RU2829169C1 - Grain drying device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machine building, in particular, to grain drying devices. Grain drying device comprises casing 1, the surface of which is coated with a layer of heat-insulating material 2, loading neck 3, unloading window 4, heating elements 5, fan 6, air duct 7, as well as installed inside the casing transporting working element 8 installed on elastic elements with possibility of causing it to vibrate. Transporting working element 8 is multi-sectional and represents plates 9 rigidly connected and installed in parallel one above the other. Sections are installed in pairs one above the other so that they have the same angle of inclination to the vertical, but directed upwards and downwards, respectively, which is more (90-α), where ϕ is angle of natural slope of grain. Heating elements 5 are installed on the lower side of plates 9. Plates 9 are made of heat-conducting material. Air ducts are located between paired sections of transporting working element.

EFFECT: device provides higher quality of grain drying.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to devices for drying grain.

A device for drying grain is known [Device for drying grain. - Patent RU 181621. - Published 19.07.2018, Bulletin No. 20], which includes a casing, the surface of which is covered with a layer of heat-insulating material, a loading hopper, an unloading window, heating elements, a fan, an air duct, and a transport working element installed inside the casing. The transport working element is made in the form of a tray made of a heat-conducting material, which is mounted on elastic elements with the possibility of imparting vibrations to it. In the lower part of the casing, on the side opposite the loading hopper, a cooling column with perforated plates inside it is installed. The unloading window is installed in the lower part of the cooling column. The air duct is installed below the cooling column. The lower part of the wall of the unloading window, located in the cooling column, and the upper part of the casing above the cooling column are made perforated.

The known device has some disadvantages - low drying quality, which consists of uneven heat supply to the processed product.

The technical result achieved by using the invention is an improvement in the quality of grain drying.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the transporting working element is made multi-sectional with rigidly connected and installed parallel to each other plates. The sections are installed in pairs one above the other in such a way that they have the same, but directed respectively upward and downward angle of inclination to the vertical, which is greater than (90-ϕ), where ϕ is the angle of natural slope of the grain. Heating elements are installed on the lower side of the plates. The plates are made of heat-conducting material. Air ducts are located between the paired sections of the transporting working element.

Fig. 1 shows a general view of the device, and Fig. 2 shows the same, section along A-A.

The grain drying device includes a casing 1, the surface of which is covered with a layer of heat-insulating material 2, a loading neck 3, an unloading window 4, heating elements 5, a fan 6, an air duct 7, and also a transport working element 8 installed inside the casing, mounted on elastic elements 9 with the possibility of imparting vibrations to it using a vibrator 10. The transport working element 8 is made multi-sectional and represents plates rigidly connected and installed parallel to each other. The sections are installed in pairs one above the other in such a way that they have the same, but directed upward and downward, respectively, angle of inclination to the vertical, which is greater than (90-ϕ), where ϕ is the angle of natural slope of the grain. Heating elements 5 are installed on the lower side of the plates. The plates are made of heat-conducting material. Air ducts 7 are located between the paired sections of the transport working element 8.

The device operates as follows. Heating elements 5 are switched on. After the required temperature of the upper surfaces of the plates of the transporting working element 8 is reached, vibrator 10 and fan 6 are switched on. The transporting working element 8, mounted on elastic elements 9, begins to vibrate. Wet grain is fed into loading neck 3, from where it enters the upper sections of the transporting working element 8 and, due to its vibrations, as well as due to the installation of sections with the same (for odd sections, respectively, directed upwards) angle of inclination to the vertical, which is greater than (90-ϕ), where ϕ is the angle of natural slope of the grain, moves in the direction of air ducts 7, simultaneously heating up and losing excess moisture. Since wetter grain rolls down inclined surfaces worse, the installation of sections with the above-mentioned angle of inclination to the vertical allows such grain to move along the surface of the plates without delay, which eliminates its overheating. The installation of heating elements on the lower side of the plates, as well as the production of the plates from a heat-conducting material, allows for the rapid heating of the transport working element 8, which reduces the inertia of the grain heating process by maintaining a more uniform temperature of the plates. Then the heated grain falls from the upper sections of the transport working element 8 to the lower ones. During its fall, the grain loses some moisture, cooling down with the air flow created by the fan 6 and directed through the air ducts 7 through the layer of falling grain. The cooled and partially dried grain enters the heated surfaces of the plates of the lower sections of the transport working element 8, where it is reheated during movement along the plates of the sections installed with the same (for even sections, respectively, directed downwards) angle of inclination to the vertical, which is also greater than (90-ϕ), where ϕ is the angle of natural slope of the grain, in the direction of the unloading window 4. In this case, the grain is dried to the required moisture content and at the end of the last drying cycle is removed from the device through the unloading window 4.

When using grain of another crop, the heating temperature of the plates of the transport working element 8 is changed using heating elements 5, the frequency and (or) amplitude of vibrations transmitted by the vibrator 10 to the transport working element 8 is changed, as well as the speed of the air flow supplied by the fan 6 through the air duct 7.

Thus, the implementation of the transport working element as a multi-section with rigidly connected and installed parallel plates one above the other, the installation of sections in pairs one above the other with the same, but directed respectively upward and downward, angle of inclination to the vertical, which is greater than (90-ϕ), where ϕ is the angle of natural slope of the grain, the installation of heating elements on the underside of the plates, the implementation of plates from heat-conducting material, as well as the arrangement of air ducts between paired sections of the transport working element improves the quality of grain drying.

Claims (1)

A device for drying grain, comprising a casing, the surface of which is covered with a layer of heat-insulating material, a loading neck, an unloading window, heating elements, a fan, an air duct, as well as a transporting working element installed inside the casing, mounted on elastic elements with the possibility of imparting vibrations to it, characterized in that the transporting working element is made multi-sectional and is rigidly connected and installed parallel to one another plates, wherein the sections are installed in pairs one above the other in such a way that they have the same, but directed respectively upward and downward, angle of inclination to the vertical, which is greater than (90-ϕ), where ϕ is the angle of natural slope of the grain, the heating elements are installed on the underside of the plates, the plates are made of heat-conducting material, and the air ducts are located between the paired sections of the transporting working element.

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