RU2827293C1 - Method for controlling relative position of artificial teeth when making complete denture of upper jaw - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, namely to orthopaedic dentistry and aims at increasing the effectiveness of orthopaedic dental treatment of patients with complete absence of teeth. Anatomical impression is taken from the patient's upper jaw. Individual spoon is made. After taking the impression, a working model is cast with an individual tray, on which a rigid polymer base is made. Artificial teeth are placed on a basic wax located on a rigid basis in the centre of the alveolar process. Wax structure is fitted in the oral cavity, and after the arrangement of the frontal teeth has been agreed with the patient, the wax structure is removed from the oral cavity. Entire inner palatal part of the base, fissures of the lateral artificial teeth and cutting edges of the frontal artificial teeth are covered with silicone material with Shore hardness of 95, and after hardening, it is cut off in the palate to form a silicone template for fitting on the dentition. Then the wax structure on the rigid base with the coordinated arrangement of the teeth and the silicone template are transferred for making the prosthesis, wherein the silicone template is applied, the arrangement and conformity of the teeth with the coordinated configuration is controlled.

EFFECT: by using a silicone template, the method enables controlling the exact, coordinated position of the teeth at all stages of making the complete denture of the upper jaw.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

Field of technology

The invention relates to medicine, namely to orthopedic dentistry, and is used to increase the effectiveness of orthopedic dental treatment for patients with a complete absence of teeth.

State of the art

Acrylic base plastics are traditionally used to make complete plate dentures.

A method for manufacturing removable dentures with a base made of hot-polymerized acrylic plastic is known (see Trezubov V.N., Mishnev L.M., Neznanova N.Yu., Fishchev S.B. Orthopedic dentistry. Technology of therapeutic and preventive devices: Textbook for medical universities/Edited by prof. V.N. Trezubov. - St. Petersburg: SpetsLit, 2003. - pp. 185-196).

A complete removable plate denture made of acrylic plastic is known, including a base and artificial teeth, the borders of which are constructed in the traditional way along the valve line (see Trezubov V.N., Shcherbakov A.S., Mishnev L.M. Orthopedic dentistry. Propaedeutics and basics of a private course: Textbook for medical universities / Edited by prof. V.N. Trezubov. - St. Petersburg: SpetsLit, 2001. - p.355).

The disadvantage of the known methods of manufacturing prostheses is the possible displacement of artificial teeth during the manufacturing of the upper jaw prosthesis, which affects the quality and accuracy of the prosthesis.

Disclosure of the essence of the invention

The objective of the claimed invention is to eliminate the shortcomings of the prior art.

The technical result of the claimed invention consists in increasing the accuracy of manufacturing a complete upper jaw prosthesis, while simultaneously simplifying the process of monitoring the relative position of the teeth.

The claimed technical result is achieved due to the fact that the method for monitoring the relative position of artificial teeth during the manufacture of a complete upper jaw denture includes the following stages: placing artificial teeth on base wax, which is located in the center of the alveolar process on a rigid base, then trying on the wax structure in the oral cavity, followed by its removal from the oral cavity, applying silicone material with a hardness of 95 on the entire inner palatal part of the base and the fissures of the lateral artificial teeth and the cutting edges of the front artificial teeth, after hardening of the silicone material, it is trimmed in the palate area, forming a silicone template for precise fitting of the silicone template to the dentition, then the wax structure and the silicone template are transferred for further manufacture of the denture, the silicone template is applied during the manufacture of the denture, monitoring the position of the teeth.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 shows the frontal section of the dental row, with hardened silicone material placed on it on a wax model made on a rigid base.

Fig. 2 shows the lateral section of the dental row, with silicone material placed on it on a wax model made on a rigid base.

Fig. 3 shows a row of teeth with hardened silicone material on a wax model made on a rigid base.

Fig. 4 shows a silicone template, view from the side of the palate on the finished prosthesis after polymerization.

Implementation of the invention

A complete removable denture consists of a polymer rigid base, which has an internal part and an external part. On the base are artificial teeth made of polymer, which are held thanks to the base wax located in the center of the alveolar process.

The method of manufacturing a complete removable denture is as follows: anatomical impressions are obtained from the patient's upper jaw, on which an individual spoon is made. Then the working model is cast after taking the impression with an individual spoon.

