TARIFNAME YESIL ÇAY BITKISININ iSLENMEsi SONUCU AÇIGA ÇIKAN ATIK ÇAY ÇÖPÜNDEN YAPILAN YENI BIR SUNTA TÜRÜ VE ÜRETIM METODU Bulusun ilgili oldugu teknik alani Bulus, bir gida bitkisi olan yesil çay agaci bitkisinin fabrikalarda islenmesi sonucu olusan atik çay çöpünün, belli kimyasallarla birlestirilip ahsap ve mobilya sanayinde kullanilabilecek yeiii bir sunta maddesi olusturulmasi ile Teknigin bilinen durumu Piyasada bilinen adi ile Sunta (Ingilizce: Chipboardi; Odun talasinin belli kimyasal birlestiriciler ile karistirilarak, preslenmesi sonucu elde edilen levhadir. Mobilya sanayinde sikça kullanilir. Belirli standartlar dahilinde çesitli kalinliklarda üretilir. Suya ve yanmaya karsi dayaniini yoktur. Çesitli kalitelerde üretilir ve darbe dayanimi kalitesine göre degisir. Bulusun çözümünü amaçladigi problemler Sunta, mobilya ve ahsap sanayinde kullanilan etkin bir maddedir ve hammaddesi odun talasidir. Odun talasini elde etmek için bir dizi islem gerekir. Çünkü amaç bu maddeyi (suntayi) elde etmedir. Oysa Dogu Karadeniz de her yil üretilen ve halkin büyük kisminin geçim kaynagi olan Çay bitkisi zateii toplanmakta ve iç piyasada içme çay (gida) ihtiyacini karsilamak için satilmaktadir. Yöre halki tarafindan toplanan yesil çay, çay fabrikalarinda bir dizi islem sonucu iç piyasaya satilabilecek kuru çay haline getirilirken, yaninda atik madde olarak görünen yaklasik 40 bin ton Çay çöpü de olusmaktadir. Çay çöpü ile ilgili bazi projeler olsa da genel itibariyle dogaya terk edilmekte veya çok az bir kismi yöre halkina atik olarak kullanmalari için verilmektedir. Bu yöntem ile Ülkemizde atik olarak görünen yaklasik 40 bin ton maddeden yeni bir sunta olusabilecek, yöre halki ve ülke ekonomisine katki saglayabilecektir. Bulusun açiklamasi 7 kilogram Amonyum klorür (NH4CIl, 4 kilogram yüzde % 46`lik üre (Azot), 7 kilogram Amonyak ve 30 kilogram (yaklasik 30 litre) su karistirilir (bu karisimin amaci sertlestirmedir). Bu karisimdan 250 ml alinir ve bir kaba konulur. Üzerine 1 litre % 55'lik sivi üre formaldehitli tutkal ilave edilir ve iyice karistirilir. Yaklasik 300 gram beyaz un (bugday unu), seri bir sekilde karistirilmaya devam edilen karisimin üzerine homojen oluncaya kadar azar azar eklenir. Olusan karisim kati veya sivi olmayacak sekilde ayarlanmalidir. Bu karistirma islemi devam ederken bir yandan da ayri bir plastik kap içerisinde 420 gram çay çöpü, 10 gram bentonit kili ve 10 gram kömür külü homojen olacak sekilde karistirilir. Çay çöpü. bentonit kili ve kömür tozu karisimi seri bir sekilde karistirilan diger karisimin üzerine azar azar ilave edilerek homojen oluncaya kadar iyice karistirilir. Bu islemin havasiz ortamda yapilmasi kurumayi geciktirerek, homojen bir karisim elde edilebilmesi için zaman kazandiracaktir. Bu asamada çay çöplü karisim plastik kapta donmasin diye seri olunmalidir. Deney baslamadan cm - 2 cm ebatlarinda) hazirlanmis olup, alüminyum folyo ile iyice sarilmalidir ( bunun amaci deney sonunda numuneyi kaliptan çikarmak kolay olmasi içindir). Karisim, metal kaliba dökülür ve tahtadan olan kalip kapagi da üzerine kapatilarak tost makinesinin içine yerlestirilir. Prizdeki 120 derecedeki tost makinesi kapagi kapatilir ve marangoz mengeneleri ile sikistirilir (pres görevi). 20 dakika tost makinesinin içinde 120 derecede isitilan kalip, tost makinesinin içinden alinmadan ve mengeneleri çikarilinadan elektrikten çekilerek yaklasik 3 saat sogumaya birakilir. 3 saat sonunda tost makinesinden çikarilan kalip 4 saat daha dinlenmeye birakilir. 4 saat sonunda kalibindan çikarilan nuinune 4 saat daha dinlendirilir. Numune marangoz aleti olan planyadan geçirilerek son hali olusur. Bulusun Sanayide Uygulama Biçimi Piyasada bilinen ismiyle sunta, tamamen odun talasindan elde edilmektedir. Bu odun talasini elde etmek için tonlarca agaç kesilmektedir. Oysa zaten atik bir madde olan çay çöpünden sunta ile yapilan birçok malzeme (her türlü mobilya) elde edilebilir ve daha ucuza mal edilebilir. Çünkü; 420 gram çay çöpünden yaklasik 2646 cm3 yeni bir tür sunta elde edildi. Fabrikasyon presleme (Yonga levha üretim sanayinde üretilen levhalara uygulanan presleme) oldugu takdirde bu bir miktar daha