SU29974A1 - Furnace for the treatment of sulphide, oxidized and other complex ores and other materials - Google Patents

Description

The advantages of processing powdered materials without prior agglomeration, with a significantly increased productivity of the furnace, are indisputable. The tremendous increase in the reaction rate during the processing of materials in a suspended state with gaseous reducing agents will obviously make it possible to convert all metallurgical reductions of the reduction of metals from ores, concentrates and wastes to smelting in a suspended state.

However, the success of smelting in suspension is largely dependent on the correct design of the furnace, in which the process could be carried out with continuous production and on the reliability of the conditions used to eliminate significant ash of the pulverized charge.

The long-lasting reflection furnaces, which have been proposed for this purpose so far, are not very satisfactory.

The need to protect the furnace vault from destruction by liquid slag and the mixture forces the supply of furnaces to a greater angle of inclination to the bath surface, which, although it leads to some reduction in the formation, but almost nullifies all the advantages of smelting in a suspended state, since

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reduces the residence time of the charge particles in suspension.

The introduction of low-melting fluxes and borage slag to form slag rain, which helps to keep the reacted charge in the furnace, although it solves the problem of holding the charge, but can cause significant destruction of the roof and walls of the furnace with liquid slag, if the process is conducted in a conventional reflective furnace.

Large inconveniences are also caused by the precipitation of larger particles of the charge during the supply of pulverized materials by the nozzles due to a sharp change in the velocity of the particles when fed into the furnace chamber.

In addition, when the charge is fed through the end of a furnace of a conventional reflective furnace, in order to give a longer path for passing the charge particles, the furnace output is significantly limited due to the furnace’s overload in cross section.

In order to eliminate all of the above main disadvantages and create, and more favorable conditions for processing materials in a suspended state, the inventor proposes a furnace for processing materials in a suspended state.

In FIG. 1 depicts an oven

in vertical - longitudinal section; FIG. 2 is the same time for pinned ABCD in FIG. one; FIG. 3 - the same side view with a partial cut; FIG. 4 - the same ram cut along the EGFH line in FIG. 3

The furnace consists of a chamber /, circular in horizontal section, and several prechambers arranged radially towards it 2. The oven chamber has a cup-shaped bath 5, forming a common whole with inclined bottom of the prechamber.

Pre-chambers have an extension from the end walls 5, through which the fuel and pulverized charge is supplied to the furnace, in order to smoothly reduce the velocity of the charge when the nozzles are supplied at a significant supply air velocity.

In the furnace chambers, gasification of the coal charge takes place, gaseous reducing agents are formed and materials are heated to the required temperature to start slagging, and therefore there will be no significant damage to the prechamber, and even regular repairs will not cause them special difficulties.

Having passed the prechamber at a significant gas flow rate, the pulverized charge enters the chamber of a much larger volume than the conditions most favorable for the deposition of dust are created, and there is a complete possibility of sedimentation of the progression. dredged with slag rain without damage to the walls and roof of the furnace.

Counterflows of gases will inhibit the movement of dust particles, creating in the center of the furnace above the bath turbulence of gas flows and maximum conditions for reactions with the charge in a suspended state due to the intersection of the opposing jets of dusty materials.

When working on oxidized materials using a gas process, the lower part of the furnace chamber serves as a reducing zone and, if volatile metals (zinc, lead, etc.) are contained in the mixture, then evaporation and volatilization occurs in the upper part of the chamber, where the metal vapor is oxidized. and reducing gases CQiH2, etc.) by air entering through special holes. 6 in the wall of the furnace.

The metal oxides, together with the exhaust gases, leave the furnace through Hole 7 in the furnace vault at elevated speed due to an increase in the amount of gases during reburning, thus preventing the possibility of deposition of oxides on the bath and the furnace wall.

Non-volatile metals and. The slags are collected in the bath 3 of the furnace and are periodically discharged through a conventional tap-hole 8 in the furnace wall.

The furnace also provides for the heating of secondary air necessary for burning fuel and forming a gaseous CO reducing agent by cooling the furnace bottom with air entering through channel 9 and channels W formed by radially located projections 7 / through windows 12, chamber 13 and windows 14 channels 75 under the nozzles in the prechamber furnace. The secondary air is adjusted by a gate 16 at the suction well. The furnace fixture consists of an iron casing 77, which encloses the furnace chamber, which is fixed by hoops 18 above the furnace prechambers.,

A stove consisting of invert, sand bedding, concrete and chamotte floor usually rests on slabs 19 located on protrusions 77. The anchoring of conventional chambers is with I-beams 20. There are windows 27 for servicing the stove with shutters 22 on conventional rocker arms with counterweight 23. The foundation of the kiln consists of brickwork 24, which serves as a chamber for heating air, and a concrete base 25.

The furnace of the proposed design allows for significant performance, since its cross section is many times larger than the cross section of the reflective furnace and all conditions are met for dust sedimentation, gas flow turbulence, and demarcation of zones for a suspended state of the charge.

During oxidative smelting (on matte) of sulfurous ores and concentrates, favorable conditions are also created for a smooth flow of charge through the prechamber, deposition in the furnace chamber and maximum interaction with dusty air during intersection and turbulence of gas flows.

The large volume of the chamber allows for continuous removal of gases (GF3) from the sphere of interaction of the mixture with air, which largely contributes to the complete flow of oxidation reactions.

In the combined process of burning, reduction, and, if necessary, oxidation of the vapors of volatile metals, the furnace allows for a strict demarcation of zones, and intense furnace calcination of materials occurs at the furnace chambers when exposed to high temperature and water vapor introduced with the fuel.

Finally, the furnace when processing low-grade coals, shtyb and sip. in a suspended state, it will be possible, under appropriate conditions, to have very intensive gasification and, when eliminating the air suction, to work, as a special gas generator, on liquid slags.

If necessary, the furnace allows the gasification of low-grade fuel and the processing of waste and low-grade ores containing non-ferrous metals at the same time to produce oxides of volatile metals, matte, cuprous or strained cast iron or liquid cream slag,; suitable for making slag wool or pavers.

In a constructive relationship, the furnace is also not difficult, and can easily be carried out even without the use of bricks of particular dimensions.

The subject matter of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. Furnace for the treatment of sulphide, oxidized and other polymetallic ores, concentrates and other materials, at. introducing into the furnace the material in a pulverized state, and the fuel in a pulverized, liquid or gaseous, for conducting reducing, oxidizing and combined Melting, characterized in that it consists of a circular chamber 7 and radially arranged to 1; 1, several, for example, six pre-chambers 2, which serve to inject the charge and fuel through the end walls 5. 2. The form of the furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the pre-chambers 2 in horizontal section have the form of a trapezoid, adjacent a wide base to the melting space of the furnace, and the bottom of the chambers is integral with the furnace hearth. 3. The form of the furnace according to claims 1.2, characterized by the arrangement of special holes 6 for introducing air and 7 for exhausting gases, in order to distinguish the reducing zone at the bottom of the furnace melting space from the oxidizing one at the top. 4. Video change of the furnace device according to items 1-3, characterized by the use of an air-heating chamber 9, 10, 11 in the hearth of the furnace and channels / 2, / 5, 14 and / 5, which serve to feed heated air into the pre-chamber 2. fig1