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SE1350429A1 - Procedure for drying a dry goods with hot air - Google Patents

Procedure for drying a dry goods with hot air Download PDF

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Publication number
SE1350429A1
SE1350429A1 SE1350429A SE1350429A SE1350429A1 SE 1350429 A1 SE1350429 A1 SE 1350429A1 SE 1350429 A SE1350429 A SE 1350429A SE 1350429 A SE1350429 A SE 1350429A SE 1350429 A1 SE1350429 A1 SE 1350429A1
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SE
Sweden
Prior art keywords
sub
drying
air
processes
wood
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Application number
SE1350429A
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Swedish (sv)
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SE537903C2 (en
Inventor
Robert Larsson
Original Assignee
Valutec Ab
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=51689841&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=SE1350429(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Valutec Ab filed Critical Valutec Ab
Priority to SE1350429A priority Critical patent/SE537903C2/en
Priority to EP14782103.7A priority patent/EP2984431B2/en
Priority to FIEP14782103.7T priority patent/FI2984431T4/en
Priority to PL14782103.7T priority patent/PL2984431T5/en
Priority to PCT/SE2014/050409 priority patent/WO2014168559A1/en
Publication of SE1350429A1 publication Critical patent/SE1350429A1/en
Publication of SE537903C2 publication Critical patent/SE537903C2/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
    • F26B3/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour circulating over or surrounding the materials or objects to be dried
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
    • F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B15/00—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form
    • F26B15/10—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions
    • F26B15/12—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
    • F26B21/08—Humidity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
    • F26B21/10—Temperature; Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
    • F26B23/001—Heating arrangements using waste heat
    • F26B23/002—Heating arrangements using waste heat recovered from dryer exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B15/00—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form
    • F26B2015/003—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form the load carrying elements having provisions for defining drying gas ducts, e.g. panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2210/00—Drying processes and machines for solid objects characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2210/16—Wood, e.g. lumber, timber

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

SAMMAN DRAG Uppfinningen avser ett forfarande for torkning av gods, sarskilt virke, med varmluft, dar torkningen uppdelas i atminstone en forsta och andra delprocess (A, B), parallellt eller i serie med varandra, och de bada delprocessernas cirkulationsstrammar (2) i respektive torkkammare konditioneras till vasentligen skilda vattemperaturer (TvA) respektive (TvB). FOr reducerad energiinsats tillordnas cirkulationsluften (2) i delprocessen (A) en hOgre vattemperatur (TvA) an cirkulationsluften i den andra delprocessen (B) och att entalpi i cirkulationsluften I den forsta delprocessen (A) atervinns och &errors till den andra delprocessen (B). (fig. 1) SUMMARY The invention relates to a method for drying goods, especially wood, with hot air, where the drying is divided into at least a first and second sub-process (A, B), parallel or in series with each other, and the circulation streams (2) of the two sub-processes in the respective drying chambers are conditioned to significantly different water temperatures (TvA) and (TvB), respectively. For reduced energy input, the circulation air (2) in the sub-process (A) is assigned a higher water temperature (TvA) than the circulation air in the second sub-process (B) and that enthalpy in the circulation air in the first sub-process (A) is recovered and fed to the second sub-process (B). (Fig. 1)

Description

I Forfarande for torkning av ett torkgods med varmluft Foreliggande uppfinning avser ett forfarande for torkning av ett torkgods, sarskilt i stapler uppsamlade travaror, genom omspolning med cirkulerande luftstrc5m, vars kondition bringas ante for torkgodsets kvalitet lampad torr och vet temperatur genom fillforsel av varme till den cirkulerande luftstrommen och bortventilering av fukt fran densamma. Uppfinningen avser ocksa en kanaltork arbetande med en utat sluten torkkanal genom vilken virke i form av satser av staplat virke med Arline mellanrum, s.k. dragningsintervall frammatas. I Method for drying a drying material with hot air The present invention relates to a method for drying a drying material, especially in stacks of wood, by recirculating with a circulating air stream, the condition of which is brought to a dry and clean temperature, in accordance with the quality of the drying material, by supplying heat to the circulating air stream and ventilating moisture from it. The invention also relates to a duct dryer operating with an externally closed drying duct through which wood in the form of sets of stacked wood with regular intervals, so-called drawing intervals, is fed.

Som varmeoverforande och fukttransporterande torkmedium anvands luft vilken med en bestamd temperatur, fuktighet och flodeshastighet cirkuleras genom torkgodset med hjalp av flaktar. Torkluften varms med hjalp av en luftvarmningsanordning som innefattar varmebatteri. Torkluften bringas passera genom godset se aft fukt och vatten avdunstar fran godset och upptas av torkluften. F6r att den efter hand fuktmattade torkluften som cirkuleras i torkkammaren skall kunna uppta mer vatten fran godset maste den avfuktas vilket normalt sker genom ventilation varvid luften spads ut med kall relativt torr utomhusluft — farskluft. Air is used as the heat-transferring and moisture-transporting drying medium, which is circulated through the drying material with a certain temperature, humidity and flow rate using fans. The drying air is heated using an air heating device that includes a heating coil. The drying air is passed through the material so that moisture and water evaporate from the material and are absorbed by the drying air. In order for the gradually moisture-saturated drying air that is circulated in the drying chamber to be able to absorb more water from the material, it must be dehumidified, which is normally done through ventilation, whereby the air is diluted with cold, relatively dry outdoor air — fresh air.

