SU1218279A2 - Arrangement for heat treament of chemical products - Google Patents

Description

one .

The invention relates to the thermal development of ore and nonmetallic raw materials with a iiuCTHOCTH to the design of furnaces for firing dispersed temperature-sensitive materials, and can be used in the firing and melting of materials that are sensitive to combustion by the products of incomplete combustion of fuels and is an advanced cooling device known in the art. .sv. f 846958.

The business of the invention is the enhancement of the Emission of the cleaning of gas emissions and the operational reliability of devices.

Fig. 1 shows a device for heat treatment of chemical products; general view; Fig. 2 - section A-A in Fig.1; on fig.Z - razz times bb in fig.I; FIG. 4 is a diagram of the overhaul period of the device; FIG. 5 is a diagram of the content of pulp particles in the flue gases.

A device for heat treatment of chemical products consists of a furnace, a distributor 2 and a tank 3.

The furnace 1 contains a cyclone chamber 4 and a mixing chamber 5. The distributor 2 has apertures 6, the diameter of which increases in the direction of the gas flow, and the tank 3 - the flange 7, the gas outlet pipe 8 and the nozzle 9 of the product mass.

The cyclone chamber 4 is made of a housing 10 enclosed in a metal shell II, between which there is an air gap 12 for the passage of air, it contains a combustion chamber 13, a firing chamber 14, a port I5 with a central opening and a diffuser 16.

The combustion chamber 13 is equipped with a photograph 17 for supplying fuel, tangential nozzles 18 of the primary air connected to the gap 12,

The firing chambers 14 are equipped with shaped tuyeres 19, which contain a nozzle -20 for supplying air and a nozzle 23 for supplying the product, separated by a meridor aerean 22.

The smecery chamber 5 has nozzles 23 and is ejected by a diffuser 24, which is connected to a distributor 2 o.

Equation 7 omkosti 3 is made so that it “eLays the angle with the horizon

18279g

fl

30-45 and its cross section is narrowed as it advances towards the fitting 9 of the product viewport.

The distributor 2 is set to

5 of the expanded part of the bottom 7 and its edge is beveled parallel to the bottom.

The gas outlet pipe 8, which serves to reduce the emission of pulp particles into the atmosphere, includes gas intake devices. 25, the discharge pipe 26, the fitting 27, the discharge of the solution and the flange 28.

Device for heat treatment of chemical products

15 as follows.

The combustion chamber 13 enters the fuel through the nozzle 17, and through the tangential nozzles 18 enters the air from the air gap 12. The number nor

20 air flow is regulated.

The fuel is burned with a coefficient of excess air I, 03– 1.03, which ensures high efficiency of the combustion process and high temperature of the torch. The products formed from the combustion chamber 13 enter the firing chamber 14 through the central opening in the partition 15. The latter also controls the time

30 staying fuel in the combustion chamber 13. This is carried out as follows.

From the air gap 12 through the receiving window in the wall of the partition 15 air enters the cavity, and from there into the central hole. The amount of air supplied is regulated by the devices, which contributes to high-quality combustion of the fuel as it burns 13.

In the firing chamber 14, the material to be heat treated and the air are tangentially injected. Their entry is carried out through the nozzles 20 and 21

 figured tuyeres I9.

The air serves to protect the furnace lining from abrasive wear, cooling the furnace lining and pushing away the lining of aggressive gases, and

5 also protects the lining against scaling.

Air is introduced between the layer of material and the furnace lining at a higher speed and relatively low temperature. The air must spread over the entire surface of the furnace lining, so the nozzles 20 are made of a special shape.

35

during heat treatment of heat-sensitive materials, i.e. materials whose calcination temperature and the initial melting point are close to each other, for example, boron-containing pyAj, fusion of the surface layers of the particle is observed.