Next, a rigid polymer base is made and artificial teeth are installed on it, which are located on the base wax, which in turn passes through the area of the transitional fold, in the center of the alveolar process. Next, a try-on of the wax structure of the teeth on the rigid base is carried out in the oral cavity, followed by its removal from the oral cavity. The configuration and mutual arrangement of the artificial teeth can change, since the base wax has a certain plasticity. To control the exact arrangement of the full dentition, which satisfies the patient and the doctor, the following actions are performed:

Silicone material with a Shore hardness of 95 is applied to the entire inner palatal part of the base and the fissures of the lateral artificial teeth and the cutting edges of the frontal artificial teeth. Silicone with a Shore hardness of 95 does not shrink during the work. After the silicone material has hardened, it is trimmed in the palate area to accurately fit the silicone template to the dentition. Then the wax structure on a rigid base with the exact arrangement of the teeth and the silicone template are transferred for further manufacture of the prosthesis, and the silicone template is applied during the manufacture of the prosthesis, monitoring the arrangement of the teeth and their compliance with the previously saved configuration.

In this way, an exact arrangement of the complete dental row is obtained, which satisfies the patient and the doctor when trying on the prosthesis on a rigid base. As a result, the technician makes an acrylic prosthesis with an exact arrangement of the dental row and hands over the silicone template together with the prosthesis on the upper jaw to the doctor for delivery of the prosthesis.

Thanks to the stated method, and in particular the silicone blank, the dentist can be sure that he will receive the same arrangement of teeth in the front section of the removable denture as he gave to the dental technician.

Also, thanks to the silicone blank, the doctor can show the patient the location of the front teeth, which he approved, and pass it on to the dental technician to repeat the location of the teeth in the front section.

Example of implementation 1

Patient A came to the clinic to have a prosthesis made and wanted the front teeth to be positioned as they were when he was young. As a result, the doctor specified the position of the teeth in the frontal section, performed tests (teeth fittings) so that the upper lip would not throw off the prosthesis and created a silicone blank, then transferred the prosthesis on a rigid polymer base with installed artificial teeth on the base wax together with the silicone blank to the laboratory to make the final upper jaw prosthesis. As a result, the patient receives the required position of the teeth, which he chose during the fitting of the polymer base with the teeth on the base wax.

Example of implementation 2

Patient B came to the clinic to have a maxillary prosthesis made and wanted the same arrangement of teeth as he had before. Previously, he had the second skeletal class, so the alveolar process was pushed forward in the upper jaw in the frontal section. When creating a silicone blank, the doctor gives the dental technician the exact arrangement of the front teeth after tests and fittings. During modeling, the dental technician in the laboratory controls the arrangement of the patient's front teeth using a silicone blank and creates a gap of 2-4 mm between the front and lower incisors.

In orthopedic practice, when making complete removable plate dentures, the doctor often encounters the problem of discrepancies in the placement of the frontal group of teeth during the fitting in the patient's oral cavity of a wax structure on a rigid base and a ready-made acrylic denture made in a dental laboratory.

Thanks to the stated method, the dental technician can see whether he is making the prostheses correctly or whether there are errors at some stages, namely:

1. Is there polymerization shrinkage of plastic or not.

2. Convey the exact location of the front teeth on the future 1-in-1 prosthesis, as the doctor conveyed after trying it on in the oral cavity on a hard base.

3. Show the patient that this is how you agreed to the arrangement of the front teeth, since the silicone blank will have imprints of the arrangement of the front teeth.

4. During hot weather, the dental technician, by applying the key, can return the position of the teeth, as they should look in accordance with the client's wishes and the doctor's decision.

5. Before packing the second part of the cuvette, apply the silicone blank again and make sure that the front teeth are positioned correctly. The prosthesis is not welded with this silicone blank! It is only for checking the position of the teeth in the front section.

The claimed method solves the above problems in a simple way and does not require a large number of additional tools and auxiliary materials in comparison with solutions known in the prior art.

Fig. 1 shows a rigid base with silicone material printed on the fissures of wax teeth and on the cutting edges of the front teeth after two days.

Claims (1)

A method for monitoring the relative position of artificial front teeth in the manufacture of a complete upper jaw denture, comprising the following stages: obtaining an anatomical impression from the patient's upper jaw, making a custom tray, after taking the impression with the custom tray, casting a working model, according to which a rigid polymer base is made, placing the artificial teeth on the base wax, located on the rigid base in the center of the alveolar process, trying on the wax structure in the oral cavity and, after agreeing with the patient on the position of the front teeth, the wax structure is removed from the oral cavity, and silicone material with a hardness of 95 on the Shore scale is applied to the entire inner palatal part of the base, the fissures of the lateral artificial teeth and the cutting edges of the front artificial teeth, and after hardening, it is trimmed in the palate area, forming a silicone template for fitting onto the dentition, then the wax structure on the rigid base with the agreed position of the teeth and the silicone template are transferred for the manufacture of the denture, at in which a silicone template is applied, the positioning and conformity of the teeth with the agreed configuration is controlled.