Vid torkning av travirke anvands antingen satstorkar s.k. kammartorkar eller progressive torkar, aven kallade kanaltorkar eller kontinuerliga vandringstorkar. I kammartorken sker torkningen satsvis i slutna kammare. Torken fylls med virke och torkningen fortgar darefter tills hela satsen är fardigtorkad. I kanaltorkar eller kontinuerliga vandringstorkar satsas en stapel virke i taget och mates stegvis fram genom torken. When drying timber, either batch dryers, also known as chamber dryers, or progressive dryers, also known as channel dryers or continuous walking dryers, are used. In a chamber dryer, drying takes place in batches in closed chambers. The dryer is filled with wood and drying continues until the entire batch is completely dried. In channel dryers or continuous walking dryers, one stack of wood is loaded at a time and fed stepwise through the dryer.

Torkklimatet varieras i zoner langs torkningskanalen. Torkningsklimatet varieras hela tiden och torkningsprocessen anpassas efter virket i torken, onskad fardig fuktkvot och anskad slutkvalitet. Torkammarens klimat styrs genom reglering av ett i forvag bestamda parametrar som bland annat torr och vet temperatur. Den torra temperaturen styrs med hjalp av reglering av avgiven varme fran ett varmebatteri medan vat temperatur styrs genom reglering av oppningsgraden hos ventilationsspjall och eventuell vattnings- eller angbasningsutrustning. Temperaturskillnaden mellan en torr termometer och en vat termometer speglar den relative luftfuktigheten, varvid en relativt liten temperaturskillnad innebar en relativt hog luftfuktighet. For att traet skall torka kravs att vattnet som finns bundet i och kring cellerna transporteras ut ur traet. Hur fort detta sker beror framforallt pa temperatur och aktuell psykrometerskillnad, dvs. skillnaden mellan torr och vat-temperatur, virkets fuktkvot och lufthastighet. The drying climate is varied in zones along the drying channel. The drying climate is varied all the time and the drying process is adapted to the wood in the dryer, the desired finished moisture content and the desired final quality. The climate of the drying chamber is controlled by regulating a predetermined parameter such as dry and wet temperature. The dry temperature is controlled by regulating the heat emitted from a heating battery, while the wet temperature is controlled by regulating the opening degree of the ventilation damper and any watering or steaming equipment. The temperature difference between a dry thermometer and a wet thermometer reflects the relative humidity, whereby a relatively small temperature difference means a relatively high humidity. In order for the wood to dry, the water that is bound in and around the cells must be transported out of the wood. How quickly this happens depends primarily on the temperature and the current psychrometric difference, i.e. the difference between dry and wet temperature, the moisture content of the wood and air velocity.

Det är {cant att en torkanlaggnings energiforbrukning vid torkning kan minskas genom att dela upp torkanlaggningen i ett antal delzoner och i mojligaste man atervinna varmeinnehallet Iran en zon till en annan zon som har ett momentant storre varmebehov. It is possible that the energy consumption of a drying plant during drying can be reduced by dividing the drying plant into a number of subzones and, if possible, recovering the heat content from one zone to another zone that has a momentary greater heat requirement.

Vanligen utnyttjas harvid en varmevaxlare i vilken ventilationen utfors pa sa satt all avgaende franluften (med hogre temperatur) fran en zon far avge en del av sin entalpi till den Pans utkast Valutec 2 ingaende tilluften (med lagre temperatur) till en annan zon. For effektivt energiutnyttjande är det vid kanaltorkar kant att arrangera torkningskanalen i tva torkningszoner i form av en forvarmningszon och en huvudtorkningszon. Med hjalp av varmevaxlare averfors varmeenergin i den franluft, som ventileras ut fran huvudtorken, till forvarmningszonen i vilken virket forvarms innan det mates in i huvudtorkzonen for styrd och kontrollerad torkning. Usually, a heat exchanger is used in which the ventilation is carried out in such a way that all the outgoing exhaust air (with a higher temperature) from one zone can give up part of its enthalpy to the incoming supply air (with a lower temperature) to another zone. For efficient energy utilization, it is best to arrange the drying channel in two drying zones in the form of a preheating zone and a main drying zone. With the help of a heat exchanger, the heat energy in the exhaust air, which is ventilated out of the main dryer, is transferred to the preheating zone in which the wood is preheated before it is fed into the main drying zone for controlled and monitored drying.

I ett annat fall ar det kant att blanda fran huvudtorken avgaende franluft med farskluft fran den omgivande atmosfaren och utnyttja den resulterade blandningen som tilluft farvarmningszonen med resultatet att forvarmingszonen arbetar med kallare torkluft an huvudtorkningszonen. Nackdelen med ett sadant forfarande med en forvarmningszon med moderat torkfarmaga for sagade travaror är att risken for torksprickor blir stor eftersom den inledande delen av torkprocessen sker vid en relativt lag temperatur. I detta skede av torkningen, de starre torkningsspanningar i virket lett ger upphov till sprickbildning är hog vattemperatur onskvard, darfar att traet da blir mer plastiskt och torkningsspanningarna darigenom minskas. In another case, it is possible to mix the exhaust air from the main dryer with fresh air from the surrounding atmosphere and use the resulting mixture as supply air to the preheating zone, with the result that the preheating zone operates with cooler drying air than the main drying zone. The disadvantage of such a method with a preheating zone with moderate drying capacity for sawn timber is that the risk of drying cracks is high because the initial part of the drying process takes place at a relatively low temperature. At this stage of drying, the larger drying stresses in the wood easily give rise to cracking, a high water temperature is desirable, as the wood then becomes more plastic and the drying stresses are thereby reduced.

