SE452422B - Electrode for welding consisting of a powder-filled mantle of a low-carbon containing steel - Google Patents
Electrode for welding consisting of a powder-filled mantle of a low-carbon containing steelInfo
- Publication number
- SE452422B SE452422B SE8604640A SE8604640A SE452422B SE 452422 B SE452422 B SE 452422B SE 8604640 A SE8604640 A SE 8604640A SE 8604640 A SE8604640 A SE 8604640A SE 452422 B SE452422 B SE 452422B
- Authority
- SE
- Sweden
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- powder
- molybdenum
- vanadium
- ferro
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001309 Ferromolybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001200 Ferrotitanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 21
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- -1 flux Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 3
- ZLANVVMKMCTKMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanidylidynevanadium(1+) Chemical class [V+]#[C-] ZLANVVMKMCTKMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- INZDTEICWPZYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(chloromethyl)-4-[4-(chloromethyl)phenyl]benzene Chemical compound C1=CC(CCl)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(CCl)C=C1 INZDTEICWPZYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000997 High-speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001844 chromium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000051 modifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003681 vanadium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/368—Selection of non-metallic compositions of core materials either alone or conjoint with selection of soldering or welding materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/3601—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with inorganic compounds as principal constituents
- B23K35/3602—Carbonates, basic oxides or hydroxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/3601—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with inorganic compounds as principal constituents
- B23K35/3603—Halide salts
- B23K35/3605—Fluorides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/3601—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with inorganic compounds as principal constituents
- B23K35/3608—Titania or titanates
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
Description
15 20 25 30 35 452 422 [J :ß " 'nu 2 insmälta tillsatsmaterialet uppvisar förhållandevis dåliga skäregenskaper, på grund av att grafit-, vanadin- och molybdenhalten i elektroden icke är tillräckligt hög. The molten filler material has relatively poor cutting properties, due to the fact that the graphite, vanadium and molybdenum content in the electrode is not high enough.
Uppfinningstanke Det huvudsakliga syftet med föreliggande uppfinning är att åstadkomma en elektrod i trådform med en sådan sammansättning, som garanterar att det med denna elektrod insmälta tillsatsmaterialet uppvisar hög beständighet i rödglödgat tillstànd, hög slitbeständighet och goda skäregenskaper.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The main object of the present invention is to provide an electrode in wire form with such a composition, which guarantees that the filler material fused with this electrode exhibits high resistance in the red-annealed state, high wear resistance and good cutting properties.
Detta syfte uppnås enligt föreliggande uppfinning medelst en elektrod i tràdform för s k pâsvetsning av ett slitbeständigt skikt på skärverktyg, vilken består av en mantel av stål med låg kolhalt och en kärna i form av ett pulver, som innehåller grafit. marmor, flusspat, krom, molybden, vanadin, kisel, mangan och titan, varvid elektroden i trådform enligt föreliggande uppfinning utmärker sig av att pulvret dessutom innehåller s k perovskitkoncentrat, under det att kromet, molybdenet, vanadinet, kislet, manganet och titanet i pulvret i elektrodens kärna ingår i form av respektive ferrolegeringar, varvid samtliga beståndsdelar ingår i följande halter i viktprocent: grafit 0,8 - 1,4 % marmor 0,5 - 2,3 % flusspat 0,5 ~ 5,0 % ferrokrom 4,5 - 6,5 % ferromolybden 9,0 - 13,0 % ferrovanadin 3,0 - 5,0 % ferrokisel 1,5 - 2,5 % ferromangan 0,25 - 0,85 % _ ferrotitan 1,5 - 3,0 % perovskitkoncentrat 0,2 - 1,5 % medan stålet med låg kolhalt i manteln utgör resten.This object is achieved according to the present invention by means of a wire-shaped electrode for so-called welding of a wear-resistant layer on cutting tools, which consists of a low-carbon steel jacket and a core in the form of a powder containing graphite. marble, flux, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, silicon, manganese and titanium, the wire electrode according to the present invention being characterized in that the powder also contains so-called perovskite concentrate, while the chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, silicon, manganese and titanium in the powder in the core of the electrode is included in the form of respective ferro-alloys, all components being included in the following contents in weight percent: graphite 0.8 - 1.4% marble 0.5 - 2.3% flux spat 0.5 ~ 5.0% ferrochrome 4.5 - 6,5% ferromolybdenum 9,0 - 13,0% ferrovanadine 3,0 - 5,0% ferrous silicon 1,5 - 2,5% ferromanganese 0,25 - 0,85% _ ferrotitanium 1,5 - 3,0 % perovskite concentrate 0.2 - 1.5% while the steel with low carbon content in the shell constitutes the rest.
