RU2834254C1 - Bath stove with stone chamber - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to domestic bath stoves and stoves of commercial application, intended for room heating, water heating and steam generation in private baths, as well as in public baths and saunas. Bath stove with a stone chamber comprises a housing with a furnace, an ash pan and a stone chamber in the form of a container with a heat-accumulating charge, a gas duct, an exhaust pipe, a mixing chamber for incandescent gases and an additional air supply channel, wherein the furnace is a thick-walled metal horizontal pipe inside the housing, the capacity of the stone chamber is formed by the front and side walls of the housing, as well as the upper surface of the furnace and the inclined plane of the mixing chamber of incandescent gases, at least one gas duct connecting the incandescent gases mixing chamber and the exhaust pipe is made above the furnace at a small ascending angle to the exhaust pipe, wherein the mixing chamber of incandescent gases supplied through three triangular holes located in the upper part of the furnace at the rear of the stove is made between the rear wall of the stove and the inclined rear wall of the stone chamber, additional channel of air supply into mixing chamber is located inside stove housing near rear wall of furnace, between the side walls of the furnace and the vertical side walls of the housing there are air-conduction gaps for convection of air flows coming from the lower part of the stove into the stone chamber.

EFFECT: improved operational characteristics of the bath stove.

6 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of heat engineering, namely to domestic bath stoves and commercial stoves intended for heating a room, heating water and producing steam in private baths, as well as in public baths and saunas.

The closest technical solution (prototype) is a sauna stove with a heater according to the Russian Federation patent No. 2715487, F24B 1/02, published 02/28/2020 Bulletin No. 7, containing a body with a firebox, ash pan and heater with heat-accumulating loading and flues with an exhaust pipe, the heater filled with heat-accumulating loading is made in the form of a container, there is a mixing chamber for hot gases and an additional air supply channel

Disadvantages of the prototype: the operational characteristics of the device are reduced due to:

1) the combination of the body with the firebox, therefore the side walls of the body heat up to high temperatures, which causes discomfort to the human body during the bath procedures, additional heating of the air in the bath room occurs due to the infrared radiation of the stove, the fire hazard is exceeded;

2) a small volume of the container for filling, made in the form of a truncated inverted pyramidal volume, which leads to a small accumulation of heat reserves, an uncomfortable steam-air environment and the need for additional lighting of the fire in the stove during the period of taking bath procedures;

3) the installation of gas ducts on the sides of the furnace body, which have contact with the outer surface of the body, as a result of which the heat supply to the heat-accumulating elements is reduced, therefore the generated heat is not used effectively to heat the stones;

4) the absence of convection blowing of heat-accumulating elements, therefore the rate of air heating in the bath room is reduced, and oxygen burns out in the bath room.

The technical problem solved by the creation of the claimed invention is that in the modern world, bath procedures remain relevant for humanity, so the bath user needs a modern bath stove with increased operational properties, which, with its simplicity of manufacture and operation, provide, first of all, maximum efficiency of heat transfer without smoke in the heated room. It is known that a bath increases immunity, improves the functioning of the lungs, cardiovascular system and musculoskeletal system, increases immunity; accelerates metabolism, helps cleanse the skin, and also helps effectively overcome stress arising from the acceleration of the modern rhythm of life and, accordingly, an increase in physical, mental, emotional stress on a modern person.

The technical result of the claimed invention is the creation of a sauna stove with a heater with improved performance characteristics, which is achieved due to the simplicity of the design and maintenance of the device, increased efficiency of heat transfer of the stove by means of circulation of heated air flows, increased reliability, and maximum efficiency for heating the stone filling of the device.

The technical result is achieved in that a bath stove comprising a housing with a firebox, an ash pan and a heater with a heat-accumulating load made in the form of a container, at least one flue, an exhaust pipe, a hot gas mixing chamber and an air supply channel into the mixing chamber, characterized in that the firebox made inside the housing is a thick-walled metal horizontal pipe, the heater capacity is formed by the front and side walls of the housing, as well as the upper surface of the firebox and the inclined plane of the hot gas mixing chamber, at least one flue connecting the hot gas mixing chamber and the exhaust pipe is made above the firebox at an upward angle to the exhaust pipe, wherein the hot gas mixing chamber entering through three triangular openings located in the upper part of the firebox at the rear part of the stove is made between the rear wall of the stove and the inclined rear wall of the heater, the air supply channel into the mixing chamber is located inside the stove housing near the rear wall of the firebox, and between the side walls The firebox and the vertical side walls of the housing are provided with air duct gaps for the convection of air flows coming from the lower part of the stove into the heater. Moreover, the front and rear walls of the firebox are the front and rear walls of the housing. Moreover, at least one flue is made in the form of a metal pipe. Moreover, the air supply channel into the mixing chamber in a natural way is made in the form of a metal vertically oriented pipe. Moreover, the air duct gaps for the convection of air flows are formed between rectangular metal elements attached to the cylindrical side walls of the firebox and the side walls of the housing. Moreover, the stove is equipped with a water heating tank located on a bracket attached to the outer surface of the rear wall of the housing.

