SK395A3 - Graft copolymers of unsaturated monomers and sugars, process for producing the same and their use - Google Patents
Graft copolymers of unsaturated monomers and sugars, process for producing the same and their use Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- SK395A3 SK395A3 SK3-95A SK395A SK395A3 SK 395 A3 SK395 A3 SK 395A3 SK 395 A SK395 A SK 395A SK 395 A3 SK395 A3 SK 395A3
- Authority
- SK
- Slovakia
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- water
- weight
- graft copolymers
- copolymers according
- Prior art date
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- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 title abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- -1 unsaturated sulphuric acid ester Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000007870 radical polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 26
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- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
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- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
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- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-AQKNRBDQSA-N D-glucopyranuronic acid Chemical compound OC1O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-AQKNRBDQSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IAJILQKETJEXLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Galacturonsaeure Natural products O=CC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O IAJILQKETJEXLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
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- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 150000002762 monocarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- XHZPRMZZQOIPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C XHZPRMZZQOIPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003926 acrylamides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001521 polyalkylene glycol ether Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-ene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC=C UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 150000003009 phosphonic acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonic acid Chemical class OS(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 82
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 72
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- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 26
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 26
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- UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC=C UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycidyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1CO1 VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
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- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000434 metal complex dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HVAMZGADVCBITI-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent-4-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC=C HVAMZGADVCBITI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000867 polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
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- FBCQUCJYYPMKRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC=C FBCQUCJYYPMKRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001922 sodium perborate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JLWIYRHQZQOVPD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;1-(prop-2-enoylamino)butane-2-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCC(S([O-])(=O)=O)CNC(=O)C=C JLWIYRHQZQOVPD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IZXHPYDBFMESHF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;1-(prop-2-enoylamino)propane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCC(S([O-])(=O)=O)NC(=O)C=C IZXHPYDBFMESHF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KKVTYAVXTDIPAP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;methanesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CS([O-])(=O)=O KKVTYAVXTDIPAP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxidooxy(oxo)borane Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]OB=O YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012085 test solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIYBQIKDCADOSF-ONEGZZNKSA-N trans-pent-2-enoic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C\C(O)=O YIYBQIKDCADOSF-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