En annan komplikation som kan upptrada vid torkning av virke är att s.k. termotoleranta magelsvampar pa grund av relativt laga temperaturer i forvarmningssteget kan \taxa pa virket och bilda sporer under torkningen.let vaxer och ger en grasvart missfargning av virket vilket i varsta fall innebar att virket maste kasseras. Genom all redan inledningsvis uppratthalla en relativt hag vattemperatur ca.50 °C, innebarande att luftens torra temperatur kommer att variera mellan 55 och 70 °C, kan livsbetingelserna for svampar och mogel begransas. Nagra fa timmar vid dessa hoga temperaturer är i denna del tillrackligt for all kontrollera defta. Another complication that can occur when drying wood is that so-called thermotolerant mold fungi, due to relatively low temperatures in the preheating stage, can \tax the wood and form spores during drying. The fungus grows and gives a grayish-black discoloration of the wood, which in the worst case means that the wood must be discarded. By maintaining a relatively high water temperature of about 50 °C from the beginning, meaning that the dry air temperature will vary between 55 and 70 °C, the living conditions for fungi and mold can be limited. A few hours at these high temperatures is sufficient to control the problem.

Relativt hoga energikostnader är att forvanta i framtiden och kravet pa torkningsprocesser med lag energiforbrukning kommer darfar att Oka starkt. Vidare kommer ocksa kraven pa virkets kvalitet att Oka varvid virke med ytfel i form av sprickor eller nnissfargningar pa grund av mogel inte kan accepteras. Relatively high energy costs are expected in the future and the demand for drying processes with low energy consumption will therefore increase significantly. Furthermore, the demands on the quality of the wood will also increase, whereby wood with surface defects in the form of cracks or discoloration due to mold cannot be accepted.

Ett farsta syfte med foreliggande uppfinning ar darfor att astadkomma ett forfarande far torkning av gods med varmluft som gar det majligt all vid saval kammartorkar som kanaltorkar effektivisera torkprocessen och darigenom astadkomma en reducerad energiforbrukning,. Eft andra syfte med uppfinningen är att astadkomma ett forfarande for torkning av gods med varmluft som gar det majligt undvika virke med ytfel, missfargningar eller magel. Ett tredje syfte med uppfinningen är att astadkomma en kanaltork som kan uffora torkning med lag energiinsats och gar det mojligt att undvika virke med ytfel, missfargningar. A first object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method for drying goods with hot air that makes it possible for both chamber dryers and channel dryers to streamline the drying process and thereby achieve reduced energy consumption. A second object of the invention is to provide a method for drying goods with hot air that makes it possible to avoid wood with surface defects, discolorations or mold. A third object of the invention is to provide a channel dryer that can perform drying with low energy input and makes it possible to avoid wood with surface defects, discolorations.

Dessa syften med uppfinningen loses genom ett farfarande av det slag som anges i patentkravet 1, ett anvandande av sattet enkligt kravet 10 samt en kanaltork enligt patentkravet 11. These objects of the invention are solved by an arrangement of the type specified in claim 1, a use of the method according to claim 10 and a duct dryer according to claim 11.

Pans utkast Valutec 3 Till grund for uppfinningen ligger iden att Ma en tork arbeta omvant mot det som hittills varit det gangse sattet att torka gods vilket sarskilt nar det handlar cm virke innebar att i en sane pa varandra processteg rora sig fran ett relativt kallt torkklimat till ett varmt torkklimat. Enligt principerna uppfinningen sker emellertid det omvanda, namligen att under processtegen rora sig fran ett relativt varmt torkklimat till eft kallt torkklimat. De manga fordelarna med att torka gods, sarkilt virke, enligt denna princip kommer att framga i det foljande. Pan's draft Valutec 3 The basis of the invention is the idea that a dryer should work in reverse to what has been the usual way of drying goods up to now, which especially when it comes to wood meant moving from a relatively cold drying climate to a warm drying climate in one process step after another. According to the principles of the invention, however, the reverse happens, namely moving from a relatively warm drying climate to a cold drying climate during the process steps. The many advantages of drying goods, especially wood, according to this principle will become apparent in the following.

En intressant tillampning av uppfinningen utgors av en virkestorkningskanal med langdcirkulation som uppdelas i tva genom en hissbar port avgransade seriekopplade torkningszoner, dar den efterfOljande andra zonen regleras pa en torn temperatur som understiger vattemperaturen i den forsta zonen, och varmeatgangen for den andra delprocessen tacks genom all entalpi, i form av varmeenergi fran varm fuktig luft fran cirkulationsluften i den forsta zonen, Overfors och avlamnas till den andra zonen via ett i namnda zon anordnat varmebatteri. FOrutom energieffektivitet har ett sadant arrangemang vasentliga fordelar som narmare forklaras harnedan. An interesting application of the invention consists of a wood drying channel with longitudinal circulation which is divided into two series-connected drying zones delimited by a liftable door, where the subsequent second zone is regulated at a dry temperature that is lower than the water temperature in the first zone, and the heat input for the second sub-process is achieved by all enthalpy, in the form of heat energy from warm moist air from the circulating air in the first zone, being transferred and discharged to the second zone via a heating battery arranged in said zone. In addition to energy efficiency, such an arrangement has significant advantages which are explained in more detail below.

