SU52409A1 - Method for preparing an iron catalyst for ammonia synthesis - Google Patents
Method for preparing an iron catalyst for ammonia synthesisInfo
- Publication number
- SU52409A1 SU52409A1 SU52409A1 SU 52409 A1 SU52409 A1 SU 52409A1 SU 52409 A1 SU52409 A1 SU 52409A1
- Authority
- SU
- USSR - Soviet Union
- Prior art keywords
- preparing
- iron
- ammonia synthesis
- iron catalyst
- temperature
- Prior art date
Links
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 16
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title description 9
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 8
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 7
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Description
Железные катализаторы дл синтеза аммиака обычно приготовл ютс или методом сжигани металлического железа в токе кислорода или электроплавкой окислов железа и руд при температуре 1550.Iron catalysts for ammonia synthesis are usually prepared either by burning metallic iron in a stream of oxygen or by electrofusing iron oxides and ores at a temperature of 1550.
Добавл емые при плавке активаторы (окиси кали , натри , магни , аммони и др.) частью раствор ютс в плаве, частью вступают в химическое соединение (типа шпинели). Однако, при этом такие окислы, как Al2O3,MgO, СаО и др. сами не плав тс , так как их температура плавлени лежит в пределах 2250-2700. Температура плавлени ЗЮз равна 1670°, в то врем , как при активировании железного катализатора кремнеземом , большое значение имеет температура плава: с повышением температуры улучшаетс и активирование . Данное вление объ сн етс тем, что при более высокой температуре и при более продолжительном плавлении окись кремни лучше распредел етс среди окислов железа.The activators (oxides of potassium, sodium, magnesium, ammonium, etc.) added during smelting partly dissolve in the melt, partly enter into a chemical compound (such as spinel). However, in this case, such oxides as Al2O3, MgO, CaO, etc. do not melt themselves, since their melting point lies in the range of 2250-2700. The melting point of the SW is equal to 1670 °, while when the iron catalyst is activated by silica, the melt temperature is of great importance: with increasing temperature, the activation also improves. This phenomenon is explained by the fact that at a higher temperature and with longer melting, silicon oxide is better distributed among iron oxides.
Автором насто щего изобретени найдено, что если вести плавку разбираемых катализаторов при температуре , превышающей температуру плавлени чистых активаторов, то последние лучше распредел ютс среди окислов железа и качество катализатора тем самым улучшаетс . Во врем плавки аммиачных железных катализаторов активаторы, обычно, плав тс при более низкой температуре вследствие растворени их в окислах железа и химического соединени с ними. Дл лучшей ассоциации активаторов температуру ужерасплавленной шихты повышают далее до указанного выше предела.The author of the present invention has found that if the melting of disassembled catalysts is carried out at a temperature above the melting point of pure activators, the latter are better distributed among the iron oxides and the quality of the catalyst is thereby improved. During the smelting of ammoniacal iron catalysts, the activators usually melt at a lower temperature due to their dissolution in the iron oxides and the chemical compound with them. For a better association of activators, the temperature of the already molten mixture is further increased to the above limit.
Пример. Приготовл етс обычным образом железный катализатор, содержащий в качестве активаторов 1,82% окиси кали и 4,0% окиси алюмини . В окислительной атмосфере при белокалильном жаре масса плавитс и далее температура повышаетс выше 1800°.Example. A conventional iron catalyst is prepared containing 1.82% potassium oxide and 4.0% alumina as activators. In an oxidizing atmosphere with white heat, the mass melts and then the temperature rises above 1800 °.
При испытании полученного таким образом катализатора при давлении газовой смеси в 300 атм. при 450° выход аммиака составл л 26,5% и при 275°-26,1%.When testing the catalyst thus obtained at a pressure of a gas mixture of 300 atm. at 450 ° ammonia yield was 26.5% and at 275 ° -26.1%.
Предмет изобретени .The subject matter of the invention.
Способ приготовлени железного катализатора дл синтеза аммиака путем плавлени , в окислительной атмосфере, железа или его окисловMethod for preparing an iron catalyst for ammonia synthesis by melting, in an oxidizing atmosphere, iron or its oxides
или того и другого вместе, с добавкой обычных активаторов, отличающийс or both together, with the addition of conventional activators, characterized by
тем, что после расплавлени всейso that after melting the whole
шихты температуру последней повышают до температуры плавлени активаторов в чистом виде.of the mixture, the temperature of the latter is raised to the melting point of the activators in its pure form.
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