Genom att perovskitkoncentratet förekommer i pulvret i elektrodens kärna brinner hågen stabilt, samtidigt som smältbadet modifieras, tack vare att detta koncen- trat innehåller sällsynta jordartsmetaller. 10 15 20 25 30 35 452 422 11:- ' 3 Marmor och flusspat är kända beståndsdelar i gas- och slaggbildande system. Den i perovskitkoncentratet förekommande titandioxiden och kalciumoxiden medverkar i kombination med marmor och flusspat (den senare kan ersättas med fluoritkoncentrat) till att bilda slagg med goda processtekniska (bl a svetstekniska) egenskaper för de valda inlegeringsförhállandena, förutsatt att man vid framställning av den föreslagna elektroden i trådform konstanthâller ett optimalt inbördes bland- ningsförhâllande mellan beståndsdelarna (blandnings- förhållandet mellan flusspat, marmor och perovskitkon- centrat utgör 4:2:l, respektive).Because the perovskite concentrate is present in the powder in the core of the electrode, the scent burns stably, at the same time as the molten bath is modified, thanks to the fact that this concentrate contains rare earth metals. 10 15 20 25 30 35 452 422 11: - '3 Marble and fluorspar are known constituents in gas and slag-forming systems. The titanium dioxide and calcium oxide present in the perovskite concentrate contribute in combination with marble and fluorspar (the latter can be replaced by fluorite concentrate) to form slag with good process technical (including welding technical) properties for the selected alloying conditions, provided that in the preparation of the electrode wire form constant maintains an optimal mixing ratio between the components (the mixing ratio between fluorspar, marble and perovskite concentrate is 4: 2: 1, respectively).
För att man skall kunna förbättra skäregenskaperna och öka slitbeständigheten är det lämpligt, att det insmälta tillsatsmaterialet har en avsevärd halt av kol, vanadin och molybden, vilka grundämnen bildar speci- ella karbider, samtidigt som de omsättes med varandra.In order to be able to improve the cutting properties and increase the wear resistance, it is suitable that the molten additive material has a considerable content of carbon, vanadium and molybdenum, which elements form special carbides, at the same time as they are reacted with each other.
De sällsynta, i perovskitkoncentratet förekommande jordarts- metallerna inverkar modifierande på det insmälta tillsats- materialets struktur.The rare earth metals present in the perovskite concentrate have a modifying effect on the structure of the molten additive material.
Ferrokisel är ett gott desoxidationsmedel. Även om det i ferrokisel förekommande kislet icke är ett karbidbildande grundämne, inverkar det avsevärt på håll: fasthets-,slagseghets- och slitbeständighetsökningen, intensifierar den s k dispergerings- eller finfördel- ningshärdningseffekten, i synnerhet i närvaro av titan, och ökar ferrits hårdhet vid härdning. Ifall kisel i form av ferrokisel ingår i pulvret i den enligt före- liggande uppfinning föreslagna elektroden i trádform i nämnda halter, ökar det även det insmälta tillsats- materialets beständighet i rödglödgat tillstànd och hårdhet i varmt tillstånd, samt minskar karbidkoagu- leringen vid förhöjda uppvärmningstemperaturer, genom att det ökar martensits beständighet vid anlöpning, i synnerhet i närvaro av krom.Ferro-silicon is a good deoxidizing agent. Although the silicon present in ferro-silicon is not a carbide-forming element, it has a significant effect on the surface: the increase in strength, impact resistance and abrasion resistance, intensifies the so-called dispersion or atomization hardening effect, especially in the presence of titanium, and increases the hardness of ferrite. . If silicon in the form of ferro-silicon is included in the powder in the electrode in wire form proposed according to the present invention in the said contents, it also increases the resistance of the molten additive material in the red-annealed state and hardness in the hot state, and reduces the carbide coagulation at elevated heating temperatures. , by increasing the durability of the martensite during tempering, especially in the presence of chromium.