- D06P5/02—After-treatment
- D06P5/04—After-treatment with organic compounds
- D06P5/08—After-treatment with organic compounds macromolecular
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/04—Acids; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F251/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L51/00—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L51/02—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to polysaccharides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D151/00—Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D151/02—Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers grafted on to polysaccharides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D17/00—Pigment pastes, e.g. for mixing in paints
- C09D17/004—Pigment pastes, e.g. for mixing in paints containing an inorganic pigment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
- C11D3/3788—Graft polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C3/00—Tanning; Compositions for tanning
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/52—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing synthetic macromolecular substances
- D06P1/5207—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Macromonomer-Based Addition Polymer (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4221381A DE4221381C1 (de) | 1992-07-02 | 1992-07-02 | Pfropf-Copolymerisate von ungesättigten Monomeren und Zuckern, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung |
| PCT/EP1993/001642 WO1994001476A1 (fr) | 1992-07-02 | 1993-06-26 | Copolymeres greffes de monomeres insatures et de sucres, leur procede de fabrication et leur utilisation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SK395A3 true SK395A3 (en) | 1995-07-11 |
Family
ID=6462114
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SK3-95A SK395A3 (en) | 1992-07-02 | 1993-06-26 | Graft copolymers of unsaturated monomers and sugars, process for producing the same and their use |
Country Status (37)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (5) | US5580941A (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP0648234B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2820320B2 (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR100284638B1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN1048259C (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE184887T1 (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU669191B2 (fr) |
| BG (1) | BG62005B1 (fr) |
| BR (1) | BR9306659A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2138769C (fr) |
| CZ (1) | CZ281718B6 (fr) |
| DE (2) | DE4221381C1 (fr) |
| DK (1) | DK0648234T3 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2137263T3 (fr) |
| FI (1) | FI946207A0 (fr) |
| GR (1) | GR3032073T3 (fr) |
| HU (1) | HU216164B (fr) |
| IL (1) | IL106100A (fr) |
| JO (1) | JO1753B1 (fr) |
| LT (1) | LT3047B (fr) |
| LV (1) | LV10784A (fr) |
| MA (1) | MA22917A1 (fr) |
| MD (1) | MD1028C2 (fr) |
| MX (1) | MX9303979A (fr) |
| MY (1) | MY109196A (fr) |
| PH (1) | PH30935A (fr) |
| PL (1) | PL176218B1 (fr) |
| RO (1) | RO111935B1 (fr) |
| RU (1) | RU2126020C1 (fr) |
| SI (1) | SI9300359A (fr) |
| SK (1) | SK395A3 (fr) |
| TN (1) | TNSN93070A1 (fr) |
| UA (1) | UA41328C2 (fr) |
| UY (1) | UY23607A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1994001476A1 (fr) |
| YU (1) | YU45693A (fr) |
| ZA (1) | ZA934655B (fr) |
Families Citing this family (202)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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| DE4303448A1 (de) * | 1993-02-05 | 1994-08-11 | Henkel Kgaa | Gerüststoff für Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel |
| DE4332849A1 (de) * | 1993-09-27 | 1995-03-30 | Henkel Kgaa | Pastenförmiges Waschmittel |
| DE4343993A1 (de) * | 1993-12-22 | 1995-06-29 | Stockhausen Chem Fab Gmbh | Pfropf-Copolymerisate von ungesättigten Monomeren und Polyhydroxyverbindungen, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung |
| DE4344029A1 (de) * | 1993-12-23 | 1995-06-29 | Grillo Werke Ag | Copolymerisate ungesättigter Carbonsäuren, Verfahren zur Herstellung und ihre Verwendung |