The new essential distinctive features of the claimed technical solution are the following:

- the firebox is located inside the body;

- the firebox has the form of a thick-walled metal horizontal pipe;

- the capacity of the heater is formed by the front and side walls of the body, as well as the upper surface of the firebox and the inclined wall of the hot gas mixing chamber;

- at least one flue gas duct connecting the hot gas mixing chamber and the exhaust pipe is made above the firebox at a slight upward angle to the exhaust pipe;

- a mixing chamber for hot gases entering through three triangular openings located in the upper part of the firebox near the rear wall of the stove, is made between the rear wall of the stove and the inclined rear wall of the heater;

- an additional air supply channel into the mixing chamber is located inside the furnace body near the rear wall of the firebox;

- between the side walls of the firebox and the vertical side walls of the body, air duct gaps are made for the convection of air flows coming from the bottom of the stove into the heater.

The combination of new significant distinctive features, along with the features known from the state of the art, is sufficient to solve the specified technical problem and obtain the technical result provided by the invention - the creation of a sauna stove with a heater with improved performance characteristics.

The essence of the proposed invention, its feasibility and the possibility of industrial application are illustrated by the drawings (Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4), where:

Fig. 1 - a furnace in an axonometric projection.

Fig. 2 - front view of the oven, combined with a section;

Fig. 3 - vertical section of the furnace;

Fig. 4 shows a view of the stove from above.

The following symbols are present on the presented drawings:

1 - body;

2 - front vertical metal wall;

3 - rear vertical metal wall;

4 - left vertical metal wall;

5 - right vertical metal wall;

6 - firebox (combustion chamber);

7 - removable grate;

8 - door;

9 - blower door (ash pan);

10 - triangular holes in the upper part of the combustion chamber;

11 - hot gas mixing chamber (mixing chamber);

12 - cylindrical surface of the combustion chamber;

13 - inclined wall of the mixing chamber;

14, 15 - side walls of the mixing chamber;

16 - exhaust (chimney) pipe;

17 - opening in the combustion chamber;

18, 19 - gas ducts (gas ducts);

20 - furnace elements;

21 - convection gaps;

22 - heater;

23 - heat-accumulating bookmark (stones);

24 - gas afterburning tube;

25 - water tank;

26 - bracket;

27 - firewood.

The sauna stove with a heater (sauna stove with a heater), shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, is made of welded material and consists of a body 1 (Fig. 1, 2, 3) in the form of vertical metal walls 2, 3, 4, 5 (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4), where vertical walls 2, 3 are the front and rear walls, respectively, and walls 4, 5 are the side walls of body 1 (Fig. 1, 2, 3).

The body 1 contains a firebox (combustion chamber) 6 (Fig. 2, 3), made of a horizontally located thick-walled metal pipe (6-8 mm thick for domestic baths, 8-10 mm thick for commercial baths), where the vertical walls 2, 3 (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4) of the body 1 (Fig. 2, 3) are also the front and rear walls of the combustion chamber 6.

In the inner lower part of the firebox 6 there is a grate (removable) 7.

The firebox 6 has a door 8 (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4) made in the front wall 2 (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4) of the body 1 (Fig. 1, 2, 3). The door 8 (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4) is located below the center of the firebox 6 (Fig. 2, 3), above the grate 7.

Below the door 8 (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4), under the grate 7, there is a blower door 9 (Fig. 1, 2, 3), which is designed to remove burnt fuel particles, as well as to regulate the oxygen supply to the firebox 6 (Fig. 2, 3).

In the rear upper part of the firebox 6, three triangular openings 10 (Fig. 3) are made for the release of hot gases into the mixing chamber 11 (Fig. 3, 4), located in the rear part of the furnace, above the firebox 6 (Fig. 2, 3).