da artacaktir. Fabrikasyon presleme yapilamamis olmasina ragmen lm3 sunta elde etmek için yaklasik 4 kilogram çay çöpü gereklidir. Çay çöpünün kilogram fiyati ise 25 kurus ( Çaykur birim fiyati ) civarindadir. (Günümüzde çay çöpü en yaygin olarak topragin verimini artirmak amaciyla gübre olarak kullanilmaktadir. Çay çöpü, Çaykur ve özel sektör çay fabrikalari tarafindan, tarimla ugrasan yöre halkina veya isletmelere ücret karsiligi yada bedelsiz olarak verilmekteydi. Çaykur son zamanlarda bir takim istismarlara yol açtigi için bu uygulamaya bir son vererek olusan çay çöpünü büyük oranda yakmak suretiyle imha etmektedir.) Odun talasinin kilogram] ise yaklasik 2 TL civarindadir. Bu talasi elde etmek için agaçlar kesilmektedir. Oysa ki içilebilir çay elde edilirken atik madde olan çay çöpü zaten üretilmektedir. Bu bulus ile dogaya terk edilen 40 bin ton çay çöpü kullanilabilir hale gelebilir. Böylece özellikle Dogu Karadeniz Bölgesinin geçim kaynagi olan çay sektöründen yeni bir is sahasi ortaya çikabilir. Ürünün teknik analizleri yüzeysel olarak incelendiginde, içindeki bentonit kili sayesinde toksit maddeleri uzaklastirmakta, kömür külü Sayesinde de görülmeyen çok küçük gözenekleri tikadigindan suya karsi direnç kazanmakta ve ürünün içindeki kimyasal maddelerin birbirine baglanmasina yardimci olmaktadir. Ayrica bilinen suntaya göre hem daha esnek, hem de çivi ve Civata gibi mobilya sanayinde oldukça fazla kullanilan metal malzemeler ile beraber kullaniminda daha dayaniklidir. (Ayni yerinden defalarca (7 kez deneiimistir) Civata ile muamele edilmesine ragmen civatanm uygulandigi yerin bozulmadigi, esnemedigi görülmüstür.) Gerekli arastirmalar yapilirsa isiya ve neme dayanikliligi daha fazla oldugu için mutfak tezgahi ve parke yapiminda da kullanilabilecegini düsünmekteyiz. TR TR DESCRIPTION A NEW TYPE OF CHIPBOARD MADE FROM WASTE TEA WASTE RESULTING FROM THE PROCESSING OF GREEN TEA PLANT AND THE PRODUCTION METHOD The technical field to which the invention relates The invention is that the waste tea waste resulting from the processing of green tea tree plant, which is a food plant, in factories can be combined with certain chemicals and used in the wood and furniture industry. Known State of the Technique by creating a green chipboard material. Chipboard (English: Chipboardi), as it is known in the market, is a board obtained by mixing wood sawdust with certain chemical binders and pressing it. It is frequently used in the furniture industry. It is produced in various thicknesses within certain standards. It is resistant to water and fire. It is produced in various qualities and its impact resistance varies according to its quality. Problems that the invention aims to solve. Chipboard is an active material used in the furniture and wood industry and its raw material is wood shavings. A series of processes are required to obtain wood shavings. Because the purpose is to obtain this material (chipboard). . However, the tea plant, which is produced every year in the Eastern Black Sea Region and is the source of income for most of the people, is collected and sold in the domestic market to meet the need for drinking tea (food). While the green tea collected by the local people is turned into dry tea that can be sold to the domestic market as a result of a series of processes in tea factories, approximately 40 thousand tons of tea waste, which appears as waste material, is also formed. Although there are some projects regarding tea waste, it is generally abandoned to nature or a very small part of it is given to the local people to use as waste. With this method, a new chipboard can be created from approximately 40 thousand tons of materials that appear as waste in our country, and will contribute to the local people and the country's economy. Description of the invention: 7 kilograms of Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl, 4 kilograms of 46% urea (Nitrogen), 7 kilograms of Ammonia and 30 kilograms (approximately 30 liters) of water are mixed (the purpose of this mixture is hardening). 