TW200843749A - Sulfonyl-phenyl-2H-[1,2,4] oxadiazol-5-one derivatives, processes for their preparation and their use as pharmaceuticals - Google Patents
Sulfonyl-phenyl-2H-[1,2,4] oxadiazol-5-one derivatives, processes for their preparation and their use as pharmaceuticals Download PDFInfo
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- TW200843749A TW200843749A TW096147333A TW96147333A TW200843749A TW 200843749 A TW200843749 A TW 200843749A TW 096147333 A TW096147333 A TW 096147333A TW 96147333 A TW96147333 A TW 96147333A TW 200843749 A TW200843749 A TW 200843749A
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- CMSGWTNRGKRWGS-NQIIRXRSSA-N torcetrapib Chemical compound COC(=O)N([C@H]1C[C@@H](CC)N(C2=CC=C(C=C21)C(F)(F)F)C(=O)OCC)CC1=CC(C(F)(F)F)=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 CMSGWTNRGKRWGS-NQIIRXRSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950004514 torcetrapib Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- TWYFGYXQSYOKLK-CYUSMAIQSA-N varenicline tartrate Chemical group OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O.C12=CC3=NC=CN=C3C=C2[C@H]2C[C@@H]1CNC2 TWYFGYXQSYOKLK-CYUSMAIQSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
200843749 九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域] 5 本發明係有關具有PPAR5或PPAR5與PPARa促效劑 活性之磺醯基-苯基-噚二唑酮類及其生理上可接受之鹽與 具生理功能之衍生物。 【先前技術】 具有磺醯胺基團之ΡΡΑΙιδ促效劑見述於w〇
2003/097607、WO 2004/005253 與 DE 10335449 以及 WO
10 2004/092117。含有呤二唑酮特徵之化合物揭示於WO 2005/097786 〇 【發明内容】 本發明之目的在於提供發揮治療上可利用的脂質及/ 15 或石炭水化合物代謝調節作用,因此適用於預防及/或治療例 如2型糖尿病與動脈硬化症等疾病及其各種後遺症之化合 物。本發明之另一目的在於治療中樞與周圍神經系統之髓 鞘脫失性與其他神經退化性疾病。 頃發現調節諸ΡΡΑ受體活性之一系列化合物,該等化 2〇 合物特別適用於活化ΡΡΑΙΙδ或ρρΑΙΙδ與PPARa,然而其 相對活化程度可能視特定化合物而不同。 本發明敘述具下式I之化合物: 6 200843749 R10
式I 式中 η R1、R2 R3、R4 ίο R5、R6 15 R5 與 R6 為 0、1 ; 獨立地為Η、(C1-C8)烷基、(C0-C4)伸烷基 -(C3-C7)環烷基、(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C6-C10)芳 基,其中烷基與伸烷基未經取代或被F取代1 至3次; / 獨立地為Η、(C1-C8)烷基、(C0-C4)伸烷基 -(C3-C7)環烷基、(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C6-C10)芳 基,其中烷基與伸烷基未經取代或被F取代1 至3次; 獨立地為Η、(C1-C8)烷基、(C0-C4)伸烷基 -(C3-C7)環烷基、(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C6-C10)芳 基,其中烷基與伸烷基未經取代或被F取代1 至3次;或 和攜帶彼等之碳原子一起形成(C3-C7)環烷基 環,其中一個碳原子可被一個雜原子Ο、S、Ν 置換; 7 200843749 κ/ 為氫、鹵基、(C1-C8)烷基、(C0-C4)伸烷基 •〇-(C0-C4)伸烷基-Η、(C3-C7)環烷基,其中烷 基與伸烧基未經取代或被F取代1至3次; R8、R9 獨立地為Η、鹵基、(C1-C8)烷基、(C0-C4)伸烷 5 基-O-(C0-C4)伸烷基 _H、(C3-C7)環烷基、 -CO-O-(C0-C4)-伸烷基-Η、C0-0-苯基、 -CO-NR12R13,其中烷基與伸烷基未經取代或被 F取代1至3次,NR12R13與苯基未經取代或被 鹵基、(C1-C4)烷基、(C0-C4)伸烷基_〇(C0_C4) ίο 伸烧基-Η、或NR12R13取代1至3次;或 R8與R9和與其結合之諸碳原子一起形成(C5-C7)環烷基
< 環,其中一個碳原子可被一個雜原子〇、S、N 置換; R10、R11獨立地為H、_基、(C1_C8)烷基、(c〇_C4)伸烷 15 基-〇-(C〇-C4)伸烷基-H、(C3-C7)環烷基、 (C6-C1G)芳基’其巾環絲與芳絲經取代或被 (C1-C4)烧絲代1至2次及其巾絲與伸烧基 未經取代或被F取代1至3次; R12、R13獨立地為Η、(C1-C6)烧基; 20 其所有立體異構型與任何比率之混合物,及其生理上可接 受之鹽與互變異構型。 根據本發明之另一具體實例為式〗化合物,其中 η 為 0、1 ; R1、R2獨立地為H、(CUC8)烷基、(c〇_C4)伸烷基 8 200843749 R3 5 R5、 ίο R7 15 R8、 RIO 20 η η -(C3_C7)環烧基、(C0-C4)伸炫基-(C6-C10)芳基’其中烧基與伸烷基未經取代或被F取代1 至3次; R4獨立地為H、(C1-C8)烷基、(C0-C4)伸烷基 -(C3-C7)環烷基、(c〇_C4)伸烷基 _(C6_cl〇)芳基’其中烷基與伸烷基未經取代或被F取代1 至3次;R6獨立地為Η、(C1-C8)烷基、(C0-C4)伸烷基 _(C3-C7)環烷基、(C0-C4)伸烷基 _(C6-C10)芳 基’其中烷基與伸烷基未經取代或被F取代1 至3次; 為氫、鹵基、(C1-C8)烷基、(C0-C4)伸烷基 -〇-(C0-C4)伸烷基-H、(C3-C7)環烷基,其中烷 基與伸烷基未經取代或被F取代1至3次; R9 獨立地為Η、鹵基、(C1-C8)烧基、(C0-C4)伸烷 基_〇-(C0-C4)伸烷基_H、(C3-C7)環烷基,其中 烧基與伸烷基未經取代或被F取代1至3次; 、R11獨立地為Η、鹵基、(C1-C8)烷基、(C0-C4)伸烷 基-〇-(C0-C4)伸烷基-Η、(C3-C7)環烷基,其中 烧基與伸烧基未經取代或被F取代1至3次。 根據本發明之另一具體實例為式I化合物,其中 為0 〇 根據本發明之另一具體實例為式I化合物,其中 為1 〇 9 200843749 根據本發明之另一具體實例為式i化合物,其中 R9 位於位置2。 根據本發明之另一具體實例為式I化合物,其中 R9 位於位置3 (當R8與R9和與其結合之諸碳原子 5 一起形成環烷基環時)。 根據本發明之另一具體實例為式I化合物,其中 R11 位於位置3’。 根據本發明之另一具體實例為式I化合物,其中 R11 位於位置3’及 ίο R10 為 H〇 根據本發明之另一具體實例為式I化合物,其中 R8 為 CF3。 根據本發明之另一具體實例為式I化合物,其中 R10 為 C1。 15 根據本發明之另一具體實例為式I化合物,其中 R5與R6 和攜帶彼等之碳原子一起形成(C3-C7)環烷基 環,其中一個碳原子可被一個雜原子Ο、S、N 置換,較佳為被一個雜原子0置換。 根據本發明之另一具體實例為式I化合物,其中一或 2〇 多個取代基具有下述意義: η 為 0、1 ;
Rl、R2 為 Η ; R3、R4 為 Η ; R5、R6 獨立地為Η、(C1-C6)烷基,較佳為,Η、CH3 ;或 10 200843749 R5與R6 和攜帶彼等之碳原子一起形成(C5-C6)環烷基 環,其中一個碳原子可被一個雜原子〇或]S[置 換,較佳為形成四氳吼11南環; R7 為 Η ; 5 R8 為 CF3、Cl ; R9 位於位置2及 R9 為 Η、F、0-(Cl-C4)烧基、C〇〇H、C0-0-苯基、 0-(Cl-C4)烷基 _NR12R13、c〇-〇-(Cl_C4)烷基 -NR12R13、C0-NH-(C1-C4)燒基-NR12R13 ;或 ίο R8與R9和與其結合之諸碳原子一起形成(C5_C6)環烷基 環,其中一個碳原子被一個雜原子〇置換; R10 為 Η、α、F、CH3 ; R11 為 Η、cn、苯基-CF3 ; R12、R13 為(C1-C4)烷基。 15 根據本發明之另一具體實例為式I化合物,其中一或 多個取代基具有下述意義: η 為 0、1 ;
Rl、R2 為 Η ; R3、R4 為 Η ; 20 R5、R6 ’獨立地為Η、(C1-C6)烷基,較佳為,η、CH3 ;或 R5與R6和攜帶彼等之碳原子一起形成(C5-C6)環烷基 環,其中一個碳原子被一個雜原子〇置換,較 佳為四氫吡喃環; R7 為 Η ; 11 200843749 R8 為 CF3、Cl ; R9 為 Η、0_(C1-C4)烷基、COOH、CO-O-苯基,較 5 10 15 佳為Η、曱氧基、COOH、CO-O-苯基;或 R8與R9和與其結合之諸碳原子一起形成(C5-C6)環烷基 環,其中一個碳原子被一個雜原子0置換; R10 為 Η、C1 ; rii 為 η、cn、苯基-CF3 ; R12、R13為(C1-C4)烷基,較佳為曱基。 根據本發明之另一具體實例為式I化合物,其中一或 多個取代基具有下述意義: η 為 0、1 ;
Rl、R2 為 Η ; R3、R4 為 Η ; R5、R6 獨立地為Η、(C1-C6)烷基,較佳為,Η、CH3 ; R7 為 Η ; R8 為 CF3 ; R9 為 Η ; R10 為 Cl ; R11 為 Η。 根據本發明之另一具體實例為式I化合物,其中一或 多個取代基具有下述意義:
Rl、R2 為 Η ; R3、R4 為 Η ; R5、R6 獨立地為Η、(C1-C6)烷基,較佳為,Η、CH3 ; 12 20 2UU843749 R7 為Η ; R8 為 CF3 ; R9 為 U、ρ ; R10 為 Η、C1、 R11 為JJ 〇 F、CH3 ; 尽發明之另一具體實例為 多個取代基具有下述意義·· R5 斗竹 化合物,其中一或 R5 R6 R5 R6 R9 為Η,及 為Η ’或 為CH3,及 為 CH3 ; 為Η ; R1° 為 Η、Cl。 15 =本發明之進一步具體實例為下述化合物: 其[(4_三氟曱基笨基)_2,3_二氫令朵小礦酿基Η 基}-.[1,2,4]噚二唑 _5_ 酮 3-{4-[3,3-二曱基-5-(4·三氟曱基-笨基)_2,3_二氫,哚礦 酿基]-苯基}-2Η-[1,2,4]4二峻_5_酉同 M2-氯_4-[5-(4-三氟曱基-苯基)-2,3_二氫-吲哚小磺醯基]_ 苯基}-4Η-[1,2,4]啐二哇-5-酮 3_{2-氯-4-[3,3-二曱基-5-(4-三氟曱基-苯基)-2,3-二氫-吲哚 -1-石黃酸基]_苯基}-211-[1,2,4]_二嗤-5-酮 3-{2-氯-4-[7-(4-三氟曱基-苯基)_3,4-二氫-1H-異喹啉_2_磺 醯基]•苯基}-211-[1,2,4]畤二唑_5_酮 13 200843749 3-{3-氯-4-[5-(4-三氟曱基-苯基)-2,3-二氫_吲哚-1-磺醯基]-苯基}-4Η-[1,2,4]呤二唑-5-酮 3-{4-[5-(2-曱氧基-4-三氟甲基-苯基)-2,3-二氫-吲哚-1-石黃醯 基]-苯基}-4Η-[1,2,4]呤二唑_5-酮 5-氣-2-{l-[4-(5-酬基-4,5_ 二氮-[1,2,4]° 亏一唾-3-基)-苯石黃酿 基]-2,3-二氫-1H-吲哚-5-基}-苯甲酸苯酯 10 15 20 5-氯-2-{l-[4-(5-酮基-4,5-二氫-[1,2,4]口寻二唑-3_基)-苯磺醯 基]-2,3_^一鼠_1Η_ϋ弓卜朵-5-基}-苯曱酸 3-{4-[5-(2,3-二氫-苯并呋喃-5-基)-2,3-二氫-吲哚小磺醯 基]-苯基}_4Η-[1,2,4]4 二唾 _5-酮 3_{4-[3,3-(4-螺-四氫吨喃)-5-(4-三氟曱基-苯基)_2,3_二氫· 口引°木-1-石頁酿基]_苯基}-411_[1,2,4]4二嗤-5-酉同 3-二氟曱基-6_[5-(4-三氟曱基_苯基)_2,3_二氫_吲哚磺 酉监基]-聯本-3-基}-411-[1,2,4]。号二唾-5-酮 3-(4-{5-[2-(2-二曱胺基-乙氧基>4_三氟ψ基_苯基]_2 二 -吲哚-1-磺醯基}-苯基)-41^1,2,4]噚二唑_5-酮 ’工 _ 基 _4,5·二氫 _[U,4H3 基]-2,3-二虱_出,朵_5_基}_5_三氟 甲 基-乙酯 鲛2-一甲胺 N-(2-二曱胺基_ 乙基)_2_{1_[4_(5, 4 唾-3-基)-苯石黃酸基]_2,3_二氯巧 ,5_「MU,4K二 曱醯胺。 卞·5_基卜三氟曱基-苯 物 14 200843749 10 15 本文所用烷基一詞廣義上欲被瞭解為意指可為線型(亦 即直鏈)或分支鏈之飽和烴殘基。若未另行界定,烧基具有 1至8個碳原子。含有1、2、3、4、5、6、7或8個碳原子 之烷基殘基「-(C1-C8)-烷基」之實例為甲基、乙基、丙基、 丁基、戊基、己基、庚基或辛基,所有彼等殘基之正異構 物異丙基、異丁基、1-甲基丁基、異戊基、新戊基、2 2_一 甲基丁基、2-甲基戊基、3-曱基戊基、異己基、第二^基^ 第三丁基或第三戊基。「_(C0_C8)-烷基」一詞為含有丄、^、 3、4、5、6、7或8個碳原子之烴殘基,其中「-C〇_燒其 一詞為共價鍵。所有彼等敘述均適用於伸烷基一詞。 」
本文所用烯基一詞廣義上欲被瞭解為意指具有丨至4 個雙鍵及可為線型(亦即直鏈)或分支鏈之烴殘基。若未另行 界定,烯基具有2至8個碳原子。含有2、3、4、5、6、T 或8個礙原子之烯基殘基「-(C2_C8H希基」之實例為乙y 基、1-丙烯基、2-丙烯基卜烯丙基)、2-丁烯基、3_丁烯基布 2-曱基-2-丁烯基、3-曱基-2-丁稀基、5_己烯基或u一戊二 基。所有彼寻敛述均適用於伸稀基一詞。 本文所用炔基一詞廣義上欲被瞭解為意指具有丨至4 個參鍵及可為線型(亦即直鏈)或分支鏈之烴殘基。若未另〃一 界定,炔基具有2至8個碳原子。含有2、3、4、5、仃 或8個破肝之絲雜「_(C2_C8)m例為6己7 基、1-丙炔基、2-丙炔基(=炔丙基)或2_丁快基。所有笑 欽述均適用於伸块基一詞。 、 所有彼等敘述亦適用於呈另—殘基上的取代基出現之 15 20 200843749 烷基基團,例如於烷氧殘基、烷氧羰基殘基或芳基烷基殘 基中之烷基。 若未另行界定,則烷基,及伸烷基,係未經取代或被 下述適當基團互相獨立地單、雙-或三取代··例如,F、C1、 Br、I、CF3、N02、CN、COOH、CO-O-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C6-C10) 芳基、C0-0-(Cl-C4)烷基、CO-O-(C0_C4)伸烷基-(C3-C13) 環烷基、C〇_O-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C15)雜環、CO-N((CO-C4) 伸烷基-H)-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C6-C10)芳基、CO-N((CO-C4)伸 烷基-H)-(C0-C4)伸烷基-H、CO-N((CO-C4)伸烷基 -HHC0-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C13)環烷基、CO-N((CO-C4)伸烷基 -HMC0-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C15)雜環、(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C6) 環烷基、(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C6-C10)芳基、(C0-C4)伸烷基 KC3-C15)雜環、(C2-C6)-烯基、(C2-C6)-炔基、〇-(C0-C6)-烷基、O-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C6-C10)芳基、〇-(C0-C4)伸烷基 -(C3-C12)環烷基、CKC0-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C15)雜環、 〇-CO-O-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C6-C10)芳基、0-C0_0_(Cl-C4)烷 基、〇-CO-O-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C13)環烷基、 0-CO-CKCO-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C15)雜環、S-(C1-C4)烷基、 S-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C13)環烷基、S-(C0-C4)伸烧基 -(C6-C10)芳基、S-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C15)雜環、s〇-(Cl-C4) 燒基、SO-(CO-C4)伸烧基_(C3-C13)環烧基、S〇-(c〇-C4)伸 燒基-(C6-C10)芳基、SO-(CO-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C15)雜環、 S02-(C1_C4)烷基、SO2-(C0-C4)伸烷基_(C3_C13)環烧基、 S〇2-(C0_C4)伸烷基-(C6-C10)芳基、S02-(C〇-C4)伸烧基 16 200843749 -(C3-C15)雜環、s〇2_N((C0-C4)伸烧基-H)-(C0-C4)伸烧基 -(C6-C10)芳基、s〇2-N((C0_C4)伸烷基-H)-(C0-C4)伸烷基 -Η、SO2-N((C0_C4)伸烷基_H)-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C13)環烷 基、SO2_N((C0_C4)伸烷基-HHC0-C4)伸烷基_(C3-C15)雜 5 環,其中芳基環或雜環狀環未經取代或被F、CL· Br、OH、 CF3、N02、CN、OCF3、0-(Cl-C6)-烷基、(C1-C6)-烷基、 N((C0-C4H申烷基_h)-(C0-C4)-伸烷基-Η單或雙取代; N((C0-C4)-伸烷基_h)-(C0-C4)-伸烷基-Η、N((C0-C4)伸烷基 _H)-(C0-C4)伸烷基-HHC1-C6)環烷基、N((C0-C4)伸烷基 ίο -H)-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C6-C12)-芳基、N((C0-C4)伸烷基 -H)-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C15)雜環、N((C0-C4)伸烷基 -H)-CO-(CO-C4)伸烷基-(C6-C12)-芳基、N((C0-C4)伸烷基 -H)-CO-(CO-C4)烷基、N((C0-C4)伸烷基-H)-CO-(CO-C4)伸 烷基-(C3-C13)環烷基、N((C0-C4)伸烷基-H)-CO-(CO-C4)伸 15 烷基-(C3-C15)雜環、N((C0-C4)伸烷基_H)-CO-O-(C0-C4)伸 烷基 _(C6-C12)·芳基、N((C0-C4)伸烷基-H)-CO-O_(C0_C4) 烷基、N((C0_C4)伸烷基-H)-C〇-O-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C13) 環烷基、N((C0-C4)伸烷基-H)_CO-O-(C0-C4)伸烧基 -(C3-C15)雜環、N((C0-C4)伸烷基-H)_CO-N((CO-C4;H 申燒基 2〇 -H)-(C0_C4)伸烷基-(C6-C12)-芳基、N((C0-C4)伸燒基 -H)-CO-N((CO_C4)_伸烷基-H)_(C0-C4)烷基、N((C0-C4)伸燒 基 _H)-CO-N((CO_C4)-伸烷基 _H)-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C3_Cl3) 環烷基、N((C0_C4)伸烷基-H)-CO-N((CO-C4)_ 伸燒& -Η)-(ΟΧ4)伸烷基-(C3-C15)雜環,其中芳基環或雜環狀^ 17 200843749 未經取代或被 F、Cl、Br、I、OH、CF3、Ν〇2、CN、OCF3、 0-(Cl-C6)-烷基、(C1-C6)-烷基、N((C〇-C4M申烷基 -H)-(C0-C4)·伸烧基-Η、S02-CH3、CO〇H、C00-(C1-C6)_ 烷基、SF5、CONH2單或雙取代。 5 若未另行說明,則環烷基一詞欲被瞭解為意指含有3 至13個碳原子之呈單環或雙環、稠環、橋聯環或螺環之飽 和烴環。(C3-C13)-環烷基殘基之實例為含有3、4、5、6、 7、8、9、10、11、12或13環個碳原子之環烷基殘基例如 環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、環己基、環庚基、環辛基、環 ίο 壬基、環癸基、環十一基或環十二基。環烷基一詞亦包含 其中上述任何環烷基環稠合於苯環之雙環基團,例如二氫 碎及1,2,3,4-四氮蔡。 若未另行界定,則環烷基係未經取代或被下述適當基 團互相獨立地單、雙-或三取代:例如F、Cl、Br、I、CF3、 15 N02、CN、COOH、CO-O-(C0-C4)伸烧基-(C6-C10)芳基、 CO-CHC1-C4)烷基、CO-O-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C13)環烷 基、CO-CKCO-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C15)雜環,、CO-N((CO-C4) 伸烷基_H)-(C1-C6)伸烷基-Η、CO-N((CO-C4)伸烷基 -H)-(C1-C6)環烷基、CON((CO-C4)伸烷基-HHC0_C4)伸烷 2〇 基-(C6-C12)-芳基、(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C3_C6)環烷基、(C3-C6) 烷基、(C2-C6)-烯基、(C2-C6)-炔基、(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C6-C10) 芳基、(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C15)雜環、〇-(C0-C6)_烷基、 (C0-C4)伸烷基-〇-(C0-C4)烷基、(C0-C4)伸烷基-O-(C0-C4) 伸烷基-(C3-C13)環烷基、(C0-C4)伸烷基-O-(C0-C4)伸烷基 18 200843749 -(C6-C10)芳基、(C0-C4)伸烷基-〇-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C15) 雜環、〇-CO-O-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C6-C10)芳基、 0-CO-CKC1-C4)烷基、〇_CO-O_(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C13)環 烷基、〇_CO-O-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C15)雜環、 5 〇-CO-N((CO-C4)伸烷基-H)-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C6-C10)芳 基、O-CO-N((C0-C4)伸烷基 _H)_(C0-C4)伸烷基-H、 O-CO-N((C0-C4)伸烷基-H)-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C13)環烧 _ 基、O-CO-N((C0-C4)伸烷基-H)_(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C15)雜 環、S-(C1-C4)烷基、S-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C13)環烷基、 ίο S-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C6-C10)芳基、S-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C15) 雜環、S0-(C1-C4)烷基、SO-(CO-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C13)環烷 基、SO-(CO-C4)伸烷基-(C6-C10)芳基、SO-(CO-C4)伸烷基 -(C3-C15)雜環、S02-(C1-C4)烷基、SO2-(C0-C4)伸烷基 -(C3-C13)環烷基、SO2-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C6-C10)芳基、 is SO2-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C15)雜環、SO2-N((C0-C4)伸烷基 -HHC0-C4)伸烷基-(C6-C10)芳基、SO2_N((C0-C4)伸烷基 -HHC0-C4)伸烷基-H、SO2-N((C0-C4)伸烷基-H)-(C0-C4) 伸烷基-(C3-C13)環烷基、SO2-N((C0-C4)伸烷基-H)-(C0-C4) 伸烷基-(C3-C15)雜環’其中芳基環或雜環狀環未經取代或 20 被 F、Cl、Br、OH、CF3、N02、CN、OCF3、0-(Cl-C6)-烷基、(C1-C6)-烷基、N((C0-C4)_伸烷基_h)_(c〇-C4)-伸烷 基-H單或雙取代; N((C0-C4)-伸烷基 _HHC0-C4)-伸烷基 _H、N((c〇_C4)伸烧基 -H)-(C0-C4)伸烷基-H)-(C1-C6)環烷基、n((C0-C4)伸烧基 19 200843749 -H)-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C6-C12)-芳基、N((C0-C4)伸烷基 -H:KC0-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C15)雜環、N((C0-C4)伸烷基 -H)-CO-(CO-C4)伸烷基-(C6-C12)-芳基、N((C0-C4)伸烷基 5 10 15 -H)-CO-(CO-C4)烷基、N((C0-C4)伸烷基-H)-CO-(CO-C4)伸 烷基-(C3-C13)環烷基、N((C0-C4)伸烷基-H)_CO-(CO-C4)伸 烷基-(C3-C15)雜環、N((C0_C4)伸烷基_H)-CO-O_(C0-C4)伸 烷基-(C6-C12)·芳基、N((C0-C4)伸烷基-H)-CO-O_(C0-C4) 烷基、N((C0-C4)伸烷基-H)_CO-O-(C0-C4)伸烷基_(C3-C13) 環烷基、N((C0-C4)伸烷基-H)-CO-O-(C0-C4)伸烷基 -(C3-C15)雜環、N((C0-C4)伸烷基-H)-CO-N((CO-C4)-伸烷基 -H)_(C0-C4)伸烷基 _(C6_C12)_ 芳基、N((c〇_C4)伸烷基 -H)-CO-N((CO-C4)_伸烷基-H)-(C0_C4)烧基、N((C0_C4)伸烷 基-H)-CO-N((CO_C4)-伸烷基-H)-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C13) 環烷基、N((C0-C4)伸烷基-H)-CO-N((CO-C4>伸烧基 -H)-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C3_C15)雜環,其中芳基或雜環狀環未 經取代或被 F、a、Br、I、〇H、CF3、N02、CN、OCF3、 〇-(Cl-C6)-烧基、(C1_C6)_ 烷基、n((C0_C4)_ 伸燒基 -H)-(C0-C4)-伸烧基_H、s〇2_CH3、c〇〇H、c〇c^ci 烧基、SF5、CONH2單或雙取代。 芳基」一祠欲被瞭解為意指含有6至14個碳原子之 呈單,或雙環之芳族烴環。(C6_C14)_芳基環之實例為苯 基、奈基(例如1-萘基與2_萘基)、聯苯基(例如2_聯苯美、 3-聯苯基與4_聯苯基)、蒽基或第基。芳基環之進一步二 實例為聯苯基環、萘基環及特別是苯基環。 ^ 20 20 200843749 一雜環一詞欲被瞭解為意指含有3至15個碳原子之呈單 環或雙環、稠環、橋聯環或螺環之飽和(雜環烧基)、部 環烯基)或不飽和(雜芳基)烴環,其中該3至Μ個 Γ 之1至5個碳原子被例如氮、氧或硫等雜原子置 ,、中進一步地,該等雜原子可被氧化,例如N=0、 二二⑽。雜環之實例為°丫唆基、氮雜°引嗓叫口比略并〇比 紅基)、虱雜苯并咪唑基、氮雜螺癸基、吖庚因基、吖丁 基、吖丙咬基、苯并咪唑基、苯并呋、- 。基其,硫代吱喃基、苯并嘍吩基、苯并、苯二 唾土、苯并二唾基、苯并四唾基、苯并異十坐基、苯并異 、°卡唾基、4aH十坐基"卡琳基”克基、咬烯基? 15 20 辛土、十氫喹啉基、4,5-二氫噚唑啉基、二畤唑基、二# :基、U-二彻烷&、u_)号環戊雜、3,3n;: ΓΓ井基、6則,5,2-二斜基、二氫咬喃并[2,叫四氫咬 喃土、吱喃基、料基、咪㈣基、咪讀基、味唾基、 1Η-吲唑基、吲哚啉基、吲σ井基、吲d朵基、紐令朵基、里 苯并吱喃基、異絲、異+坐基、異,轉基、異啊基、 異啥«(苯并咪絲)、異㈣基、料錢基、異嗟唾。林 基異7唑基、兴°亏唑啉基、異噚唑啶基、2_異噚唑啉基、 嗣基派口井基、嗎福琳基、吟咬基、八氫異喧琳基”号二唾 基1,2,3_纺一唑基、ι,2,4-啐二唑基、噚二唑基、 W^二哇基、!»塞庚因基、以崎硫茂烧基、& 全風丫庚因基、1,4-十丫庚因基、u令井基、^.令井基、 1,4-十井基、十坐咬基、.坐淋基、十垒基、十且基"等環 21 200843749 辛$基、啡啶基、啡啉基、啡畊基、啡噻啡基、啡噚噻基、 非可井基、呔畊基、哌畊基、哌啶基、喋啶基、嘌呤基、 比1基、哌畊基、吡唑啶基、吡唑啉基、吡唑基、嗒畊基、 比=并'唾基、吡啶并咪唑基、吡啶并噻唑基、吡錠基、 比疋基、嘧啶基、吡咯啶基、吡咯啶酮基、吡咯啉基、2H-比咯基、吡咯基、喹唑啉基、喹啉基、4H-啥畊基、喹噚啉 土尸定基、四氫呋喃基、四氫異喹琳基、四氫喹琳基、 气夫南基、四氫π比喃基、四氫^比錠基、四氫嗟吩基、四 =土 四口坐基、6η_1,2,5_嗟二口井基、1,2,3_嗟二唾基、1,2,4_ ^ 坐基、H5-嗟二嗤基、1,3,4-嗟二唑基、嗟嗯基、ι,2-井基、1,3-¾啡基、ι,4-σ塞υ井基、1,3·^塞哇基、嗟峻基、u塞 疋基、噻唑啉基、噻吩基、環硫丙烷基、噻吩并噻唑基、 二刀并啰嗤基、嗟吩并咪嗤基、硫代嗎福琳基、苯硫盼基、 苯硫基、噻喃基、1,2,3_三畊基、1,2,4-三畊基、1,3,5-三畊 基、12,3-三唑基、ι,2,4-三唑基、1,2,5-三唑基、1,3,4-三唑 基與%基。 该等雜環狀環係未經取代或被下述適當基團單、雙-或 三取代:例如,F、a、Br、I、CF3、N02、CN、COOH、 c〇-〇-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C6-C10)芳基、CO-CKC1-C4)烧基、 C〇O-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C13)環烷基、CO-O-(C0-C4)伸烷 基-(C3-C15)雜環、CO-N((CO-C4)伸烷基-H)-(C1-C6)伸烷基 _H、CO-N((CO-C4)伸烷基-HHC1-C6)環烷基、CON((CO_C4) 伸烷基-H)-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C6-C12)-芳基、(C0-C4)伸烷基 -(C3-C6)環烷基、(C3-C6)烷基、(C2-C6)-烯基、(C2-C6)-炔 22 200843749 基、(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C6-C10)芳基、(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C15) 雜環、CKC0-C6)-烷基、(C0-C4)伸烷基-〇-(C0-C4)烷基、 (C0-C4)伸烷基-O-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C13)環烷基、(C0-C4) 伸烷基-〇-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C6-C10)芳基、(C0-C4)伸烷基 5 -〇-(C0-C4)伸烧基-(C3-C15)雜環、O-CO_O-(C0-C4)伸烧基 -(C6-C10)芳基、O-CO-CKCl-C^烷基、O-CO-CKC0-C4)伸 烧基-(C3-C13)環烧基、O-CO_O-(C0-C4)伸烧基-(C3-C15)雜 環、O-CO-N((C0-C4)伸烷基_HHC0-C4)伸烷基-(C6-C10)芳 基、O-CO-N((C0-C4)伸烷基-H)-(C0_C4)伸烷基-H、 ίο 〇CO-N((CO-C4)伸烷基-H)-(C0-C4)伸烷基 _(C3 _C 13)環烷 基、O-CO-N((C0-C4)伸烷基-H)-(C0_C4)伸烷基-(C3-C15)雜 環、S-(C1-C4)烷基、S-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C13)環烷基、 S-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C6_C10)芳基、S-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C15) 雜環、S〇-(C1-C4)烷基、SO-(CO-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C13)環烷 15 基、SO-(CO-C4)伸烷基-(C6_C10)芳基、S〇-(C0-C4)伸烷基 -(C3-C15)雜 ί哀、S02-(C1-C4)烧基、SO2_(C0-C4)伸烧基 •(C3-C13)環烷基、SO2-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C6-C10)芳基、 S〇2-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C15)雜環、SO2-N((C0-C4)伸烷基 -H)-(C0-C4)伸烧基-(C6-C10)芳基、S〇2-N((C0-C4)伸烧基 2〇 -H)-(C0-C4)伸烧基,Η、SO2-N((C0-C4)伸烧基-H)-(C0-C4) 伸烧基-(C3-C13)環烧基、SO2-N((C0-C4)伸烧基-H)-(C0-C4) 伸烷基-(C3-C15)雜環,其中芳基環或雜環狀環未經取代或 被 F、Cl、Br、OH、CF3、N02、CN、OCF3、〇(Cl-C6)-烷基、(C1_C6)_烷基、N((C0-C4)-伸烷基_H)_(C0-C4)-伸烷 23 200843749 基-Η單或雙取代; N((C0-C4)-伸烷基-H)-(C0-C4)-伸烷基-Η、N((C0-C4)伸烷基 -H)-(C0-C4)伸烷基-HHC1-C6)環烷基、N((C0-C4)伸烷基 -H)_(C0_C4)伸烷基-(C6-C12)-芳基、N((C0-C4)伸烷基 5 -HHC0_C4)伸烷基-(C3-C15)雜環、N((C0-C4)伸烷基 -H)-CO-(CO-C4)伸烷基-(C6-C12)-芳基、N((C0-C4)伸烷基 -H)-CCKC0-C4)烷基、N((C0_C4)伸烷基-H)_CO-(CO_C4)伸 烷基-(C3-C13)環烷基、N((C0-C4)伸烷基-H)-CO_(CO-C4)伸 烷基-(C3-C15)雜環、N((C0-C4)伸烷基-H)-C〇-O-(C0_C4)伸 ίο 烷基-(C6_C12)-芳基、N((C0-C4)伸烷基-H)-CO_O_(C0-C4) 烷基、N((C0-C4)伸烷基-H)_CO-O-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C13) 環烷基、N((C0_C4)伸烷基-H)-CO-O-(C0_C4)伸烷基 -(C3-C15)雜環、N((C0-C4)伸烷基-H)-CO-N((CO_C4)-伸烷基 -H)-(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C6-C12)-芳基、N((C0-C4)伸烷基 15 -H)-CO-N((CO-C4)-伸烷基-H)-(C0-C4)烷基、N((C0-C4)伸烷 基-H)-CO-N((CO-C4)-伸烷基-HHC0-C4)伸烷基-(C3-C13) 環烷基、N((C0-C4)伸烷基-H)-CO-N((CO-C4)-伸烷基 -HHCO-CA伸烷基-(C3-C15)雜環,其中芳基或雜環狀環未 經取代或被 F、Cl、Br、I、OH、CF3、N02、CN、OCF3、 2〇 0-(Cl-C6)_ 烧基、(C1-C6),烧基、N((C0-C4)_ 伸燒基 -HHC0-C4)-伸烧基-H,S02-CH3、COOH、C00-(C1-C6)- 烷基、SF5、CONH2單或雙取代。 鹵基為氟、氯、溴或蛾基。 出現於式I化合物中之光學活性碳原子可各自獨立地 24 200843749 非i r 物可呈純鏡像異構物或純 非鏡像兴構物形式或呈鏡像 式,例如呈消旋物形式存在。太私明7^非鏡像兴構物形 盘鏡像里椹物之有關純鏡像異構物 ,混合物。本發明包含兩種或兩種匕=: 構物之混合物及於混合物巾包含所有 ” 於,化合物可呈Ε異構物或ζ異構物= ^ 式兴構物)出現之情形下,本、工 ^
