RU2811372C1 - Method for determining brand of transformer oils - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil-filled power electrical equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a technique for diagnosing oil-filled power electrical equipment, in particular to determining the brand of transformer oil. The method for determining the brand of transformer oils is to determine the plane in RGB space on which the colour coordinates of the test oil are located when illuminated with white violet light, the peculiarity of which is that the oil sample is illuminated with a white violet light source at a wavelength of 400 nm, colour coordinates are determined by the luminescent glow of the oil in the visible range, and by their values they determine whether the oil belongs to a particular brand.

EFFECT: improving the quality of diagnostics and performance of transformer oil and the efficiency of control.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a technique for diagnosing oil-filled power electrical equipment, in particular, to determining the grade of transformer oil. This invention can be used as a rapid analysis for identifying transformer oil, which will allow for the most accurate study of the condition of the sample, as well as measures for oil regeneration.

The authors have not found a single patented method for determining the brand of transformer oil. There are articles in the literature devoted to this issue. Article [1] proposes to identify the brand of the oil under study based on an analysis of the transmission spectrum of mineral transformer oil in the range of 300-1000 nm, which makes it possible to estimate the content of polyaromatic and resinous asphaltene substances in the oil, as well as the ratio of naphthenic and paraffin hydrocarbons in the oil. This method requires special equipment to obtain transmission spectra and laboratory analysis of the data obtained.

In work [2], based on the dependence of the transmission spectra of transformer oils and their color coordinates, the issue of determining the brand of oil and its operational properties after regeneration is resolved. Having obtained the transmission spectrum of an unknown oil, and having determined which oil’s transmission spectrum it is closer to, the brand of oil can be determined from the side of long wavelengths. By determining the color coordinates of an unknown oil, depending on which plane they fall on, it is also possible to determine the brand of oil. This technique requires additional knowledge of special programs for constructing planes and relating them to the studied data.

The authors propose a different approach that significantly simplifies the measurement procedure and, accordingly, speeds up obtaining the result for determining the brand of transformer oil. The oil brand is determined in the proposed method using the established dependence of the chromaticity coordinates on the transformer oil brand.

The basis of the proposed invention is the task of creating a method for determining the brand of oil according to the color characteristics of the test sample.

In the modern energy industry, the main type of liquid insulation of power transformers is transformer oil [3], while different production technologies are used, as well as petroleum raw materials of different origins, which accordingly entails different characteristics for different brands of oils. For different types and voltage classes of oil-filled electrical equipment, different brands of oil are used. At the same time, in practice there are situations when it is unknown what type of oil is used in a particular equipment, or the origin and quality of the oil from the supplier is unknown.

Currently, the domestic oil refining industry produces and supplies the following transformer oils:

- GK according to TU 38.101.1025-85 (previously according to TU 38.401.358-84), mainly from West Siberian oils, produced using hydrocracking and catalytic dewaxing processes. Produced by JSC Angarsk Petrochemical Company;

- SA according to TU 38.401.1033-95, mainly from West Siberian oils, produced using selective purification processes, low-temperature dewaxing and special adsorption purification. Produced by JSC "Novoufimsky Oil Refinery";

- T-1500U according to TU 38.401.58107-94, mainly from West Siberian oils, produced using selective purification processes, low-temperature dewaxing and hydrotreating. Produced by JSC Ufaneftekhim and OJSC Nizhegorodnefteorgsintez;

- TSP according to GOST 10121-76, mainly from West Siberian oils, produced using selective purification processes, low-temperature dewaxing, contact or hydrotreating. Produced by oil refineries JSC "Ufaneftekhim", JSC "Novoufimsky Oil Refinery"; OJSC Nizhegorodnefteorgsintez, JSC Omsk Refinery;

- TKp according to TU 38.401.5849-92, mainly from Anastasievskaya oil, produced using acid-base purification and contact post-treatment processes. Produced at the Yaroslavl Oil and Oil Plant named after. DI. Mendeleev;

- VG according to TU 38.401.978-93, mainly from West Siberian oils, produced using hydrocracking and catalytic dewaxing. Produced by JSC Lukoil-Volgograd-nefteorgsintez.

Many energy enterprises retain the following transformer oils previously produced in the USSR: T-1500, according to GOST 982-80 from Baku oils, produced by the Baku Oil Refinery; T-750 according to GOST 982-80, from Anastasievskaya oil, produced by the Yaroslavl Oil Refinery named after. D.I. Mendeleev; TKp, according to TU 38.101.890-81, from Baku oils, produced by the Baku Oil Refinery; TAp according to TU 38.101.281-80, mainly from Anastasievskaya oil, produced at the Batumi oil refinery, using a special adsorption purification process; MB according to TU 38.101.857-80, from Baku oils, produced at the Baku Oil Refinery using a special acid-base cleaning process, intended for oil switches in areas with cold climates [4]. The technical literature, which considers the use of transformer oils in transformers, sets out in detail both the requirements for them and various aspects of the physicochemical properties of this important component of the power transformer [3, 5]. It is important to note that the use of a particular brand of oil in certain equipment is also regulated by special documents [4, 6]. The general rule is this: the higher the voltage on the equipment where the oil is supposed to be used, the more requirements are placed on the latter in terms of a number of indicators.