The mixing chamber 11 (Fig. 3, 4) is formed by the rear wall 3 (Fig. 1, 3, 4) of the housing 1 (Fig. 1, 2, 3) and the rear part of the upper cylindrical surface 12 (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4) of the firebox 6 (Fig. 2, 3), as well as by an inclined metal wall 13 (Fig. 3, 4) connecting the rear wall 3 (Fig. 1, 3, 4) of the housing 1 (Fig. 1, 2, 3) and the upper cylindrical surface 12 (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4) of the firebox 6 (Fig. 2, 3), as well as by the side walls 14, 15 (Fig. 1, 2).

In the front part of the firebox 6 (Fig. 2, 3) there is an exhaust (chimney) metal pipe 16 (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4), which is connected to the firebox 6 (Fig. 2, 3) by means of a small opening 17 (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4) for the release of part of the hot gases and the shedding of soot from the exhaust pipe 16. The opening 17 is made in the firebox 6 (Fig. 2, 3) under the exhaust pipe 16 (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4).

Two flue gas ducts (flues) 18, 19 of the furnace, located above the firebox 6 (Fig. 2, 3) at a slight upward angle to the exhaust pipe 16 (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4), are intended for the passage of hot gases from the chamber 11 (Fig. 3, 4) for mixing hot gases, into which they enter from the firebox 6 through the triangular openings 10 (Fig. 3), and then into the exhaust pipe 16. Flue gas ducts 18, 19 (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4) are made of metal pipes and connect the mixing chamber 11 (Fig. 3, 4) and the exhaust pipe 16 (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4).

The side walls 4,5 of the body 1 (Fig. 1, 2, 3) are attached to the cylindrical wall of the firebox 6 (Fig. 2, 3) using metal elements 20 (Fig. 1, 2, 4), for example rectangular in shape, located between each other at a certain pitch along the cylindrical side walls of the firebox 6 (Fig. 2, 3).

The convection gaps 21 (Fig. 4) formed between the elements 20 (Fig. 1, 2, 4), the side walls 4, 5 (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4) and the cylindrical wall of the firebox 6 (Fig. 2, 3) are intended for the passage of hot air from the lower part of the firebox 6 (Fig. 2, 3) to the upper part of the stove, located above the firebox 6 and serving as the heater 22 (Fig. 3, 4).

The heater 22 is formed by the upper parts of the walls 2,3,4,5 (Fig. 1,2,3,4) of the body 1 (Fig. 1,2,3), the upper surface of the firebox 6 (Fig. 2,3), the side 14,15 (Fig. 1,2,) and inclined 13 (Fig. 3,4) walls of the mixing chamber 11, the lower part of the exhaust pipe 16 (Fig. 1,2,3,4) and the flue channels 18,19.

The volume (capacity) of the heater 22 (Fig. 3, 4) of the stove is filled with heat-accumulating material (stones) 23 (Fig. 3).

The number of flues 18,19 (Fig. 1,2,3,4) is set depending on the size of the stove, the volume of the heater 22 (Fig. 3,4) and the amount of heat-accumulating load 24 (Fig. 1,3,4), which is from 100 kg to 1000 kg. The number of flues 18,19 (Fig. 1,2,3,4) can be made from 1 to 4 pieces.

The furnace is equipped with a vertically oriented cylindrical metal gas afterburning tube 24 (Fig. 1, 3, 4), located in the rear part of the furnace - between the side wall 4 (Fig. 1, 2, 3) of the housing 1 and the cylindrical wall of the firebox 6, made outside the firebox 6 (Fig. 2, 3) - near its rear wall 4 (Fig. 1, 2, 3). The small-diameter gas afterburning tube 24 (Fig. 1, 3, 4) is an additional channel for supplying hot air naturally from the lower part of the housing 1 (Fig. 1, 2, 3) into the mixing chamber 11 (Fig. 3, 4).

The stove is equipped with a metal tank 25 (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4) for heating water, located on a bracket 26 (Fig. 3), attached to the outer surface of the rear wall 3 (Fig. 1, 3, 4) of the body 1 (Fig. 1, 2, 3). The stove can also be equipped with an additional tank (not shown in the Fig.) for heating water.

The oven works as follows:

Fuel in the form of firewood 27 (Fig. 3) of a certain size is loaded into the firebox 6 (Fig. 2, 3) of the furnace through the door 8 (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4), placed on the grate 9 (Fig. 1, 2, 3) and ignited. The heated gases formed during combustion through the triangular openings 10 (Fig. 3) of the firebox 6 (Fig. 2, 3) enter the mixing chamber 11 (Fig. 3, 4), into which hot air from the lower part of the body 1 (Fig. 1, 2, 3) also naturally enters through the gas afterburning tube 24 (Fig. 1, 3, 4). When air is supplied to the hot gas mixing chamber 11 (Fig. 3, 4), afterburning of the unburned parts of the fuel air mixture and additional heat transfer occur.