| DE4415623A1 (de) * | 1994-05-04 | 1995-11-09 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von Pfropfpolymerisaten von monoethylenisch ungesättigten Dicarbonsäuren auf hydrierten Sacchariden als Zusatz zu Wasch- und Reinigungsmitteln |
| DE4417919A1 (de) * | 1994-05-24 | 1995-11-30 | Henkel Kgaa | Klarspülmittel mit biologisch abbaubaren Polymeren |
| GB9411079D0 (en) * | 1994-06-02 | 1994-07-20 | Unilever Plc | Detergent composition |
| DE4422433A1 (de) | 1994-06-28 | 1996-01-04 | Cognis Bio Umwelt | Mehrenzymgranulat |
| DE4439679A1 (de) * | 1994-11-07 | 1996-05-09 | Henkel Ecolab Gmbh & Co Ohg | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Wasch- und Reinigungsmitteltabletten durch Mikrowellen- und Heißluftbehandlung |
| DE19500644B4 (de) * | 1995-01-12 | 2010-09-09 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Sprühgetrocknetes Waschmittel oder Komponente hierfür |
| DE19501269A1 (de) | 1995-01-18 | 1996-07-25 | Henkel Kgaa | Amorphes Alkalisilikat-Compound |
| DE19503116A1 (de) * | 1995-02-01 | 1996-08-08 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von wasserlöslichen gepfropften Naturstoffen als Additiv für Geschirrspülmittel |
| DE19515072A1 (de) * | 1995-04-28 | 1996-10-31 | Cognis Bio Umwelt | Cellulasehaltiges Waschmittel |
| DE59607860D1 (de) * | 1995-05-19 | 2001-11-15 | Ciba Sc Holding Ag | Multifunktioneller Waschrohstoff |
| DE19521695A1 (de) * | 1995-06-14 | 1996-12-19 | Sandoz Ag | Polymerisate, deren Herstellung und Verwendung |
| DE19525378A1 (de) * | 1995-07-12 | 1997-01-16 | Henkel Kgaa | Amorphes Alkalisilicat-Compound |
| DE19533790A1 (de) * | 1995-09-13 | 1997-03-20 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines amorphen Alkalisilikats mit Imprägnierung |
| DE19535082A1 (de) | 1995-09-21 | 1997-03-27 | Henkel Ecolab Gmbh & Co Ohg | Pastenförmiges Wasch- und Reinigungsmittel |
| DE19646484C2 (de) * | 1995-11-21 | 2000-10-19 | Stockhausen Chem Fab Gmbh | Flüssigkeitsabsorbierende Polymere, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung |
| DE19545729A1 (de) | 1995-12-08 | 1997-06-12 | Henkel Kgaa | Bleich- und Waschmittel mit enzymatischem Bleichsystem |
| DE19600018A1 (de) | 1996-01-03 | 1997-07-10 | Henkel Kgaa | Waschmittel mit bestimmten oxidierten Oligosacchariden |
| DE19600466A1 (de) * | 1996-01-09 | 1997-07-10 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur Herstellung von granularen Wasch- oder Reinigungsmitteln bzw. Komponenten hierfür |
| DE19605688A1 (de) * | 1996-02-16 | 1997-08-21 | Henkel Kgaa | Übergangsmetallkomplexe als Aktivatoren für Persauerstoffverbindungen |
| WO1997036986A1 (fr) | 1996-04-01 | 1997-10-09 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Detergents contenant des complexes activateurs a base d'oligoammine pour composes de peroxy |
| DE19620411A1 (de) | 1996-04-01 | 1997-10-02 | Henkel Kgaa | Übergangsmetallamminkomplexe als Aktivatoren für Persauerstoffverbindungen |
| DE19614565A1 (de) * | 1996-04-12 | 1997-10-16 | Henkel Kgaa | Verwendung von Asparaginsäure-haltigen Polymeren in mit Bioziden versetzten Kühlkreisläufen |
| DE19616693A1 (de) * | 1996-04-26 | 1997-11-06 | Henkel Kgaa | Enolester als Bleichaktivatoren für Wasch- und Reinigungsmittel |
| DE19636035A1 (de) | 1996-09-05 | 1998-03-12 | Henkel Ecolab Gmbh & Co Ohg | Pastenförmiges Wasch- und Reinigungsmittel |
| ES2218632T3 (es) | 1996-12-21 | 2004-11-16 | Clariant Gmbh | Componente pulverulento de agentes de lavado y limpieza. |
| DE19703364A1 (de) | 1997-01-30 | 1998-08-06 | Henkel Ecolab Gmbh & Co Ohg | Pastenförmiges Wasch- und Reinigungsmittel |
| DE19709411A1 (de) | 1997-03-07 | 1998-09-10 | Henkel Kgaa | Waschmittelformkörper |
| DE19713852A1 (de) | 1997-04-04 | 1998-10-08 | Henkel Kgaa | Aktivatoren für Persauerstoffverbindungen in Wasch- und Reinigungsmitteln |
| DE19725508A1 (de) | 1997-06-17 | 1998-12-24 | Clariant Gmbh | Wasch- und Reinigungsmittel |
| DE19732750A1 (de) | 1997-07-30 | 1999-02-04 | Henkel Kgaa | Glucanasehaltiges Reinigungsmittel für harte Oberflächen |
| DE19732749A1 (de) | 1997-07-30 | 1999-02-04 | Henkel Kgaa | Glucanasehaltiges Waschmittel |
| DE19732751A1 (de) | 1997-07-30 | 1999-02-04 | Henkel Kgaa | Neue Beta-Glucanase aus Bacillus |
| US6200498B1 (en) | 1997-08-29 | 2001-03-13 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Process for producing paraffin-containing foam regulators |