異構物二者及有關所有比率異構物與純Z
Vt儿人丨, h/Z此合物。本發明亦包合 式I化合物之所有互變異構物形式。 芦析構物,包括E/z異構物,舉例而言,可利用 :=Γ異構物。消旋物可利用習知方法,例: Μ層析法,或__法,例如使用光學活性 15 20 tnz非鏡像異構鹽結晶化’單離為兩個鏡像異構 性反^制Ί致之起始物質或使用立體選擇 陡反應亦可製付立體化學性—致之式α合物。 物合物可呈其消旋體、消旋混合物、純鏡像異構 本發明、ίΐϊ構缺非鏡像緒物之混合物料彡式存在。 使在笨1化合物之所有彼等異構及互變異構形式。縱 未明確詳述,彼等異構形式亦可利用已知 美#斗!I上可接又之豸’由於其在水中的溶解度較起始或 物高’因此特別適用於醫藥用途。彼等鹽必須具 上可接受之陰離子或陽離子。本發明化合物之適當 25 200843749 2藥上可接受之酸加成鹽為無機酸例如鹽酸、氳漠酸、 偏磷酸、械與硫酸之鹽,以及有機酸例如乙酸、 t石成、苯甲酸、棒樣酸、乙石黃酸、反丁烯二酸、葡萄糖 酉义、乙酵酸、μ乙石黃酸、乳酸、乳糖酸、川員丁稀二酸、韻 果=甲魏、號魏、對f苯俩與酒石酸之鹽。適當 之酱樂上可接受之鹼性鹽為銨鹽、鹼金屬鹽(例如納與鉀 鹽.)、驗土金屬鹽(例如鎂與舞鹽)、及#美塔莫㈣⑽福, 2-胺基趣曱基],3_丙二醇)、二乙醇胺、 胺之鹽。 10 15 具有醫藥上不接受的陰離子(例如三氟乙酸根離子)之 鹽,樣隸>1本發明架構之内,以料製備或純化醫藥上可 接又1之有用中間產物及/或供非治療用途(例如活體外應 用)。 本文所用之「具生理功能之衍生物」係指本發明式工 化合物之任何生理上可容忍之衍生物,例如,投與哺乳動 物(例如人類)後,能(直接或間接)形成式I化合物或其活性 代謝物之酯。 具生理功能之衍生物亦包含本發明化合物之前驅藥 物,例如見述於 H· Okada et al·,Chem· Pharm· Bull· 1994, 42, 57-61者。該等前驅藥物可於活體内代謝成為本發明化合 物。彼等前驅藥物本身可具或不具活性。 本發明化合物亦可呈各式各樣之多晶型(例如非晶與結 晶等多晶型)存在。本發明化合物之所有多晶型均隸屬本發 明架構之内,且為本發明之進一步態樣。 26 20 200843749 下文中所有涉及「式1化合物」之内容均係有關如上述 之式I化合物,及其如本文所述之鹽、溶劑合物與具生理功 能之衍生物。 5 用途 本發明進一步有關使用式I化合物及其醫藥組成物作 為PPAR配位體之用途。本發明之PPAR配位體適於作為 PPAR活性之調節劑。 過氧化體增殖劑活化受體(PPAR)為可被配位體活化之 ίο 轉錄因子,屬於核激素受體類。有三種同功型PPAR, PPARa、ΡΡΑΙΙγ及PPARS (與ΡΡΑΙΙβ相同),係由不同的基 因編碼(Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR): structure, mechanisms of activation and diverse functions: Motojima K,Cell Struct Funct· 1993 Oct; 18(5):267-77) 〇 i5 於人體中,PPARy存在三種變異體,ΡΡΑΓΙγι、PPARy2、 與PPΑΙΙγ3,係交替使用啟動子與差異性mRNA接合的結 果。不同的PPARs具有不同的組織分佈性,調節不同的生 理功能。彼等PPARs在許多基因的調控各方面負有重責, 該等基因之產物直接或間接關鍵性地涉及脂質與碳水化合 2〇 物代謝。因此,例如,PPARa受體於肝臟中脂肪酸分解代 謝或脂蛋白代謝上擔任重要角色,而PPARy關鍵性地涉及 例如調控脂肪細胞之分化作用。然而,此外,PPARs亦涉 及許多其他生理過程之調控’包括未直接與;5炭水化合物或 脂質代謝有關連者。不同PPARs的活性可受到各種脂肪 27 200843749 酸、脂肪酸衍生物與合成化合物不同程度的調節。有關功 能、生理效應與病理生理學之相關回顧,參閱:Berger,J. et al·,Annu· Rev· Med·,2002, 53, 409-435 ; Wilson,Τ· et al·,J· Med· Chem·,2000, 43 (4),527-550 ; Kliewer,S· et al·,Recent 5 Prog Horm Res·,2001,56, 239-63 ; Moller,D.E· and Berger, J.P·,Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord·,2003,27 Suppl 3, 17-21 ; Ram,VJ·,Drugs Today,2003, 39(8),609-32。 三個同功型PPAR中,ΡΡΑΙΙδ之生理功能長久以來仍 是團謎。PPAR3於藥理學上第一個被建議的角色為調控膽 ίο 固醇之體内平衡。頃已證實有些微選擇性之ΡΡΑΓΙδ配位體 L-165041於糖尿病動物模式中提升血漿膽固醇(Berger j. et al·,J· Biol. Chem·,1999, 274, 6718-6725 ; Leibowitz M.D· et al·,FEBS Lett·,2000, 473(3),333-336)。於肥胖、胰島素抗 性恒河猴中,強效及選擇性之PPAR5配位體GW501516提 15 升HDL-膽固醇、降低血漿LDL-膽固醇、三酸甘油酯與胰 島素含量(Oliver,W· et al·,Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci·,2001,98, 5306-5311)。二元 ppARS/PPARa 促效劑 YM-16638 明顯降 低恒河猴與食蟹猴之血漿脂質(Goto, S. et al·,Br. J· Pharm., 1996, 118, 174-178),於健康志願者之兩週臨床試驗中,也 2〇 以相同方式作用(Shimokawa,T. et al.,Drug Dev. Res.,1996, 385 86-92) 〇 更新近之公告文獻強調ΡΡΑΙΙδ係治療血脂異常、胰島 素抗性、2型糖尿病、動脈硬化症與X症候群之重要標靶 (Wang,Y_X. et al·,Cell,2003, 113, 159-170 ; Luquet,S· et al·, 28 200843749 FASEB J., 2003, 17, 209-226 ; Tanaka, T. et al., PNAS, 2003, 100,15924-15929 ; Holst,D· et al·, BioChem· Biophys· Acta, 2003,1633, 43-50 ; Dressel,U· et al·,Mol· Endocrin·,2003, 17,2477-2493 ; Lee,C.H· et al·,Science,2003,302, 5 453-457) 〇 除了作為脂質-、葡萄糖-及膽固醇-代謝調控劑之作用 外,業界已知PPAR5於胚胎發育、移植及骨骼形成中扮演重 要角色(Lim,H· and Dey,S.K·,Trends Endocrinol Metab·, 2000,11(4),137-42; Ding,Ν·Ζ· et al·,Mol Reprod Dev·,2003, 10 66(3),218-24 ; Mano, H· et al·,J Biol Chem·,2000, 275(11), 8126-32)。 許多公告文獻證實,ΡΡΑΪΙδ觸發角質細胞之增殖作用 與分化作用,點*其於皮膚疾病與傷口癒合上扮演之角色(Di-Poi,N. et al·,J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol·,2003,85(2-5),257-65 ; i5 Tan,N.S· et al。Am J Clin Dermatol。2003,4(8),523-30 ; Wahli,W·,Swiss Med Wkly·,2002, 132(7-8),83_91)。PPAR3 似乎於CNS中顯著表現;然而於其中之許多功能仍未被發 現。最引人關注者,乃發現ΡΡΑΓΙδ於嚅齒動物之寡樹突細 胞中表現,其為CNS中主要之脂質製造細胞(J· Granneman, 20 et al·,J· Neurosci· Res·,1998,51,563-573)。此外,亦發現 ΡΡΑΓΙδ選擇性促效劑於小鼠培養物中明顯增加寡樹突膠質 骨髓磷脂基因表現及骨髓磷脂鞘直徑(I. Saluja et al.,Glia, 2〇〇1,33,194-204)。因此,PPAR3活化劑可能可用於髓鞘 脫失性及骨髓磷脂異常疾病。使用過氧化體增殖劑活化受 29 200843749 體δ促效劑治療MS及其他髓鞘脫失性疾病之用途如 W02005/097098中之敘述所示。 喪失骨髓磷脂(其為覆蓋許多神經纖維之多重稠密層脂 質與蛋白質)時即出現髓鞘脫失性症狀。彼等層係由中樞神 5 經系(CNS)之寡樹突膠質及周邊神經系(PNS)之Schwann細 胞提供。具有髓鞘脫失症狀之病患,其髓鞘脫失作用可能 不可逆;通常伴隨或產生軸索退化,且常產生細胞退化。 髓鞘脫失作用會因神經元損傷或骨髓磷脂本身損傷而發生 -不管是由於異常免疫反應、局部傷害、局部缺血、代謝 ίο 失調、毒劑、或病毒感染(Prineas and McDonald,
Demyelinating Diseases· In Greenfield’s Neuropathology, 6.sup.th ed. (Edward Arnold: New York, 1997) 813-811, Beers and Berkow,eds·,The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy, 17.sup.th ed. (Whitehouse Station^ N.J.: Merck i5 Research Laboratories,1999) 1299, 143入 1473-76, 1483)。 於多種常為不確定病因情況下發生之中樞髓鞘脫失作 用(CNS之髓鞘脫失作用),係所謂原發性髓鞘脫失性疾病。 其中,以多發性硬化症(MS)最為普遍。其他原發性髓鞘脫 失性疾病包括腎上腺腦白質退化症(ALD)、腎上腺髓鞘神經 20 病變、AIDS-液泡型脊髓病變、HTLV-相關之脊髓病變、雷 伯氏(Leber s)运傳性視神經萎縮、進行性多處大腦白質病變 (PML)、亞急性硬化型全腦炎、GuiiHan-Barre症候群與熱 帶痙攣性下身輕癱。此外,髓鞘脫失作用發生於CNS之急 性症狀為,例如,急性瀰散型腦脊髓炎(ADEM)與急性病毒 30 200843749 性腦炎。再者,急性橫貫性脊髓炎(一種症候群,其中不明 原因之急性脊椎神經橫斷對一或多個相鄰胸摩段中之灰質 與白質均產生影響)也會產生髓鞘脫失;以及骨趙鱗脂形成 神經膠質細胞損傷(包括脊椎神經傷害、神經病變與神經傷 5 害)之疾病。 本發明係有關適用於調節PPARs活性,尤其是ΡΡΑΙιδ 與PPARoi活性,之式I化合物。視調節概況而定,式I化 合物適用於治療、控制及預防下文敘述之徵兆,及許多其 他與其有關連之醫藥應用(參閱,例如,Berger,J.,et al., ίο Annu. Rev· Med·,2002, 53, 409-435 ; Wilson,Τ· et al·,J· Med· Chem·,2000, 43(4),527-550 ; Kliewer,S· et al·,Recent Prog Horm Res·,2001,56,239_63 ; Fruchart,J.C. et al·,2001, Pharmacological Research,44(5),345-52 ; Kersten,S· et al·, Nature,2000,405,421_424 ; Torra,Ι·Ρ· et al·,Curr 〇pin i5 Lipidol,2001,12, 245_254)。 此類化合物特別適用於治療及/或預防 1·-脂肪酸代謝失調症及葡萄糖利用失調症 -涉及胰島素抗性之失調症 2·糖尿病,尤其是2型糖尿病,包括預防與其相關之後 20 遺症有關此項之特別態樣為 -南血糖 -改善胰島素抗性 -改#葡萄糖耐受性 _保護胰臟β細胞 31 200843749 -預防大血管及小血管病變 3.血脂異常及其後遺症例如動脈硬化症、冠狀心臟疾 病、腦血管病變等,尤指(惟不限於)具有一或多個下述 因素特徵者: -高血漿三酸甘油酯濃度、高飯後血漿三酸甘油酯濃度 -低HDL膽固醇濃度 -低ApoA脂蛋白濃度 -高LDL膽固醇濃度 -小的稠密LDL膽固醇粒子 -高ApoA脂蛋白濃度 4·可能與代謝症候群相關之各種其他症狀,例如: -肥胖症(體重過重),包括中廣型肥胖症 _血栓症、高凝血狀態及前凝血酶原狀態(動脈及靜脈) 而血壓 心衰竭,例如(惟不限於),於心肌梗塞、高血壓性心 臟病或心肌病變後 5·涉及炎性反應之失調症或症狀為: 一動脈硬化症,例如(惟不限於),冠狀動脈硬化症包括 心絞痛或心肌梗塞、中風 —i管再狹窄或再閉塞 -忮性炎性腸道疾病,例如,克隆氏症(Crohn,s disease) 與潰瘍性結腸炎 -氣喘 紅斑狼瘡症(LE)或炎性風濕性疾病,例如,風濕性關 32 200843749 節炎 -其他炎性狀況 6. 細胞週期或細胞分化過程之失調症 -脂肪細胞腫瘤 5 -脂肪瘤癌’例如’脂肉瘤 -硬塊腫瘤與贅瘤,例如(惟不限於),胃腸道癌、肝癌、 膽道癌與胰臟癌、内分泌腫瘤、肺癌、腎臟癌與尿 道癌、生殖道癌、前列腺癌等 -急性與慢性骨髓:增生疾病及淋巴瘤 10 -血管新生 7. 中柩與周邊神經系之髓鞘脫失及其他神經退化性疾病 包括: 老年癌呆症 -多發性硬化症 15 -巴金森氏症(Parkinson’s disease) -腎上腺腦白質退化症(ALD) -腎上腺髓鞘神經病變 -AIDS-液泡型脊髓病變 -HTLV-相關之脊髓病變 2〇 -雷伯氏遺傳性視神經萎縮 -進行性多處大腦白質病變(PML) -亞急性硬化型全腦炎 -Guillian-Barre 症候群 -熱帶痙攣性下身輕癱 33 200843749 -急性瀰散型腦脊髓炎(ADEM) -急性病毒性腦炎 -急性橫貫性脊髓炎 -脊椎神經與腦創傷 5 - Charcot-Marie-Tooth 疾病 8. 皮膚病及/或傷口癒合過程疾病·· -紅斑鱗狀皮膚病,例如,牛皮癬 -青春痘 -由PPAR調節之其他皮膚病與皮膚科症狀 ίο -濕疹與神經性皮膚炎 -皮膚炎,例如,脂漏性皮膚炎或光照性皮膚炎 -角膜炎與角化病,例如,脂漏性角化病、老年角化病、 光化性角化病、光照引起的角化病或毛囊角化病 -瘢瘤與瘢瘤預防 15 -疲,包括濕瘐或尖型濕疲 -人類乳突瘤病毒(HPV)感染,例如,花柳性乳突瘤、 病毒性疲,例如,接觸性軟疲、黏膜白斑症 -丘療性皮膚病,例如扁平苔蘚 -皮膚癌,例如,基底細胞癌、黑色素瘤或皮膚T細 20 胞淋巴瘤 -局部良性上皮細胞腫瘤,例如,角皮病、上皮痣 -凍瘡 -傷口癒合 9. 其他疾病 34 200843749 - 南J&L壓 騰臟炎 -X症候群 -多囊性卵巢症候群(PCOS) 5 -氣喘 -骨關節炎 -紅斑狼瘡症(LE)或炎性風濕性疾病,例如,風濕性關 節炎 -血管炎 1〇 _消耗病(惡病質) -痛風 -局部缺血/再灌注症候群 -急性呼吸窘迫症候群(ARDS) 15 調配劑 欲達成所需生物效應需要的式I化合物之量取決於許 多因素,例如所選擇之特定化合物、意指用途、投與模式 及病患的臨床狀況。每公斤體重每天的日劑量通常在0.001 毫克至100毫克(典型地為0.01毫克至50毫克)之範圍内, 2〇 例如0.1-10毫克/公斤/天。靜脈内劑量可,例如,在0.001 毫克至1.0毫克/公斤之範圍内,及可適當地呈每分鐘每公 斤體重10奈克至100奈克之輸注劑投與。供彼等目的之適 當輸注液每毫升可,例如,含0.1奈克至10毫克,典型地 為1奈克至10毫克。單一劑量可含,例如,1毫克至10 35 200843749 克活性成分。因此’供注射用之安親可含,例如 宅克;可供經口投與之單—劑量調配劑’ 1毫克至 劑,可含例如〇·〇5至i000亳克, 典型地為谬囊或竣 供治療上述症狀時,式!化合物可就化合物6〇〇毫克。 等較佳為與可接受之_呈醫藥組成物惟彼 必須具可接受性而可與組成物之其他成分相容’當然 病患健康。載劑可為固體或液體或二者兼具 ^危害 合物調配為可含铺至95重量%活性成分化 如旋齊0。同樣地可存在其他具醫藥活性之物質包括^^(, 1 早化t ft。本發明之1藥組成物可·已知製藥方法i - i 衣造1該製法主要係將各成分與藥理上可接受之载劑 及/或賦形劑混合。 本發明之醫藥組成物乃適用於經口、直腸、局部、口 =圍(例如舌下)及非經腸(例如皮下、肌内、皮膚内或靜脈 才又舁者,惟最適當之投與方式於各個情況下,取決於欲 治^症狀之性質與嚴重性及於各情形下所用& j化合物之 性質。塗層調配劑與塗層缓釋型調配劑亦隸屬本發明架構 之較佳者為耐酸及耐胃液調配劑。適當之耐胃液塗層 包含纖維素乙酸酞酸酯、聚乙烯乙酸酞酸酯、羥丙基甲^ 2。=維素駄_旨及甲基丙稀酸與甲基丙稀酸甲§|之陰離子ς 水〇物〇 _供經口投與之適當醫藥製财呈分隔單位形式,例如 胗暴、扁囊劑、可吸吮錠劑或錠劑,其各含特定量之式工 化合物;呈粉劑或粒劑;呈於水性或非水性液體中之溶液 36 200843749 或懸浮液;或呈水包 組成物可利用任何適型乳液。如前述,彼等 (可由一或多種_ Λ 包括使活性成分與载劑 常,製備組成物 =二,之步驟’_^ 割之固體_混合均自H齡舰縣細或微細分 因此,舉例而言,可如果需要,則使產物成形。 適當時則系&南或杈製化合物粉末或顆粒, 製備可於適當機加成分以製造鍵劑道缩鍵劑之 之化合物,適ΐ;=;自由流動形式(一 種(或多種)界面活性丨滑移劑、惰性稀釋劑及/或一 之製備可於、裔杏她π刀放劑混合,予以製錠。