In contact with the porous surface of the hot lining, the low-melting particles of the product stick to it with their melted surface and form a nastily lining on the lining of the furnace, fill the working space of the firing chamber 14, disrupt the thermal and hydrodynamic conditions of the furnace and disable it. The stove must be stopped for repairs.

In the firing chamber 14, heat treatment of boron-containing ore with flue gases with a temperature of 1800 ° C is performed. Such a temperature allows the fuel to be burned. minimum coefficients of excess air, which leads to an increase in partial pressure: - lazy COj in flue gases. An increase in partial pressure in flue gases up to 15% makes them suitable for use in the further technological cycle of treatment of calcined boron-containing ore,. However, at high flue gas temperatures, the particles of the bridging ore are melted outside, not having time to go through a phase transition in the core, contact each other, are sintered, or are transformed into a glassy carbon dioxide-soluble form, and the utilization rate of the raw material decreases.

To eliminate this phenomenon, boron-containing ore is calcined in the presence of water vapor, which promotes hydrothermal extraction of the ore and prevents the ore particles from going into the glassy form.

Diffuser 16 adjusts the residence time of the product being processed in the firing chamber 14 by increasing or decreasing the amount of air entering its central opening, which regulates the strength of the obstacle overcome by the flow of heat treatment products.

From the firing chamber 14, heat treatment products, such as a datolite concentrate, along with the gases through the diffuser 16 enter the mixing chamber 5. Throughout the entire height

2182794

measures 5 tiepea nozzles 23 are supplied with a refrigerant that mixes with the heat treatment products, cools them to 90-95, condenses the water vapor, contributes to the rapid cooling of the product particles.

During condensation (and water vapor), an increase in the partial pressure of gases COj in the products of the thermal treatment takes place, which makes them suitable for further processing.

From the mixing chamber 5, the calcined and cooled product, the cooled gas with a curved COj concentration, the heated refrigerant through the diffuser 24 enters the distributor 2 and through the openings 6 into the tank 3, In the tank 3 there is a layer of pulp consisting of the refrigerant and the calcined product . The distributor 2 is placed in the pulp layer so that the upper row of its openings overlaps the pulp. The further removed

25 the hole from the pulp mirror is, the larger it is. With an increase in the distance from the pulp mirror to the axis of the hole 6, the hydraulic resistance of the pulp increases, therefore, in order to ensure a uniform yield of heat treatment products throughout the depth of the pulp layer, the sizes of the holes increase.

A uniform yield of heat treatment products throughout the depth is necessary for thorough mixing of the stream withdrawn from the distributor 2 from the pulp to the tank 3.

With uniform distribution and thorough mixing, it improves the contact of the pulp with the gas phase of the heat treatment products, increases the amount of COg gas that has reacted with the spec, improves the technological performance of the neper process.

5 working calcined ore.

The bottom 7 of the tank 3 is made on: cloned to the horizon at an angle of 30-45. At one end of the bottom 7, the distributor 2 is brought out, the other end of the bottom 7

50 is equipped with a fitting 9 for product withdrawal. The edge of the distributor 2 is also made with a bevel 30-45 and is installed parallel to the bottom 7.

Such an implementation of the bottom 7 and the edge

55 distributor 2 is necessary for liver high operational reliability of the device. Angle 30-45 - the angle of repose of many sy35

40

If the angle of inclination of the day to the horizon from the distributor 2 to the fitting 9 is taken to be less than 300, then the deposition of nporv of the duct on the bottom of the refrigerator capacity occurs. Product deposits gradually increase. The container overlaps, then overlaps the holes 6 of the distributor 2, the living section of the holes .6 decreases, the hydraulic resistance increases, the heat treatment products do not have time to be removed from the furnace 1, the furnace load drops, it must be stopped for repairs.

The diaphragm (Fig. 4) explains the dependence of the overhaul of the device depending on the angle of inclination of the device 7 to the horizon.

If the angle is made 45, the volume of the container 3 decreases, which will lead to a decrease in the volume of the pulp in it and the time of contact of the heat treatment products with the pulp.

