RU2825457C1 - Method of increasing productivity of pigs using phytocomposition - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: animal breeding.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to cattle breeding and may be used in pig breeding in the period of young pig breeding. Method of increasing productivity of pigs consists in the fact that a phytocomposition based on extracts of Brassica juncea and Helianthus tuberosus is introduced into the basic ration of animals from 2 months of age for 60 days. Phytocomposition is administered orally in dose of 15 mg/kg of body weight of Brassica juncea extract and 93 mg/kg of body weight of Helianthus tuberosus extract a day.

EFFECT: use of the invention will allow to increase productive qualities of pigs.

1 cl, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to animal husbandry, and can be used in feeding farm animals, in particular young pigs during periods of technological stress.

The positive effect of Jerusalem artichoke extract in feeding laying hens has been proven. First of all, Jerusalem artichoke is a rich source of inulin, which has prebiotic properties. The use of Jerusalem artichoke extract in feeding laying hens of an industrial flock resulted in an increase in egg production by 7.2%, average egg weight by 4.4%, livestock safety by 4.0%; a decrease in feed costs per 10 eggs by 23.5%, per 1 kg of egg mass - by 24.2%; contributed to the formation of the strongest egg shell, an increase in the concentration of protein in eggs (Bagno O.A., 2022).

A method of feeding agricultural poultry is known by including Sarepta mustard extract in the composition of phase complete compound feeds intended for laying hens in an amount of 10 to 90 mg / kg of feed, which made it possible to increase the egg productivity of the bird. Thus, egg production per average laying hen increased by 4.8-13.1%, the intensity of egg production - by 3.95-10.60%. In addition, as a result of feeding the additive, the survivability of the livestock was increased by 2.0-6.0%, feed costs were reduced by 2.6-13.1% (Bagno O.A., Shevchenko S.A., Shevchenko A.I., 2022).

It is known that the use of a feed additive enriched with extracts of juzgun and Jerusalem artichoke in cows' diets contributed to an increase in the energy value of milk by increasing fat content by 17.6%, casein content by 5.5%, lactose by 6.4%, calcium by 4.3%, phosphorus by 9.2%, and milk density by 0.7%. At the same time, a decrease in the content of whey protein and somatic cells in milk was noted. In the blood of experimental animals, an increase in the content of total protein by 14.5%, glucose by 23.6%, calcium by 12.4%, phosphorus by 26.7% was found (Eszhanova G.T., 2023).

It was found that the addition of Jerusalem artichoke to the ram diet improved nutrient digestibility, feed value and some blood parameters. The studied diets were as follows: 1) control, consisting of 60% concentrate mixture + 40% wheat straw; 2) 52.5% concentrate + 7.5% Jerusalem artichoke + 40% straw; 3) 45% concentrate + 15% Jerusalem artichoke + 40% straw; 4) 30% concentrate + 30% Jerusalem artichoke + 40% straw. The results showed that animals receiving diets No. 2 and 3 demonstrated higher values (P < 0.05) of most digestibility coefficients and nutritional value compared to the control diet. The obtained results of some blood parameters showed the same dynamics of diet digestibility (A.M. Abd El-Mola, 2018).

A new additive to the diet of fattening pigs is proposed, described in patent RU No. 2655843 , published on 29.05.2018, containing liquid leuzea extract, vegetable oil, limestone flour, defluorinated phosphate, table salt, mineral and vitamin complex, synthetic amino acids, which made it possible to reliably increase the average daily live weight gain of fattening pigs by 10.2%.

A feed additive for use in the diets of agricultural poultry and pigs as a plant stimulant in stressful conditions and for removing toxic substances from the body that enter with feed is known, described in patent RU No. 2355187, published . 05.20.2009. The additive contains the sorbent opoka and a herbal collection, including oregano, St. John's wort, coltsfoot, plantain, tansy, celandine, sweet clover, wormwood, yarrow, chamomile, stinging nettle.

A significant disadvantage of feed additives is their complex composition, as well as insufficient productivity and safety of farm animals.

The technical result of the present invention is the enrichment of the diet of young pigs with a phytocomposition based on extracts of mustard (Brassica juncea L.) and Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus), which ensures an increase in the productive qualities of animals.

Extracts of Sarepta mustard and Jerusalem artichoke were obtained by the method of water-ethanol extraction followed by vacuum low-temperature drying according to patents RU 2752995 Published 11.08.2021 and RU 2755217 Published 14.09.2021.

