SU1528355A1 - Method of preplanting treatment of strawberry seedlings - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture, fruit production and concerns the production of healthy seedlings of earthlings free from phytohelminths, including stem nematodes. The aim of the invention is to simplify the method and reduce labor costs. Seedlings are recommended to be harvested in the summer, and before its water heat treatment, which is used to destroy the phytohelminths, to subject the plants to hardening under conditions simulating drought. Plants can be hardened before harvesting seedlings by covering the soil with a film to overheat it and stop refreshing irrigation until the plant leaves turgor. After heat treatment, the plants are kept for 2–3 days in the dark at a temperature from 0 to –2 ° C. 2 hp f-ly, 3 tab.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular, to fruit growing, and concerns obtaining healthy seedlings of landowners free from phytohelminths, including stem nematodes.

The aim of the invention is to simplify the method and reduce labor costs.

Seedlings of the earthlings are freed from phytohelminths, including stem mamate;), by water heat treatment of plants.

It has been established that pre-hardening of the seedlings of earthlings in refrigeration units does not allow the plants to be freed from the stem nematode, if the seedlings are harvested in the summer. However, the energy costs of hardening seedlings with cold can be denied and the method of preparing the seedlings for planting can be simplified if the plants are hardened during the summer period with conditions simulating drought. Such hardening is more convenient to perform before harvesting seedlings when the eiue plants are in the soil.

It is possible to imitate drought conditions by covering the soil with a film to overheat it and stop refreshing watering of the plants before harvesting the seedlings, which simultaneously reduces labor costs.

In order for the heat-treated plants not to die, it is recommended to withstand them for 2-3 days in the dark at temperatures from 0 to -2 ° C.

Example. On the uterine plot, the cultivators of the variety Yasna in early spring carried out mulching of the soil in rows with synthetic black film. At the end of July - the beginning of August, when a significant part of the sockets took root, the systematic refreshing irrigation was stopped, which was carried out to reduce the temperature under the film and to humidify the air above it. An indicator of extremum conditions that have a hardening effect is lost by plant leaves, i.e. decrease in water content of tissues. At this time, the seedlings were separated, subjected to water heat treatment at 48–50 ° C for 15 minutes, and then the plants were immersed for a short time in a 0.4% solution of benlate, having a temperature of

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5-10 ° C. After that, the plants were kept in a refrigerator at a temperature of (-2) -0 ° C for 2-3 days and planted in the disinfected soil under artificial fog conditions. In parallel, water heat treatment was carried out on the plants of the earth tillers selected from the unsulphated, regularly irrigated part of the mother liquor, and after heat treatment, they were planted without aging in the dark and cold into the decontaminated soil under conditions of artificial fog.

The results are shown in Table. 1, from which it follows that this method yields 56.7% of the rooted plants, 88.4% of which are completely free of stem nematodes.

From the data table. 1 it also follows that the water thermal treatment of plants not hardened by the proposed method allows to obtain 1000.0,533.0,221 118 healthy adherent plants per 1 thousand of initial ones (see the first row of Table 1), while processing plants by this method (see the sixth row of Table 1), this indicator is 1000.0.884.0.567 501 healthy adherent plants per 1 thousand of initial ones. We studied the effect of the treatment conditions of seedlings with cold after its heat treatment.

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In tab. Figure 2 presents data on the effect of the conditions of seedling aging after heat treatment on its survival rate.

In tab. Figure 3 presents data on the effect of the duration of keeping seedlings in the cold on its survival rate.

The results are shown in Table. 2 and 3 suggest that seedling aging at the temperature from 0 to -2 ° C for 2-3 days is optimal.

Claims (3)

1. The method of preplant treatment of seedlings of earthlings, including hardening of plants, their heat treatment and subsequent cooling, characterized in that, in order to simplify and reduce labor costs, seedlings are harvested in summer, and hardening is carried out by keeping plants in conditions simulating drought up to the loss of the plant leaf mt. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the hardening of the plants is carried out before harvesting the seedlings. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling of the seedlings is carried out in the dark for 2-3 days at a temperature of from 0 to -2 ° C. iS 50 3J -8 zi zi 15 10 13 15 1U 13 94, E 9B 2 Bsg.na thermal processing by a known method (without hardening and without germination of seedlings in cold and dark after heat treatment) 98.0U, 1 33.3 33.3 33.3 1st, 3 23.8 22.1 9.8 13.811.8 98.0 138118 99.199.2 73.3 70.0 71.7 3.3 2.7 17.3 9.7 13.212.3 97.0 132123 10 and 100 1UO 100 100 O 1.7 0.9 O 1.7 0.9 About 179 According to the proposed method (with pre-hardening under drought conditions and holding pacca.lbi in cold and dark after heat treatment 93.0 95.0 43, J 3.3 43.3 8B, / Sfc, 7 86.7 37.3 37.3 37.5 373 373373 98.3 98.3 3b, 7 30.0 33, bb, / ЬЬ, 3 77.3 37.8 34.2 36.0 3 UZ 342360 99.9 99.9 90.0 86, / b8, h 32.5 b0.8, hs, 7 4 /, 30 32.730.1 473327301 Table Table The temperature of exposure in cold and dark for Ji day hardened drought seedlings after heat treatment (at 50 ° C about / 15 min), ° С (-5) - (-3) (-2) - O (by this method) 1 - 7 5-7 8-10 No overhead known method Table3 The duration of exposure in the cold at (-2) and dark hardened seedlings after heat treatment (at 50 ° C 15 min), days The survival rate of seedlings,% No excerpt by a known method one 2 3 four 6 8 1U 16.3 35.6 54.5 58.9 49.6 27.5 16.7 12.2