SU1456033A1 - Method of planting potato bulbs - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to potato cultivation technology. The purpose of the invention is to increase the yield due to more efficient use of fertilizers. Tuber laying is done in open furrows 5–7 cm deep and covered with a layer of soil of 1-3 cm. When they appear on the tubers, fertilizers are distributed along the furrows and covered with soil. 4 il., 1 tab .;

Description

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This invention relates to potato toiling technology and can be used in agriculture.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the yield due to more efficient use of fertilizers.

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the placement of potato tubers in a furrow; in fig. 2 - scheme of closing the tubers with a small layer of soil; in fig. 3 is a diagram of the distribution of fertilizers along the furrow; in fig. 4 is a diagram of closing the furrows with soil.

The method is carried out as follows.

Potatoes are planted at the same time as early grain crops, first on light and then on heavy soils. In a previously prepared field, using known technical means in soil 1 (Fig. 1), form a furrow 2, the depth of which is three diameters of tubers on light soils and two diameters on heavy ones.

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After being transported, the planting material is delivered to the field and the tubers 3 are placed in furrow 2 with all kinds of existing potato planters. Simultaneously with the laying of the tubers 3 in the furrow 2, the tubers 3 are filled with a small layer 4 of soil (Fig. 2), the thickness of which is 1-3 cm.

When 80-100% of tubers of 3 potatoes of root 5 are introduced (usually 25–35 days), fertilizers 6 are applied, distributed along furrow 2 (Fig. 3), after which the latter is covered with soil 7 (Fig. 4). The furrow 2 is closed with soil 7 by means of existing typical hillocks.

Example. Tubers of the Charivnyts variety potato are loaded into the CH-4B-1 potato planter. Tuber is laid in furrows made in sod-podzolic loamy soil. The furrow depth is 5-7 Cm, and the soil temperature at the furrow depth

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1456033

ABOUT - . At the same time, the tubers fall asleep with a small layer of soil (1–3 cm thick).

At the root on tuber roots (29 days after tuber laying), the presence of which is determined by ot-. dripping tubers from the soil, fertilizing with the help of ground equipment brand NRU-0.5. As a fertilizer, nitroammofosku (S RchtKp) is used, which is applied in the amount of 2 kg / ha. Then the furrows are covered with a layer of soil 4–5 cm1 thick. During the growing season, 15 three inter-year cares and two sprays against the Colorado potato beetle are carried out. . Yields are determined by simple combination.

Fertilizer distribution in closed potato plants with a small distribution of fertilizer concentrations does not exceed the osmosis of the root cells and which contributes to the dissolution of the fertilizer in the hall zone, along with moisture. Besides, the distribution during the appearance of roots of florets leads to a significant degree of leaching. fertilization with microorganisms. All this means improved biological development of the root.

The table shows the comparative-20 potato yield,

fertilizer at the potato tuber planting stage when the furrows are closed. The distribution of fertilizers over tubers covered with a small layer of soil, 7 means that the concentration of the soil solution does not exceed the osmotic pressure of the root cells and does not burn them, which contributes to the dissolution of the fertilizers and their penetration into the root zone as moisture enters. In addition, the distribution of fertilizers when roots are growing on tubers of potatoes significantly reduces the degree of leaching of fertilizer and their use by microorganisms and weeds. All this greatly improves the biological fact; ora, the influence - on the development of the root system and

experimental data on the effectiveness of the known and proposed methods of planting potato tubers.

The proposed method at the stage from tuber laying to furrowing (approximately 25-35 days) accelerates the physiological and biochemical processes in the tubers, as well as aerating, warming the soil in the tuber bedding area, activating the microbiological processes in it and increasing the root system of potatoes, which significantly increases the yield. This contributes to a large extent to the formula.

The method of planting potato tubers, which includes fertilizing and laying the tubers into an open furrow, simultaneously filling the soil with a layer of 1-3 cm and then closing the furrow with soil, characterized in that, in order to increase the yield due to more efficient use of fertilizer, fertilizers are spread along the furrow before its closure with soil when appearing on the club roots.

figure 1

Editor I. Shulla

Compiled by L. Kvardakova Tehreh I.odanich

Order 7499/1

Circulation 618

VNIIPI State Kokmtet on inventions and discoveries at the State Committee on Science and Technology of the USSR 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, 4/5 Raushsk nab.

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Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4

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Proofreader L. Pilipenko

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Claims (1)

Claim The method of planting potato tubers, including fertilizing and laying the tubers in an open furrow with simultaneous filling with a layer of soil 1-3 cm and subsequent closure of the furrow. by soil, characterized in that, in order to increase productivity due to more efficient use of fertilizers, fertilizers are distributed along the furrow before soil is closed when roots appear on the tubers. Way Average volume Number of cous Productivity landing root system Comrade for cleaning. c / ha threads, see ^e / bush thousand pieces on ha 137 10.8 Known figure 1