset=152.5℃,△H=74.5J/g。
c)紅外光譜:圖3顯示型式A之紅外光譜(實例3)且在Bruker Alpha儀器上以衰減全反射(ATR)模式記錄。如下量測參數:範圍400cm-1至4000cm-1,解析度2cm-1,掃描次數64,速度7.5kHz,變跡法:Blackman-Harris 3-term。所識別之主峰係1621.5cm-1、1157.5cm-1及1080.7cm-1。
X-射線粉末繞射:使用CuKα輻射(λ=1.5418Å)在BrukerTM D8繞射儀上記錄x-射線粉末繞射圖案。由此測定之X-射線衍射圖案顯示於圖6中並以最重要線之反射線表示於下表4中。2-θ角度之誤差限值係±0.2°。
a)X-射線粉末繞射:
a1)使用CuKα輻射(λ=1.5418Å)在BrukerTM D8繞射儀上記錄x-射
線粉末繞射圖案。由此測定之X-射線衍射圖案顯示於圖7中並以最重要線之反射線表示於下表5中。2-θ角度之誤差限值係±0.2°。
a2)使用CuKα輻射(λ=1.5418Å)在BrukerTM D8繞射儀上記錄x-射線粉末繞射圖案。由此測定之實例8或9之X-射線繞射圖案顯示於圖10中並以最重要線之反射線表示於下表6中。2-θ角度之誤差限值係±0.2°。
在記錄XRPD數據期間實驗室之溫度在21℃與26℃之間變化。
b)差示掃描量熱法(DSC):在具有鋁盤之Perkin Elmer Diamond DSC儀器(Perkin Elmer,BO14-3018型)上記錄DSC軌跡;加熱速率20K/min,溫度範圍:30℃至250℃。
圖8顯示型式C(實例10)之DSC軌跡。熔融吸熱:Tonset=165.7℃,△H=102.2J/g。
圖11顯示型式C(實例8、9)之DSC軌跡。熔融吸熱:Tonset=159.7℃,△H=91.8J/g。
c)紅外光譜:圖9顯示型式C之紅外光譜(實例10)且在Bruker Alpha儀器上以衰減全反射(ATR)模式記錄。如下量測參數:範圍400cm-1至4000cm-1,解析度2cm-1,掃描次數64,速度7.5kHz,變跡法:Blackman-Harris 3-term。所識別之主峰係1626.5cm-1、1155cm-1及1084.7cm-1。
Claims (13)
- 一種下式之3-(3-{2-[(E)-3,5-二胺基-6-氯-吡嗪-2-羰基亞胺基]-1,3,8-三氮雜-螺[4.5]癸烷-8-羰基}-苯磺醯基胺基)-丙酸二丙基胺甲醯基甲基酯琥珀酸鹽之結晶型式,
其包含型式C。 - 如請求項1之結晶型式,其基本上由型式C組成。
- 如請求項1或2之結晶型式,其中該型式C係呈實質上純淨形式。
- 如請求項1或2之結晶型式,其中在21℃至26℃之溫度下x-射線粉末繞射圖案包含4個或更多個選自以下群組之2-θ值:7.0°±0.2、10.6°±0.2、14.3°±0.2、18.2°±0.2、18.6°±0.2、19.2°±0.2、21.2°±0.2、21.8°±0.2、24.7°±0.2、29.0°±0.2及31.5°±0.2。
- 如請求項1或2之結晶型式,其中在21℃至26℃之溫度下x-射線粉末繞射圖案包含6個或更多個選自以下群組之2-θ值:7.0°±0.2、10.6°±0.2、14.3°±0.2、18.2°±0.2、18.6°±0.2、19.2°±0.2、21.2°±0.2、21.8°±0.2、24.7°±0.2、29.0°±0.2及31.5°±0.2。
- 如請求項1之結晶型式,其中x-射線粉末繞射光譜與圖7中所顯示之該x-射線粉末繞射光譜實質上相同。
- 如請求項1之結晶型式,其中差示掃描量熱法熱分析圖與圖8中所顯示之該差示掃描量熱法熱分析圖實質上相同。
- 一種醫藥組合物,其包含如請求項1至7中任一項之結晶型式及醫藥上可接受之載劑或稀釋劑。
- 如請求項8之醫藥組合物,其與一或多種其他活性成份組合。
- 如請求項8或9之醫藥組合物,其呈可吸入形式。
- 如請求項1、2、6及7中任一項之結晶型式,其用於治療呼吸性疾病,例如囊性纖維變性、原發性纖毛運動障礙、慢性支氣管炎、慢性阻塞性肺部疾病(COPD)、氣喘、呼吸道感染(急性及慢性;病毒性及細菌性)及肺癌。
- 一種如請求項1至7中任一項之結晶型式在製造藥劑中之用途,該藥劑用於治療呼吸性疾病,例如囊性纖維變性、原發性纖毛運動障礙、慢性支氣管炎、慢性阻塞性肺部疾病(COPD)、氣喘、呼吸道感染(急性及慢性;病毒性及細菌性)及肺癌。
- 一種吸入裝置,其含有如請求項1至7中任一項之結晶型式且適於藉由肺部投與來遞送該結晶型式。
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