SU1618320A1 - Device for removing soil impuruties from elongeted-shape root and tuber crops - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to agricultural machinery. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of separation and productivity. A device for separating soil impurities from elongated root and tuber crops consists of an external conveyor with a mesh surface and an internal bar conveyor. Between the lower branches of these conveyors a window is installed for the removal of impurities. The outer conveyor belt is made in the form of a grid with holes of regular hexagonal shape and at a distance from the inner one equal to 0.5 ... 0.65 R, where R is the radius of the circle inscribed in the hexagon. A heap of root crops and impurities enters the external conveyor. Impurities, as shorter components of the heap as compared to the root crops, pass through the holes and lie on the inner conveyor, and the roots either hang or sink into the holes of the outer conveyor. When approaching the arcuate section, long roots protruding from the cell are dropped, and soil clumps are removed. 8 h. apt. 13 il. 1C

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular for the separation of impurities from elongated root crops, mainly sugar beets or carrots.

The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of separation and productivity.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the device; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 shows a section BB in FIG. one; in fig. 4 and 5 are embodiments of conveyor belts; in fig. 6 - conveyor bar in FIG. four; in fig. 7 - conveyor bar in FIG. five; in fig. 8 - section GG in FIG. four; in fig. 9 is a section DD in FIG. four; in fig. 10 is a section E - E in FIG. five; in fig. 11 is a kinematic diagram of the device, side view;

tfa of FIG. 12 - the same, top view; in fig. 3 node connection fixed and mobile device frame.

The device consists of an external conveyor-1, formed by curly rods 2 of circular cross-section, articulated with each other and attached to the ends of the traction elements 3. The traction elements envelop the driving 4 and the driven 5 elements. A device 6 for loading a pile is installed on the side of the slave elements, and a device 7 for unloading the root-and-vegetable crops on the side of the leaders. To prevent the heap from scattering, the upper branch of the outer conveyor is enclosed from the sides with visors 8. Inside the outer -. : -. Straight linear bars 10, attached copS5

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tsami to traction elements 11, enveloping the leading 12 and driven 13 elements.

Between the lower branches of the belts covering 1 and covered 9 conveyors is placed a screw 14 with a casing 15 having a discharge port 16 for taking soil impurities out of the device. The casing of the screw is provided with rollers 17, bending around the lower branch of the belt of the external conveyor.

The belt of the external conveyor 1 is run out, but, resting on the upper branch of the internal conveyor, protrude from the cells in a significant part.

When approaching the unloading end of the device, the roots and soil clumps from the rectilinear section of the movement are transferred to the arcuate, where the roots, as longer objects protruding from the cells, are dropped onto the shipping device 7 and diverted, and the soil clumps are dumped from the hingedly interconnected They are widened into the widening gap between the top-bent zigzag-shaped rods 18 with a bend angle of 120 °, at the vertices of which the rods are pivotally connected by bridges 19 with a length equal to the side of the resulting polyhedron. The rods 20 can be trapezoidally curved with corners at a base of 120 ° and pivotally connected links 21 along this base, while the base of the trapezium is equal to the lateral sides.

them branches of the outer and inner conveyors, formed by bending them leading elements.

The soil lumps fall on the lower branch of the external conveyor and fall through the openings of the cellular grid, and those that fail to fall into the screw 14 and are removed from the device.

Depending on the working conditions (the device contains two frames - the base and the dimensional characteristics of the computational 22, inside which the movable frame 23 is mounted, is fixed on the uprights 24. ha The brackets 25 of the fixed frame on the bearings 26 have the shafts 27 of the leading 4 and the driven 5 elements heap) optimization of the workflow is achieved by adjusting the gaps h and h and synchronizing the movement of the belts of the external and internal conveyors. Synchronization can be done in three

thirty

35

The outer conveyor belt 1. Racks 24 and 25 versions: the translational speeds of the belts to the frame 22 are fastened with bolts installed in the elongated holes 28, allowing the moving frame 23 to be moved in the horizontal plane, adjusting the clearance h.

