RU2848479C2 - Method for prediction of probability of making professional errors on railway transport - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, namely to preventive medicine, and can be used for the prediction of a probability of making occupational errors at railway transport. Method comprises analysis of indicators such as blood oxygen saturation, diastolic blood pressure, stress index, determining adaptation potential. Then, taking into account the obtained indicators, determining the occupational errors making coefficient (R) according to the given mathematical formula. When R is less than 0.3 standard units low probability of emergency situations on railway transport is predicted.

EFFECT: method enables selecting a group of drivers with a high risk of making occupational errors and taking timely preventive measures by evaluating a set of the most significant psychophysiological factors.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of railway transport, in particular, to systems for monitoring and controlling the functional indicators of a driver, and can also be used to predict the risk of committing professional errors in railway transport.

The functional state of a person can be judged by a combination of various psychophysiological indicators. A known method of assessment is based on the activity of regulatory systems calculated from the spectral and mathematical-statistical characteristics of the heart rhythm (Baevsky RM Forecasting states on the border between norm and pathology. - Moscow, 1979). The development of this method is found in Russian Federation Patent No. 2028078, IPC A61B 5/04 "Device for monitoring and correcting the functional state of a person", Gondareva L.N., Lazutkin A.G., Razumov N.V., Tungatarov R.B., Gorshenin S.Yu., Koichubekov B.K., application 5020570/14, 1991.07.26. Published on February 9, 1995, this method allows for the presentation of physiological parameters and an integrated score assessment of a person's condition to both the researcher and the subject for express monitoring and self-monitoring. This method allows for the assessment of the integrated cardiovascular system indicator (PARS). Its drawback is that it assesses only one component of a person's functional state—the state of the cardiovascular system. https://yandex.m/patents/doc/RU2028078Cl_19950209.

A “Method for assessing and predicting the functional state of workers in transport professions” is known - Russian Federation Patent No. 2378979, IPC A61B 5/100, authors Vilk M.F., Viktorov V.S., Bulyuk A.N., Vorontsova I.G., Tulushev V.N., Application: 2008133183/14, 14.08.2008, Published: 20.01.2010 Bulletin No. 2, including the measurement of psychophysiological indicators using the following methods and tests:

Physiological indicators:

• resting heart rate;

• Baevsky's heart rate stress index;

• Ruffier-Dixon index. Psychophysiological indicators:

• tapping test;

• time of simple visual-motor reaction;

• time of complex visual-motor reaction;

• Wechsler Symbol-Digit Test. Psychological indicators:

• general health status according to Goldberg;

• Taylor's personality anxiety;

• situational anxiety according to Spielberger-Khanin;

• coefficient of vegetative balance according to the Luscher-Shiposh color test;

• subjective minute according to Halberger-Moiseeva.

The method is suitable for automated psychophysiological assessment of transport workers; however, it does not allow for a prompt assessment of the driver's condition at pre-trip inspection stations or the likelihood of professional errors during work by a railway driver. https://vandex.ru/patents/doc/RU2378979C1_20100120

The technical result of the proposed invention is to reduce the number of professional violations in railway transport by identifying drivers and assistant drivers at risk, thereby reducing the number of emergencies in railway transport.

The proposed method for predicting emergency situations in railway transport is based on the analysis of the psychophysiological indicators of the driver's body, followed by analysis and calculation of the probability of committing professional errors.

To calculate this method, it's necessary to measure and calculate the following parameters: adaptive potential, stress level, diastolic blood pressure, and blood oxygen saturation. The calculation is performed using a unique formula.

The method we developed uses the following characteristics:

1. Adaptation potential (AP).

2. Stress level (SL).

3. Diastolic blood pressure (DBP).

4. Blood oxygen saturation (SpO ₂ ).

It was these four characteristics that showed the highest correlation rates (from 0.33 to 0.71) with the professional violations committed, identified among the examined drivers.

The measured indicators are assessed as follows:

1. Adaptation potential is calculated using the formula:

AP=0.011*HR+0.014*SBP+0.008*DBP+0.014*B+0.009*M-0.009*P-0.27,

where HR is the heart rate; SBP is the systolic blood pressure; DBP is the diastolic blood pressure; A is the age in years; M is the body weight in kg; P is the height in cm.