En tillampning av uppfinningen i en torkanlaggning med tva seriekopplade processer med skilda vattemperaturnivaer ger — forutom en vasentligt reducerad varmefOrbrukning — en alltmer vasentlig fordel nar det galler torkning av hagkvalitativt virke i en langdcirkulationstork. I en langdcirkulationstork blir konditionen pa torkluften i hog grad beroende av avdunstningen fran virket i torkkanalen. Tack vane en hog temperatur i den frirsta zonen kan sprickor och mogel undvikas. Tack vane att ingen eller bara mycket en begransad luftvaxling sker i den forsta zonen kan en stor del av energin atervinnas, overforas och anvandas i den efterfoljande andra torkzonen. En annan fOrdel är att den i virket bunkringslagrande Armen fran forsta torkningszonen kan utnyttjas i den efterfoljande andra torkningszonen. An application of the invention in a drying plant with two series-connected processes with different water temperature levels provides — in addition to a significantly reduced heat consumption — an increasingly significant advantage when it comes to drying high-quality wood in a longitudinal circulation dryer. In a longitudinal circulation dryer, the condition of the drying air is highly dependent on the evaporation from the wood in the drying channel. Thanks to a high temperature in the first zone, cracks and mold can be avoided. Thanks to the fact that no or only very limited air exchange takes place in the first zone, a large part of the energy can be recovered, transferred and used in the subsequent second drying zone. Another advantage is that the energy from the first drying zone, which is stored in the wood, can be used in the subsequent second drying zone.

Uppfinningen kommer i det foljande att beskrivas narmare med hanvisning till bifogade ritningar pa vilka: Fig. 1 visar schematiskt ett forfarande enligt uppfinningen i ett forsta utforande dar torkningen uppdelad i tva delprocesser A, B och utnyttjande av ett varmeatervinningssystem som overran varme mellan delprocesserna via ett varmebarande vatskemedium, och Fig. 2 visar schematiskt ett forfarande enligt uppfinningen i ett andra utforande dar torkningen an uppdelad i tva delprocesser A, B och ett varmeatervinningssystem i vilket ingar ett varmeatervinningssystem som Overton varme mellan delprocesserna genom all vaxla de !Ada delprocessernas olika luftstrommar. The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Fig. 1 schematically shows a method according to the invention in a first embodiment where the drying is divided into two sub-processes A, B and uses a heat recovery system that transfers heat between the sub-processes via a heat-carrying liquid medium, and Fig. 2 schematically shows a method according to the invention in a second embodiment where the drying is divided into two sub-processes A, B and uses a heat recovery system that transfers heat between the sub-processes by alternating the different air flows of the two sub-processes.

I fig. 1 visas foreliggande uppfinning i ett forsta utfOrande som ett schematiskt arrangemang som anvander ett vatskemedium for all averfora varme mellan delprocesser. Torkningen an uppdelad i tva delprocesser A respektive B varvid torkning i delprocessen A Pans utkast Valutec 4 sker vid relativt hog vattemperatur TvA=50°C medan torkning i delprocessen B sker vid relativt lag vattemperatur TvB=20°C. Enligt uppfinningen sker torkningen i delprocessen B vid en torr temperatur TtB som understiger vattemperaturen TvA f6r torkning i delprocessen A, dvs. TtB Cirkulationsluften I delprocessen A \farms pa konventionellt salt med ett hetvattenmatat varmebatteri 5. Franluften 6 fran delprocessen B kan ledas ut fran kamnnaren och ersattas av farsk tilluft 26 som hamtas fran den omgivande atmosfaren. I delprocessen A sker normalt ingen luftvaxling eller i forekommande fall bara en begransad sadan. Delprocessen A arbetar i allt vasentligt enligt kondensationsprincipen varvid i den cirkulerande torkluften 2 bunden vattenanga avkyls och kondenseras ut i en i torkzonen genom kondensation. In Fig. 1 the present invention is shown in a first embodiment as a schematic arrangement which uses a liquid medium for all heat transfer between sub-processes. The drying is divided into two sub-processes A and B respectively, whereby drying in sub-process A Pans draft Valutec 4 takes place at a relatively high water temperature TvA=50°C while drying in sub-process B takes place at a relatively low water temperature TvB=20°C. According to the invention, drying in sub-process B takes place at a dry temperature TtB which is lower than the water temperature TvA for drying in sub-process A, i.e. TtB The circulating air in sub-process A is heated on conventional salt with a hot water-fed heating coil 5. The exhaust air 6 from sub-process B can be led out of the chamber and replaced by fresh supply air 26 which is taken from the surrounding atmosphere. In sub-process A normally no air exchange takes place or, in some cases, only a limited one. Sub-process A essentially operates according to the condensation principle, whereby water vapor bound in the circulating drying air 2 is cooled and condensed out into a drying zone by condensation.