| DE19750618A1 (de) * | 1997-11-14 | 1999-05-20 | Basf Ag | Pigmenthaltige Zubereitungen auf der Basis wässriger Polymerisatdispersionen |
| GB9725828D0 (en) * | 1997-12-06 | 1998-02-04 | Albright & Wilson Uk Ltd | Fabric treatment and polymeric compositions therefor |
| DE19801186A1 (de) | 1998-01-15 | 1999-07-22 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur Herstellung gefärbter Wasch- und Reinigungsmittel |
| DE19807805A1 (de) | 1998-02-26 | 1999-09-02 | Henkel Kgaa | Tensidkombination, enthaltend spezielle anionische Tenside |
| US6291594B1 (en) | 1998-03-24 | 2001-09-18 | National Starch And Chemical Investment Holding Corporation | Textile sizes containing anhydride based graft copolymers |
| DE19819187A1 (de) | 1998-04-30 | 1999-11-11 | Henkel Kgaa | Festes maschinelles Geschirrspülmittel mit Phosphat und kristallinen schichtförmigen Silikaten |
| DE19824705A1 (de) | 1998-06-03 | 1999-12-09 | Henkel Kgaa | Amylase und Protease enthaltende Wasch- und Reinigungsmittel |
| DE19857687A1 (de) | 1998-12-15 | 2000-06-21 | Henkel Ecolab Gmbh & Co Ohg | Pastenförmiges Waschmittel |
| DE19858888A1 (de) * | 1998-12-19 | 2000-06-21 | Henkel Kgaa | Verhinderung von Ablagerungen |
| DE19858886C2 (de) | 1998-12-19 | 2002-10-31 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Tensidgranulate |
| US5962400A (en) * | 1998-12-22 | 1999-10-05 | National Starch And Chemical Investment Holding Corporation | Amino acid copolymers having pendent polysaccharide moieties and uses thereof |
| DE19904513A1 (de) | 1999-02-04 | 2000-08-10 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Detergensgemische |
| DE19914811A1 (de) | 1999-03-31 | 2000-10-05 | Henkel Kgaa | Enzym- und bleichaktivatorhaltige Wasch- und Reinigungsmittel |
| DE19918188A1 (de) | 1999-04-22 | 2000-10-26 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Reinigungsmittel für harte Oberflächen |
| DE19919785A1 (de) * | 1999-04-30 | 2000-12-07 | Wella Ag | Haarbehandlungsmittel mit Polymeren aus ungesättigten Sacchariden, ungesättigten Saccharidsäuren oder deren Derivaten |
| EP1194523B1 (fr) | 1999-07-09 | 2005-11-30 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien | Portion de detergent ou nettoyant |
| DE19936613B4 (de) | 1999-08-04 | 2010-09-02 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Waschmittels mit löslichem Buildersystem |
| DE19939538A1 (de) | 1999-08-20 | 2001-02-22 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Verzweigte, weitgehend ungesättigte Fettalkoholpolyglycolether |
| DE19939565A1 (de) | 1999-08-20 | 2001-02-22 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Verzweigte, weitgehend ungesättigte Fettalkoholsulfate |
| DE19944218A1 (de) | 1999-09-15 | 2001-03-29 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Waschmitteltabletten |
| US6686327B1 (en) | 1999-10-09 | 2004-02-03 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg | Shaped bodies with improved solubility in water |
| US6610752B1 (en) | 1999-10-09 | 2003-08-26 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Defoamer granules and processes for producing the same |
| DE19953792A1 (de) | 1999-11-09 | 2001-05-17 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Waschmitteltabletten |
| DE19956802A1 (de) | 1999-11-25 | 2001-06-13 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Waschmitteltabletten |
| DE19956803A1 (de) | 1999-11-25 | 2001-06-13 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Tensidgranulate mit verbesserter Auflösegeschwindigkeit |
| DE19962886A1 (de) | 1999-12-24 | 2001-07-05 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Tensidgranulate mit verbesserter Auflösegeschwindigkeit |
| DE19962883A1 (de) | 1999-12-24 | 2001-07-12 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Waschmitteltabletten |
| DE19962859A1 (de) * | 1999-12-24 | 2001-07-12 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Feste Waschmittel |
| DE19962885A1 (de) * | 1999-12-24 | 2001-07-05 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Wasch- und Reinigungsmittelformkörper mit verbesserten Zerfallseigenschaften |
| DE10002009A1 (de) * | 2000-01-19 | 2001-07-26 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Tensidgranulate |
| DE10003124A1 (de) | 2000-01-26 | 2001-08-09 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Tensidgranulaten |
