SU1521686A1 - Device for loosening frozen and consolidated materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, namely to construction equipment, and can be used for loosening frozen and compacted materials in cars and gondola cars. The purpose of the invention is to increase productivity and efficiency by expanding the range of stepless adjustment of operating modes. The device contains a guide frame 1 with supporting beams 2, along the guides of which the intermediate plate 3 moves in a vertical direction with a vibration exciter arranged on it, made in the form of a hydraulic cylinder 4. An additional piston 5 is installed in the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 4 the piston rod 6 of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is pivotally connected to the additional plate 7 with pins. The main piston rod 6 is pivotally connected to the main plate 8 with pins. In the piston cavity 9 formed by the hydraulic cylinder body 4 and the main piston 6, and in the rod end 10 formed by the hydraulic cylinder body 4 and the additional piston 5, compression springs 11 are placed. The cavity 12 between the main 6 and additional 5 pistons communicates with the source through pipe 13 pulsating pressure. With increasing pressure, the main piston 6 together with the main plate 8 moves upward, compressing the upper spring 11. At the same time, the additional piston 5 together with the additional plate 7 moves downward, compressing the lower spring 11. When the pressure drops, the pistons return to their initial state. The pins attached to the plates have an inward movement and intensively loosen the material. 1 il.

Description

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the guide frame 1 with support beams 2 is installed, along the guides of which the intermediate plate 3 moves in a vertical direction with a vibration exciter arranged on it made in the form of a hydraulic cylinder 4. An additional piston 5 is installed in the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 4, the brush of which extends outside the rod the main piston 6 of the hydraulic cylinder 4 and is hingedly connected to the additional plate 7 with pins. The main piston rod 6 is hinged to the main plate 8 with pins. In the porous cavity 9 formed by the cylinder body 4 and the main piston 6, and in the rod cavity 10 formed by the housing of the hydraulic cylinder 4 and additional pressure 5, compression springs 11 are placed. The cavity 12 between the main 6 and additional 5 through the LZ pipeline is connected with a source of pulsating pressure. When the pressure increases, the main plate 6 together with the main plate 8 moves upwards, compressing the upper spring 11. At the same time, the auxiliary piston 5 together with the additional plate 7 moves downwards, compressing the lower spring 11. When the pressure drops, the pistons return to their initial state. The pins fixed on the plates have a counter movement and intensively loosen the material. 1 il.

The invention relates to building systems, namely to construction equipment, and can be used for loosening frozen and compacted materials found, for example, in railcars and open wagons.

The purpose of the invention is to increase productivity and efficiency by expanding the range of stepless adjustment of operating modes.

The drawing shows the device, a general view.

The device contains a guide frame 1 with supporting beams 2, along the guides of which the intermediate plate 3 moves in a vertical direction with a vibration exciter arranged on it, made in the form of a hydraulic cylinder 4. An additional piston 5 is installed in the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 4 the piston rod 6 of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is pivotally connected to the additional plate 7 with pins. The main piston rod 6 is pivotally connected to the main plate 8 with pins.

In the piston cavity 9 formed by the housing of the hydraulic cylinder 4 and the main piston 6, and the rod end 10 formed by the housing of the hydraulic cylinder 4 and the additional piston 5, springs 11 are placed. The cavity 12 between the main 6 and the additional 5 pistons through the pipe 13 communicates with the source 14 of the pulsating pressure, made, for example, in the form of a pulsating valve.

The device works as follows.

The fluid flow from the pump of constant capacity through the pulsating valve enters the cavity 12 between the main 6 and additional 5 pistons. With this

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by increasing the pressure, the main piston 6 moves upwards, compressing the upper spring 11 and lifting the main plate 8 with the pins of the main tool. At the same time, the additional piston 5 moves downwards. In this case, the lower spring 11 is also compressed, and the additional plate 7 with plugs is buried in the loosened material. When the system reaches a pressure equal to the pressure setting of the pulsator valve, cavity 12 communicates Q with the drain. Under the action of compressed springs 11, the main piston 6 is moved down, the main plate 8 with pins is sunk, and the additional piston 5 is stirred up, lifting the additional plate 7 with pins. Further, the process is improved. Adjustment of an operating mode of -. there is a pulsator valve.

The device also makes it possible to almost completely isolate the intermediate plate, and hence the base machine, from vibration. This is achieved due to the fact that the housing of the vibration exciter — the housing of the hydraulic cylinder during operation (cycle of operation of the device) remains stationary, since the forces acting on it within the working stroke of the main and additional plates are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction and the magnitude of the deformation of the springs 11, and therefore cannot cause the displacement of the body within the working stroke.

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Claims (1)

Invention Formula A device for loosening frozen and compacted materials, containing support beams, a guide frame fixed on them, an intermediate plate with fastening elements to the base tool, mounted with a possibility of movement along the frame in the vertical plane, the working member, which includes a spring-loaded compression down relative to the intermediate plate, a main plate with pins and a spring-loaded compression spring up an additional plate with pins, located on the sides of the main plate, an exciter, characterized in that . With increased productivity and efficiency by expanding the range of infinitely variable modes of operation, the exciter is installed on the intermediate plate it is made in the form of a hydraulic cylinder with the main and additional pistons and the corresponding rods, with them, the main stem being hinged connected to the main plate and covered by an additional piston and its rod, which is pivotally connected to an additional plate, said springs are placed in the cylinder cavities above the main and the fifth additional pistons, and the cavity between The pistons are connected to a source of pulsating pressure.