SU673183A3 - Polymeric composition - Google Patents

Description

(54) POLYMER COMPOSITION

 The invention relates to plasticized and stabilized compositions based on poly (vinyl chloride), intended, for example, to obtain transparent articles. PVC based compositions are known that are plasticized and stabilized against thermal decomposition caused by processing the compositions themselves or by the subsequent action of high temperatures. The known composition based on PVC, comprising as a stabilizer a mixture of salts of fatty acids mamini, zinc, calcium with polyol 1 However, these mixtures do not achieve the clarity required for some applications of the composition. Also known is comic 1O2 on the basis of PVC, including organic alkali metal salts and ester of ketoacetic acid or dehydroic acid 2. However, the resulting stabilization is unsatisfactory. The closest is the polymer composition containing poly vinyl chloride, a plasticizer, organic salts of the divalent metal and an organic β-diketone compound of the formula R, - CO-CHR - CO-R, where R / and RJ - H, alkyl or alkenyl with Cf-C , 7, aralkyl with C,, phenyl. Or a cycloaliphatic radical with Cg, moreover, RJ and R can be interrupted by an oxygen atom or replaced by a phenyl, methyl or ethyl radicals, RJ-H, alkenyl with C - Cj, which can contain groups - O -,, radical -CO-R, where R, is appl with, 3. The disadvantage of this composition is staining when exposed to high temperatures. The purpose of the invention is to reduce the colouration - a thermal treatment. G1B is introduced by the fact that the polymer composition is known, containing polyvinyl chloride, a plasticizer, organic salts of a divalent metal, organic jZ diketone compound) additionally contains a linear polyol selected from the group, including a starting x-xylitol, D-sorbitol and H - mannitol, in the following ratio of components, weight. h: Polyvinyl chloride 100 Plasticizer 5-120 Organic salts of bivalent metal 0.1-5 Organic yS -diketone compound 0.05-5 Linear polyol 0.05-1. The stabilizing system may also contain an epoxy compound, for example, an epoxy-dipped soybean oil, in an amount up to 8% by weight, h relative to the weight of the polymer. The addition of this compound improves thermal stability. In PVC-based compositions, the polymer is a homopolymer, preferably obtained by polymerization with 3 or 3 suspensions. However, polymers obtained by other methods or containing small amounts of, for example, up to 20%, other ethylenically unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with vinyl chloride, are also used in the proposed composition. Such comonomers may be, for example, vinylidene chloride, vinyl esters, maleic esters or ethylene. . For plasticization, PZH use any plasticizers, for example, phthalates, phosphates, esters of aliphatic acid, or 3 some cases of suction polyester. Four pairs of organic muds of metals are of particular interest because of their stabilizing effect: calcium or barium salts used in conjunction with calmium or zinc salts; the barium-cadmium pair is considered the most effective. However, at least equivalent results are obtained when replacing a calcium-zinc pair with a barium-cadg 1 st pair. The lack of toxicity in calcium and zinc salts makes this last pair of metals preferable. The anions of these salts are preferably selected from organic aliphatic and aromatic acids, silt fatty HacbiiieHHbsx or unsaturated acids, substituted or not. Acetates, diacetates, staarates, oleates, laurates, palmitates, benzoates, okoistearats, and 2-methylhexane noates are commonly used. The addition of these polyols does not color the resulting products and is significant, it achieves thermal stabilization, preventing yellowing. These polyols are non-toxic. Any / 3 -diketone compounds can be used individually or as a mixture. Various excipients may be added to the composition, for example, antioxidants of light, stabilizers, processing aids, such as lubricants. Great attention should be paid to the choice of these auxiliary additives in order not to impair the thermal stability. Thus, lubricants containing free hydroxyl radicals do not have a detrimental effect on thermo-. stability: 1G1 is preferred for compounds such as glycerol monostearate or propylene glycol. The compositions are prepared by any known method. Various stabilizers may be mixed with the plasticizer, either individually or, after mixing with each other, introduced into the polymer. The homogenization of the composition is carried out using a mixer or rollers and can be operated at a temperature such that the mass is liquid. This makes mixing easier. The compositions can be processed in accordance with any technique — commonly used for processing plasticized PVC composition, for example, extrusion, injection molding, calendering, molding. Examples 1-b. Mixed with a ball of m-2nl 2000 g PVC powder, having a viscosity index of 95, obtained by mass polymerization (trade name Lyukovil GB 9550), 750 g dioctyl phthalate, 10 g calcium stearate, 5 g zinc stearate. In six sandboxes with a capacity of 250 cm, containing several porcelain balls, load 70 g of the mixture obtained above (A); 0.25 g of stearoylbenzoylmethane, and respectively 0.07, O, 10, 0.15 and 0.20 g of xylitol, 0.10 g of D-adsorbite, 0.10 g of D-mannitol. Homogeneous compositions B, s, D, E, F, G are obtained. Of these compositions, as well as composition A, are prepared on a calender heated to 2.5 mm thick plates. Rectangular specimens with dimensions of 10x20 MG.1 are cut out from these plates, which are placed in a ventilated oven at 180 ° C for different times. The staining is determined by razlid1lkh.,. samples on the scaleGuard. er; WITH; ftpr-vj r.- ;; Lovibond drive. The results are shown in Table. one.