The heated gases, moving upward through the opening 17 (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4) in the firebox 6 (Fig. 2, 3) into the exhaust pipe 16 (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4), as well as through the triangular openings 10 (Fig. 3) of the firebox 6 (Fig. 2, 3) into the mixing chamber 11 (Fig. 3, 4) and through the gas ducts 18, 19 (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4) give off heat to the heat-accumulating load (stones) 23 (Fig. 3) of the furnace.

Also, the heated gases from the lower part of the furnace, passing upwards through the convection gaps 21 (Fig. 4), additionally give off heat to the heat-accumulating load 23 (Fig. 3) and the walls 2,3,4,5 (Fig. 1,2,3,4) of the body 1 (Fig. 1,2,3) of the furnace. Thus, the heat-accumulating load (stones) 23 (Fig. 3) receive heat from the outer surface of the firebox 6 (Fig. 2,3), the surface of the chamber 11 (Fig. 3,4) for mixing hot gases, the surfaces of the gas ducts 18,19 (Fig. 1,2,3,4), the surface of the exhaust pipe 16, as well as from the warm air entering through the convection ducts 21 (Fig. 4).

The most heated rear wall 4 (Fig. 1, 2, 3) of the body 1 (Fig. 1, 2, 3) of the furnace gives off heat to the tank 25 (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4) with water, located on the outer surface of the rear wall 4 (Fig. 1, 2, 3) of the body 1 of the furnace.

Regulation of air access to the firebox 6 (Fig. 2, 3) is carried out by opening the blower door 9 (Fig. 1, 2, 3).

The ash formed during combustion of the fuel falls through the grate 7 (Fig. 2, 3) into the lower part (inner surface) of the furnace firebox 6 and is subsequently removed through the ash pit door 9 (Fig. 1, 2, 3).

The flue gas channels 18,19 (Fig. 1,2,3,4) and the exhaust pipe 16 are cleaned spontaneously from the soot deposits that enter the firebox 6 (Fig. 2,3) through a small opening 17 (Fig. 1,2,3,4) in the upper wall of the cylindrical firebox 6 (Fig. 2,3).

To ensure long-term preservation of heat in the room obtained from the burnt fuel, the stove is lined with bricks on all sides of the body, with the exception of the rear wall 3 (Fig. 1, 3, 4) of the body 1 (Fig. 1, 2, 3), where the water tank 25 is located, which ensures safety when heating the stove and compliance with fire safety requirements.

Unlike the prototype, where the furnace body is combined with the firebox, in the proposed technical solution the firebox is located horizontally inside the vertical walls of the body, while air convection occurs between the surface of the firebox and the walls of the body, therefore the side outer walls of the body do not heat up to high temperatures, which ensures the comfort of the consumer during the bath procedures, and also achieves increased efficiency of heat transfer of the furnace by means of the circulation of heated air flows, while also maintaining the fire safety of the device during its use.

Unlike the prototype, where the filling capacity is made in the form of a truncated inverted pyramidal volume, characterized by a small space for the stone filling, which leads to a small accumulation of heat and the need to heat the stove during bath procedures, in the proposed technical solution the capacity is made with an increased volume of stone filling, which allows maintaining a long-term temperature regime (increases the reliability of heating/warming up the bath room) and provides a comfortable steam-air environment due to the absence of infrared radiation.

Unlike the prototype, where the flues are made on the sides of the body and have contact with the outer surface of the body, as a result of which the heat supply to the heat-accumulating elements is reduced, in the proposed technical solution the flues are made inside the heater and are surrounded on all sides (along the perimeter) by heat-accumulating elements, which allows for an increase in the efficiency of heating/warming up the stones and access to the heater of air convection flows, and also allows for the efficient use of the generated heat for heating the stones and, accordingly, the bath room.

Unlike the prototype, where there is no convection blowing of heat-accumulating elements, which leads to their overheating, as well as overheating of the main units of the stove (causing their increased wear), as well as "burning" of oxygen in the bathhouse, in the declared device, convection blowing of stones with heated air is carried out, which reduces their overheating and overheating of the units of the stove (increasing the service life), the speed of heating the air in the bathhouse increases, without causing "burning" of oxygen.