模製錠劑 粉狀之化合”製經惰性液體稀釋劑潤濕之呈 15 20 人物盘1周圍(舌下)投與之w藥組成物包括含有式1化 i及;;用嚴糖與阿拉伯膠或黃音膠之可吸蚊 含化合物I料 日轉及甘油或絲與阿拉伯膠)中包 適用於非經腸投與之醫藥組成物較佳為包括含式j化 合物之^水性製劑,其較佳為與意指接受者的血液等 張彼專J劑較佳為經靜脈内投與,惟亦可利用皮下、肌 内或皮膚内注射投與。彼等製劑較佳為藉由混合化合物與 水’並使所得溶液成為無菌且與血液等張予以製造。本發 明之注射用組成物通常含有〇·1至5重量〇/❶活性化合物。 適用於直腸投與之醫藥組成物較佳為呈單一劑量栓劑 型;其可藉由混合式I化合物與一或多種習知固體載劑(例 37 200843749 如可可脂),並使所得混合物成形予以製備。 適用於皮膚局部用途之醫藥組成物較佳為呈軟膏、霜 劑、洗液、糊劑、喷霧劑、氣溶膠或油等形式。可用之载 站包括凡士林、羊毛脂、聚乙二醇類、醇類及二或多種彼 等物質之組合物。活性成分通常以組成物之〇1至15重量 % ’例如0·5至2重量%之濃度存在。 亦可經皮投與;適用於經皮用途之醫藥組成物可呈適 於與病患表皮長期密切接觸之單藥形式。該等膏藥適 當地含有於適當時料缓衝之水性溶液巾、轉及/或分散 於黏合劑μ分散於聚合物巾之活性成分。適#之活 分濃度為約1%至35%,較佳為約3%至15%。釋放活 分之特定可行性係利用電子傳遞或離子導入法,例如,見 述於 Pharmaceutical Research,2(6)·· 318 (1986)者。 15 式!化合物之特徵在於對代謝性疾病具有有利之效 力。彼等有利地影響脂質與糖代謝’特财降低三酸甘、、由 酿含量及適用於冊及治療Π型糖尿病與動 並 各種後遺症。 與其他醫藥品之組合 本發明化合物可單獨投與或與—或多種進一步之藥理 =性物質組合投與。特別是,本發明化合物可與具有=似 藥理作用之活性成分組合投與。例如,彼等可*對代謝性 障礙或常與其相關連的疾病具有有利效力之 投與。此等醫藥品之實例為 $口 38 20 200843749 •降低血糖之醫藥品、抗糖尿病醫藥劑、 2·治療血脂異常之活性成分、 3· 抗動脈硬化之醫藥品、 4· 抗肥胖劑、 5·抗炎活性成分、 6·治療惡性腫瘤之活性成分、 7· 抗血栓之活性成分、 8.治療高血壓之活性成分、 10 15 9·治療心臟衰竭之活性成分及 1〇' U·治療神經退化性疾病之活性成分、 12. 治療中樞神經系統失調症之活性成分、 13. 治療藥物、菸鹼及酒精成癮之活性成分、 14·止痛劑。 進作發明之式1化合物組合,特別是用於協同增 進作用。活性成分組合物可藉分別投與 呈數個活性成分存在-醫㈣射之組合產^形式投盘刀。或 適用於組合產物之進一步活性成分為:/工又一。 於Rota Liste 2005第Π章中诚另々^ 劑;於Rota Llste 2005第i章中述古有抗糖尿病醫藥 制劑;於一 第58章中及述之及^ =可與本發明式丨化合物組合料是供協同‘^齊ζ 性成为組合物可藉由分別投與病患諸活性成分,乍t用。活 39 王^組合 20 200843749 製劑形式(其中有多種活性成分存在醫藥調配物中)而投 與。下文述及之多數活性成分揭示於USP Dictionary of USAN and International Drug Names,US Pharmacopeia,
Rockville 2001 中。 5 抗糖尿病醫藥劑包含胰島素與胰島素衍生物,例如
Lantus® (參閱 www.lantus.com)或 HMR 1964 或 Levemir® β (地特胰島素(insulin detemir))或 W02005005477 (Novo
Nordisk)中敘述者、速效型胰島素(參閱US 6 221 633)、吸 入型胰島素例如Exubera®或口服胰島素例如IN-105 (Nobex) 10 或 〇ral-lynTM (Generex Biotechnology)、GLP,1 衍生物與 GLP-1促效劑例如依森泰德(exenatide)、里拉泰德 (liraglutide)或已揭示於 Novo Nordisk A/S 之 WO98/08871、 W02005027978、W02006037811 或 W02006037810、於 Zealand 之 W001/04156 或於 Beaufour-Ipsen 之 WOOO/34331 15 中者、乙酸普蘭林(Pramlintide acetate)(Symlin ·,Amylin
Pharmaceuticals)、BIM-51077、PC_DAC-依森錠(exendin)_4 (共價結合於重組人類白蛋白之依森錠_4類似物)、見述於例 如 D. Chen et al·,Proc· Natl· Acad· Sci· USA 104 (2007) 943 中之促效劑、WO 2006124529中敘述者、及口服有效之降 20 血糖活性成分。 抗糖尿病醫藥劑亦包含葡萄糖依賴性促胰島素多肽 (GIP)文體之促效劑,如見述於例如w〇2⑻612丨86〇中者。 口服有效之降血糖活性成分較佳為包含: 磺醯脲類、 40 200843749 雙縮胍啶類、 美格替耐類(meglitinides)、 口号二唾啶二酮類、 噻唑啶二_類、 5 葡萄糖苷酶抑制劑、 肝糖磷解酶之抑制劑、 胰高血糖激素拮抗劑、 葡萄糖激酶活化劑、 果糖-1,6-二碟酸酶之抑制劑 10 葡萄糖轉運子4 (GLUT4)之調節劑、 麵胺醯胺-果糖-6_磷酸醯胺轉移酶(GFAT)之抑制劑、 GLP-1促效劑、 钟通道開啓劑例如u比那地爾(pinacidil)、色滿卡林 (cromakalim)、重氮氧化物或見述於R· d. Carr et al·, 15 Diabetes 52, 2513.2518 中、於 J· Β· Hansen et al·,
Current Medicinal Chemistry 11,2㈨(1595-1615 中、於 Τ· M·
Tagmose et al·,J· Med· Chem· 47, 2⑽羌 3202-3211 中或於 Μ· J. Coghlan et al·,J· Med· Chem· 44, 1627-1653 中 者、或已揭示於 Novo Nordisk A/S 之 WO 97/26265 與 WO 2〇 99/03861 中者、 ^一狀基狀陶:IV (DPP_IV)之抑制劑、 胰島素致敏劑、 涉及刺激糖生成及/或肝糖分解的肝臟酵素之抑制劑、 葡萄糖攝取、葡萄糖運輸與葡萄糖再吸收之調節劑、 41 200843749 ΙΙβ-HSDl 之抑f|j#j、 蛋白”酸酶1Β (ρτρΐΒ)之抑制劑、 鈉依賴性《萄糠轉運子丨或2(Sglt 改變脂質代謝之化人物 T2)之调郎劑、 5 10 15 性成分、 口 1几阿脂活性成分與抗血脂活 減少食物攝取之化合物、 增加生熱之化合物、 PPAR與RXR調節劑及 作用於β細胞ATp依賴性_通道之活性成分。 於本毛明之—具體實例中,式Ϊ化合物係與HMG-CoA 還原酶抑制劑,例如辛伐他汀(simvastatin)、福路伐他汀 (fluvastatin)、晋拉伐他汀咖心狀加叫、洛伐他汀 (lovastatin)、阿托伐他、汀(at〇rvastatin)、西利伐他汀 (cerivastatin)、羅素伐他灯(r〇suvastatin)4 L 659699 組合投 與。 於本發明之一具體實例中,式Ϊ化合物係與膽固醇吸 收抑制劑(例如伊增替邁(ezetimibe)、替奎安(tiqueside)、帕 馬苷(pamaqueside)、FM-VP4 (二氫穀甾醇/菜油固醇磷酸抗 壞血酸酯;Forbes Medi-Tech,W02005042692、 2〇 W02005005453)、MD-0727 (Microbia Inc·,W02005021497、 W02005021495))或與 W02002066464、W02005000353 (Kotobuki Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd·)、或 W02005044256 或 W02005062824 (Merck & Co·)或 W02005061451 與 W02005061452 (AstraZeneca AB)及 W02006017257 42 200843749 (Phenomix)或 W02005033100 (Lipideon Biotechnology AG) 中敘述或如 W02004097655 、W02004000805 、 W02004000804、W02004000803、W02002050068、 5 10 15 W02002050060 - W02005047248 > W02006086562 > W02006102674、W02006116499、W02006121861、 WO2006122186 ^ WO2006122216 > WO2006127893 > WO2006137794、WO2006137796、WO2006137782、 WO2006137793、WO2006137797、WO2006137795、 W02006137792、W02006138163中敘述之化合物組合投與。 於本發明之一具體實例中,式I化合物係和Vytorin™ (伊增替邁與辛伐他汀之固定組合物)組合投與。 於本發明之一具體實例中,式I化合物係和伊增替邁 與阿托伐他汀之固定組合物組合投與。 於本發明之一具體實例中,式I化合物係和伊增替邁 與飛諾纖維酸酯(fenofibrate)之固定組合物組合投與。 於本發明之進一步具體實例中’式I化合物係和飛諾 纖維酸酯與羅素伐他汀之固定組合物組合投與。 於本發明之一具體實例中’ 化合物係和Syn〇rdia⑧ (飛諾纖維酸酯與滅糖錠(metformin)之固定組合物)組人於 與0 於本發明之一具體實例中’式I化合物係和 ISIS-301012 種能調控去脂脂蛋白B基因之反義寬核皆 酸)組合投與。 … 於本發明之一具體實例中’式I化合物係和 43 20 200843749 效劑,例如羅格列酮(rosiglitazone)、吡格列酮 (pioglitazone)、JTT-5(H、G1 262570、R_483 或 CS-011(利格 列酮(rivoglitazone))組合投與。 於本發明之一具體實例中,式I化合物係和 5 Competact™ (鹽酸吼格列酮與鹽酸滅糖錠之固定組合物)組 合投與。 於本發明之一具體實例中,式I化合物係和 Tandemact™ (吡格列酮與亞曼瑞(glimeprid)之固定組合物) 組合投與。 10 於本發明之進一步具體實例中,式I化合物係和鹽酸 吡格列酮與血管收縮素II促效劑(例如TAK-536)之固定組 合物組合投與。 於本發明之一具體實例中’式I化合物係和ppARa促 效劑,例如 GW9578、GW-590735、K-lll、LY_674、 15 KRP-101、DRF-10945、LY-518674 或於 W02001040207、 W02002096894、W02005097076 中敘述者組合投與。 於本發明之一具體實例中,式I化合物係和混合之
PPARa/γ 促效劑,例如那韋他嗤(navegHtazar)、LY-510929、 ONO-5129、E-3030、AVE 8042、AVE 8134、AVE 0847、 20 CKD-5〇1 (硫酸洛貝格列酮(lobeglitazone))或如 WO 00/64888、W0 00/64876、W003/020269 中或 J.p. Berger et al·,TRENDS in Pharmacological Sciences 28(5),244-251, 2005中敘述者組合投與。 於本發明之一具體實例中,式I化合物係與ΡΡΑΙΙδ促 44 200843749 效劑,例如 GW-501516、或如 W02006059744、 W02006084176 、W02006029699 、W02007039172- W02007039178中敘述者組合投與。 於一具體貫例中’式I化合物係與美他達森 5 (metaglidasen)或與MBX-2044或其他部分ρρΑΙΙγ促效劑/ 拮抗劑組合投與。 於本發明之一具體實例中,式I化合物係與纖維酸酯, 例如飛諾纖維酸酯、克洛纖維酸酯(clofibrate)或倍紮纖維酸 酯(bezafibrate)組合投與。 10 於本發明之一具體實例中,式I化合物係與MTP抑制 劑,例如英利塔派(implitapide)、BMS-201038、R-103757、 AS-1552133 或如 W02005085226、W02005121091、 W02006010423中敘述者組合投與。 於本發明之一具體實例中,式I化合物係與CETP抑制 15 劑,例如托塞措匹(torcetrapib)或 JTT-705 或如 W02006002342、W02006010422、W02006012093、 W02006073973、W02006072362、W02006097169、 W02007041494中敘述者組合投與。 於本發明之一具體實例中,式I化合物係與膽汁酸吸 20’ 收抑制劑(參閱,例如,US 6,245,744、US 6,221,897 或 WOOO/61568),例如 HMR 1741、或如 DE 10 2005 033099.1 與 DE 10 2005 033100.9、W02007009655_56 中敘述者組合 投與。 於本發明之一具體實例中,式I化合物係與聚合膽汁 45 200843749 酸吸附劑’例如消膽胺(cholestyramine)或考來索安 (colesevelam)組合投與。 於本發明之-具體實财,<!化合物係與ldl受體 誘導齊彳(參閱 US 6,342,512) ’ 例如 JJMR1171、、 或如W02005097738中敘述者組合投與。 於本發明之一具體實例中,式〗化合物係與abcai表 現促進劑(例如於W02006072393中敘述者)組合投與。 於本發明之進-步具體實例中,式!化合^系與對抗 PCSK9 (蛋白質前體轉化酶枯草桿菌蛋白酶/克 型)之RNAi治療劑組合投與。 於-具體實例中,式I化合物係與0mac〇r⑧(ω_3脂肪 酸;廿碳五烯酸與廿二碳六雜經高度_之乙賴 投與。 上於本發明之一具體實例中,式〗化合物係與ACAT抑 制劑,例如阿瓦邁(avasimibe)或SMP_797組合投與。 於本發明之-具體實例中,式Ϊ化合物係與 ^氧化劑, 例如OPC-14117、丙丁紛、生育盼、抗壞血酸、蘿萄素 或石西組合投與。 ’、 於本發明之—具體實例中,式〗化合物係與維生素, 例如維生素B6或維生素B12組合投與。 狀,於ί發明之—具體實例中,< 1化合物係與脂蛋白月旨 _调節劑’例如伊布洛平(ibn)lipim)(N(M886)組合投與。 於本發明之—具體實射,< 1化合物係與ATP檸檬 酉文裂解酶抑制劑,例如SB-204990組合投與。 46 200843749 於本發明之一具體實例中,式I化合物係與角麗稀合 成酶抑制劑,例如 BMS-188494、TAK_475 或如 W02005077907、JP2007022943 中敘述者組合投與。 於本發明之一具體實例中,式I化合物係與脂蛋白(a) 5 拮抗劑,例如吉卡本(gemcabene)(CI_1027)組合投與。 於本發明之一具體實例中,式I化合物係與GPR109A 之促效劑(HM74A受體促效劑;NAR促效劑(菸鹼酸受體促 效劑)),例如於驗酸或缓釋型尼克酸結合MK-0524A或如 W02006045565 > W02006045564 ^ W02006069242 -ίο W02006124490、W02006113150、W02007017261、 W02007017262、W02007017265、W02007015744、 W02007027532中敘述之彼等化合物組合投與。 於本發明之另一具體實例中,式I化合物係與GPR116 之促效劑,例如,W02006067531、W02006067532中敘述 15 者組合投與。 於本發明之一具體實例中,式I化合物係與脂肪酶抑 制劑,例如使你酷(orlistat)或西替利達(cetiHstat)(ATL_962) 組合投與。 於本發明之一具體實例中,式I化合物係與胰島素組 20 合投與。 於一具體實例中,式I化合物係與磺醯脲,例如曱苯 磺丁脲、優降糖、泌樂得(glipizide)、甲磺雙環脲或亞曼瑞 組合投與。 於一具體實例中,式I化合物係與促進胰島素分泌之 47 200843749 物質,例如 KCP-265 (W02003097064)或如 W02007026761 中敘述者組合投與。 於一具體實例中,式I化合物係與葡萄糖依賴性促胰 島素受體(GDIR)之促效劑,例如APD-668組合投與。 於一具體實例中,式I化合物係與雙縮胍,例如滅糖 錠組合投與。 於又另一具體實例中,式I化合物係與美格替耐,例 如瑞格列财(repaglinide)、那格列耐(nateglinide)或米格列耐 (mitiglinide)組合投與。 於進一步具體實例中,式I化合物係和米格列耐與格 列酮類(例如鹽酸吼格列酮)之組合物一起投與。 於進一步具體實例中,式I化合物係和米格列耐與α_ 匍萄糖皆S#抑制劑之組合物一起投與。 於一具體實例中,式Ϊ化合物係與噻唑啶二酮,例如 曲格列酮(tr〇glitazone)、環格列酮(ciglitaz〇ne)、吡格列酮、 羅格列酮或揭示於Dr. Reddy,s Re_eh F_datiQn之 97/41097中之化合物(特別是5_[[4_[(3,4_二氮_3甲基冰酉同 基_2_嘻唑啉基曱氧基]笨基]曱基]_2>塞唑啶二酮)組合投 與。 於一具體貫例中,式1化合物係與α-葡萄糖苦酶抑制 劑’例如米格利妥(miglit〇1)或阿卡波糖雜合投與。 於一具體實例中,式1化合物係與作用於β細胞ATP 依,!·生鉀,之活性成分,例如甲苯續丁脲、優降糖、泌 Ικ付、亞哭ί而或瑞格列耐組合投與。 48 200843749 於一具體實例中’式i化合物係與一種以上前述化合 物組合投與,例如和磺醯脲與滅糖錠、磺醯脲與阿卡波糖、 瑞格列耐與滅糖錠、胰島素與磺醯脲、胰島素與滅糖錠、 胰島素與曲格列酮、胰島素與洛伐他汀等組合投與。 5 於一具體實例中,式1化合物係與肝糖磷解酶抑制劑, 例如,PSN-357 或 FR-258900 或如 w〇2〇〇3〇84922、 W02004007455、W02005073229-31 或 WO2005067932 中 敘述者組合投與。 於一具體貫例中,式I化合物係與胰高血糖激素受體 ίο 拮抗劑’例如 A-770077、NNC-25-2504 或如 W02004100875 或W02005065680中敘述者組合投與。 於一具體貫例中,式I化合物係與葡萄糖激酶之活化 劑,例如 LY-2121260 (W02004063179)、PSN-105、 PSN-110、GKA-50 或如例如 W02004072031 、 15 W02004072066 ^ W02005080360 > W02005044801 W02006016194 ^ W02006058923 > W02006112549 WO2006125972、W02007017549、W02007017649、 W02007007910、W02007007040-42、W02007006760-61、 W02007006814、W02007007886、W02007028135、 2〇 W02007031739、W02007041365、W02007041366、 W02007037534、W02007043638、W02007053345、 W02007051846、W02007051845、W02007053765、 W02007051847中敘述者組合投與。 