SU1676503A1 - Heap separator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular, machines for post-harvest processing of heaps with a high content of non-grain components. The purpose of the invention is to reduce the loss of grain. The heap separator includes an air-inertia chamber 4 located above the transport board 11, a throwing device 1, a curved duct 7 equipped with a lock valve 8, a fan 10, wind-cleaning with a fan 16, a grain 17 and a large-scale 18 augers. The separator works as follows. A pile of throwing device 1 is thrown into the pneumo-inertia chamber 4, where under the influence of the air flow, a heavier part of the pile (spikelets, grains) is oriented with the long axis in the direction of the air flow. Following this, the particles fall onto the transformer board 11 and are oriented in such a way that separation process is more intensive. A light part of the pile in the curved duct 7 enters the lower knee, where the grain enters the air lock and the chaff is taken out of the fan 10. 1 c.p. f-ly, 1 ill. (Ls

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to machines for post-harvest processing of heaps with a high content of non-cereal components.

The purpose of the invention is the reduction of grain losses.

The drawing shows a heap separator.

The heap separator consists of a throwing device 1, made in the form of a beater, a separating grill 2 with the ends of the fingers bent upward, air flow guides 3, a pneumatic inertia separation chamber 4 bounded by walls 5 and 6, a curved duct 7, a lock gate 8 with a grill 9, a fan 10. transport board 11, upper sieve 12, extension cord 13, lower sieve 14, pitched board 15, wind-sieve cleaning fan 16, grain 17 and spike 18 augers. The pneumatic inertia chamber 4 is located above the transport board 11.

The separator works as follows.

Grain heap containing grain, floor and straw particles is fed to the throwing device 1, captured by its blades and thrown into the separation chamber 4 with high speed, the grain and also part of the straw particles of the heap having a large mass have a high inertia force and , flying an aerodynamic field, settle on a transport board 11.

The air flow created by the fan 3 does not take these particles, but during the flight the straw particles in the aerodynamic field change their orientation, being located along the long axis in the direction of the air flow. The transport board 11 changes the orientation of the straw particles by the long axis in the plane of its oscillation, which coincides with the direction of oscillation of the sieves 12 and 14, i.e. provides straw particles to the sieve with their necessary orientation. Particles having a small mass (floor, split straw, etc.) have a small inertia force, are easily captured by the air flow created by the fan 10, and are taken out of the separator through a curved duct 7.

When throwing a heap into the aerodynamic field, grain and small impurities fly between the fingers of the separation lattice, and large straw particles are inhibited by the tips of the fingers bent upwards and are more easily taken by air flow into the air duct 7. Concentration is provided by guides 3.

When transporting the heap allocated in the chamber of pneumatic inertial separation 4 through the duct 7, in the lower elbow, the grain is released by inertia into the airlock 8 and is thrown onto the front of the upper sieve 12. In this case, large straw particles slide off over the grate 9. which protects the airlock from clogging . The remaining components of the heap are discharged through the fan 10 by air flow.

'The part of the heap entering the transport board 11 descends to the upper sieve 12, where the grain and small part of the heap are sifted to the lower sieve 14, and the unfrozen ears and large impurities enter the extension 13. The unfrozen ears wake up and enter the ear screw 18, and straw goes downhill.

The mass fed to the lower sieve 14 is further cleaned. The grain wakes up through the lower sieve and enters the grain auger 17 through a sloping board 15, and unselected, previously not threshed ears and other large impurities go immediately and enter the spike auger 13, which feeds the spike heap to the hammer.

On sieves 12 and 14, the heap is additionally cleaned of light impurities by an air stream pumped by fan 16.

The refined grain with a grain auger 17 is fed to subsequent transporting bodies.

Claims (2)

Claim 1. A heap separator, including a throwing device made in the form of a beater and installed above the transport board, a fan with a curved duct, in the lower knee of which there is a grill, wind-screen cleaning, characterized in that, in order to reduce grain losses, it is equipped with a pneumatic inertia chamber located above the transport board, a window is made in the bottom wall of the curved duct above the inertia chamber, and air flow guides are installed at the inlet of the inertia chamber, while under atelnym isolation device is set up grating with curved ends of the fingers. 2. A heap separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the curved duct is equipped with a lock gate installed under the grill in the lower elbow of the duct.