Med hjalp av ett varmeatervinningssystem kan varme overforas mellan de bada delprocesserna A, B via ett varmebarande vatskemedium van/id det bOr underforstas att entalpi i huvudsak overfors fran delprocess A till delprocess B. I systemet ingar en i den forsta delprocessen A anordnad kondensationsvarmevaxlare 7 och i delprocessen B ett varmebatteri 8. En sluten ledningskrets 9 är anordnad att med hjalp av en cirkulationspump (ej visad) cirkulera ett varmebarande medium mellan kondensvarmevaxlaren 7 i delprocessen A och varmebatteriet 8 i delprocessen B. Ledningskretsen roper i slingor 9a, 9b for energiutbyte mellan den cirkulerande torkluften i delprocess A respektive B van/id slingan 9a upptar varme fran kondenserad vattenanga i torkluften i delprocess A och overfOr via slingan 9b denna varme till varmebatteriet 8 i delprocess B. Varmeforbrukningen for delprocessen B tacks harvid genom den entalpi som hamtas fran kondenserad vattenanga i cirkulationsluften fran delprocessen A. Sam namnts harovan behovs normalt ingen eller bara en begransad luftvaxling med den omgivande atmosfaren vid delprocess A. Kombinationen av dessa bade arrangemang ger en extremt lag varmeforbrukning for torkprocessen som helhet samt kan tack vare den relativt hoga temperaturen i delprocess A problem med missfargning och sprickor undvikas. Det bar underfOrstas att vid behov kan den andra torkzonen for delprocessen B utrustas med en tillskottseffekt som kan utgoras av ett varmebatteri. With the help of a heat recovery system, heat can be transferred between the two sub-processes A, B via a heat-carrying liquid medium, where it should be understood that enthalpy is mainly transferred from sub-process A to sub-process B. The system includes a condensation heat exchanger 7 arranged in the first sub-process A and a heating battery 8 in sub-process B. A closed pipe circuit 9 is arranged to circulate a heat-carrying medium between the condensation heat exchanger 7 in sub-process A and the heating battery 8 in sub-process B with the help of a circulation pump (not shown). The pipe circuit runs in loops 9a, 9b for energy exchange between the circulating drying air in sub-process A and B respectively, where loop 9a absorbs heat from condensed water vapor in the drying air in sub-process A and transfers this heat via loop 9b to the heating battery 8 in sub-process B. The heat consumption for sub-process B is then supported by the enthalpy that is taken from condensed water vapor in the circulating air from sub-process A. As mentioned above, no or only limited air exchange with the surrounding atmosphere is normally required in sub-process A. The combination of these two arrangements provides an extremely low heat consumption for the drying process as a whole and, thanks to the relatively high temperature in sub-process A, problems with discoloration and cracks can be avoided. It should be understood that, if necessary, the second drying zone for sub-process B can be equipped with an additional effect, which can be constituted by a heating battery.

I fig. 2 visas foreliggande uppfinning i ett andra utfOrande som ett schematiskt arrangennang som overfor varme mellan delprocesser genom att i en varmevaxlare av exempelvis mofflodes- eller korsvarmetyp vaxla processernas olika luftstrommar. Precis som beskrivits harovan är torkningen uppdelad i tva delprocesser A respektive B van/id torkning delprocessen A sker vid relativt hog vattemperatur TvA=50°C medan torkning i delprocessen B sker vid relativt lag vattemperatur TvB=20°C. Enligt uppfinningen sker torkningen i delprocessen B vid en torr temperatur TtB som understiger vattemperaturen TvA for torkning delprocessen A, dvs. TtB Franluften 19 fran delprocess B blandas med den mattade luftstrommen 17 vid 20 och blandningen far passera genom en yttre varmevaxlare 21, varefter kondensatet 22 franskiljs och den mattade luftstrammen 23 uppdelas i en delstrom 24, som utblases fran anlaggningen och en delstrom 25, som anvands som tilluft for delprocessen A med hog vattemperatur. Tilluften 26 till delprocessen B med lag vattemperatur forvarms i varmevaxlaren 21. Varmefarbrukningen for delprocessen B tacks helt eller delvis genom entalpin i franluften 16 fran delprocessen A och ingen separat yttre tilluft (kali farskluft fran omgivande atmosfaren) till delprocessen A behover tillgripas. Kombinationen av dessa bade arrangemang ger en extremt leg varmeforbrukning far den sammansatta processen. Det bar underfarstas all vid behov kan den andra torkzonen for delprocessen B utrustas med en tillskottseffekt som kan utgoras av ett varmebatteri. In Fig. 2 the present invention is shown in a second embodiment as a schematic arrangement which transfers heat between sub-processes by exchanging the different air flows of the processes in a heat exchanger of, for example, a mixed-flow or cross-heat type. Just as described above, the drying is divided into two sub-processes A and B, respectively. In drying sub-process A, the water temperature TvA=50°C is relatively high, while drying in sub-process B is relatively low, the water temperature TvB=20°C. According to the invention, drying in sub-process B is carried out at a dry temperature TtB that is lower than the water temperature TvA for drying sub-process A, i.e. TtB The exhaust air 19 from sub-process B is mixed with the saturated air stream 17 at 20 and the mixture is allowed to pass through an external heat exchanger 21, after which the condensate 22 is separated and the saturated air stream 23 is divided into a sub-stream 24, which is blown out of the plant and a sub-stream 25, which is used as supply air for sub-process A with a high water temperature. The supply air 26 to sub-process B with a low water temperature is preheated in the heat exchanger 21. The heat consumption for sub-process B is covered in whole or in part by the enthalpy in the exhaust air 16 from sub-process A and no separate external supply air (cold fresh air from the surrounding atmosphere) to sub-process A needs to be used. The combination of these two arrangements gives an extremely low heat consumption for the combined process. It should be noted that if necessary, the second drying zone for sub-process B can be equipped with an additional effect which can be provided by a heating coil.