Staining index after, min

The composition

The addition of 0.5% stearoyl-Seneoylmethane and 0.2% of one of the three proposed polyols increases about 3 to 10 times the heat treatment time to obtain samples that are only slightly yellow colored.

If the amount of polyol {composition C and D) is increased, or if the amount of polyol is too small (composition B), staining appears after 30 m-in heat treatment.

Example 7 (control). Gotot composition containing 1000 g of powder of VPC with a viscosity index of 30, obtained by polymerization of the suspension, 100 g of an agent that enhances the strength of ular, which is a copolymer of butadiene, styrene and methyl methacrylates and 10 g of lubricant, which presents a wax on rosin ester base, 10 g calcium stearate, 10 zinc stearate, 30 g epoxidized soybean oil, 3 g trinonylphenyl phosphite.

56 g of sandboxes with a capacity of 250 cm are loaded with 56 g of the composition prepared above and respectively: A - 0.12 g of heptanedione - 2.4 B - 0.16 g of decandion - 2.4 V - 0.2 g of ethylcarboxylanoanide - 2.4

G - 0.21 t of 1-benzoyl octanone - 2 D - 0.15 g of 2-methyl-2-decanondio, on - 6.8.

Get homogeneous compositions And

B, c. G, L.

Of these compositions prepared on a calender heated to l75c, plates 2.5 mm thick. These plates are cut into rectangular samples of 10 X 20 m, which are placed in a drying oven, ventilated with, and the color of the samples is evaluated according to the Gardner scale. . .. The results are shown in Table. 2

,Table 1

 .

10 3 5 4 2 2

Table 2

25

thirty

If you compare the data with the table. 1, it can be seen that the addition of the claimed polyols increases the heat treatment time when, in order to obtain samples that are only slightly yellow colored.

Claims (3)

Invention Formula Polymer -composition, containing polyvinyl chloride, plasticizer, organic salts of bivalent metal and organic f -diketone compound foi-Iily —R, —CO — CO — Rj, where R, and H, alkyl or alkenyl with C, —C |,, aralkyl with C is phenyl or a cycloaliphatic radical with C, and Rj can be interrupted by atomic oxygen or swept by phenyl, methyl or ethyl radicals; Rj H, alkenyl with C, - C, which can contain, groups -O-, -Cig; the radical —CO — R, where ECH is alkyl with,, characterized in that, in order to reduce heat treatment of the painting during the heat treatment, it additionally contains a linear polyol selected from the group including D-xylitol, O-orsvit and B-macnt, the next time the components are in weight. h .: Polyvinyl chloride 100 Plasticizer 5-120 Organic salts; 0.1-5 V-valent metal Organic f-diketone compound 0.05-5 Linear polyol 0.05-1. 8 Sources of information: value, taken into account in the examination 1. US Patent 3004000, cl. 260-45.75, 1962. 2. The patent of France 1435882, cl. From 08 f 1967. 3. The patent of the USSR on the application 2306603, cl. From 08 L 27/06, 1975.