The movable frame 23 by the beams 29 is fixed with bolts installed in the oblong holes 30 of the uprights 24, which allows the movable frame to be moved in a vertical plane, adjusting the gap h.

A drive shaft 32 with driving elements 12, a driven shaft 33 with driven elements 13 of the inner conveyor 9, and a drive shaft 34 with driving sprockets 35 driving the outer conveyor 40 with internal ribbons and sprockets 36 driving the internal a conveyor which transmits rotation to the sprocket 37. The rotation of the shaft 34 is performed by the sprocket 38.

The screw 14 with the housing 15 and the rollers 17 is attached to the frame 22 on the brackets. On the 4 shaft of the screw there is an asterisk 39, which receives rotation from the asterisk 40 mounted on the shaft 34.

The device works as follows.

A mixture of root and tuber crops with soil 50 lumps on the loading device 6 is fed to the upper branch of the conveyor 1. Soil lumps, as the shorter heap components, as compared to the root crops, pass through the hexagonal openings of the external and internal transporters, the speed of the external conveyor is greater or less than the speed of the internal.

Claims (9)

Invention Formula 1. A device for separating soil impurities from elongated root crops, containing endless conveyor belts installed one into another, loading and unloading devices, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of separation and productivity, the external tape is made in the form of a grid with holes of a regular hexagonal forms, and the distance h between the outer and inner / g is 0, 5 ... 0.65 R, where R is the radius of the circle inscribed in hexagon at the same time, the unloading device is made in the form of a screw placed between the lower branches of the tapes. 2. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the tapes are provided with an individual drive. 3. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the gaps between the working surfaces of the tapes are made adjustable. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ribbon netting is made of sharti and lies on the upper branch of the internally interconnected figuratively renne conveyor, and root crops or bent rods. hang on the lattice of the upper branch of the outer 5. The device according to PP. 1 and 2, different his conveyor, or fall into the hole-the fact that the rods are made zigzag, but, leaning on the upper branch of the internal conveyor, protrude from the cells of a significant part. When approaching the unloading end of the device, the roots and soil lumps from the rectilinear section of the movement are transferred to the arcuate, where the roots, as longer objects protruding from the cells, are dropped onto the shipping device 7 and diverted, and the soil lumps are dumped into the widening slot between the upper branches of the outer and inner conveyors formed when they bend around the leading elements. The soil lumps fall on the lower branch of the external conveyor and fall through the openings of the cellular grid, and those that fail to fall into the screw 14 and are removed from the device. Depending on the working conditions (composition and dimensional characteristics of the components of the pile), optimization of the working process is achieved by adjusting the gaps h and h and synchronizing the movement of the belts of the external and internal conveyors. Synchronization can be done in three options: translational speeds of tapes options: translational speeds of tapes with ribbons external and internal conveyors are equal, the speed of the external conveyor is greater or less than the speed of the internal one. Invention Formula 1. A device for separating soil impurities from elongated root crops, containing endless conveyor belts installed one into another, loading and unloading devices, characterized in that, in order to improve separation quality and productivity, the external tape is made in the form of a grid with holes of a regular hexagonal forms, and the distance h between the outer and inner ribbons , 5 ... 0.65 R, where R is the radius of the circle inscribed in hexagon at the same time, the unloading device is made in the form of a screw placed between the lower branches of the tapes. 2. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the tapes are provided with an individual drive. 3. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the gaps between the working surfaces of the tapes are made adjustable. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ribbon netting is made of HINGED interconnected figuratively Noah forms with a bend angle of 120 ° and are connected by bridges, the length of which is equal to the side of the bend. 6. The device according to PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that the rods are made trapezoidally curved with an angle at the base of 120 ° and are connected pivotally along this base. 7. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer tape is perforated. 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner belt is made in the form of a bar conveyor. 9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner belt is made in the form of a belt conveyor with a corrugated working surface. eight H 17 15 14 FIG. 2 five 15 U lj lj ii Figm & -F- v FIG. 7 18 at 20 FIG. 6  nineteen eleven FIG. YU about CN CO 00 3 x- hh “V) J 24 22 FIG. 13