Vid tillampning av uppfinningen i en langcirkulationskanal med seriekopplade zoner for torkning av virke är medelst en hissbar port 100 torkkanalen uppdelad I tva angransande zoner I och II vilka visas antydda med streckade konturlinjer i fig. 1. Som beskrivits harovan far delprocess A regleras zon I pa en hog vattemperatur, t.ex. 50 °C, och zon H som beskrivits harovan for delprocess B pa en lag vattemperatur, t.ex. 20 °C. Zon II är utford som en kanal, dar cirkulationsluften strommar genom virket i motstrom mot virkets transportriktning och medstroms i den forsta zonen I. Det bar inses att angiven riktning pa cirkulationsstrommarna bara är exemplifierande och i praktiken kan varieras. Cirkulationsluften i zon I \farms pa konventionellt satt i varmebatterier 5. Torkluften i zon I avluktas genom att passera en i cirkulationsstrommen i zon I placerad kondensvarmevaxlare 7, dar den bildat kondensat avger varme till ett genom kondensvarmevaxlaren passerande varmebarande vatskemedium. Det frail zon I avgivna varmet overfors via ett vatskemedium till varmebatteriet 8 i zon II. Eftersom torkningen i delprocessen B sker vid en torr temperatur TtB som understiger vattemperaturen TvA for torkning i delprocessen A, dvs. TtB Det bar underforstas aft ett utfarande av uppfinningen skulle kunna omfatta en kombination av de bade ufforingsexempel av uppfinningen som beskriv harovan med hanvisning till fig. 1 och 2. Det vill saga eft varmeatervinningssystem som dels overfor varme fran delprocess A till delprocess B via ett varmebarande vatskemedium, dels ett varmeatervinningssystem som Overfor varme fran delprocess A till delprocess B genom all Axle de bade delprocessernas olika luftstrommar eller att blanda dessa. Vidare bar det inses att uppfinningen är anvandbar vid vilka torksystem som heist som kan uppdelas i Pans utkast Valutec 6 atminstone tva delprocesser A, B, och oavsett orn processerna är kopplade parallellt eller serie med varandra for varmeaverforing. Uppfinningen är ej begransad till det ovan beskrivna och det pa ritningarna visade utan kan andras och modifieras pa en rad olika sat inom ramen far den i efterfoljande patentkrav angivna uppfinningstanken. When applying the invention in a long circulation channel with series-connected zones for drying wood, the drying channel is divided by means of a liftable door 100 into two adjacent zones I and II which are shown indicated by dashed contour lines in Fig. 1. As described above for sub-process A, zone I is regulated at a high water temperature, e.g. 50 °C, and zone H as described above for sub-process B at a low water temperature, e.g. 20 °C. Zone II is designed as a channel, where the circulating air flows through the wood in countercurrent to the direction of transport of the wood and cocurrent in the first zone I. It should be understood that the indicated direction of the circulating flows is only exemplary and can be varied in practice. The circulating air in zone I is conventionally heated in heating coils 5. The drying air in zone I is exhausted by passing through a condensation heat exchanger 7 placed in the circulation flow in zone I, where the condensate formed gives off heat to a heat-carrying liquid medium passing through the condensation heat exchanger. The heat given off from zone I is transferred via a liquid medium to the heating coil 8 in zone II. Since the drying in sub-process B takes place at a dry temperature TtB which is lower than the water temperature TvA for drying in sub-process A, i.e. It should be understood that an embodiment of the invention could include a combination of both embodiments of the invention described above with reference to Fig. 1 and 2. That is, a heat recovery system that partly transfers heat from sub-process A to sub-process B via a heat-carrying liquid medium, and partly a heat recovery system that transfers heat from sub-process A to sub-process B through the different air flows of both sub-processes or by mixing these. Furthermore, it should be understood that the invention is applicable to any drying system that can be divided into at least two sub-processes A, B, and regardless of whether the processes are connected in parallel or series with each other for heat transfer. The invention is not limited to what is described above and what is shown in the drawings, but can be changed and modified in a number of different ways within the scope of the inventive concept stated in the following patent claims.