| DE10004677A1 (de) * | 2000-02-03 | 2001-08-09 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Tensidmischung mit Fettalkoholalkoxylaten aus pflanzlichen Rohstoffen |
| DE10005017A1 (de) * | 2000-02-04 | 2001-08-09 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Duftstofftabletten |
| DE10012949A1 (de) | 2000-03-16 | 2001-09-27 | Henkel Kgaa | Kieselsäureester-Mischungen |
| DE10018812A1 (de) | 2000-04-15 | 2001-10-25 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von nichtionischen Tensidgranulaten |
| DE10019344A1 (de) | 2000-04-18 | 2001-11-08 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Wasch- und Reinigungsmittel |
| DE10019405A1 (de) | 2000-04-19 | 2001-10-25 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Waschmittelgranulaten |
| WO2001088075A1 (fr) * | 2000-05-09 | 2001-11-22 | Unilever Plc | Polymeres eliminant les salissures et compositions de detergents de blanchisserie les contenant |
| CA2339074A1 (fr) * | 2000-05-18 | 2001-11-18 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Produits de revetement contenant des paillettes metalliques et possedant un eclat accru |
| GB2364065A (en) * | 2000-06-28 | 2002-01-16 | Procter & Gamble | Fabric treatment composition |
| DE10031619A1 (de) | 2000-06-29 | 2002-01-10 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Tensidgranulate mit verbesserter Auflösegeschwindigkeit |
| DE10031620A1 (de) | 2000-06-29 | 2002-01-10 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Flüssigwaschmittel |
| DE10038845A1 (de) * | 2000-08-04 | 2002-02-21 | Henkel Kgaa | Teilchenförmig konfektionierte Acetonitril-Derivate als Bleichaktivatoren in festen Waschmitteln |
| DE10044472A1 (de) | 2000-09-08 | 2002-03-21 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Waschmittel |
| DE10044471A1 (de) | 2000-09-08 | 2002-03-21 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Waschmittel |
| DE10046251A1 (de) | 2000-09-19 | 2002-03-28 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Wasch- und Reinigungsmittel auf Basis von Alkyl- und/oder Alkenyloligoglycosiden und Fettalkoholen |
| DE10058645A1 (de) | 2000-11-25 | 2002-05-29 | Clariant Gmbh | Verwendung von cyclischen Zuckerketonen als Katalysatoren für Persauerstoffverbindungen |
| DE10063762A1 (de) | 2000-12-21 | 2002-06-27 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Nichtionische Tenside |
| US6642338B2 (en) | 2000-12-22 | 2003-11-04 | Basf Corporation | Water-based acrylic emulsion dispersants utilized as grind resins for pigments and method of preparing the same |
| DE10102248A1 (de) | 2001-01-19 | 2002-07-25 | Clariant Gmbh | Verwendung von Übergangsmetallkomplexen mit Oxim-Liganden als Bleichkatalysatoren |
| DE10105801B4 (de) | 2001-02-07 | 2004-07-08 | Henkel Kgaa | Wasch- und Reinigungsmittel umfassend feine Mikropartikel mit Reinigungsmittelbestandteilen |
| AU2002246051A1 (en) * | 2001-03-02 | 2002-09-19 | Unilever Plc | Soil release polymers and laundry detergent compositions containing them |
| DE10113334A1 (de) * | 2001-03-20 | 2002-09-26 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Quartäre Tenside |
| DE10118270A1 (de) * | 2001-04-12 | 2002-10-17 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Wasch- und Reinigungsmittelformittelkörper mit verbesserten Zerfallseigenschaften |
| DE10120263A1 (de) * | 2001-04-25 | 2002-10-31 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Feste Tensidzusammensetzungen, deren Herstellung und Verwendung |
| GB0117768D0 (en) * | 2001-07-20 | 2001-09-12 | Unilever Plc | Use of polymers in fabrics cleaning |
| EP1438346A1 (fr) | 2001-10-22 | 2004-07-21 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien | Polymeres a base d'urethanne facilitant l'elimination des taches sur les textiles en coton |
| DE10163281A1 (de) * | 2001-12-21 | 2003-07-03 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Wasch- und reinigungsaktive Zubereitungen, enthaltend feste granuläre nichtion ische Tenside |
| DE10163856A1 (de) | 2001-12-22 | 2003-07-10 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Hydroxymischether und Polymere in Form von festen Mitteln als Vorcompound für Wasch-, Spül- und Reinigungsmittel |
| FR2837209B1 (fr) * | 2002-03-13 | 2004-06-18 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | Utilisation de copolymers a blocs portant des fonctions phosphates et/ou phosphonates comme promoteurs d'adhesion ou comme agents de protection contre la corrosion d'une surface metallique |