The prototype has two mixing chambers (main and additional) and the movement of hot gases occurs from the main mixing chamber (where no additional air is supplied for afterburning of unburned fuel particles), located at the front wall of the furnace, to the additional mixing chamber (where additional air is supplied for afterburning of unburned fuel particles through the air mixture supply channel), located at the rear wall of the furnace through the side flues. As a result of the passage of hot gases through the side flues into the additional mixing chamber, the hot gases cool down during heat transfer through the side walls of the flues into the heater and into the environment, i.e. ineffective afterburning of unburned fuel particles contained in the hot gases is observed, which reduces the efficiency of the furnace and also causes increased clogging of the flues with unburned fuel particles. The proposed technical solution includes one hot gas mixing chamber (a simpler furnace design in contrast to the prototype), where hot gases from the combustion chamber are supplied, as well as additional air from an additional air supply channel, so that unburned fuel particles are effectively burned out in the mixing chamber, which helps to increase the efficiency of the furnace and reduce clogging of the flues and exhaust pipe with burnt fuel particles, which ensures ease of furnace maintenance by eliminating additional cleaning of the flues and exhaust pipe from soot.

In the proposed technical solution, the front and rear walls of the body are the front and rear walls of the firebox. Making the front wall of the firebox and the body as a single vertical surface allows you to position the device so that the front part of the stove can be placed in the corridor (dressing room), supplying it with heat. Making the rear wall of the firebox and the body as a single vertical surface allows you to heat the rear surface of the stove, including the water tank, with maximum speed.

Unlike the prototype, where the soot formed in the horizontal flues during the combustion of fuel is removed manually through special windows with doors, in the proposed technical solution, due to the inclined arrangement of the flue channels connected to the exhaust pipe, the cleaning of the flues and pipe from soot deposits is carried out spontaneously through openings in the combustion chamber, which are made in its upper surface, thus achieving ease of maintenance of the device.

Unlike the prototype, where the water tank is located on the side wall, in the claimed device the tank is located on the rear wall, which is subject to the greatest heating due to the movement of heated gases along the rear wall into the mixing chamber and then along the flues into the exhaust pipe, therefore the heating of water in the tank is carried out in the most efficient way.

All of the above improves the performance characteristics of the declared device.

The implementation of the proposed invention allows solving the stated technical problem and ensuring the achievement of the stated technical result.

The proposed technical solution, which has constructive unity, implements a common functional purpose (functional unity).

The proposed technical solution does not clearly follow from the state of the art. The patent search did not reveal technical solutions that coincide with its essential distinctive features, therefore, it satisfies the patentability condition of "inventive step".

The prior art does not contain an analogue characterized by features identical to all essential features of the claimed invention.

The applicant tested the proposed device during bath procedures, which confirmed its purpose, feasibility and functionality, and therefore the claimed invention complies with the patentability requirement of “industrial applicability”.

Claims (6)

1. A sauna stove comprising a housing with a firebox, an ash pan and a heater with a heat-accumulating load made in the form of a container, at least one flue, an exhaust pipe, a hot gas mixing chamber and an air supply channel into the mixing chamber, characterized in that the firebox made inside the housing is a thick-walled metal horizontal pipe, the heater capacity is formed by the front and side walls of the housing, as well as the upper surface of the firebox and the inclined plane of the hot gas mixing chamber, but at least one flue connecting the hot gas mixing chamber and the exhaust pipe is made above the firebox at an upward angle to the exhaust pipe, wherein the mixing chamber of hot gases entering through three triangular openings located in the upper part of the run at the rear of the stove is made between the rear wall of the stove and the inclined rear wall of the heater, the air supply channel into the mixing chamber is located inside the stove housing near the rear wall of the firebox, and between the side walls of the firebox and the vertical The side walls of the body are provided with air duct gaps for the convection of air flows coming from the bottom of the stove into the heater. 2. The furnace according to item 1, characterized in that the front and rear walls of the firebox are the front and rear walls of the body. 3. A furnace according to item 1, characterized in that at least one flue gas duct is made in the form of a metal pipe. 4. The furnace according to item 1, characterized in that the air supply channel into the mixing chamber is naturally made in the form of a vertically oriented metal pipe. 5. The furnace according to item 1, characterized in that the air duct gaps for the convection of air flows are formed between rectangular metal elements attached to the cylindrical side walls of the firebox and the side walls of the body. 6. The furnace according to item 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a tank for heating water, located on a bracket attached to the outer surface of the rear wall of the housing.

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