Ferrotitan är att starkt desoxidationsmedel. Genom att titan i form av ferrotitan ingår i pulvret i elektroden enligt föreliggande uppfinning minskas det insmälta till- 10 15 20 25 30 35 452 422 Idh? 4 satsmaterialets känslighet för överhettning vid härd- ningen upp till höga temperaturer. Härdningstemperaturen kan härigenom ökas med nästan 50°C utan att det insmälta tillsatsmaterialets mekaniska egenskaper och struktur försämras. Samtidigt överförs en avsevärt högre mängd vanadinkarbider, som är svârlösliga i austenit, samt komplexa molybden- och kromkarbider, som deltar i ökningen av det insmälta tillsatsmaterialets slitbeständighet och i förbättringen av dess skäregenskaper, till den fasta lösningen.Ferrotitone is a strong deoxidizing agent. By including titanium in the form of ferrotitanium in the powder of the electrode of the present invention, the molten melt is reduced. 4 The sensitivity of the batch material to overheating during curing up to high temperatures. The curing temperature can thereby be increased by almost 50 ° C without deteriorating the mechanical properties and structure of the molten additive material. At the same time, a considerably higher amount of vanadium carbides, which are sparingly soluble in austenite, as well as complex molybdenum and chromium carbides, which participate in the increase of the abrasion resistance of the molten additive and in the improvement of its cutting properties, are transferred to the solid solution.
Inlegeringen av titan (i det insmälta tillsats- materialet) medverkar till att i det insmälta tillsats- materialet bildas mer finfördelade strukturer, vilka ökar dess hållfashet och slagseghet.The alloying of titanium (in the molten additive material) contributes to the formation of more finely divided structures in the molten additive material, which increase its strength and impact resistance.
Ferromangan befrämjar, liksom ferrotitan och ferro- kisel, desoxidation av det med elektroden i trådform enligt föreliggande uppfinning insmälta tillsatsmaterialet.Ferromanganese, like ferrotitanium and ferro-silicon, promotes deoxidation of the fused material with the electrode in wire form according to the present invention.
Det i ovannämnda halter använda manganet, som från ferromanganet överförs till det insmälta tillsatsmaterialet, medverkar till att öka austenitlösligheten (lösligheten i austenit) av de vanadin- och molybdenkarbider, som ökar beständigheten i rödglödgat tillstånd, hárdheten i varmt tillstànd samt den s k sekundärhårdheten, och"- till att vid härdningen öka ferrits hàllfasthet samt slagsegheten och hàllfastheten.The manganese used in the above-mentioned levels, which is transferred from the ferro-manganese to the molten additive material, helps to increase the austenite solubility (the solubility in austenite) of the vanadium and molybdenum carbides, which increase the resistance in red-annealed state, the hardness in the hot state and the so-called secondary "- to increase the strength of the ferrite during curing as well as the impact strength and resilience.
Mangan inverkar förbättrande på dessa egenskaper även genom att det är ett starkt avsvavlingsmedel. Ferro- krom medverkar dels till att det i detta förekommande kromet vid härdning ökar ferrits hállfasthet och dels, i kombination med molybden och vanadin, till att öka det insmälta tillsatsmaterialets hårdhet i varmt till- stånd och beständighet i rödglödgat tillstànd, genom bildning av komplexa karbider och genom att dessa karbider blir avsevärt lättare att lösa vid härdningen. Kromkarbider inverkar inhiberande på tillväxten av austenitkorn, ökar den temperatur vid vilken karbider av andra legerings- grundämnen börjar koagulera, och intensifierar finfördel- ningshärdningseffekten, i synnerhet i närvaro av molybden. 10 l5 20 25 30 35 452 422 MÄ* '¶~v 5 Krom inhiberar även koagulering av komplexa molyb- denkarbider och medverkar alltså till att det insmälta tillsatsmaterialets beständighet i rödglödgat tillstånd bibehâlles.Manganese has an improving effect on these properties also in that it is a strong desulfurizing agent. Ferro-chromium contributes partly to the chromium present in this chromium during hardening increases the strength of ferrite and partly, in combination with molybdenum and vanadium, to increase the hardness of the molten additive material in the hot state and resistance in the red-annealed state, by forming complex carbides and by making these carbides considerably easier to dissolve during curing. Chromium carbides have an inhibitory effect on the growth of austenite grains, increase the temperature at which carbides of other alloying elements begin to coagulate, and intensify the atomization hardening effect, especially in the presence of molybdenum. 5 Chromium also inhibits the coagulation of complex molybdenum carbides and thus helps to maintain the resistance of the molten additive material in the red-annealed state.