250 ml of this mixture is taken and placed in a container. Add 1 liter of 55% liquid urea formaldehyde glue and mix well. Approximately 300 grams of white flour (wheat flour) is added little by little to the mixture, which continues to be mixed rapidly, until it becomes homogeneous. The resulting mixture should not be solid or liquid. While this mixing process is continuing, 420 grams of tea waste, 10 grams of bentonite clay and 10 grams of coal ash are mixed homogeneously in a separate plastic container. The mixture of tea garbage, bentonite clay and coal dust is placed on the other mixture that is mixed serially. It is added little by little and mixed well until it becomes homogeneous. Performing this process in an airless environment will delay drying and gain time to obtain a homogeneous mixture. At this stage, the mixture with tea waste should be handled quickly so that it does not freeze in the plastic container. cm - 2 cm in size) was prepared before the experiment started and should be wrapped well with aluminum foil (the purpose of this is to make it easy to remove the sample from the mold at the end of the experiment). The mixture is poured into the metal mold, the wooden mold cover is closed and placed inside the toaster. The toaster cover at 120 degrees in the outlet is closed and clamped with carpenter's vises (press duty). The mold, which is heated at 120 degrees in the toaster for 20 minutes, is disconnected from the electricity supply and left to cool for approximately 3 hours, before being removed from the toaster and without removing the clamps. After 3 hours, the mold is removed from the toaster and left to rest for another 4 hours. After 4 hours, the sample is removed from the mold and rested for another 4 hours. The sample is passed through a planer, which is a carpenter's tool, to create its final shape. Industrial Application of the Invention Chipboard, as it is known in the market, is obtained entirely from wood shavings. Tons of trees are cut down to obtain this wood shavings. However, many materials (all kinds of furniture) made of chipboard can be obtained from tea waste, which is already a waste material, and can be cheaper. Because; Approximately 2646 cm3 of a new type of chipboard was obtained from 420 grams of tea waste. This will increase even more if there is fabrication pressing (pressing applied to the boards produced in the chipboard production industry). Although fabrication pressing is not possible, approximately 4 kilograms of tea waste is required to obtain LM3 chipboard. The price per kilogram of tea waste is around 25 kuruş (Çaykur unit price). (Today, tea waste is most commonly used as fertilizer to increase the fertility of the soil. Tea waste was given by Çaykur and private sector tea factories to local people or businesses engaged in agriculture, for a fee or free of charge. Çaykur has recently led to some abuses, so this practice It destroys the resulting tea waste by burning it to a large extent.) Kilogram of wood shavings is around 2 TL. Trees are cut down to obtain this sawdust. However, while drinkable tea is being produced, tea waste, which is a waste material, is already being produced. With this invention, 40 thousand tons of tea waste abandoned to nature can be used. Thus, a new business field may emerge from the tea industry, which is the source of income especially in the Eastern Black Sea Region. When the technical analysis of the product is examined superficially, it removes toxic substances thanks to the bentonite clay in it, and thanks to the coal ash, it gains resistance against water as it clogs the very small pores that cannot be seen, and helps the chemical substances in the product to bind together. In addition, it is more flexible than the known chipboard and more durable when used with metal materials such as nails and bolts, which are widely used in the furniture industry. (It has been tried on the same place many times (7 times). Although it was treated with bolts, it was observed that the place where the bolt was applied did not deteriorate or stretch.) If the necessary research is done, we think that it can also be used in the construction of kitchen countertops and parquet as it is more resistant to heat and moisture. TR TR