The rail 7 is narrowed from the distributor 2 towards the choke 9. This is done so that the settled particles are directed to the choke 9 and their deposition on the bottom 7 is eliminated. The addition of the distributor 2 to the parallel bottom 7 also prevents the deposition of solid particles on the bottoms 7 and facilitates their transportation to the fitting 9.

When the gaseous heat treatment products (baking gases) pass through the pulp mirror, they capture pulp particles with them.

In these particles there is water, dissolved chemicals, finely dispersed solid particles of the product, the removal of these particles beyond

2500 2500

1850-1900 1850-1900

0

five

0

five

0

five

devices are highly undesirable, as they occur due to environmental pollution and a reduction in the utilization rate of raw materials.

The gas intake device 25 is made in the form of tangential nozzles. The baking gases, having passed through the mirror of the pulp, carried its particles with it. B. These particles contain water, chemicals, fine particles of the product. Together with the discharge of gases, the pulp particles enter the gas intake devices 25, which are made in all-tangential nozzles, and acquire centrifugal rotation. The velocity of the firing gases in the intake devices 25 is 20–20–30 m / s, as a result of which, under the action of centrifugal forces, the pulp particles are thrown onto the walls of the gas inlet pipe and along its walls through the nozzle. 27 draining solution comes under the mirror of the pulp, into the pulp layer. Such an arrangement of the nozzle 27 of the solution drains makes it possible for devices, such as flashing lights, sluice gates, etc., to prevent the venting pipe from getting into it from baking gases besides gas intake devices 25. The dried baking gases through the discharge pipe 26 are output outside the device. Fig. 5 shows the content of pulp particles in the flue gases when they are discharged through the gas outlet pipe of known I and the proposed design 2.

The table shows the indicators of the known and proposed devices for the heat treatment of chemical products.

Indicators

Vmeb gas furnace,

The temperature of the flue gases before entering the flue pipe, C

Gas velocity in the gas outlet pipe, m / s

The intensity of the increase in the capacity of the refrigerator with the product, h (stopping the machine for cleaning)

The content of the pulp in the gases outside the device; mg / m

Thus, the equipment of the gas discharge pipe by tangential nozzles and a fitting for draining the solution of the pulp produced below the mirror, making the bottom of the chaldron's container inclined to the horizon at an angle of 30-45 °, and performing the distributor with a sloping A4A at an angle of 3012182798

Table continuation

Type of dryer Known 1 Offered

12,000

12,000

80-90

80-90

10-15

20-30

16-24

Not required

2500-2000

100-150

The 45 ° end, installed parallel to the bottom in its wide part, made it possible to reduce the pulp content in the flue gases removed by the device by 1850-2400 mg / m and to increase the operating temperature.

devices and ensure it isn’t:

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Fi9.1

FIG. 2

6-6

(pvz.J

Z shifts

15

30 FIG. A

45- jff

2500

2000

Editor I. Segl Nick

WOO2500 d, MB / fi

5

Compiled by T. Lepahnna

Tehred L. Komarnitska Proofreader V. But ha

Order .1126 / 51 Circulation 561 Subscription

VNIIG1I USSR State Committee

for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5

Branch PPP Patent, Uzhgorod, Project.A, A

Claims (3)

". · DEVICE FOR THERMAL PROCESSING OF CHEMICAL PRODUCTS by ed. P 846958, which means that, in order to increase the efficiency of gas emissions cleaning and operational reliability, the gas discharge pipe is equipped with tangential nozzles and a solution discharge nozzle, the bottom of the refrigerator’s tank is made with inclined Iodine at an angle of 30–45 ° to the horizontal, and the end of the distributor with bevel 30-45 °. 2. The device according to π. I., which entails that the discharge nozzle of the solution is located in the pulp layer. 3. The device according to π. 1, about t l and - characterized in that the bottom of the refrigerator capacity is made tapering towards the outlet fitting of the product. .12