Ferrovanadin befrämjar, genom att det i detta före- kommande vanadinet bildar finfördelade och hàllfasta karbider, att det insmälta tillsatsmaterialet erhåller hög beständighet i rödglödgat tillstànd, hög hårdhet i varmt tillstånd, hög sekundärhårdhet och bättre skär- egenskaper. Ferrovanadin bidrar till att avsevärt öka ferrits hållfasthet vid härdning, varvid ju högre härd- ningstemperaturen år, desto högre mängd vanadinkarbider löses i austenit.Ferrovanadine promotes, by the formation of finely divided and solid carbides in this vanadium present, that the molten additive material acquires high resistance in the red-annealed state, high hardness in the hot state, high secondary hardness and better cutting properties. Ferrovanadine contributes to significantly increasing the strength of ferrite during curing, whereby the higher the curing temperature is, the higher the amount of vanadium carbides dissolved in austenite.
Vanadin medverkar till att öka det insmälta till- satsmaterialets anlöpningsbeständighet (beständighet mot anlöpning) och inverkar kraftigt på finfördelnings- härdningen och sekundärhàrdhetsökningen, i synnerhet när mangan och krom ínlegeras ytterligare i legeringen (det insmälta tillsatsmaterialet).Vanadium helps to increase the annealing resistance of the molten additive material (resistance to annealing) and has a strong effect on the atomization hardening and the secondary hardness increase, especially when manganese and chromium are further alloyed into the alloy (the molten additive material).
Vanadinkarbider ökar det insmälta tillsatsmaterialets nötningsmotstånd (motståndskraft mot nötning) avsevärt och förbättrar dess skäregenskaper, varvid de uppvisar den högsta hàrdheten bland alla de karbider, som före-- _ kommer i det medelst elektroden i trådform enligt före- liggande uppfinning insmälta tillsatsmaterialet. Den höga vanadinkarbidhalten i det med elektroden enligt uppfinningen insmälta tillsatsmaterialet bidrager till att öka skärkapaciteten.Vanadium carbides significantly increase the abrasion resistance of the molten additive material (resistance to abrasion) and improve its cutting properties, exhibiting the highest hardness among all the carbides present in the fused material of the melted electrode of the present invention. The high vanadium carbide content in the filler material fused to the electrode according to the invention contributes to increasing the cutting capacity.
Vanadins andra värdefulla beskaffenhet är att vanadin har förmåga att göra kornet (austenitkornet) finare och att hämma tillväxten av austenitkornen vid uppvärmning till höga temperaturer. Vanadin medverkar även till att öka det insmälta tillsatsmaterialets hállfasthet och slagseghet. Den fràn förekomsten av vanadin i det in- smälta tillsatsmaterialet härrörande effekten visar sig emellertid fullständigt endast när det med elektroden enligt föreliggande uppfinning insmälta tillsatsmaterialet upp- visar en tämligen hög halt av kol, krom, molybden, titan och mangan. 10 15 20 25 30 35 452 422 IJ :u .5 h: 6 Det i elektroden i trådform enligt uppfinningen förekommande ferromolybdenet ökar det insmälta tillsats- materialets anlöpningsbeständighet i högsta möjliga grad. Ferromolybdenet ökar det insmälta tillsatsmaterialets sekundärhárdhet, hårdhet i varmt tillstànd och, följakt- ligen, beständighet i rödglödgat tillstànd och inverkar på ökningen av det insmälta tillsatsmaterialets struktur- finfördelningsgrad, hàllfasthet, slagseghet och glödgnings- barhet (i synnerhet i de fall, när det insmälta tillsats- materialet härdas ned fràn förhöjda temperaturer). Molybden visar sina egenskaper mest fullständigt, när det användes i kombination med krom, vanadin, kol och andra, ovan- nämnda, grundämnen.The other valuable nature of vanadium is that vanadium has the ability to make the grain (austenite grain) finer and to inhibit the growth of the austenite grains when heated to high temperatures. Vanadium also helps to increase the strength and impact resistance of the molten additive material. However, the effect arising from the presence of vanadium in the molten additive material is completely apparent only when the additive material fused to the electrode of the present invention shows a rather high content of carbon, chromium, molybdenum, titanium and manganese. 10 15 20 25 30 35 452 422 IJ: u .5 h: 6 The ferro molybdenum present in the electrode in wire form according to the invention increases the annealing resistance of the molten additive material to the highest possible degree. The ferromolybdenum increases the secondary hardness of the molten additive material, hardness in the hot state and, consequently, durability in the red-annealed state and affects the increase in the degree of atomization of the molten additive material, strength, impact strength and annealing in the near-melt. the additive hardens from elevated temperatures). Molybdenum shows its properties most completely when used in combination with chromium, vanadium, carbon and other, above-mentioned, elements.