於一具體實例中,式I化合物係與糖生成作用之抑制 49 200843749 劑,例如FR-225654組合投與。 於一具體實例中,式I化合物係與果糖-1,6-二磷酸酶 (FBPase)之抑制劑,例如 cS-917(MB-〇6322)或 MB07803 或 如 W02006023515、W02006104030、W02007014619 中敘 述者組合投與。 於一具體實例中,式I化合物係與葡萄糖轉運子4 10 15 (GLUT4)之調節劑 qwwKST-48(D.-〇.Leeetal·: Arzneim.-Forsch· Drug Res· 54 (12),835 (2004))組合投與 〇 於一具體實例中,式I化合物係與麩胺醯胺-果糖-6-磷 酸醯胺轉移酶(GFAT)之抑制劑,例如W02004101528中敘 述者組合投與。 於一具體實例中,式I化合物係與二肽基肽酶IV (DPP-IV)抑制劑,例如維格列汀(vildagliptin)(LAF-237)、西 他列、;丁(sitagliptin)(MK-0431)、石粦酸西他列、;丁、沙格列汀 (saxagliptin)(BMS-477118)、GSK-823093、PSN-9301、 SYR-322、SYR-619、TA-6666、TS-021、GRC-8200、 GW-825964X、KRP-104、DP-893、ABT-341、ABT-279、 或其另外之鹽或如 W02003074500、W02003106456、 W02004037169 W02005012312 W02006058064 W02006015699 W02006099943 W02006071752 、W0200450658、 > W02005/012308 > 、W02006015691 、 、W02006015700、 、W02006099941, 、W02006065826 、 W02005058901 、 W02006039325、 W02006015701 、 W02006018117、 JP2006160733 、 W02006078676 > 50 20 .200843749 W02006073167、W02006068163、W02006090915、 W02006104356、W02006127530、W02006111261、 W02007015767、W02007024993、W02007029086 中敘述 之彼等化合物組合投與。 於一具體貫例中’式I化合物係和Janumet™ (填酸西 他列、汀與鹽酸滅糖錠之固定組合物)組合投與。 於一具體實例中,式I化合物係與ll-β-羥基類固醇脫 氫酶1 (Πβ-HSDl)之抑制劑,例如BVT-2733、 JNJ-25918646、INCB-13739 或例如 W0200190090-94、 10 15 WO200343999 、 W0200344009 、 W02004103980 > W02003104207、 W02004011410 、 W02004037251、 W02004065351、 W02004089470-71 W02005097759、 W02006012173 、 W02006040329、 W02006049952 、 W02006024627、 W02006074244 > WO2006132436 、 W02004112782 、 W02004112779 > W02004112784 > W02003104208 > W02004033427、 W02004056744、 W02004089367、 、W02004089896、 W02006010546、 W02006017542 、 W02006051662、 W02006048331 、 W02006040329、 W02006078006 > WO2006134481、 W0200344000 、 W02004113310 、 W02003065983、 W02004106294、 W02004041264 > W02004058730、 W02004089380、 W02005016877、 W02006012227 、 W02006034804、 W02006048750、 W02006050908、 W02006066109 、 W02006106423、 WO2006134467、 51 20 200843749 、WO2006138695、 、W02007007688 、 、W02007051811、 W02006135795 > W02006136502 W02006133926 ^ W02007003521 US2007066584 > W02007047625 W02007051810中敘述者組合投與。 於一具體實例中,式I化合物係與例如 W0200119830-31、W0200117516、W02004506446、 W02005012295、W02005116003、W02005116003、 W02006007959、DE 10 2004 060542.4、W02007009911、 10 15 W02007028145、W02007081755中敘述之蛋白質-酪胺酸磷 酸酶IB (PTP1B)之抑制劑組合投與。 於一具體實例中,式I化合物係與鈉依賴性葡萄糖轉 運子1或2 (SGLT1、SGLT2)之調節劑,例如KGA-2727、 T-1095、SGL-OOIO、AVE 2268、SAR 7226 與舍格列淨 (sergliflozin)或例如 W02004007517、W0200452903、 W0200452902 > PCT/EP2005/005959 > W02005085237 ^ JP2004359630、W02005121161 、W02006018150、 W02006035796 > W02006062224 > W02006058597 > W02006073197、W02006080577、W02006087997、 W02006108842、W02007000445、W02007014895、 W02007080170 中或 A· L· Handlon 於 Expert Opin· Ther· Patents (2005) 15(11),1531_1540 中敘述者組合投與。 於一具體實例中,式I化合物係與例如 W02007013689、W02007033002 中敘述之 GPR40 之調節劑 組合投與。 52 20 200843749 於具體貝例中,式i化合物係與例如w〇2〇〇4〇4i274 中敘述之GPRl 19b之調節劑組合投與。 於具體κ例中,式I化合物係與例如w〇2〇〇5〇61489 (PSN_632408)、W02004065380、w〇2〇〇7〇〇396〇 62 及 5 W〇2〇〇7〇〇3%4中敘述之GPR119之調節劑組合投與。 於進一步具體貫例中,式I化合物係與GPR12〇之調節 劑組合投與。 於一具體實例中,式Ϊ化合物係與例如 W02005073199、W02006074957、W02006087309、 10 W〇2〇〇6111321、WO2007042178中敘述之激素敏感性脂肪 酶(HSL)及/或磷脂酶之抑制劑組合投與。 於一具體實例中,式I化合物係與乙醯基_c〇A羧化酶 (ACC)之抑制劑,例如 W0199946262、WO200372197、 W02003072197、W02005044814、W02005108370、 15 JP2006131559 ^ W02007011809 > W02007011811 W02007013691中敘述者組合投與。 於進一步具體實例中,式I化合物係與黃嘌呤氧化還 原酶(XOR)之調節劑組合投與。 於一具體實例中,式I化合物係與鱗酸烯醇丙酮酸羧 2〇 激酶(PEPCK)之抑制劑,例如W02004074288中敘述者組合 投與。 於一具體實例中,式I化合物係與例如 US2005222220、W02005085230、W02005111018、 W02003078403、W02004022544、W02003106410、 53 200843749 W02005058908、US2005038023、W02005009997、 US2005026984、W02005000836、W02004106343、 EP1460075、W02004014910 λ W02003076442 > W02005087727或W02004046117中敘述之肝糖合成酶激 5 酶3β (GSK-3P)之抑制劑組合投與。 於一具體貝例中,式I化合物係與例如WQ2006072354 中敘述之血清/糖皮質激素調控激酶(s GK)之抑制劑組合投 與。 於一具體貝例中,式I化合物係與例如W〇2〇〇7〇35355 ίο 中敘述之RUP3受體之促效劑組合投與。 於一具體貝例中,式I化合物係與蛋白激酶C β (ρκ〇 β) 之抑制劑,例如魯伯斯塔(ruboxistaurin)組合投與。 於另一具體貫例中,式I化合物係與編碼毛細管擴張 失調症變異(ATM)蛋白激酶的基因之活化劑,例如氯奎,組 15 合投與。 於一具體貫例中,式I化合物係與内皮素A受體拮抗 劑,例如阿佛生坦(avosentan)(SPP-30i)組合投與。 於一具體實例中,式I化合物係與例如 W02001000610、W02001030774、W02004022553、 20 W02005097129中敘述之Γι_κΒ激酶」之抑制劑(Ικκ抑制 劑)組合投與。 於一具體男、例中,式I化合物係與例如 W02005090336、W02006071609、W〇2006135826 中敘述 之糖皮質激素受體(GR)之調節劑組合投與。 ^ 54 200843749 於進一步具體實例中,式i化合物係與下述製劑組合 投與·· CART 調節劑(參閱 “Cocaine-amphetamine-regulated transcript influences energy metabolism^ anxiety and gastric emptying in mice” Asakawa,A,et al·: Hormone and Metabolic Research (2001),33(9),554-558); NPY拮抗劑,例如萘小續酸{4-[(4_胺基喹唑琳_2_基胺 基)甲基]環己基甲基}醯胺鹽酸鹽(CGP 71683A); NPY-5受體拮抗劑例如L-152804、或例如 W02006001318 中敘述者; 10 NPY-4受體拮抗劑,例如W02007038942中敘述者; NPY-2受體拮抗劑,例如W02007038943中敘述者; 胜肽YY3-36 (PYY3-36)或類似化合物,例如CJC-1682 (經由Cys34與人類血清白蛋白接合之PYY3-36)、CJCM643 (PYY3-36之衍生物,於活體内接合於血清白蛋白)或如 is W02005080424、W02006095166 中敘述者; 如W02006096847敘述之胜肽肥胖抑制素之衍生物; CB1R (大麻驗受體1)拮抗劑(例如利莫納班 (rimonabant)、SR147778、SLV-319、AVE-1625、MK-0364 或其鹽或敘述於例如EP 0656354、WO00/15609、 2〇 WO2001/64632-64634、WO 02/076949、W02005080345、 W02005080328、W02005080343、W02005075450、 W02005080357、W0200170700、W02003026647-48、 W0200302776、W02003040107、W02003007887、 W02003027069 、 US6,509,367 、 WO200132663 、 55 200843749 W02003086288、W02003087037、W02004048317、 W02004058145、W02003084930、W02003084943、 W02004058744、W02004013120、W02004029204、 W02004035566 ^ W02004058249 > W02004058255 > 5 W02004058727、W02004069838、US20040214837、 US20040214855、US20040214856、W02004096209、 W02004096763、W02004096794、W02005000809、 W02004099157、US20040266845、W02004110453、 W02004108728、W02004000817、W02005000820、 ίο US20050009870、W0200500974、W02004111033-34、 W0200411038-39、W02005016286、W02005007111、 W02005007628、US20050054679、W02005027837、 W02005028456、W02005063761-62、W02005061509、 W02005077897、W02006047516、W02006060461、 is W02006067428、W02006067443、W02006087480、 W02006087476、W02006100208、W02006106054、 W02006111849、W02006113704、W02007009705、 W02007017124 > W02007017126 > W02007018459 > W02007016460、W02007020502、W02007026215、 2〇 W02007028849、W02007031720、W02007031721、 W02007036945、W02007038045、W02007039740、 US20070015810、W02007046548、W02007047737、 W02007084319、W02007084450 中之彼等化合物); 大麻鹼受體1/大麻鹼受體2(CB1/CB2)調節化合物,如 56 200843749 W02007001939、W02007044215、W02007047737 中敘述 者; MC4促效劑(例如1-胺基-1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2-甲酸[2-(3a-苄基-2-曱基-3-酮基-2,3,3&,4,6,7-六氫咐唑并[4,3-(:]吼啶-5-5 基)-1-(4-氯苯基)-2-酮乙基]醯胺(WO 01/91752))或 LB53280、LB53279、LB53278 或 THIQ、MB243、RY764、 CHIR-785、PT-141 或 W02005060985、W02005009950、 W02004087159、W02004078717、W02004078716、 W02004024720、US20050124652、W02005051391、 ίο W02004112793 > WOUS20050222014 > US20050176728 > US20050164914 、 US20050124636 、 US20050130988 、 US20040167201 > W02004005324 ^ W02004037797 > W02005042516、W02005040109、W02005030797、 US20040224901 、W0200501921 、W0200509184 、 is W02005000339 、 EP1460069 、 W02005047253 、 W02005047251 、 W02005118573 、 EP1538159 、 W02004072076、W02004072077、W02006021655-57、 W02007009894、W02007015162、W02007041061、 W02007041052 中敘述者; 2〇 進食素(orexin)受體拮抗劑(例如1-(2-曱基苯并口号唑- 6- 基)-3-[1,5]喑啶-4-基脲鹽酸鹽(SB-334867-A)或例如 W0200196302 、WO200185693 、W02004085403 、 W02005075458 或 W02006067224 中敘述者); 組織胺H3受體促效劑(例如3-環己基-1-(4,4_二曱基 57 200843749 -1,4,6,7-四氫咪嗤并[4,5_c]。比口定_5_基)丙-1-酮草酸鹽(WO 00/63208)或如 W0200064884 、W02005082893 、 W02006107661、W02007003804、W02007016496、 W02007020213 中敘述者); 5 組織胺H1/組織胺H3調節劑,例如貝他司汀 (betahistine)或其二鹽酸鹽; CRF拮抗劑(例如[2-甲基-9_(2,4,6-三曱基苯 基)-9Η-1,3,9-三氮雜苐-4-基]二丙胺(WO 00/66585)); CRF BP拮抗劑(例如尿皮質素); ίο 尿皮質素促效劑; β-3腎上腺素受體之促效劑,例如1-(4-氣-3-甲磺醯基 曱基苯基)-2-[2-(2,3-二曱基-1H-吲哚-6-基氧基)乙胺基]乙 醇鹽酸鹽(WO 01/83451);或索拉貝隆(Solabegron) (GW-427353)或 N-5984 (KRP-204)或 JP2006111553、 is W02002038543、W02007048840-843 中敘述者; MSH (促黑激素)促效劑; MCH (黑色素濃縮激素)受體拮抗劑(例如NBI-845、 A-761、A-665798、A-798、ATC-0175、T-226296、T-71、 GW-803430 或如 W02005085200、W02005019240、 2〇 W02004011438、W02004012648、W02003015769、 W02004072025 ^ W02005070898 - W02005070925 > W02004039780、W02004092181、W02003033476、 W02002006245 > W02002089729 ^ W02002002744 ^ W02003004027 、FR2868780 、W02006010446 、 58 200843749 W02006038680、W02006044293、W02006044174、 JP2006176443、W02006018280、W02006018279、 W02006118320、W02006130075、W02007018248、 5 10 15 W02007012661、W02007029847、W02007024004、 W02007039462、W02007042660、W02007042668、 W02007042669、US2007093508、US2007093509、 W02007048802、JP2007091649 中敘述之化合物); CCK-A促效劑(例如{2-[4_(4-氣-2,5_二曱氧苯基)-5-(2-環己基乙基)噻唑-2-基胺甲醯基]-5,7-二曱基吲哚-l-基}乙 酸三氟乙酸鹽(WO 99/15525)或 SR-146131 (WO 0244150)或 SSR-125180)或如 W02005116034 中敘述者); 血清素再攝取抑制劑(例如右旋芬氟拉明); 混合之血清素/多巴胺再攝取抑制劑(例如丁胺苯丙酮) 或丁胺苯丙酮與那曲酮(naltrexone)之固定組合物; 混合之血清素能與去曱腎上腺素能化合物(例如w〇 00/71549); 5-HT受體促效齊!,例如1-(3_乙基苯并咬喃冬基)旅口井 草酸鹽(WO 01/09111); 混合之多巴胺/去曱腎上腺素/乙醯膽鹼再攝取抑制劑 (例如特索芬辛(tesofensine)); 5-HT2C文體促效劑(例如鹽酸洛卡西林 (lorcaserinXAPDWQ、BVT-933 或如 w〇2〇〇〇77〇1〇、 W020077001-02 > W02005019180 , W〇2〇〇3〇64423 ^ W0200242304 ^ W02005035533 , W〇2〇〇5〇82859 . 59 20 200843749 W02006077025、W02006103511 中敘述者); 5-HT6受體拮抗劑例如E_6837或BVT-74316或如 W02005058858、W02007054257 中敘述者; 鈴蟾素受體促效劑(BRS-3促效劑); 5 加蘭素(galanin)受體拮抗劑; 生長激素(例如人類生長激素或AOD-9604); 釋放生長激素的化合物(6-苄氧基-1-(2-二異丙基胺乙 基胺甲醯基)-3,4-二氫-1H-異喹啉-2-甲酸第三丁酯(WO 01/85695)); 10 生長激素促泌素受體拮抗劑(葛瑞林(ghrelin)拮抗劑), 例如,A-778193或如W02005030734中敘述者; TRH促效劑(參閱,例如,EP 0 462 884); 解偶聯蛋白2或3調節劑; 纖痩素(leptin)促效劑(參閱,例如,Lee, Daniel W·; 15 Leinung,Matthew C·; Rozhavskaya-Arena,Marina; Grasso,