| US20050119151A1 (en) * | 2002-04-10 | 2005-06-02 | Konstanze Mayer | Textile cleaning agent which is gentle on textiles |
| DE10217356B4 (de) | 2002-04-18 | 2012-03-29 | Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh | Lösung für die Peritonealdialyse |
| BRPI0312075B8 (pt) * | 2002-06-25 | 2016-09-13 | Rhodia | método para enxerto de um monômero insaturado em um polissacarídeo. |
| US7448556B2 (en) | 2002-08-16 | 2008-11-11 | Henkel Kgaa | Dispenser bottle for at least two active fluids |
| DE10257387A1 (de) | 2002-12-06 | 2004-06-24 | Henkel Kgaa | Mehrkomponenten-Flüssigwaschmittel |
| US20050215449A1 (en) * | 2002-11-20 | 2005-09-29 | Josef Penninger | Textile care product |
| DE10257389A1 (de) | 2002-12-06 | 2004-06-24 | Henkel Kgaa | Flüssiges saures Waschmittel |
| GB0229146D0 (en) * | 2002-12-13 | 2003-01-15 | Unilever Plc | Polymers and laundry detergent compositions containing them |
| GB0229147D0 (en) * | 2002-12-13 | 2003-01-15 | Unilever Plc | Polymers and laundry detergent compositions containing them |
| DE10351321A1 (de) * | 2003-02-10 | 2004-08-26 | Henkel Kgaa | Verstärkung der Reinigungsleistung von Waschmitteln durch eine Kombination von Cellulosderivaten |
| JP4519122B2 (ja) | 2003-02-10 | 2010-08-04 | ヘンケル・アクチェンゲゼルシャフト・ウント・コムパニー・コマンディットゲゼルシャフト・アウフ・アクチェン | 水溶性ビルダー系および汚れ解離性セルロース誘導体を含んでなる漂白剤含有洗濯または洗浄剤 |
| DE10351325A1 (de) | 2003-02-10 | 2004-08-26 | Henkel Kgaa | Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel mit wasserlöslichem Buildersystem und schmutzablösevermögendem Cellulosederivat |
| DE502004001801D1 (de) * | 2003-02-10 | 2006-11-30 | Henkel Kgaa | Bleichmittelhaltiges waschmittel mit baumwollaktivem schmutzablösevermögendem cellulosederivat |
| ATE350447T1 (de) * | 2003-02-10 | 2007-01-15 | Henkel Kgaa | Erhöhung der wasseraufnahmefähigkeit von textilien |
| JP2006517245A (ja) * | 2003-02-10 | 2006-07-20 | ヘンケル・コマンディットゲゼルシャフト・アウフ・アクチエン | 発泡調節剤としてのセルロース誘導体の使用 |
| DE502004003950D1 (de) * | 2003-02-10 | 2007-07-12 | Henkel Kgaa | Verstärkung der reinigungsleistung von waschmitteln durch cellulosederivat und hygroskopisches polymer |
| DE10311852A1 (de) * | 2003-03-17 | 2004-10-14 | Henkel Kgaa | Textilbehandlungsmittel |
| DE10334047A1 (de) * | 2003-07-25 | 2005-02-24 | Clariant Gmbh | Adsorbat aus Schichtsilicat und seine Verwendung |
| DE10338070A1 (de) | 2003-08-19 | 2005-03-17 | Henkel Kgaa | Auf Substratoberflächen aufziehende Mittel |
| DE10354561A1 (de) | 2003-11-21 | 2005-07-14 | Henkel Kgaa | Lösliches Buildersystem |
| DE102004007860A1 (de) * | 2004-02-17 | 2005-09-15 | Henkel Kgaa | Spenderflasche für Flüssigwaschmittel, die aus mindestens zwei Teilzusammensetzungen bestehen |
| DE102004016497B4 (de) * | 2004-04-03 | 2007-04-26 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Granulaten und deren Einsatz in Wasch- und/oder Reinigungsmitteln |
| DE102004018790B4 (de) | 2004-04-15 | 2010-05-06 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Wasserlöslich umhüllte Bleichmittelteilchen |
| EP1747259A1 (fr) * | 2004-05-17 | 2007-01-31 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien | Agent de lavage comprenant un complexe de metal de transition qui renforce le blanchiment et est produit eventuellement in situ |
| DE102004024816A1 (de) * | 2004-05-17 | 2005-12-15 | Henkel Kgaa | Bleichverstärkerkombination für den Einsatz in Wasch- und Reinigungsmitteln |
| US20060264346A1 (en) * | 2005-05-19 | 2006-11-23 | Sullivan Mary K | Timed-release cleansing and/or treatment formulation and method for making and using the same |
| DE102005026522B4 (de) | 2005-06-08 | 2007-04-05 | Henkel Kgaa | Verstärkung der Reinigungsleistung von Waschmitteln durch Polymer |
| DE102005026544A1 (de) | 2005-06-08 | 2006-12-14 | Henkel Kgaa | Verstärkung der Reinigungsleistung von Waschmitteln durch Polymer |
| ITMI20051324A1 (it) * | 2005-07-12 | 2007-01-13 | Isagro Spa | Miscele nutrizionali ad elevata ed incrementata efficacia |
| US7666963B2 (en) * | 2005-07-21 | 2010-02-23 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Hybrid copolymers |
| US9109068B2 (en) * | 2005-07-21 | 2015-08-18 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Hybrid copolymer compositions |
| DE102005039580A1 (de) | 2005-08-19 | 2007-02-22 | Henkel Kgaa | Farbschützendes Waschmittel |