För att man skall erhålla ett volframfritt insmält tillsatsmaterial av, exempelvis, snabbståltyp, som upp- visar hög slitbeständighet och goda skäregenskaper, är det därför lämpligt, att pulvret i den enligt före- liggande uppfinning föreslagna elektroden i trådform inne- håller ferromolybden, ferrokrom, ferrovanadin, ferro- mangan, ferrokisel, ferrotitan, grafit, marmor, flusspat och perovskitkoncentrat, varvid samtliga dessa bestånds- delar måste ingå i ovannämnda halter i viktprocent.In order to obtain a tungsten-free molten filler material of, for example, high-speed steel type, which exhibits high wear resistance and good cutting properties, it is therefore suitable that the powder in the electrode proposed in the present invention in wire form contains ferrous molybdenum, ferrochrome, ferrovanadine, ferro-manganese, ferro-silicon, ferrotitanium, graphite, marble, fluorspar and perovskite concentrate, all of which must be included in the above percentages by weight.
Föredragen utföringsform av uppfinningen Den enligt föreliggande uppfinning föreslagna elek- troden i trådform kan framställas pá i och för sig känt sätt genom inpressning av en kärna i form av ett pulver i en mantel av stål och genom efterföljande komprimering av kärnan genom dragning eller valsning, varigenom elek- troden i trådform erhålles med cirkulärt respektive i det närmaste rektangulärt tvärsnitt (d v s en elektrod i form av en tillplattad tråd eller s k plattrâd).Preferred Embodiment of the Invention The electrode proposed in the present invention in wire form can be produced in a manner known per se by pressing a core in the form of a powder into a steel jacket and by subsequently compressing the core by drawing or rolling, whereby the electrode in wire form is obtained with a circular or almost rectangular cross-section (ie an electrode in the form of a flattened wire or so-called flat wire).
-Den praktiska användningen av den enligt föreliggande uppfinning föreslagna elektroden i trådform ger en märkbar ekonomisk effekt, som härrör från att dyrbart och svår- anskaffbart volfram besparas och att skärverktyget med det slitbeständiga, medelst elektroden enligt uppfinningen påförda skiktet uppvisar avsevärt längre livslängd. 10 15 20 25 30 7 I tabell 1 anges några exempel på den enligt före- liggande uppfinning föreslagna elektrodens sammansätt- ning (i viktprocent) och den i tidsenheter (i min) ut- tryckta beständigheten hos skärverktyget med det slit- beständiga, medelst den föreslagna elektroden pàförda arbetsskiktet. (Beständigheten hos det skärverktyg, vars slitbeständiga skikt pâförts medelst den kända, såsom en utgångspunkt använda elektroden i tràdform, anses vara, under de valda bearbetningsförhållandena, lika med 25 min).The practical use of the electrode proposed in the present invention in wire form gives a noticeable economic effect, which stems from the fact that expensive and difficult-to-obtain tungsten is saved and that the cutting tool with the wear-resistant layer applied by the electrode according to the invention has considerably longer life. 10 15 20 25 30 7 Table 1 gives some examples of the composition of the electrode proposed according to the present invention (in% by weight) and the resistance in units of time (in min) of the cutting tool with the wear-resistant, by means of the proposed electrode applied to the work layer. (The durability of the cutting tool, the wear-resistant layer of which is applied by means of the known electrode in wire form as a starting point, is considered to be, under the selected machining conditions, equal to 25 minutes).
