SU979548A1

SU979548A1 - Method of removing grease and fat stains off textile articles surface

Info

Publication number: SU979548A1
Application number: SU762381867A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Григорий Захарович Блюм; Светлана Сергеевна Иевлева; Зинаида Алексеевна Климкина; Инна Анатольевна Агаджанова; Ирина Владимировна Торина; Ирина Борисовна Голубева
Original assignee: Предприятие П/Я А-7815
Priority date: 1976-06-01
Filing date: 1976-06-01
Publication date: 1982-12-07

Description

Изобретение относитс к бытовой химии, а именно к технологии удалени жиромасл ных загр знений в процессе химической чистки текстильных изделий,The invention relates to household chemicals, in particular, to the technology of removal of oily contaminants in the process of dry cleaning of textiles,

Известен способ удалени жиромасл ных загр знений с поверхности текстильных изделий обработкой их галоидированными углеводородными растворител ми, например,три- и тетрахлорэтиленом. В зависимости от характера и степени загр зненности текстильные издели либо целиком погружают в растворитель, либо обрабатывают только отдельные участки поверхности текстильных изделий растворителем, например, посредством ватного тампона, пропитанного растворителем. Способ обеспечивает эффективное удаление жиромасл ных загр знений 1.There is a known method for removing grease from the surface of textiles by treating them with halogenated hydrocarbon solvents, for example, tri- and tetrachloroethylene. Depending on the nature and degree of contamination, textile products are either completely immersed in a solvent, or only certain parts of the surface of textiles are treated with a solvent, for example, by means of a cotton swab soaked in solvent. The method provides effective removal of oily contaminants 1.

Однако хлорированные углеводороды вл ютс токсичными веществами, что резко ухудшает услови труда работающих. Кроме того, в услови х хранени трихлорэтилен разлагаетс с выделением сол ной кислоты, разрушающей некоторые виды волокон, а также полимеров. Это ограничивает ассортимент изделий, подлежащихHowever, chlorinated hydrocarbons are toxic substances, which dramatically worsens the working conditions of workers. In addition, under storage conditions, trichlorethylene decomposes to produce hydrochloric acid, which destroys certain types of fibers, as well as polymers. This limits the range of products to be

химической чистке с использованием таких растворителей. Ввиду разруд|ени материалапуговиц возникает необходимость в их удалении с изделий перед химической чисткой.dry cleaning with these solvents. In view of the depletion of material, buttons arise the need to remove them from products before dry cleaning.

Цель изобретени - улучшенгее условий труда путем снижени токсичности растворител и улуайение эксплуатационных свойств изделий.The purpose of the invention is to improve working conditions by reducing the toxicity of the solvent and to improve the operational properties of the products.

10ten

Цель достигаетс тем, что согласно способу удалени жиромасл ных загр знений с поверхности текстильных изделий обработкой их растворителем в качестве растворител испольts зуют тетраэтоксисилан.The goal is achieved in that, according to the method for removing oily soils from the surface of textiles, tetraethoxysilane is used as a solvent by treating them with a solvent.

Тетраэтоксисилан обладает малой токсичностью. Предельно допустима концентраци паров тетраэтоксисилана в воздухе - 0,5 мг/л, что в 50 раз Tetraethoxysilane has low toxicity. The maximum permissible concentration of tetraethoxysilane vapor in the air is 0.5 mg / l, which is 50 times

20 превышает предельно допустимую концентрацию три- или тетрахлорэтилена . Кроме того, тетраэтоксисилан сове аенно не действует на красители , которыми окрашены издели . В 20 exceeds the maximum allowable concentration of tri - or tetrachlorethylene. In addition, tetraethoxysilane does not affect the dyes with which the products are colored. AT

Claims

After 25 days of dry cleaning with air with a humidity of 50-80% and a temperature of 30-35 ° C, a durable fine micronized film of hydrolyzed tetraethoxysilane is formed on the surface of the products, which gives the products water-repellent properties without disturbing their breathability. With repeated processing, the film thickness increases insignificantly. The film strengthens the products and protects them from contamination. At the same time, the appearance of the products is improved. They become soft, comfortable to the touch. The protector ™ on the film is firmly fixed on the surface of the products and it retains multiple washings and chemical cleansings. During the processing, there is no destruction of the fibers from which the products are made. Therefore, all types of products can be subjected to processing, including; containing chlorovinyl fibers, rubberized rubber cloth, temptation, twist on suede, which are completely destroyed by treatment with perchlorethylene. Tetraethoxysilane does not destroy various types of buttons. and can be effectively used for removing fat from any kind. The boiling point of tatraethoxysilane Example. A tissue contaminated with natural and synthetic oils is placed in a vessel with tetraethoxysilane and incubated for 1-2 minutes and in case of heavy contamination for 5 minutes with stirring. Then the fabric is squeezed out in a centrifuge and dried in an air stream at ZO-ZZ C. et al.) the following: engine oil; the oil is completely removed; silicone oil; vaseline oil; vacuum oil; vacuum grease; grease; sunflower oil; margarine; butter; To determine the water-repellent properties, a fabric of flax and viscose fiber, dried at 30%. humidity, placed in a container with 100% air .vlazhnostyu and incubated for 1 hour, after which the difference weights determined tissue water absorption. The water absorption of linen fabric before treatment with tetraethoxysilane is 80%, and after treatment 30%. Water absorption of viscose fabric is 95% before treatment, and 40% after treatment. In determining the soil repellent properties, the linen and viscose fabrics are immersed in a 10% aqueous solution of soda and treated with stirring for a few minutes, then rinsed with water and dried. Grain repellent properties are characterized by the time of removal of contaminants (washes. At the same time, the time of removal of contaminants from tissues treated with tetraethoxysilane is reduced by 1.5 to 2 times compared to untreated tissue. Formula of the invention treatment with a solvent, characterized in that, in order to improve working conditions by reducing the toxicity of the solvent and improving the operational properties of the products, T Tetraethoxysilane Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. Fedorova AF Technologists of dry cleaning and dyeing of clothes, M., Easy Industry 1973, pp. 100-107, (prototype).