Patricia. Leptin agonists as a potential approach to the treatment of obesity. Drugs of the Future (2001),26(9), 873-881); DA促效劑(漠麥角環肽、多普瑞辛(Doprexin)); 2〇 脂肪酶/澱粉酶抑制劑(例如WO 00/40569); 二醯基甘油Ο-醮基轉移酶(DGATs)之抑制劑,例如 BAY-74-4113 或例如 US2004/0224997、W02004094618、 W0200058491 > W02005044250 > W02005072740 > JP2005206492、W02005013907、W02006004200、 60 200843749 W02006019020、W02006064189、W02006082952、 W02006120125、W02006113919、WO2006134317、 W02007016538 中敘述者; 脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)抑制劑,例如,C75或如 5 W02004005277 中敘述者; 硬脂醯基-CoA δ9去飽和酶(SCD1)之抑制劑,例如 W02007009236、W02007044085、W02007046867、 W02007046868、W020070501124 中敘述者; 調酸素(oxyntomodulin); 10 油酸基-雌甾酮; 或曱狀腺激素受體促效劑或部分促效劑,例如: KB-2115 或如 WO20058279 、 WO200172692 、 WO200194293、W02003084915、W02004018421 、 W02005092316、W02007003419、W02007009913、 15 W02007039125中敘述者組合使用。 於一具體實例中,進一步之活性成分為酒石酸瓦倫尼 克林(varenicline),其係α 4-β 2於驗乙酸膽驗受體之部分促 效劑。 於一具體實例中,進一步之活性成分為措杜奎明 2〇 (trodusquemine) 〇 於一具體實例中,進一步之活性成分為酵素SIRT1之 調節劑。 於本發明之一具體實例中,進一步之活性成分為纖痩 素;參閱,例如,“Perspectives in the therapeutic use of leptin’’, 61 200843749
Salvador,Javier; Gomez-Ambrosi, Javier; Fruhbeck, Gema Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy (2001), 2(10) 1615-1622 。 於一具體實例中,進一步之活性成分為右旋安非他命 5 或安非他命。 於一具體實例中,進一步之活性成分為芬氟拉明 (fenfluramine)或右旋芬氟拉明。 於另一具體實例中,進一步之活性成分為諾美婷 (sibutramine) 〇 10 於一具體實例中,進一步之活性成分為氯苯咪吲哚或 芬他命(phentermine) 〇 於一具體實例中,式I化合物係與疏鬆劑,較佳為不 溶性疏鬆劑(參閱,例如,Carob/ Caromax® (Zunft H J; et al., Carob pulp preparation for treatment of hypercholesterolemia, i5 ADVANCES IN THERAPY (2001 Sep-〇ct),18(5),230-6);
Caromax為含長角豆產品’得自Nutrinova,Nutrition Specialties & Food Ingredients GmbH, Industriepark Hochst, 65926 Frankfurt/Main)組合投與。與Caromax®之組合物可 存在一製劑中’或將式I化合物與Caromax®分開投與。 20 Caromax⑧亦可呈食物形式(例如,於烘焙產品或美滋糲 (muesli)棒中)投與。 業界將瞭解’本發明化合物與一或多種前述化合物及 視需要之一或多種進一步藥理活性物質之每一適當組合物 被視為隸屬本發明賦與保護之範圍内。 62 200843749
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BVT^74316 ABT-341 69 200843749
xH^ CKI>501(硫酸洛貝格列酮) 70 200843749
AVE 1625 【實施方式】 化合物之活性可如下文所述進行測試: PPAR促效劑於細胞性ppARa試驗中的EC5〇值之測定 5 原理 使用於本文中稱為PPARa報導細胞株之穩定轉染之 HEK細胞株(HEK=人類胚腎)分析與人類ppARa結合且以 促效方式將其活化之諸物質之效力。該等細胞株含有兩種 基因元件,蟲螢光素酶報導元件(p5M_GAL4-Luc-Zeo)與依 ίο 賴PPARa配位體傳介該蟲螢光素酶報導元件表現之PPARa 融合蛋白(GR-GAL4-人類PPARa-LBD)。該穩定及構成表現 之融合蛋白GR-GAL4-人類PPARa-LBD於PPARa報導細 胞株細胞核中,經由其GAL4蛋白質部分,與穩定併入該 細胞株基因體中之蟲螢光素酶報導元件5,-上游之結合 15 GAL4 DNA之主結構結合。於試驗中,若使用缺乏脂肪酸 之胎牛血清(cs-FCS),則於不存在PPARa配位體下,蟲螢 光素酶報導基因僅微弱表現。PPARa配位體與ppARa融合 蛋白結合並使其活化,因而激發蟲螢光素酶報導基因之表 現。所形成之蟲螢光素酶可利用化學發光性,經由適當基 質予以檢測。 71 20 200843749 PPARa報導細胞株之構築 分兩階段製備PPARa報導細胞株。首先,構築蟲螢光 素酶報導元件,使其穩定地轉染入HEK細胞中。欲達此目 的,將酵母轉錄因子GAL4 (Accession # AF264724)的五個 5 結合位點轉殖入68個鹼基對長之最小MMTV啟動子 (Accession # V01175)之5’-上游中。該最小MMTV啟動子 片段含有CCAAT匣及TATA元件,俾使以RNA聚合酶II 進行有效的轉錄。GAL-4MMTV構築體之轉殖與定序類似 Sambrook J. et. aL (Molecular cloning, Cold Spring Harbor io Laboratory Press, 1989)之說明進行。接著將完整的尸/^加⑽ 以(北美螢火蟲)基因(Accession # M15077)轉歹直入該 GAL4-MMTV元件之3’-下游中。於定序後,將由五個GAL4 結合位點、MMTV啟動子及蟲螢光素酶基因組成之該蟲螢 光素酶報導元件再轉殖入賦與捷歐辛(zeocin)抗性之質體 15 中,以獲得質體 p3M-GAL4-Luc-Zeo。根據 Ausubel,F.M. et al· (Current protocols in molecular biology, Vol· 1 -3,John Wiley & Sons,Inc.,1995)之敘述,將此載體轉染入HEK細 胞中。然後使用含捷歐辛的培養基(0.5毫克/毫升),挑選出 顯示非常低的蟲螢光素酶基因基礎表現之適當穩定之細胞 20 轉殖株。
於第二步驟中,係將PPARa融合蛋白(GR-GAL4-人類 PPARa-LBD)引入至前述穩定細胞轉殖株中。欲達此目的, 先將編碼糖皮質激素受體N端76個胺基酸之cDNA (Accession # P04150)連接於編碼酵母轉錄因子GAL4胺基 72 200843749 酸 M47 之 cDNA 片段(Accession #P〇4386)。將人類 PPARa 受體(胺基酸S167-Y468 ; Accession # S74349)配位體結合功 月b部位之cDNA轉殖於此GR-GAL4構築體之3,端。以此方 式製備之融合構築體(GR-GAL4-人類ppARa-LBD)再轉殖 5 入質體PcDNA3 (Invitr〇gen)中,俾使利用巨細胞病毒啟動 子賦與構成表現。此質體以核酸内切限制酶線型化,並穩 定地轉染入先前敘述之含有蟲螢光素酶報導元件之細胞轉 殖株中。利用以捷歐辛(〇·5毫克/毫升)及G418(〇.5毫克/毫 升)挑選,將完成之含有蟲螢光素酶報導元件及構成表現 10 PPARa 融合蛋白(GR-GAL4-人類 PPARa_LBD)之 PPARa 報 導細胞株單離出來。 試驗程序 茲以下文敘述之3天試驗法測定ppARa促效劑活性: 15 第1天 於與下述添加物混合之DMEM (# 41965-039, Invitrogen)中,培養PPARa報導細胞株至達80%全面生長: 10% cs_FCS (胎牛血清;#SH-30068.03,Hyclone)、0.5 毫克 /¾ 升捷歐辛(#R250-01,Invitrogen)、0·5 毫克 / 毫升 G418 2〇 (#10131_〇27,Invitrogen)、1% 青黴素 _ 鏈黴素溶液 (#15140-122,Invitrogen)與 2 mML_麩胺醯胺(#25030-024, Invitrogen)。此培養係在細胞培養箱中,3rc,5% c〇2存 在下’於才示準細胞培養瓶(# 353112,Becton Dickinson)中進 行。達80%全面生長之細胞以15毫升PBS (#14190-094, 73 200843749
Invitrogen)洗滌一次,於37°C以3毫升胰蛋白酶溶液 (#25300-054,Invitrogen)處理2分鐘,使其混於5毫升前述 DMEM中,然後在細胞計數器中計數。稀釋成為5〇〇,〇〇〇 個細胞/毫升後,於具有清激塑膠底盤的96槽微量培養盤 5 (約610,Corning Costar)之各槽接種35 〇〇〇個細胞。在細胞 培養箱中,37°C,5% C〇2下,培養各培養盤24小時。 第2天 使欲進行測試之PPARa促效劑溶於DMSO中,濃度為 ίο 10 mM。於與下述添加物混合之DMEM (# 41965-039,
Invitrogen)中稀釋此貯存液:5% cs_FCS (#SH-30068.03, Hyclone)、2 mM L_麵胺醯胺(#25030-024,Invitrogen)及先 前敘述之諸抗生素(捷歐辛、G418、青黴素與鏈黴素)。諸 測試物質以範圍在1〇μΜ至1〇〇 PM間之11種不同濃度進 15 行測試。更具效力之化合物於ΙμΜ至10 pM或100 nM與 1 pM間之濃度範圍進行測試。利用抽吸法,將第1天接種 的PPARa報導細胞株之培養基完全去除後,立刻添加至於 培養基中稀釋之測試物質至細胞中;其中測試物質之稀釋 與添加係利用自動控制裝置(Beckman FX)進行。於培養基 20 中稀釋的測試物質之最終容積為96槽微量培養盤每槽100 微升。為了避免溶劑之胞毒效應,於試驗中,DMSO濃度 在0·1% v/v以下。 為了證明各個培養盤中該項試驗之功能性,於各培養 盤裝填同樣稀釋成11種不同濃度的標準PPARa促效劑。 74 200843749 37°C ’ 5% C〇2下,在培養箱中培養諸試驗盤24小時。 第3天 從培養箱中移出經測試物質處理之PPARa報導細胞, 5 抽吸去除培養基。以移液管吸取50微升Bright Glo試劑(得 自Promega)至96槽微量培養盤各槽,使細胞溶解。於室溫, 在暗處培養10分鐘後,於光度計(Trilux,得自Wallac)上進 行諸微量培養盤之測定,測定時間為每槽1秒鐘。 10 評估 將付自光度計之粗數據轉換為Microsoft Excel檔案。 使用XL計算諸ppar促效劑之劑量-效力作圖與EC50值。 依廠商(IDBS)說明書之指示,安裝程式。 實例1至5諸化合物於此項試驗中之PPARa EC50值 15 在1 μΜ至5 μΜ之範圍内。本發明之式I化合物活化PPARa 受體。 PPAR促效劑於細胞性ppAR5試驗中的EC50值之測定 原理 20 使用於本文中稱為PPAR5報導細胞株之穩定轉染之 HEK細胞株(HEK=人類胚腎)分析與人類PPAR5結合且以 促效方式將其活化之諸物質之效力。與PPARa之試驗類似 地,該等ΡΡΑΙΙδ報導細胞株亦含有兩種基因元件,蟲螢光 素酶報導元件(p3M-GAL4-Luc-Zeo)與依賴PPAR5配位體傳 75 200843749
介該蟲螢光素酶報導元件表現之ΡΡΑΙΙδ融合蛋白 (GR-GAL4-人類PPARS_LBD)。該穩定及構成表現之融合蛋 白GR-GAL4_人類PPAR5_LBD於ppARS報導細胞株細胞 核中,經由其GAL4蛋白質部分,與穩定併入該細胞株基 5 因體中之蟲螢光素酶報導元件5,-上游之結合GAL4 DNA 之主結構結合。於試驗中,若使用缺乏脂肪酸之胎牛血清 (cs-FCS),則於不存在ΡΡΑΚδ配位體下,蟲螢光素酶報導 基因僅微弱表現。PPAR5配位體與PPAR3融合蛋白結合並 使其活化,因而激發蟲螢光素酶報導基因之表現。所形成 ίο 之蟲螢光素酶可利用化學發光性,經由適當基質予以檢測。 ΡΡΑίΙδ報導細胞株之構築 穩定的PPAR5報導細胞株之製造係以經穩定轉染蟲螢 光素酶報導元件的ΗΕΚ細胞株為基礎。此步驟已於上節 15 「PPARa報導細胞株之構築」中敘述。於第二步驟中,係 將PPAR3融合蛋白(GR-GAL4-人類PPAR3-LBD)穩定地引 入至此細胞轉殖株中。欲達此目的,先將編碼糖皮質激素 受體N端76個胺基酸之cDNA (Accession # P04150)連接於 編碼酵母轉錄因子GAL4胺基酸1-147之cDNA片段 2〇 (Accession # P04386)。將人類 PPAR3 受體(胺基酸 S139-Y441 ; Accession # L07592)配位體結合功能部位之 cDNA轉殖於此GR-GAL4構築體之3,端。以此方式製備之 融合構築體(GR-GAL4-人類PPAR5-LBD)再轉殖入質體 pcDNA3 (Invitrogen)中,俾使利用巨細胞病毒啟動子賦與構 76 200843749 成表現此貝體以核酸内切限制酶線型化,並穩定地轉染 入先前敘述之含有蟲螢光素酶報導元件之細胞轉殖株中Ϊ 利用以捷歐辛(0.5毫克/毫升)及G418 (〇 5毫克/毫升)挑選, 將所得含有蟲螢光素酶報導元件及構成表現ppAR5融合蛋 白(GR-GAL4-人類PPAR&LBD)之ppARS報導細胞株單離 出來。 試驗程序及評估 PPARS促效黯性仙完全類似於ppARa報導細胞株 中已遠之3天試驗法之程序進行測定;惟係以ppARS報導 細胞株及特定P P A R δ促效劑作為標準以控制測試效力。 測得本中請案敘述之實例1至12之諸H>AR促效劑之 PPARSEC50值在1ηΜι>10μΜ之範圍内。本發明之式工 化合物活化PPAR5受體。 表I所示實例係用於說明本發明而不擬構成侷限。
R3、R4 與 R7 = Η 〇 77 20 200843749 實例 η R1 R2 R5 R6 R8 R9 R10 R11 1 0 - Η Η -CF3 Η Η Η 2 0 - - -CH3 -CH3 CF3 Η Η Η 3 0 - - Η Η -CF3 Η -C1 Η 4 0 - - -CH3 -CH3 -CF3 Η -C1 Η 5 1 Η Η Η Η -CF3 Η -C1 Η 6 0 - - Η Η CF3 Η Η C1 7 0 - 一 Η Η CF3 -OCH3 Η Η 8 0 - - Η Η -C1 -CO-O-Ph Η Η 9 0 - - Η Η -C1 -CO-OH Η Η 10 0 - - Η Η -0-(CH2)2· Η Η 11 0 - - -(CH2)2-0-(CH2)2 - -CF3 Η Η Η 12 0 - - Η Η -CF3 Η Η -Ph-CF3 若干所述實例之效力如下表所示: 實例 PPAR5 EC50 (μΜ) PPARa EC50 (μΜ) 2 0,015 3,52 3 0,003 1,11 5 0,035 1,64 製法 根據本發明之式I化合物可如下文反應圖式所概述製 得: 78 200843749
方法A
使式 A-1 化合物(其中 R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、 R8與R9如所界定)與式A-2磺醯氯(其中R10與R11如所 5 界定),於鹼如三乙胺存在下,在溶劑如二氯曱烷中反應, 得到式A-3化合物。式A-3化合物與羥胺鹽酸鹽於鹼如三 乙胺存在下,在溶劑如四氫呋喃與曱醇中反應,製得式A-4 化合物。於微波照射下加熱反應混合物可促進此反應。此 式A-4化合物於驗如吼咬或二異丙基乙胺存在下,與氯曱 ίο 酸苯醋反應,隨後以微波照射加熱反應混合物俾使進行環 化反應,或替代地單離出所得中間產物,於溶劑如乙腈中, 以鹼如1,8-二氮雜雙環[5.4.0]十一-7-烯處理,使其轉化為式 A-5產物。 79 200843749 實例1至2係根據方法A製得。 其他化合物可依此或利用已知方法製得。 方法B··