Tabell l Halt av beståndsdelar i elektroden i tràdform, i viktprocent Bestàndsdelar i elektroden i tràdform Typ I Typ II Typ III l 2 3 4 grafit 1,1 0,8 1,4 ferrokrom 4,5 6,5 5,5 ferromolybden 13 ll 9 ferrovanadin 3 4 5 ferrokisel 2 2,5 1,5 ferramangan o , 85 o, 25 0,55 _ ferrotitan 3 2,3 1,5 marmor 1,5 0,5 2,3 flusspat 0,5 5 2,75 perovskitkoncentrat 1,5 0,85 0,2 stål med låg kolhalt i manteln resten Beständighet, min 35 40 45 Ifall de viktiga legeringsgrundämnena förekommer i varje beståndsdel i pulvret i respektive medelhalter, uppvisar den enligt föreliggande uppfinning föreslagna elektroden i rundtràdform eller plattràdform följande optimala sammansättning (i viktprocent): 10 15 20 25 452 422 11:' 8 grafit 1,15 % ferrokrom 5,4 % ferromolybden 11,3 % ferrovanadin 3,6 % ferrokisel 1,8 % ferromangan 0,4 % ferrotitan 2,15 % marmor 1,3 % flusspat 2,6 % perovskítkoncentrat 0,65 % mantelstál med låg kolhalt resten Industriell användbarhet Elektroden i tràdform enligt föreliggande uppfin- ning kan mest effektivt anvândas för páförande, genom mekaniserad s k ljusbågspåsvetsning med öppen ljusbâge, av ett slitbeständigt arbetsskikt på skärverktyg av bimetall, exempelvis fräsar, skärstål, försänkare, gäng- tappar, brotschar, borrar, dragbrotschar, dorner, skär- hjul e dyl.Table l Content of components in the electrode in wire form, in% by weight Components in the electrode in wire form Type I Type II Type III l 2 3 4 graphite 1.1 0.8 1.4 ferrochrome 4.5 6.5 5.5 ferro molybdenum 13 ll 9 ferrovanadine 3 4 5 ferrousil 2 2,5 1,5 ferramangan o, 85 o, 25 0,55 _ ferrotitan 3 2,3 1,5 marble 1,5 0,5 2,3 flusspat 0,5 5 2,75 perovskite concentrate 1.5 0.85 0.2 low carbon steel in the shell residue Resistance, min 35 40 45 If the important alloying elements are present in each component of the powder in the respective average contents, the electrode proposed in the present invention in round wire form or flat wire form has the following optimal composition (in weight percent): 10 15 20 25 452 422 11: '8 graphite 1.15% ferrochrome 5.4% ferromolybdenum 11.3% ferrovanadine 3.6% ferrous silicon 1.8% ferromanganese 0.4% ferrotitanium 2.15 % marble 1.3% flux spat 2.6% perovskite concentrate 0.65% mantle steel with low carbon content the rest Industrial usability The electrode in wire form according to the present invention ing can most effectively be used for the application, by mechanized so-called arc welding with open arc, of a wear-resistant working layer on bimetallic cutting tools, for example cutters, cutting steel, countersinks, threaded pins, reamers, drills, traction reamers, mandrels, cutting wheels and the like.
