RU2829351C1 - Grinder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: various technological processes.

SUBSTANCE: grinder relates to devices for processing by means of crushing and/or crushing of loose product and can be used in food industry or in fodder production. Grinder 1 consists of housing 2 installed on support element with shock-absorbing gaskets 3, loading hopper 4 and located in cavity of housing 2 of drive rotor 5 of loading 6, crushing 7 and unloading 8 chambers. Loading hopper 4, loading 6 and crushing chambers 7 are divided along the length of rotor 5 by partitions 9 into separate sectors 10. Each sector 10 is equipped with corrugated surfaces 11 of the stator and surfaces 12 of the rotor.

EFFECT: grinder ensures increased efficiency of processing the original product.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

Field of technology to which the invention relates

A crusher is a device for processing bulk products by crushing and/or flattening and can be used in the food industry or in feed production.

State of the art

A roller device for flattening concentrated animal feed is known, which includes a solid metal body, a frame, ribbed rollers and a drive for their rotation (see patent RU No. 51899, B02C 4/06, published 10.03.2006).

The disadvantage of this rolling device is its high metal consumption, the limitation of its functional capabilities to flattening only and the lack of the ability to simultaneously separately flatten the components of the original product, which increases the time and energy costs for obtaining finished raw materials.

A rotary crusher is known, consisting of a housing mounted on a support element with shock-absorbing pads, a loading hopper and a drive rotor, loading, crushing and unloading chambers located in the cavity of the housing, wherein the crushing chamber and rotor are provided with corrugated surfaces designed with the possibility of crushing the initial product. (see patent RU No. 2552958, B02C 4/10, published 10.06.2015).

The disadvantage of a rotary crusher is the limitation of its functional capabilities to crushing only and the lack of the ability to simultaneously separately crush the components of the original product, which increases the time and energy costs for obtaining finished raw materials and reduces its quality.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed invention is a crusher-flattener, which consists of a frame, a motor with a drive, a rigid and durable casing fixed to the frame with two cylindrical grooved rollers symmetrically fixed in its cavity, which are designed with the possibility of limited adjustment of the position when interacting with each other and grooved counter-cuts fixed on the inner wall of the casing, wherein the axes of the rollers are equipped with gears in engagement with each other, and the drive is designed with the possibility of organizing reverse rotation of the rollers (see patent RU No. 2653077, IPC B02C 4/06, published 07.05.2018).

The disadvantage of this crusher-crusher is its high metal consumption, design that complicates repairs and maintenance, and the impossibility of simultaneous crushing and/or crushing of various raw materials.

Disclosure of invention

The technical result that can be achieved with the help of the proposed invention is to increase the efficiency of processing the initial product, reduce the energy intensity of the grinding and/or flattening process, and improve the quality of the finished raw material by dividing the working cavity of the proposed grinder into several sectors (2 or more) based on one rotating rotor.

The crusher allows both crushing and flattening (if necessary) the initial product by dividing its working cavity into several sectors (2 or more) based on one rotating rotor. This becomes possible due to the installation of special ribbed working elements on the rotor and stator in each sector for a specific task, for example, crushing durum wheat, crushing corn, flattening barley, crushing barley, etc. The rotation of the ribbed surface of the rotor when interacting with the ribbed element fixed to the inner part of the stator allows organizing both crushing and flattening of the initial product in each separate sector. This design allows obtaining finished raw materials of higher quality due to the individual selection of a pair of working elements (on the rotor and stator) for a specific type of initial product, has good maintainability and allows adjusting the operating parameters.

The crusher consists of a housing mounted on a support element with shock-absorbing pads, a loading hopper and a drive rotor, loading, crushing and unloading chambers located in the cavity of the housing, wherein the loading hopper, loading and crushing chambers are divided into 2 or more (if necessary) separate sectors along the length of the rotor, each of which is equipped with individual ribbed surfaces of the stator and rotor, designed with the possibility of simultaneous crushing of various initial products.

To facilitate adjustment, repair and replacement of the working parts of the rotor and/or stator, it is possible to replace each of them separately, regardless of the sector, by making them removable.

The grinding process is as follows and is similar for each sector. Coming from the corresponding sector of the bin into the grinder cavity, the bulk initial product fills the loading chamber, then enters the crushing chamber, where it interacts with the working surface of the rotor and the corrugated surface of the stator, which leads to a change in its original shape (chipping, crushing, etc.). Then the finished crushed raw material moves to the unloading chamber common to all sectors.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 shows a general view of the grinder.

Fig. 2 shows a section of the working cavity of the grinder (one sector).

Fig. 3 shows an isometric diagram of the main part of the grinder with sectors for different feedstock products.

Implementation of the invention

The crusher 1 consists of a housing (stator) 2 mounted on a support element with shock-absorbing pads 3, a loading hopper 4, and a drive rotor 5, loading 6, crushing 7 and unloading 8 chambers placed in the cavity of the housing 2, wherein the loading hopper 4, loading 6 and crushing chambers 7 are divided by partitions 9 into two or more (if necessary) separate sectors 10 along the length of the rotor 5, each of which is provided with individual ribbed surfaces of the stator 11 and rotor 12 interacting with the initial product for its crushing, wherein the surfaces 11, 12 and partitions 9 of each of the sectors 10 are made removable.

The process of loading the initial product, its transportation, grinding and unloading the finished raw material from the working cavity are shown by arrows.

The number n of sectors 10 is determined based on how many different initial products need to be crushed simultaneously. For example, for crushing corn, wheat and oats n=3, and for simultaneously crushing peas, wheat, corn and barley n=4, and so on.

The shredder works as follows:

The drive 13 rotates the rotor 5 by means of the electric motor 14, as a result of which the initial product coming from the loading hopper 4 fills the loading chamber 6 and, interacting with the ribbed surfaces of the rotor 11 and the stator 12 in the crushing chamber 7, is crushed into finished raw material. This process is similar for any of the sectors 10 separated from each other by partitions 9, after which the finished raw material enters the unloading chamber 8 common to all sectors 10.

The proposed invention has the following advantages compared to the prototype and other known technical solutions:

- allows for replacement, repair and adjustment of working surfaces in each of the crusher sectors separately to achieve the best quality of finished raw materials;

- allows simultaneous crushing and flattening (if necessary) of different types of bulk raw materials on the basis of one rotating rotor separately from each other;

- has increased energy efficiency due to the reduced metal consumption of the structure and the possibility of flexible adjustment to a specific source product.

Claims (1)

A crusher consisting of a housing mounted on a support element with shock-absorbing pads, a loading hopper and a drive rotor, loading, crushing and unloading chambers located in the cavity of the housing, characterized in that the loading hopper, loading and crushing chambers are divided into separate sectors along the length of the rotor, each of which is equipped with ribbed surfaces of the stator and rotor for simultaneous crushing and/or flattening of the original product based on one rotating rotor.