使式 B-1 匕合物(其中 Rl、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、 R8與R9如所界定)與式B-2磺醯氯(其中R10與R11如所 界定),於鹼如三乙胺存在下,在溶劑如二氯曱烷中反應, ίο 得到式A-3化合物。式A-3化合物與羥胺鹽酸鹽於鹼如三 乙胺存在下,在溶劑如四氫呋喃與甲醇中反應,製得式A-4 化合物。式A-3化合物與氰化銅在溶劑如二曱基曱醯胺中, 微波照射下,於溫度例如200°C反應,得到式B-4之氰化 80 200843749 物。式B-4化合物與羥胺鹽酸鹽於鹼如三乙胺存在下,在 溶劑如四氫咳喃與甲醇中反應,製得化合物式b_5。於微波 “、、射下加熱反應混合物可促進此反應。此式B_5化合物於 驗如"比唆或二異丙基乙胺存在下,與氯曱酸苯酯反應,隨 後以微波照射加熱反應混合物俾使進行環化反應,或替代 地單離出所得中間產物,於溶劑如乙腈中,以鹼如1,8-二氮 雜雙環[5·4·〇]十一-7-烯處理,使其轉化為式B_6產物。 實例3至5係根據方法B製得。 其他化合物可依此或利用已知方法製得。 方法C·· 此方法係用於合成A-1與B-1構成單元(其中Rl、R2、 R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8 與 R9 如所界定)。
於溶劑例如DMF/水中,驗例如Na2C03存在下,使用 催化用量之過渡金屬例如鈀及配位體例如三苯膦,使式C-1 81 200843749 之_酸或_酸酯(其中Ml與M2可獨立地為氫或烷基-於烷 基之情形下,Ml與M2可形成環系-及R8與R9如所界定) 與式C-2之芳基溴(其中Rl、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6與R7 如所界定及PG意指保護基(例如第三丁氧羰基(BOC))反 應,製得式C-3化合物。除去C-3化合物之保護基PG,例 如當PG為BOC時,於溶劑例如二氯甲烷中,以酸例如三 氟乙酸處理,製得式A1二B1之化合物。 細馬表·
Ac 乙醯基 AIBN 2,2二偶氮雙(2-甲基丙腈) Bn 苄基 iBu 異丁基 tBU 第三丁基 BuLi 正丁基鋰 Bz 苯甲醯基 Cy 環己基 DBU 1,8-二氮雜雙環[5.4.0]十一-7-烯 DCI 直接化學電離法(MS) DCM 二氯甲烷 DMAP N,正二曱胺基吡啶 DMF N,正二曱基曱醯胺 DMSO 二曱亞颯 82 200843749 EE 乙酸乙酯 eq 當量 ESI 電喷灑離子化法(MS) FG 釋離基 Hal 鹵基 HPLC 南效能液相層析法 LC-MS 連結質譜法之液相層析法 Me 曱基 MS 質譜法 MsCl 曱磺醯氯 NBS 正溴琥珀醯亞胺 NMR 核磁共振 P 對位 Pd/C 彼1巴碳 iPr . 異丙基 nPr 正丙基 Rf 滯留因子(TLC) tert 第三 TBAF 敗化四丁錢 TFA 三氟乙酸 TLC 薄層色層分析法 進一步之式i化合物可依此或利用已知方法製得。 茲於下文敘述製備上述實例之實驗程序: 83 200843749 根據方法c之構成單元合成法: 7-(4-三氟甲基-苯基)-1,2,3,4-四氫-異喹啉三氟乙酸鹽
使4.63克4-(三氟曱基)苯基_酸溶於15毫升乙醇中, 將其添加於5.0克1-(7-漠-3,4-二氫-1H-異啥琳_2_基)_2,2,2_ 10 三氟-乙酮之15〇毫升曱苯與54毫升2 M碳酸納溶液混合 物中。脫除反應混合物之氣體,然後添加94〇毫克肆(三苯 脚)鈀(0),回流加熱此混合物兩小時。蒸發冷卻後之反應混 合物,使所得殘留物溶於150毫升乙酸乙酯中,以5〇毫升 水與鹽液洗滌。其有機層以MgS〇4乾燥,真空去除溶劑。 ^得粗物f利用逆相肌C法純化,製得2.G'克呈其三氟乙 酸鹽之7-(4·三氟甲基-苯基)-1,2,3,4-四氫-異喹啉。 C16H14F3N.C2HF302 (391.3),MS(ESI+) : 288.3 (M+H+)。 15 下列實例係根據方法A製備: 實例1 3]4-〇(4·三氟曱基-苯基)_2,3-二氫-吲哚小磺醯基>苯 基} 4Η-[ι,2,4]σ|二唾_5_嗣 84 200843749
4-[5-(4-三氟曱基-苯基)-2,3-二氫-吲哚-1-磺醯基]-苯曱腈
使1.25克市售可得之4-氰基-苯磺醯氯溶於35毫升二 氯曱烷中。接著添加760毫克5-(4-三氟甲基-苯基)-2,3-二 氫-1H-吲哚鹽酸鹽,隨後添加2.14毫升三乙胺。此混合物 於室溫攪拌十五分鐘。然後添加100毫升二氯曱烷,以40 毫升水與鹽液洗滌該混合物,然後以MgS04乾燥。真空去 除溶劑。所得粗物質利用逆相HPLC法純化,製得517毫 克呈非晶珠乾物之心^-^-二氣曱基-苯基丨^口-二氣-^弓卜朵 85 10 200843749 -1-石黃g藍基]-苯曱腈。 C22H15F3N202S (428.44),Rf (正庚烧:乙酸乙酯二 1:1) = 0.57。 N-輕基-4-[5-(4-二鼠曱基-苯基)-2,3 -二鼠-ϋ引13朵-1 -石黃臨基]- 苯曱脒
使517毫克4-[5-(4-三氟曱基-苯基)-2,3-二氫』引哚-1- 石黃廳基]-苯曱腈溶於10毫升四氫吱喃與10毫升曱醇之混合 ίο 物中。添加1.68克羥胺鹽酸鹽,隨後添加3.35毫升三乙胺。 此反應混合物於65°C攪拌八小時。真空去除溶劑,所得殘 留物傾入至水中,以乙酸乙酯萃取五次。合併之有機萃取 液以鹽液洗滌,以MgS04乾燥,真空蒸除溶劑,製得550 毫克呈油狀物之N-羥基-4-[5-(4-三氟曱基-苯基)-2,3-二氫-15 ϋ引17朵-1 -石黃酸基]-苯曱脉。 C22H18F3N303S (461,47),MS(ESI) : 462.2 (Μ+Η+)。 3-{4-[5-(4-二氣曱基-苯基)-2,3-二氮引ϋ朵-1-石黃酿基]-苯 基卜4Η-[1,2,4]畤二唑-5-酮 86 200843749
使550毫克N-羥基-4-[5-(4-三氟曱基-苯基)-2,3-二氫-吲哚-1-磺醯基]-苯曱脎溶於10毫升二氯曱烷中,添加0.17 毫升吡啶與0.18毫升氯曱酸苯酯,此混合物於室溫攪拌十 5 分鐘。添加20毫升乙腈稀釋混合物,接著添加0.89毫升 1,8-二氮雜雙環[5·4·0]十一-7-烯。此混合物於室溫攪拌15 分鐘。真空蒸發混合物,所得粗物質利用逆相HPLC法純 化,製得330毫克呈非晶凍乾物之3-{4-[5-(4-三氟曱基-苯 基)-2,3-二氫-吲哚-1-磺醯基]-苯基}-4Η-[1,2,4]畤二唑-5-酮。 ίο C23H16F3N304S (487.46),MS(ESI-) : 486.2 (Μ_Η+)。 實例2 3-{4-[3,3-二曱基-5-(4-二氟曱基-苯基)-2,3-二氮-11引1[3朵-1-石黃 醯基]-苯基}-2Η-[1,2,4]4 二唑-5-酮
根據實例1製備3-{4-[5-(4-三氟曱基-苯基)-2,3-二氫-朵-1-續醯基]-苯基}-4Η-[1,2,4]今二唾_5_嗣所述方法,以 市售可得之4-氰基-苯磺醯氯與3,3-二曱基-5-(4-三氟曱基- 87 200843749 苯基)-2,3-二氫-1H-吲哚1製得3-{4-[3,3-二曱基-5-(4-三氟曱 基-苯基)-2,3-二氫-吲哚-1-磺醢基]-苯基}-2Η-[1,2,4]噚二唑 -5-酮。 C25H20F3N3O4S (515.51),MS(ESI-) : 514.10 (M-H+)。 下列實例係根據方法B製備: 實例3 -氯-4-[5-(4-二氣曱基-苯基)-2,3 -二氮-。弓卜朵-1-石黃酿基]_ 苯基}-4Η-[1,2,4]噚二唑-5-酮
1, 氯甲酸苯酯,吡啶
2. DBU, MeCN DE10335449、DE10335450、W02005019169 88 10 200843749 1 -(4- >臭-3 -氣-苯石黃酿基)-5-(4-二氣曱基-苯基)-2,3 -二氮-1 Η- 吲哚
使1.79克市售可得之4-溴-苯磺醯氯溶於35毫升二氯 5 曱烷中。接著添加1.85克5-(4-三氟曱基-苯基)-2,3-二氫-1Η- 吲哚鹽酸鹽,隨後添加2.14毫升三乙胺。此混合物於室溫 攪拌十五分鐘。然後添加100毫升二氯曱烷,此混合物以 40毫升水與鹽液洗滌,然後以MgS04乾燥。真空去除溶劑, 製得2.48克粗1-(4->臭-3-氣-苯石黃酸基)-5-(4-二氣曱基-苯 ίο 基)-2,3_二氫-1H-吲哚。此物質不需進一步純化即可使用。 C21H14BrClF3N02S (516.77),Rf (正庚烷:乙酸乙酯=1:1) =0.61 〇 2-氯-4-[5-(4-二氟曱基-苯基)-2,3-二氮-°引σ朵-1-石黃酿基]-苯曱猜
使2.48克1-(4->臭-3-氯-苯石黃疏基)-5-(4-二氣曱基-苯 基)-2,3-二氫-1H-吲哚溶於10毫升二曱基曱醯胺中。添加 2.15克氰化銅,所得混合物於200QC,微波照射下,攪拌三 十分鐘。添加100毫升乙酸乙酯稀釋混合物,以飽和氯化 89 200843749 銨溶液洗滌五次,每次使用50毫升。其有機層以MgS04 乾燥,然後真空去除溶劑,製得935毫克粗2-氯-4-[5-(4-三氟曱基-苯基)-2,3-二氫吲哚-1-磺醯基]-苯曱腈。此物質不 需進一步純化即可使用。 C22H14C1F3N202S (462.88)。 3-{2-氣-4-[5-(4-二氣曱基-苯基)-2,3-二鼠-11引。朵-1-石黃驢基]-苯基}-4Η-[1,2,4]崎二唑-5-酮
ίο 根據實例1製備3-{4-[5-(4-三氟曱基-苯基)-2,3-二氫- π引哚-1-磺醯基]-苯基}-4Η-[1,2,4]噚二唑-5-酮所述方法,以 2-氣-4-[5-(4-三氟曱基-苯基)-2,3-二氫-吲哚-1-磺醯基]-苯曱 猜製得3-{2-鼠-4-[5-(4-二氣曱基-苯基)-2,3-二鼠-°引1[1朵_1-石黃 醯基]-苯基卜4H-[1,2,4]呤二唑-5-酮。 is C23H15C1F3N304S (521.91),MS(ESI-) : 520.5 (M-H+)。 實例4 3-{2-氣-4-[3,3-二曱基-5-(4-三氟曱基-苯基)-2,3-二氫-吲哚 -1-磺醯基]-苯基}-2Η-[1,2,4]噚二唑-5-酮
90 20 200843749 根據實例1製備3-{4-[5-(4-三氟曱基-苯基)-2,3-二氫-吲哚-1-磺醯基]•苯基}-4Η-[1,2,4]噚二唑-5-酮所述方法,以 市售可得之4-溴-苯磺醯氯與3,3-二曱基-5-(4-三氟曱基-苯 基)-2,3-二氫-1H-吲哚2製得3-{2-氯-4_[3,3_二曱基-5-(4-三氟 5 曱基-苯基)-2,3-二氫-叫丨哚-1-磺醯基]-苯基}-2Η-[1,2,4]口号二 u坐-5-酮。 C25H19C1F3N304S (549.96),MS(ESI+) ·· 550.1 (Μ+Η+)。 實例5 ίο 3-{2-氯-4-[7-(4-三氟曱基-苯基)-3,4-二氫-1H-異喹啉-2-磺 醯基]-苯基}-2Η-[1,2,4;Κ 二唑-5-酮
根據實例1製備3-{4-[5-(4-三氟甲基-苯基)-2,3-二氫-吲哚_1_磺醯基]-苯基}-4Η-[1,2,4]畤二唑-5-酮所述方法,以 15 市售可得之4->臭-苯石黃驢氯與7-(4-二鼠甲基-苯基)-1,2,3,4_ 四氫-異喹啉三氟乙酸鹽製得3-{2-氯-4-[7-(4-三氟曱基-苯 基)-3,4-二氫-1H-異喹啉-2-磺醯基]•苯基}-2Η-[1,2,4]畤二唑 -5-酮。 C24H17C1F3N304S (535.93),MS(ESI+) : 536.1 (M+H+)。 2 DE10335449、DE10335450、W02005019169 91 20 200843749 實例6 3-{3 -氯-4-[5-(4-二氣曱基-苯基)-2,3-二氮引。朵-1-石黃酿基]_ 苯基}-4Η-[1,2,4]畤二唑-5-酮
5 根據實例1製備3-{4-[5-(4-三氟曱基-苯基)-2,3-二氫- 吲哚-1-磺醯基]-苯基}-4Η-[1,2,4]崎二唑-5-酮所述方法,以 市售可得之2-氯-4-氰基-苯磺醯氯與5-(4-三氟甲基-苯 基)-2,3-二氫-1H-吲哚製得3-{3-氯-4-[5-(4-三氟曱基-苯 基)-2,3-二氫」引哚-1-磺醯基]-苯基}-4Η-[1,2,4] 口号二唑-5-酮。 ίο C23H15C1F3N304S (521.04),MS(ESI-) : 520.09 (M-H+)。 實例7 3-{4-[5-(2-曱乳基-4-二氣甲基-苯基)-2,3_二氮-11引11朵-1-石黃酿 基]-苯基}-4Η-[1,2,4]畤二唑-5-酮
根據方法C及A所述方法,以市售可得之2-曱氧基-4-三氟甲基-苯酸、5-溴-2,3-二氫-1H-吲哚與4-氰基-苯磺醯 氯製得3-{4-[5-(2-曱氧基-4-三氟曱基-苯基)-2,3-二氫哚 -1-磺醯基]-苯基}-4Η-[1,2,4]噚二唑-5-酮。 C24H18F3N3Q5S (517.09),MS(ESI-) : 516.00 (M-H+)。 92 200843749 實例8 5-氯-2-{l-[4_(5-酮基-4,5-二氫-[1又4]哼二唑-3-基)-苯磺醯 基]-2,3-二氫-1H-吲哚-5-基}•苯甲酸苯酯
5 根據方法C及A所述方法,以市售可得之4-氯-2-(乙 氧羰基)苯-_酸、5-漠-2,3-二氫-1H-吲哚與4-氰基-苯磺醯氯 製得 5-氯-2-{l-[4-(5-酮基_4,5_二氫_[1,2,4]噚二唑_3_基)_笨 磺醯基]-2,3-二氫-1H-吲哚-5-基卜苯曱酸苯酯。於合成 3-{4-[5_(4-三氟甲基-苯基)-2,3-二氫弓卜朵小磺酿基]_苯 ίο 基}-4Η_[1,2,4]噚二唑-5-酮所述條件下,將乙氧羰基基團轉 化為苯氧羰基基團。 C29H20C1N3O6S (573.08),MS(ESI_) : 571.98 (M-H+)。 實例9 5-氯-2-{l-[4-(5-酮基-4,5-一氫-[1,2,4]噚二唾-3-基)-苯石黃酸 基]-2,3-二氫_1H-吲哚-5-基}_苯曱酸 皿
根據方法C及A所述方法, 氧羰基)苯-_酸、5-溴-2,3-二氫 7法,以市售可得之4_氯_2_(乙 氫-1H,哚與4_氰基_苯磺醯氯 93 200843749 製得 5-氯-2-{l-[4-(5-酮基-4,5-二氫-[1,2,4]啐二唑-3-基)-苯 石黃驢基]-2,3-二鼠-ΙΗ-1^ ϋ朵-5-基}-苯曱酸。於合成7-(4-二氣 曱基-苯基)-1,2,3,4-四氫-異喹啉三氟乙酸鹽所述條件下,將 乙氧羰基基團轉化為羧酸基團。 C23H16C1N306S (497.04),MS(ESI-) : 495.95 (M-H+)。 實例10 3-{4-[5-(2,3-二鼠-苯弁咬喃-5 -基)-2,3 -二氮引σ朵-1-石黃酿 基]-苯基}-4Η-[1,2,4]哼二唑-5-酮 10
根據方法C及Α所述方法,以市售可得之2,3-二氳-苯 弁°夫喃-5-S朋酸、5->臭-2,3-二氮朵與4-鼠基-苯續酿氯 製得3-{4-[5-(2,3-二鼠-苯弁咬喃-5-基)-2,3-二氮-11引1[1朵-1-石黃 醯基]-苯基}-4Η-[1,2,4]崎二唑-5-酮。 15 C24H19N305S (461.10),MS(ESI-) : 459.95 (Μ-Η+)。 實例Π 3_{4-[3,3-(4-螺-四氫吨喃)-5-(4-三氟曱基-苯基)-2,3-二氫-吲哚-1-磺醯基]-苯基}-4Η-[1,2,4]畤二唑-5-酮 20 步驟1 : 5-溴-3,3-(4-螺-四氳吡喃)-2-酮基-2,3-二氫-吲哚-1-曱酸第 三丁酯 94 200843749
於5-溴-2_酮基-2,3_二氫-吲哚-1-曱酸第三丁酯(270毫 克,0·86毫莫耳)之無水DMF(7毫升)冰冷溶液中,小心添 加NaH (60 %) (38毫克,0.95毫莫耳)。攪拌此混合物30 5 分鐘’然後令其回升至室溫。添加1 -域·-2-(2-¾¾-乙乳基)-乙 烷(395毫克,1.2毫莫耳)並持續攪拌。4小時後,添加水(50 毫升),此混合物以乙酸乙酯萃取。其有機相以MgS04乾 燥,減壓蒸發溶劑。此粗產物利用矽膠層析法純化,獲得 207毫克固體物質。 10 步驟2 : 5-溴-3,3-(4-螺-四氫。比喃)-1,3-二氫-吲哚-2-酮
於室溫’授掉臭-3,3-(4-螺-四鼠0比°南)-2-嗣基-2,3-二 15 氫·^引哚-1-甲酸第三丁酯(207毫克,0.54毫莫耳)之CH2C12 (6.7毫升)與三氟乙酸(0.8毫升)溶液2小時。減壓蒸發溶 劑,其殘留油不需純化直接於下一步驟使用。 步驟3 : 2〇 3,3-(4-螺-四氫吼喃)-5-(4-三氟曱基-苯基)-1,3-二氫-u引哚-2-酮 95 200843749
加熱5-漠-3,3_(4-螺·四氫%喃)3一-毫克,0.69莫耳)、4-三氟甲基笨某__心 —氧-吲哚_2-酮(195
燥,減壓蒸發溶劑。殘留物利用矽膠層析法純化,獲得285 三氟甲基笨某-翻毫克,0.76毫 I 毫克固體物質。 步驟4 : 3,3-(4-螺-四氫吼喃)-5-(4-三氟曱基苯基>2,3-二氫-1H-吲哚
於3,3-(4-螺-四氫吼喃)-5-(4_三氟甲基-苯基)-i,3-二氫-吲哚-2-酮(255毫克,0.73毫莫耳)之無水THF (20毫升)溶 液中,小心添加1 M LiAlH4之THF溶液(2.4毫升,2·4毫 莫耳)。於室溫2小時後,相繼添加100微升水、1〇〇微升 15 % NaOH溶液及1〇〇微升水。攪拌此混合物1小時,過 濾,減壓蒸發溶劑,獲得253毫克油狀物質,不需純化直 接於下一步驟使用。 96 20 200843749 步驟5 : 4-[3,3-(4-螺-四氫吼喃)-5-(4-三氟曱基-苯基)-2,3-二氫-吲哚 -1 -石黃酿基]-苯曱猜
5 於3,3-(4-螺-四鼠°比喃)-5-(4-二亂曱基-苯基)-2,3-二鼠 -1H-吲哚(103毫克,0·31毫莫耳)與三乙胺(149微升,0.93 毫莫耳)之CH2C12 (5毫升)溶液中,缓缓添加4-氰基-苯磺醯 氯(62.3毫克,0.31毫莫耳)。於室溫攪拌此混合物10小時。 添加水(50毫升),此混合物以乙酸乙酯萃取三次(每次50毫 ίο 升)。其有機相以MgS〇4乾燥,減壓蒸發溶劑。殘留物利用 矽膠層析法純化,獲得57毫克固體物質。 步驟6 : 4-[3,3-(4-螺-四氫啦喃)-5-(4-三氟曱基-苯基)-2,3-二氫-吲哚 is -1 -石黃酿基]-N-經基-本曱肺
於4-[3,3-(4-螺-四鼠口比喃)-5-(4-二氣曱基-苯基)-2,3-二 氫j引哚-1-磺醯基]-苯甲腈之THF (9毫升)與曱醇(9毫升)溶 液中,添加羥胺鹽酸鹽(198.6毫克,2.85毫莫耳)與三乙胺 (400微升,2.85毫莫耳)。此混合物加熱至90 °C 2小時。 97 20 200843749 令混合物冷卻至室溫,以水(50毫升)稀釋,及以乙酸乙酯 萃取三次(每次50毫升)。其有機相以MgS04乾燥,減壓蒸 發溶劑,獲得66毫克固體物質,直接於下一步驟使用。 步驟7 : 3- {4-[3,3-(4-螺-四鼠口比喃)-5-(4-二鼠甲基-苯基)-2,3 -二鼠_ 吲哚-1-磺醯基]-苯基}-4Η-[1,2,4]呤二唑-5-酮