| WO2007053564A2 (fr) | 2005-10-31 | 2007-05-10 | Cabot Corporation | Colorants modifiés et compositions d'encre pour impression par jet d'encre comprenant les colorants modifiés |
| DE102005062268A1 (de) * | 2005-12-24 | 2007-08-02 | Henkel Kgaa | Pulverförmige Stylingmittel und deren Spendersysteme |
| DE102006011087A1 (de) * | 2006-03-08 | 2007-09-13 | Henkel Kgaa | Aminoalkyl-Gruppen enthaltende Wirkstoffträger auf Silizium-Basis |
| DE102006012018B3 (de) | 2006-03-14 | 2007-11-15 | Henkel Kgaa | Farbschützendes Waschmittel |
| DE102006018344A1 (de) * | 2006-04-19 | 2007-10-31 | Henkel Kgaa | Umhüllte Imidoperoxocarbonsäureteilchen |
| WO2007134614A1 (fr) * | 2006-05-18 | 2007-11-29 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Lessive protégeant les couleurs |
| US20080021167A1 (en) * | 2006-07-21 | 2008-01-24 | National Starch And Chemical Investment Holding Co | Sulfonated graft copolymers |
| US20080020961A1 (en) * | 2006-07-21 | 2008-01-24 | Rodrigues Klin A | Low Molecular Weight Graft Copolymers |
| US8674021B2 (en) | 2006-07-21 | 2014-03-18 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Sulfonated graft copolymers |
| US20080021168A1 (en) * | 2006-07-21 | 2008-01-24 | National Starch And Chemical Investment Holding Corporation | Low molecular weight graft copolymers |
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1992
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1993
- 1993-06-17 PH PH46371A patent/PH30935A/en unknown
- 1993-06-22 IL IL106100A patent/IL106100A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-06-23 LT LTIP699A patent/LT3047B/lt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-06-25 UY UY23607A patent/UY23607A1/es not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-06-25 MY MYPI93001241A patent/MY109196A/en unknown
- 1993-06-26 HU HUP9403635A patent/HU216164B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-06-26 DE DE59309800T patent/DE59309800D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-06-26 JP JP6502884A patent/JP2820320B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-06-26 AU AU45012/93A patent/AU669191B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1993-06-26 ES ES93914735T patent/ES2137263T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-06-26 PL PL93307024A patent/PL176218B1/pl unknown
- 1993-06-26 UA UA95018051A patent/UA41328C2/uk unknown
- 1993-06-26 CA CA002138769A patent/CA2138769C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-06-26 RO RO94-02135A patent/RO111935B1/ro unknown
- 1993-06-26 BR BR9306659A patent/BR9306659A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-06-26 DK DK93914735T patent/DK0648234T3/da active
- 1993-06-26 SK SK3-95A patent/SK395A3/sk unknown
- 1993-06-26 WO PCT/EP1993/001642 patent/WO1994001476A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 1993-06-26 EP EP93914735A patent/EP0648234B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-06-26 RU RU94046365A patent/RU2126020C1/ru active
- 1993-06-26 US US08/362,436 patent/US5580941A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-06-26 AT AT93914735T patent/ATE184887T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-06-26 CZ CZ943323A patent/CZ281718B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-06-26 KR KR1019940704846A patent/KR100284638B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 1993-06-30 YU YU45693A patent/YU45693A/sh unknown
- 1993-06-30 MA MA23221A patent/MA22917A1/fr unknown
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- 1993-07-01 JO JO19931753A patent/JO1753B1/en active
- 1993-07-02 SI SI9300359A patent/SI9300359A/sl unknown
- 1993-07-02 TN TNTNSN93070A patent/TNSN93070A1/fr unknown
- 1993-07-02 CN CN93109533A patent/CN1048259C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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1994
- 1994-07-14 MD MD94-0202A patent/MD1028C2/ro unknown
- 1994-12-28 BG BG99295A patent/BG62005B1/bg unknown
- 1994-12-30 FI FI946207A patent/FI946207A0/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
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1996
- 1996-09-13 US US08/713,538 patent/US5854191A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 1997-04-04 US US08/832,965 patent/US5847065A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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