Pans utkast Valutec Pan's draft Valutec

Claims (12)

1. 7 PATE NTKRAV Forfarande far torkning av gods med varmluft, dar torkningen uppdelas i atminstone en forsta och andra delprocess (A, B), parallellt eller i serie med varandra, och de bada delprocessernas cirkulationsstrommar (2) i respektive torkkammare konditioneras till vasentligen skilda vattemperaturer (TvA) respektive (TvB), kb n n et eck n at av att cirkulationsluften (2) i den forsta delprocessen (A) tillordnas en hogre vattemperatur (TvA) an cirkulationsluften i den andra delprocessen (B) och att entalpi i cirkulationsluften i den forsta delprocessen (A) atervinns och overfors till den andra delprocessen (B).1. 7 PATENT CLAIMS Method for drying goods with hot air, where the drying is divided into at least a first and second sub-process (A, B), parallel or in series with each other, and the circulation streams (2) of both sub-processes in the respective drying chambers are conditioned to significantly different water temperatures (TvA) and (TvB), respectively, characterized in that the circulation air (2) in the first sub-process (A) is assigned a higher water temperature (TvA) than the circulation air in the second sub-process (B) and that enthalpy in the circulation air in the first sub-process (A) is recovered and transferred to the second sub-process (B). 2. F6rfarande enligt kravet 1, varvid den andra delprocessen (B) tillordnas en torrtemperatur (TtB) som är lagre an vattemperaturen (TvA) i den forsta delprocessen (A).2. Method according to claim 1, wherein the second sub-process (B) is assigned a dry temperature (TtB) that is lower than the water temperature (TvA) in the first sub-process (A). 3. FOrfarande enligt kravet 1, varvid entalpin i cirkulationsluften i den fOrsta delprocessen (A) atervinns och averfors till den andra delprocessen (B) genom att cirkulationsluft (2) i de bada delprocesserna (A, B) varmevaxlas med varandra.3. Method according to claim 1, wherein the enthalpy in the circulating air in the first sub-process (A) is recovered and transferred to the second sub-process (B) by heat exchanging circulating air (2) in both sub-processes (A, B) with each other. 4. Forfarande enligt nagot av kraven 1 - 3, varvid cirkulationsluften (2) i den forsta delprocessen (A) avfuktas genom att I cirkulationsluften bunden vaftenanga avkyls och bringas kondensera i delprocessens (A) torkkammare.4. Method according to any one of claims 1 - 3, wherein the circulating air (2) in the first sub-process (A) is dehumidified by cooling and condensing the water vapor bound in the circulating air in the drying chamber of the sub-process (A). 5. Forfarande enligt kravet 4, varvid den forsta delprocessens (A) torkkammare utrustas med en kondensationsvarmevaxlare (7) med vilken cirkulationsluften (2) i den forsta delprocessen (A) kan bringas kondensera ut, den andra delprocessens (B) torkkammare utrustas med ett varmebatteri (8) med vilken cirkulationsluften (2) i den andra delprocessen (B) torkkammare kan upphettas, och att ett varmebarande medium bringas cirkulera mellan kondensvarmevaxlaren (7) i den farsta delprocessen (A) och varmebatteriet (8) i den andra delprocessen (B).5. Method according to claim 4, wherein the drying chamber of the first sub-process (A) is equipped with a condensation heat exchanger (7) with which the circulating air (2) in the first sub-process (A) can be condensed out, the drying chamber of the second sub-process (B) is equipped with a heating battery (8) with which the circulating air (2) in the drying chamber of the second sub-process (B) can be heated, and that a heat-carrying medium is circulated between the condensation heat exchanger (7) in the first sub-process (A) and the heating battery (8) in the second sub-process (B). 6. Forfarande enligt kravet 1, varvid entalpi i cirkulationsluften i de bade delprocesserna (A, B) atervinns och overfOrs genom att franluftstrammar fran de bade delprocesserna blandas (20) med varandra och bringas passera en far processerna gemensam varmevaxlare (21) far forvarmning av tilluften (26) far den andra delprocessen (B) samt efter passage av varmevaxlaren (21) utgara tilluft far den forsta delprocessen (A). Pans utkast Valutec 86. Method according to claim 1, wherein enthalpy in the circulating air in both sub-processes (A, B) is recovered and transferred by mixing exhaust air streams from both sub-processes (20) with each other and causing them to pass through a heat exchanger (21) common to the processes for preheating the supply air (26) for the second sub-process (B) and, after passing through the heat exchanger (21), for exhaust air for the first sub-process (A). Pans draft Valutec 8 7. Forfarande enligt kravet 6, varvid varme overfors mellan de bade delprocesser (A, B) genom anvandande av en varmevaxlare (14, 21) av exempelvis motflOdes- eller korsvarmetyp for att %/axle luftstronnmar som omfattar till- och franluft (25, 26; 16, 19) mellan delprocesserna.7. Method according to claim 6, wherein heat is transferred between the two sub-processes (A, B) by using a heat exchanger (14, 21) of, for example, counter-flow or cross-heat type to exchange air flows comprising supply and exhaust air (25, 26; 16, 19) between the sub-processes. 