During the operation of transformer equipment, oil requires topping up and it is possible to mix different brands. Adding oil to the transformer is carried out taking into account the area of application of the oils and the order of their mixing when adding in accordance with the requirement of circular Ts-01-98(E) [4, 7]. For example, HA hydrocracking oil is recommended for use, as a rule, without mixing with other oils. If necessary, to mix GK oil with other oils, it is most rational to use oils of the GB, T-1500 and T-750 brands [8]. There are also cases in practice when oil is simply discontinued from production. According to information from the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Oil Refining (JSC VNII NP), the production of transformer oils of the TKp, TK, TSO and T-750 brands has been discontinued for environmental reasons. But, despite this, in some high-voltage oil-filled electrical equipment there are oils with this brand; for high-quality maintenance of electrical equipment, topping up and mixing oils, it is also necessary to accurately determine the brand of oil.

Determining the brand of transformer oils is important during their regeneration [9], i.e. determining the quality of purification and predicting the service life of these purified oils [10]. And also for carrying out a high-quality filling and mixing procedure, since it is not always reliably known what kind of oil is poured into the equipment.

The objective of the claimed invention is to create a method for determining the grade of transformer oil.

The technical result is the short duration of the experiment to obtain color characteristics, the low cost of testing the sample due to the absence of expensive reagents, and the high accuracy of identifying the oil brand. As a result, the quality of diagnostics and performance of transformer oil and the efficiency of control are increased.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method for determining the brand of transformer oils, which consists in determining the plane in RGB space on which the color coordinates of the test oil are located when illuminated with white light, according to the present invention, the illumination of the oil sample is carried out with a white and violet light source at the wavelength 400 nm, color coordinates are determined from the luminescent glow of the oil in the visible range, and their values determine whether the oil belongs to a particular brand.

To implement it according to the scheme (Fig. 1), samples of the most common brands of transformer oil were examined (Table 1).

To implement the task, at the first stage of the test, photographs were taken of test tubes with samples of transformer oils from Table 1 when they were irradiated with white, violet with a wavelength of 400 nm and green with a wavelength of 531 nm (Fig. 2).

To obtain reliable color coordinates for the studied oil samples, the specialized Get-Color program was used. The RGB coordinates (Red-red, Green-green, Blue-blue) of the value of each oil at the beginning of the cuvette, in the middle and on the screen were taken. These commands were performed using the eyedropper tool, which in turn has a color averaging function and are shown in Table 2.

As a result of the analysis of the data obtained, when illuminated with violet color in the middle of the transmitted radiation, it is possible to clearly identify ranges of RGB values for different brands of transformer oil, where the range of the GK brand is clearly expressed (Table 3)

Also, when illuminated with violet color (in the middle of the transmitted radiation), color differences are clearly visible depending on the brand of oil. The GK brand has blue-blue shades. The remaining stamps are dark blue, dark purple and dark green.

Thus, the proposed method for determining the brand of transformer oil, based on the dependence of the color coordinates on the brand of transformer oil, is highly reliable. The use of the proposed method is promising for the practical solution of problems in the electric power industry in the field of determining the transformer oil used, since it does not require special equipment, has high determination accuracy and allows for objective research of oil parameters and its maintenance.

Bibliography

1. Garifullin M.Sh., Giniatullin R.A., Kozlov V.K. [and others] Determination of production technology and brand of mineral transformer oils by their optical spectra // News of higher educational institutions. Energy problems, - 2017. - No. 19 (9-10). - pp. 59-64. https://doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2017-19-9-10-59-64

2. D.M. Valiullina, Yu.K. Ilyasova, V.K. Kozlov [et al.] Methodology for determining the grade of transformer oil // Bulletin of the Kazan State Technical University named after. A.N. Tupolev. - 2020. - T. 76, No. 3. - pp. 127-130.

3. Lipshtein, R.A. Transformer oil / R.A. Lipshtein, M.I. Shakhnovich. M.: Energoatomizdat, - 1983. -296 p.

4. STO 70238424.27.100053-2013. Energy oils and oil industries of power stations and networks. Organization of operation and maintenance. Norms and requirements. M.: NP "INVEL", 2013. 163 p.

5. Aptov I.S., Khomyakov M.V. "Caring for insulating oil." - Moscow-Leningrad: Energy, 1966. Page 112.

6. ST-IA-30.2-2.1-27-02-2016 “Scope and procedure for mixing transformer oils” // as amended by Tyumenenergo JSC. - 2016. -28 p.

7. Tomin V.P., Korchevy E.N. Study of the aging of transformer oils in an atmosphere of various gases under the influence of an electric field // Energetik. 2017. No. 5. pp. 25-28.

8. Kozlov V.K., Garifullin M.Sh. Monitoring the condition of transformer oils by their optical spectra // New in Russian electrical power engineering. 2017. No. 1. pp. 16-22.

9. Abdrashitov P.P. Diagnostics and monitoring of power transformers. The role and place of information technology in modern science: Sat. Art. international scientific-practical conf. - Ufa: Aeterna, 2018. pp. 19-21.

10. Poiss G., Vitolina S., Marks J. Development of a Risk Matrix Considering Specific Features of the Power Transformer Park of Latvia. Advances in Science, Technology and Engineering Systems Journal. 2018. Vol.3. No. 1. pp. 148-154.

Claims (1)

A method for determining the brand of transformer oils, which consists in determining the plane in RGB space on which the color coordinates of the test oil are located when illuminated with white violet light, the peculiarity of which is that the illumination of the oil sample is carried out with a white violet light source at a wavelength of 400 nm, coordinates colors are determined by the luminescent glow of the oil in the visible range, and their values determine whether the oil belongs to a particular brand.