Elektroden enligt föreliggande uppfinning kan även användas för framställning av andra verktyg av bimetall, som är användbara för bearbetning av arbetsstycken eller alster av icke-metalliska material, exempelvis trä, plaster, gummi e dyl., samt för förstärkning (hå1lfast- hetsökning), reparation och àterställning av stansverktyg för varm- och kalldeformering av arbetsstycken av metall genom pàsvetsning (páförande) av ett slitbeständigt skikt.The electrode according to the present invention can also be used for the manufacture of other bimetallic tools which are useful for machining workpieces or articles of non-metallic materials, for example wood, plastics, rubber and the like, as well as for reinforcement (strength enhancement), repair and restoration of punching tools for hot and cold deformation of metal workpieces by welding (applying) a wear-resistant layer.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/SU1985/000022 WO1986005733A1 (en) | 1985-03-27 | 1985-03-27 | Welding rod |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SE8604640D0 SE8604640D0 (en) | 1986-10-30 |
| SE8604640L SE8604640L (en) | 1986-10-30 |
| SE452422B true SE452422B (en) | 1987-11-30 |
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ID=21616897
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8604640A SE452422B (en) | 1985-03-27 | 1986-10-30 | Electrode for welding consisting of a powder-filled mantle of a low-carbon containing steel |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62502250A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT385699B (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8507193A (en) |
| DD (1) | DD263188A3 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3590762T1 (en) |
| IN (1) | IN164095B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE452422B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1986005733A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1042603C (en) * | 1996-07-15 | 1999-03-24 | 潘国嶍 | High hardness wear resisting welding wire with flux core |
| CN102343486B (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2014-10-08 | 北京固本科技有限公司 | High wear-resistant erosion-resistant surfacing flux-cored wire for fan blade |
| CN102764940B (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2014-08-13 | 宁波隆兴焊割科技股份有限公司 | Submerged-arc welding flux-cored wire |
| CN105458553A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-04-06 | 无锡普瑞明思机械制造有限公司 | Memory type welding electrode |
| CN105665961A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-06-15 | 柳州凯通新材料科技有限公司 | High-wear-resistant alloy steel welding wire flux core |
| CN105665968A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-06-15 | 柳州凯通新材料科技有限公司 | Method for processing high-wear-resistant alloy welding wire |
| CN107984111B (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2020-04-14 | 兰州威特焊材科技股份有限公司 | High-performance magnesium-lithium alloy welding wire and preparation method and application thereof |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU460962A1 (en) * | 1973-05-08 | 1975-02-25 | Донецкий научно-исследовательский институт черной металлургии | Powder head |
| SU583905A1 (en) * | 1975-01-03 | 1977-12-15 | Краматорский Индустриальный Институт | Core electrode wire charge |
| SU625888A1 (en) * | 1975-05-23 | 1978-09-30 | Всесоюзный Проектно-Конструкторский Институт Сварочного Производства | Plant for assembling and welding articles of the box-section beam type |
| SU580071A1 (en) * | 1976-06-04 | 1977-11-15 | Краматорский Индустриальный Институт | Core wire composition |
| SU625883A1 (en) * | 1977-04-11 | 1978-09-30 | Краматорский Индустриальный Институт | Code electrode wire composition |
| JPS55149796A (en) * | 1979-04-16 | 1980-11-21 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Cr-contained welding material |
| JPS5620118A (en) * | 1979-07-26 | 1981-02-25 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Powder addition agent for casting |
| JPS592596A (en) * | 1982-06-28 | 1984-01-09 | Toshiba Corp | Initially exciting method for superconductive generator |
-
1985
- 1985-01-17 AT AT906185A patent/AT385699B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-02-01 IN IN69/CAL/85A patent/IN164095B/en unknown
- 1985-02-20 DD DD85273379A patent/DD263188A3/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-03-27 BR BR8507193A patent/BR8507193A/en unknown
- 1985-03-27 DE DE19853590762 patent/DE3590762T1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1985-03-27 WO PCT/SU1985/000022 patent/WO1986005733A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1985-03-27 JP JP60502147A patent/JPS62502250A/en active Pending
-
1986
- 1986-10-30 SE SE8604640A patent/SE452422B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE8604640D0 (en) | 1986-10-30 |
| SE8604640L (en) | 1986-10-30 |
| AT385699B (en) | 1988-05-10 |
| JPS62502250A (en) | 1987-09-03 |
| ATA906185A (en) | 1987-10-15 |
| DE3590762T1 (en) | 1987-04-02 |
| WO1986005733A1 (en) | 1986-10-09 |
| IN164095B (en) | 1989-01-14 |
| DD263188A3 (en) | 1988-12-28 |
| BR8507193A (en) | 1987-07-14 |
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