2. The stress level was calculated based on the contour analysis of the pulse wave recorded by photoplethysmography on the AngioScan-01 device (AngioScan-Electronics LLC, Russia).

3. Diastolic blood pressure was measured using an automatic tonometer “Omron M2Eco”.

4. Blood oxygen saturation was measured using the Angio-Scan-01 device (OOO AngioScan-Electronics, Russia).

After measuring and calculating all the characteristics, a single, integrated value emerged that would clearly indicate the presence or absence of a risk of professional errors. Using mathematical methods, a hypothesis was developed that if the maximum characteristic values equal to the physiological norm were subtracted from the measured values of the drivers and divided by these same limits, the resulting value would be zero or close to zero. The hypothesis was confirmed: with the smallest deviation from the physiological norm, the value was zero or close to zero. It is worth noting that diastolic pressure showed a stronger correlation (0.71), differing approximately twofold from other values with professional errors. Therefore, a decision was made to increase this value by multiplying it by two.

The following physiological norms were taken as boundaries:

A stress index greater than 150 conventional units is considered abnormal. The cutoff value is 150.

The normal value of diastolic blood pressure is no more than 85 mmHg. The limit value is 85.

An adaptive potential value of <2.1 standard units is considered normal. The cutoff value is 2.1.

The reference value for blood oxygen saturation is 100%. It's worth noting that with the previous indicators, exceeding the threshold indicated negative changes, but with blood oxygen saturation, it's the opposite: the lower the value, the worse. Therefore, in this method, we subtract the threshold from the determined value, not the threshold, but vice versa. The result of this work was the following formula:

where R is the coefficient of professional errors; IS is the stress index; DAD is the diastolic pressure; AP is the adaptation potential; S is the blood oxygen saturation.

Result of calculation of characteristics.

Application of the proposed method to the surveyed drivers revealed values ranging from -0.898 to 5.074 standard units (Fig. 1, Fig. 2). Drivers with values ranging from -0.898 to 0.3 had psychophysiological characteristics more closely aligned with physiological norms. Drivers with an integral indicator R>0.3, on the other hand, committed professional violations more frequently than others, while the physiological characteristics of this group also fell outside the physiological norm for one or more indicators.

Thus, it was concluded that drivers with an integral indicator >0.3 are more likely than others to have a risk of committing professional violations.

Example #1

Most psychophysiological characteristics (S=98, IS=36, DAD=82, AP=2.8) were within physiological norms. The value R=-0.469 indicates a low probability of committing professional errors (Fig. 1).

Example #2

Most psychophysiological characteristics (S=95, IS=600, DAD=94, AP=2.8) fall outside the physiological norm. R=3.642 indicates a high probability of professional errors (Fig. 2).

The psychophysiological characteristics of the drivers were taken from the database for which a registration certificate was received. Database registration certificate 2020622635, December 14, 2020. Application No. 2020621865 dated October 6, 2020. Anthropometric characteristics of locomotive crew drivers (authors: Moskvin A.A., Tselykh E.D., Akhtyamov M.Kh., Evseeva G.P.), (https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=44439756).

During the study, five train drivers from a group with a high risk of professional errors died from various non-communicable diseases. This finding suggests that the method can also identify individuals at risk for developing various non-communicable diseases that require medical attention.

Claims (16)

A method for predicting the likelihood of professional errors in railway transport, including the determination of functional indicators of the body of train drivers, characterized by determining blood oxygen saturation, diastolic blood pressure, stress index, and determining the adaptive potential using the formula: 0.011*HR+0.014*SBP+0.008*DBP 4-0.014*B+0.009*M-0.009*P-0.27, where HR is the heart rate; SBP – systolic blood pressure; DBP – diastolic blood pressure; B - age in years; M – body weight in kg; R - height in cm; then, taking into account the obtained indicators, the probability of committing professional errors is determined using the formula: where R is the coefficient of professional errors; S - blood oxygen saturation; IS - stress index; DAD - diastolic pressure; AR - adaptation potential; and at R less than 0.3 conventional units, a low probability of emergency situations in rail transport is predicted.