10 15 於4-[3,3-(4-螺-四鼠ϋ比喃)-5-(4-二氣甲基-苯基)-2,3-二 氫-叫丨哚-1-磺醯基]-N-羥基-苯曱脒(66毫克,0.12毫莫耳) 之CH2C12 (4毫升)與吼啶(12微升,015毫莫耳)冰冷溶液 中,緩緩添加氯曱酸苯酯(19微升,0,15毫莫耳)溶液。攪 拌此混合物15分鐘,移除冰浴,令溶液回升至室溫。以 CH3CN (4毫升)稀釋混合物,添加DBU (93微升,0.62毫 莫耳)。攪拌此混合物1小時。減壓蒸發溶劑,殘留物利用 PR-層析法純化,獲得10毫克產物。 C27H22F3N305S (557.12),MS(ESI-) : 556.23 (M-H+)。 實例12 2〇 3-{4’-三氟曱基-6-[5-(4-三氟曱基-苯基)-2,3-二氫-吲哚-1-磺 醯基]-聯苯-3-基}-411-[1,2,4]崎二唑-5-酮 98 200843749
於實例11所述條件下,利用與4-三氟曱基-苯基硼酸之 Suzuki·類型反應’以3-{3-氣·4-[5-(4-二亂曱基-苯基)_2,3_ 二氫-吲哚-1-磺醯基]-苯基}-4Η-[1,2,4]畤二唑-5-酮(實例6) 合成3-{4’-三氟甲基-6-[5-(4-三氟曱基-苯基)-2,3-二氫』引哚 -1-磺醯基]-聯苯-3-基}-411-[1,2,4]噚二唑-5-酮。 C30H19F6N3O4S (631.10),MS(ESI_) : 630·04 (Μ-Η+)。 99
Claims (1)
- 200843749申請專利範圍·· 一種具下式 之化合物: R10式中 式I ηRl、R2 為0、 10 R3、R4 15 R5、R6 卜烷基、曱沉丞 ^C3、C7)環烷基、(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C6-C10) 芳基’其中烷基與伸烷基未經取代或被F 取代1至3次; 谷蜀fr 、 地為Η、(C1_C8)烷基、(C0-C4)伸烷基 (C3'C7)環烷基、(C0-C4)伸烷基-(C6-C10) 芳其 & 其中烧基與伸烧基未經取代或被F 取代1至3次; R5 與 R6 獨立地為11、(C1-C8)烧基、(C0-C4)伸烷基 環烷基、(C〇_C4)伸烷基-(C6-C10) 芳基’其中烷基與伸烷基未經取代或被F 取代1至3次;或 和攜π彼等之碳原子一起形成(c3_C7)環烷 100 200843749 基環,其中一個碳原子可被一個雜原子Ο、 S、Ν置換; R7 為氫、鹵基、(C1-C8)燒基、(C0-C4)伸烧基 -〇_(C0-C4)伸烧基-H、(C3-C7)環烧基,其 5 中烧基與伸烧基未經取代或被F取代1至3 次; R8、R9 獨立地為Η、鹵基、(C1-C8)燒基、(C0-C4) 伸烧基-〇-(C0-C4)伸烧基-Η、(C3-C7)環烧 基、-C0-0-(CO-C4)-伸燒基 _h、C0-0-苯 ίο 基、-CO-NR12R13,其中烷基與伸烷基未 經取代或被F取代1至3次,NR12R13與 苯基未經取代或被鹵基、(C1-C4)烷基、 (C0-C4)伸烧基-O-(C0-C4)伸烧基-H、或 NR12R13取代1至3次;或 is R8與R9和與其結合之諸碳原子一起形成(C5-C7)環 烧基環,其中一個複原子可被一個雜原子 〇、s、N置換; RIO、Rl 1 獨立地為 Η、鹵基、(C1-C8)烧基、(C0-C4) 伸烷基-O-(C0-C4)伸烷基-Η、(C3-C7)環燒 2〇 基、(C6-C10)芳基,其中環烷基與芳基未經 取代或被(C1-C4)烷基取代1至2次及其中 烷基與伸烷基未經取代或被F取代1至3 次; R12、R13獨立地為Η、(C1-C6)烷基; 101 200843749 其所有立體異構型與任何比率之混合物,及其生理上 可接受之鹽與互變異構型。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之式I化合物,其中 R9 位於位置2。 3. 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之式I化合物,其中 R11 位於位置3’。 4. 如申請專利範圍第1至3項之任一項之式I化合物, 其中 R11 位於位置3’及 ίο R10 為 H。 5. 如申請專利範圍第1至4項之任一項之式I化合物, 其中 η 為 0、1 ; Rl、R2 為Η ; is R3、R4 為Η ; R5、R6 獨立地為Η、(C1-C6)烷基;或 R5 與 R6 和攜帶彼等之碳原子一起形成(C5-C6)環烷 基環,其中一個碳原子可被一個雜原子〇 或Ν置換; 2〇 R7 為Η ; R8 為 CF3、Cl ; R9 位於位置2及 R9 為 Η、F、0-(Cl-C4)烷基、COOH、C0-0-苯基、0-(Cl-C4)烷基-NR12R13 、 102 200843749 R8 與 R9 C0-0-(Cl-C4)烷 基-NR12R13 、 C0-NH-(C1-C4)烷基-NR12R13 ;或 和與其結合之諸碳原子一起形成(C5-C6)環 烷基環,其中一個碳原子被一個雜原子〇 5 置換; R10 為 Η、cn、F、CH3 ; R11 為Η、C卜苯基-CF3 ; R12、R13 為(C1-C4)烷基。 6. 如申請專利範圍第1至5項之任一項之式I化合物, i〇 其中 η 為 0、1 ; R1、R2 為Η ; R3、R4 為Η ; R5、R6 獨立地為Η、(C1-C6)烷基,較佳為,Η、CH3 ; is R7 為Η ; R8 為 CF3 ; R9 為Η ; RIO 為Cl ; R11 為 H。 20 7. —種醫藥劑,其包含如申請專利範圍第1至6項之一 或多項之一或多種化合物。 8. 一種醫藥劑,其包含如申請專利範圍第1至6項之一 或多項之一或多種化合物及對代謝干擾或常與其相關 之疾病具有有利效力之一或多種活性物質。 103 •200843749 9·、種醫樂劑,其包含如申請專利範圍第1至6項之一 或多項之一或多種化合物及一或多種抗糖尿病藥物。 〇·、,醫樂劑,其包含如申請專利範圍第丨至6項之一 5 貞多項之—或多種化合物及-或多種脂質調節劑。 .如申請專利範圍第!至6項之一或多項之式1化合 物,係用於治療及/或預防脂肪酸代謝失調症及葡萄糖 利用失調症。 12.如申請專利範圍第i至6項之一或多項之式j化合 10 ,物’係用於治療及/或預防涉及胰島素抗性之失調症。 •如申請專利範圍第i至6項之一或多項之式 I化合 勿’係用於治療及/或預防糖尿病,包括預防與其相關 之後遺症。 4·如申請專利範圍第1至6項之-或多項之式I化合 15 15物係用於治療及/或預防血脂異常及其後遺症。 • 2申請專利範圍第1至6項之一或多項之式1化合 ' ’係用於治療及/或預防可能與代謝症候群相關之症 狀。 =申凊專利範圍第1至ό項之一或多項之式I化合 20 〃係用於治療及/或預防中枢與周圍神經系統之髓鞘 17 =失性與其他神經退化性疾病。 2申凊專利範圍第1至6項之一或多項之式1化合 ’係與用於治療脂肪酸代謝失調症與葡萄糖利用失 调症之$ 1 18 如心王夕一種進一步之活性化合物組合。 申清專利範圍第1至6項之一或多項之式I化合 104 200843749 物,係與用於治療涉及胰島素抗性疾病之至少一種進 一步之活性化合物組合。 19. 5 一種用於製備包含如申請專利範圍第1至6項之一或 多項之一或多種化合物之醫藥劑之方法,該方法包括 使該活性成分與醫藥上適宜之載劑混合,並使此混合 物成為適用於投藥之形式。 105 200843749 七、指定代表圖: (一) 本案指定代表圖為:第(無)圖。 (二) 本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明: 無 10 八、本案若有化學式時,請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式: R105
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| EP06025880A EP1932843A1 (en) | 2006-12-14 | 2006-12-14 | Sulfonyl-phenyl-2H-(1,2,4) oxadiazole-5-one derivatives, processes for their preparation and their use as pharmaceuticals |
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| US (1) | US8173674B2 (zh) |
| EP (2) | EP1932843A1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP2010512352A (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR20090087922A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN101558064A (zh) |
| AR (1) | AR064299A1 (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU2007331805A1 (zh) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0720416A2 (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2672347A1 (zh) |
| CL (1) | CL2007003614A1 (zh) |
| CO (1) | CO6210729A2 (zh) |
| CR (1) | CR10778A (zh) |
| EC (1) | ECSP099409A (zh) |
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| PE (1) | PE20081404A1 (zh) |
| RU (1) | RU2009126745A (zh) |
| SV (1) | SV2009003293A (zh) |
| TN (1) | TN2009000242A1 (zh) |
| TW (1) | TW200843749A (zh) |
| UY (1) | UY30783A1 (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2008071311A1 (zh) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200903160B (zh) |
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| US20180317490A1 (en) | 2015-11-04 | 2018-11-08 | Basf Se | Substituted oxadiazoles for combating phytopathogenic fungi |
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| BR112018074569B1 (pt) | 2016-06-09 | 2022-10-04 | Basf Se | Compostos, uso de n-(2,4-difluorofenil)-4-[5-(trifluorometil)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-il] benzamida, composição agroquímica e método para combater fungos nocivos fitopatogênicos |
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-
2006
- 2006-12-14 EP EP06025880A patent/EP1932843A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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2007
- 2007-11-30 CA CA002672347A patent/CA2672347A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-11-30 MX MX2009005535A patent/MX2009005535A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-11-30 RU RU2009126745/04A patent/RU2009126745A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-11-30 JP JP2009540626A patent/JP2010512352A/ja not_active Abandoned
- 2007-11-30 EP EP07846915.2A patent/EP2102198B1/en active Active
- 2007-11-30 CN CNA2007800454445A patent/CN101558064A/zh active Pending
- 2007-11-30 WO PCT/EP2007/010390 patent/WO2008071311A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2007-11-30 KR KR1020097012309A patent/KR20090087922A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-11-30 BR BRPI0720416-7A patent/BRPI0720416A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-11-30 AU AU2007331805A patent/AU2007331805A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-12-12 TW TW096147333A patent/TW200843749A/zh unknown
- 2007-12-12 UY UY30783A patent/UY30783A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-12-12 PE PE2007001772A patent/PE20081404A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-12-12 AR ARP070105563A patent/AR064299A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-12-12 CL CL200703614A patent/CL2007003614A1/es unknown
-
2009
- 2009-05-07 ZA ZA200903160A patent/ZA200903160B/xx unknown
- 2009-05-07 CR CR10778A patent/CR10778A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-06-05 CO CO09058528A patent/CO6210729A2/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-06-09 US US12/480,974 patent/US8173674B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-06-10 MA MA31971A patent/MA30981B1/fr unknown
- 2009-06-10 SV SV2009003293A patent/SV2009003293A/es unknown
- 2009-06-12 EC EC2009009409A patent/ECSP099409A/es unknown
- 2009-06-12 TN TNP2009000242A patent/TN2009000242A1/fr unknown
- 2009-06-15 NO NO20092293A patent/NO20092293L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CL2007003614A1 (es) | 2008-06-20 |
| KR20090087922A (ko) | 2009-08-18 |
| CN101558064A (zh) | 2009-10-14 |
| EP2102198B1 (en) | 2015-02-25 |
| CA2672347A1 (en) | 2008-06-19 |
| AU2007331805A1 (en) | 2008-06-19 |
| US20090298871A1 (en) | 2009-12-03 |
| JP2010512352A (ja) | 2010-04-22 |
| CO6210729A2 (es) | 2010-10-20 |
| ECSP099409A (es) | 2009-07-31 |
| MX2009005535A (es) | 2009-06-05 |
| MA30981B1 (fr) | 2009-12-01 |
| EP2102198A1 (en) | 2009-09-23 |
| CR10778A (es) | 2009-06-24 |
| ZA200903160B (en) | 2010-10-27 |
| UY30783A1 (es) | 2008-07-31 |
| EP1932843A1 (en) | 2008-06-18 |
| AR064299A1 (es) | 2009-03-25 |
| RU2009126745A (ru) | 2011-01-20 |
| US8173674B2 (en) | 2012-05-08 |
| BRPI0720416A2 (pt) | 2013-12-31 |
| WO2008071311A1 (en) | 2008-06-19 |
| TN2009000242A1 (en) | 2010-10-18 |
| NO20092293L (no) | 2009-09-08 |
| SV2009003293A (es) | 2009-10-27 |
| PE20081404A1 (es) | 2008-11-04 |
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