8. Forfarande enligt nagot av kraven 1 — 8, varvid anvands ett varmeatervinningssystem som dels overfor varme fran den forsta delprocessen (A) till den andra delprocessen (B) via ett varmebarande medium av exempelvis en vatska i vilket cirkulationsluften (2) i den forsta delprocessen (A) avfuktas genom att i cirkulationsluften bunden vattenanga avkyls och bringas kondensera i delprocessens (A) torkkammare, dels ett varmeatervinningssystem som Overfor varme fran den forsta delprocessen (A) till den andra delprocessen (B) genom aft Axle de bade delprocessernas olika luftstrommar som omfatter till- och franluft (25, 26; 16, 19) mellan delprocesserna.8. Method according to any of claims 1 - 8, wherein a heat recovery system is used which transfers heat from the first sub-process (A) to the second sub-process (B) via a heat-carrying medium of, for example, a liquid in which the circulating air (2) in the first sub-process (A) is dehumidified by cooling and condensing water vapor bound in the circulating air in the drying chamber of the sub-process (A), and a heat recovery system which transfers heat from the first sub-process (A) to the second sub-process (B) through the different air flows of both sub-processes, which comprise supply and exhaust air (25, 26; 16, 19) between the sub-processes. 9. Forfarande enligt kravet 8, varvid entalpin i cirkulationsluften i de bade delprocesserna (A, B) atervinns och overfors genom att franluftstrommar fran de bada delprocesserna blandas (20) med varandra och bringas passera en for processerna gemensam varmevaxlare (21) for forvarmning av tilluften (26) for den andra delprocessen (B) samt efter passage av varmevaxlaren (21) utgara tilluft fiir den forsta delprocessen (A).9. Method according to claim 8, wherein the enthalpy in the circulating air in both sub-processes (A, B) is recovered and transferred by mixing exhaust air streams from both sub-processes (20) with each other and causing them to pass through a heat exchanger (21) common to the processes for preheating the supply air (26) for the second sub-process (B) and, after passing through the heat exchanger (21), providing supply air for the first sub-process (A). 10. Anvandande av ett forfarande enligt nagot av kraven 1 — 9 vid torkning av gods (1) i form av travirke i eft flertal for energioverforing parallellt eller i serie sammankopplade satstorkar, s.k. kammartorkar eller kontinuerliga vandringstorkar s.k. kanaltorkar.10. Use of a method according to any one of claims 1 - 9 when drying goods (1) in the form of wood in a plurality of batch dryers connected in parallel or in series for energy transfer, so-called chamber dryers or continuous traveling dryers so-called channel dryers. 11. 11 Kanaltork arbetande med en utat sluten torkkanal genom vilken virke i form av satser (1) av staplat virke med jamna mellanrum, s.k. dragningsintervall frammats sa aft en virkessats med palastat fuktigt virke mates in i kanalen samtidigt som en virkessats med fardigtorkat virke mates ut ur kanalen, varvid virkessatserna bestryks och genompasseras av i torkkanalen cirkulerande torkluft (2), kb nnetecknad av aft kanaltorken innefattar en Oppningsbar port (100) med vilken torkkanalen, nar porten är stangd, är avgransad i en forsta och en andra torkzon (I, II) som var och en bildar en kammare som arbetar med cirkulerande torkluft, varvid med porten (100) i oppet lage virkessatser (1) tillats vandra fran den forsta till den andra torkzonen, att varje kammare är tillordnad utrustning (5, 7, 8; 5, 14, 21) som gar det mojligt att styra och reglera torkklimatet pa ett sadant satt att respektive kammare bildar en forsta respektive andra delprocess (A, B), och vilken styr- och reglerutrustningen är anordnad att dels tillordna cirkulationsluften (2) i den forsta delprocessen (A) en hogre Pans utkast Valutec 9 vattemperatur (TvA) an cirkulationsluften i den andra delprocessen (B), dels tillata entalpi i cirkulationsluften i den forsta delprocessen (A) att atervinnas och Overforas till den andra delprocessen (B).11. 11 Channel dryer operating with an externally closed drying channel through which wood in the form of batches (1) of stacked wood at regular intervals, so-called. The drawing interval is achieved by feeding a wood batch with palletized moist wood into the channel at the same time as feeding a wood batch with finished dried wood out of the channel, whereby the wood batches are coated and passed through by drying air (2) circulating in the drying channel, characterized in that the channel dryer comprises an openable door (100) with which the drying channel, when the door is closed, is delimited into a first and a second drying zone (I, II) which each form a chamber which works with circulating drying air, whereby with the door (100) in the open position wood batches (1) are allowed to move from the first to the second drying zone, that each chamber is assigned equipment (5, 7, 8; 5, 14, 21) which makes it possible to control and regulate the drying climate in such a way that each chamber forms a first and a second sub-process (A, B), respectively, and which control and regulation equipment is arranged to assign the circulating air (2) in the first sub-process (A) a higher water temperature (TvA) than the circulating air in the second sub-process (B), and to allow enthalpy in the circulating air in the first sub-process (A) to be recovered and transferred to the second sub-process (B). 12. Kanaltorn enligt kravet 11, varvid vattemperaturen (TvA) i den forsta delprocessen (A) är hogre an torrtemperaturen (TtB) i den andra delprocessen (B) Pans utkast Valutec 9 °C12. Channel tower according to claim 11, wherein the water temperature (TvA) in the first sub-process (A) is higher than the dry temperature (TtB) in the second sub-process (B) Pans draft Valutec 9 °C
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AT510487B1 (en) 2010-10-07 2012-09-15 Mci Man Ct Innsbruck Internationale Hochschule Gmbh DRYING PROCESS AND DRYING SYSTEM

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EP2984431A4 (en) 2016-11-16
EP2984431A1 (en) 2016-02-17
SE537903C2 (en) 2015-11-17
FI2984431T4 (en) 2025-05-22
WO2014168559A1 (en) 2014-10-16
PL2984431T5 (en) 2025-07-21
EP2984431B2 (en) 2025-02-19
EP2984431B1 (en) 2019-10-16

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