SU318726A1 - PISTON PUMP - Google Patents

Description

Piston pumps for pumping cryogenic liquids are known, comprising a cylinder with a piston separating its internal space into sealed warm and cold cavities connected to one another through a regenerator, and liquid inlet and outlet valves located at the end of the cold end of the cylinder.

The purpose of the invention is to increase efficiency and reliability. This is achieved by the fact that the cold end of the cylinder is enclosed in a cooling jacket connected to the inner cavity of the cylinder through a fluid release valve, and the regenerator is made in the form of a block adjacent to the outer surface of the cylinder, in which is placed a coil that communicates with the cooling jacket. to the consumer.

The drawing schematically shows the described pump.

The pump contains cylinder 1, piston 2, regenerator 5 with built-in coil 4, automatic suction 5 and discharge 6 valves for inlet and outlet of fluid, mechanism 7 for driving pistons and cooling jacket 8. Internal volume of cylinder 1 is divided by piston into two cavities A and B Both cavities communicate with the regenerator 3, the channels 9 and 10, with each channel passing through the cooling jacket 8.

The latter is connected to a coil 4 and a nagatelny valve 6. In the cold cavity A of the cylinder, the passage of the cryogenic liquid through it is kept low

temperature. Outside, this cavity is covered with low-temperature thermal insulation 11. The ambient temperature is maintained in the heel cavity B. The drive mechanism 7 provides reciprocating movement of the piston 2 and can be performed, for example, in the form of an electromagnetic “crank-rod mechanism.

Working processes in the pump at steady state can be represented as four phases.

First phase. At the beginning of the phase, the piston 2 is in the upper end position. The cavity A of the cylinder is filled with cryogenic liquid at a pressure in vessel 12, from which

fluid must be pumped out.

When the piston moves downward, the fluid from cavity A protrudes into the regenerator, where it evaporates, and the resulting vapors are heated to a temperature close to the ambient temperature. Due to evaporation of the liquid and heating of the steam to the ambient temperature, the pressure in the cylinder is raised to the discharge pressure. The second phase. With the injection pressure, the Piston continues to move down. Upon further ejection of fluid from cavity A into the regenerator and its replacement, part of the fluid is injected through valve 6 into the cooling jacket. The phase ends when piston 2 comes to the lower end position.

Third phase. Valves 5 and 5 are closed. As the piston 2 moves upward, the gas from cavity B propels through the regenerator 3 into cavity A. In the regenerator, the gas is cooled and partially liquefied. The remainder of the steam is heated up in channels 9. Due to the liquefaction of the gas, the pressure decreases and at the end of the phase becomes equal to the suction pressure.

Fourth phase. The gas that remains in cavity B is pushed over into cavity A. As a result of gas liquefaction, liquid is sucked from vessel 12 through the opening, ice valve 5. Suction ends when the piston comes to its highest position.

Phases are repeated.

The presence of a cooling jacket and a coil, built into the regenerator, allows for the removal of heat gain through the regenerator case and cylinder, as well as to ensure complete liquefaction of gas in the third and fourth phases.

Thus, the process of increasing the pressure of a cryogenic liquid using the proposed pump is carried out due to the use of the heat of the environment. Electrical (mechanical) power expended on a piston drive is expended

only overcoming the friction of the moving parts, as well as the resistance of the regenerator 3 and channels 9 and 10. The force of the friction of the moving parts is insignificant, since there are no dense piston rings in the pump as the pressure in both cavities is the same. The resistance of the regenerator and channels 9 and 10 is also insignificant, since the speed of the piston in the pumps is small. The equality of pressures in the cavities L and B removes the rigid requirements for piston compaction, which is usually the case for mechanical pumps. This significantly increases the reliability and efficiency in the work of the proposed nation.

Subject invention

A piston pump for pumping cryogenic liquids containing a cylinder with a piston dividing its internal space into sealed warm and cold cavities connected to one another through a regenerator, and liquid inlet and outlet valves located at the end of the cold end of the cylinder, characterized in , in order to increase efficiency and reliability, the cold end of the cylinder is enclosed in a cooling jacket connected to

the internal cavity of the cylinder through the liquid discharge valve, and the regenerator is made in the form of a block adjacent to the outer surface of the cylinder in which a coil is placed, which communicates with a cooling jacket for supplying liquid to a consumer.

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