The active ingredients of the phytocomposition based on extracts of Sarepta mustard and Jerusalem artichoke are the following biologically active substances: essential oil - 2%, ascorbic acid - 1.5%, calcium - 4.5%, phosphorus - 3.5%, carotene - 1.3%, inulin - 25%, fructose - 3%, protein - 3.0%, potassium - 31%, iron - 3.7%, silicon - 10%, nitrogenous substances - 11.5%, which help stimulate metabolic processes in the body of young animals and have a positive effect on their productive qualities.

The method is carried out as follows.

A phytocomposition based on extracts of Sarepta mustard and Jerusalem artichoke is introduced into the daily basic diet of young pigs from 2 months of age at a dosage of 15 mg/kg of body weight and 93 mg/kg of body weight per day, respectively, for 60 days, which allows increasing live weight by 14.7%, average daily gain by 23.5%.

Example of execution:

Experimental studies were conducted on the basis of the peasant farm "Abramov S.G." Topkinsky district on young pigs of the Large White breed.

At the beginning of the main period of the experiment (from 2 months of age), the conditions of keeping and feeding for the groups were the same, but in addition to the main diet, the animals of the experimental groups were given orally different doses of a phytocomposition based on extracts of Sarepta mustard and Jerusalem artichoke according to the experimental scheme (Table 1). The animals of the control group received the main diet (BD) adopted on the farm. The duration of the experiment was 60 days.

Table 1 - Scheme of scientific and economic experiment

Group Number of heads Doses of administration of phytocomposition Control 10 Basic diet (BD) Experienced 1 10 (OR) + phytocomposition of mustard extract (Brassica juncea L.) at a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight and Jerusalem artichoke extract (Helianthus tuberosus) at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight Experienced 2 10 (OR) + phytocomposition of mustard extract (Brassica juncea L.) at a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight and Jerusalem artichoke extract (Helianthus tuberosus) at a dose of 71 mg/kg body weight Experienced 3 10 (OR) + phytocomposition of mustard extract (Brassica juncea L.) at a dose of 15 mg/kg body weight and Jerusalem artichoke extract (Helianthus tuberosus) at a dose of 93 mg/kg body weight Experienced 4 10 (OR) + phytocomposition of mustard extract (Brassica juncea L.) at a dose of 20 mg/kg body weight and Jerusalem artichoke extract (Helianthus tuberosus) at a dose of 114 mg/kg body weight

The results of the research are presented in Table 2.

Table 2 – Growth rate of young pigs, M±m

Indicator Group Control Experienced I Experimental II Experimental III Experimental IV Number of animals, heads 10 10 10 10 10 Duration of the experiment, days 60 60 60 60 60 Live weight at 60 days of age, kg 16.22±1.28 16.18±1.10 16.16±0.70 16.20±0.88 16.19±0.98 Live weight at the end of the experiment, kg 43.5±1.50 44.2±1.82 44.6±1.77 49.9±1.10* 49.5±1.13* Average daily gain, g 454 ± 9.48 467±8.10 474 ± 10.50 561±7.80* 555 ± 8.60* Gross gain, kg 27.3 28.0 28.4 33.7 33.3

*P < 0.05 compared to control

The analysis of the obtained data shows that the experimental animals outperformed the control animals in all the studied parameters. Thus, the average live weight at the end of the experiment was 1.6% higher in the 1st experimental group, 2.5% higher in the 2nd experimental group, 14.7% higher in the 3rd experimental group (P<0.05), and 13.8% higher in the 4th experimental group (P<0.05). The average daily gain was 2.8% higher in the 1st experimental group, 4.4% higher in the 2nd experimental group, 23.5% higher in the 3rd experimental group (P<0.05), and 22.2% higher in the 4th experimental group (P<0.05) compared to the control analogues.

Thus, based on the above, it can be concluded that feeding a phytocomposition based on extracts of Sarepta mustard and Jerusalem artichoke with an optimal dosage of 15 mg/kg of body weight and 93 mg/kg of body weight per day, respectively, has a positive effect on the productive qualities of animals.

Claims (13)

A method for increasing the productive qualities of pigs, characterized by the fact that a phytocomposition based on extracts of Sarepta mustard and Jerusalem artichoke, obtained by the method of water-ethanol extraction followed by vacuum low-temperature drying, is introduced into the main diet of animals, wherein the phytocomposition is administered to young pigs for 60 days orally per day at a dose of 15 mg/kg of body weight of Sarepta mustard extract and 93 mg/kg of body weight of Jerusalem artichoke extract, and the phytocomposition includes active substances in the following ratio of components, wt. %: - essential oil - 2, - ascorbic acid - 1.5, - calcium - 4.5, - phosphorus - 3.5, - carotene - 1.3, - inulin - 25, - fructose - 3, - protein - 3.0, - potassium - 31, - iron - 3.7, - silicon - 10, - nitrogenous substances - 11.5.