RU2847834C1 - System for intercepting and neutralising unmanned aerial vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: aviation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to means for intercepting and destroying unmanned aerial vehicles. The system for intercepting and neutralising unmanned aerial vehicles consists of a detection device and an interception and destruction device mounted on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The interception and destruction device consists of a housing (3) with a cover (4). At least four projectile tubes (5) are mounted on the body (3), each of which ends with a projectile (6). The projectiles (6) are connected to a net (7) and are designed to be ejected. The container (8) is designed to store the net until it is used. The body (3) with the cover (4) and tubes (5) form a single combustion chamber equipped with a shutter (9) into which a pyrotechnic cartridge (10) and two spring-loaded contacts are inserted to conduct current to the electric cap for initiating the pyrotechnic cartridge. The shutter contact is soldered to a wire with a universal connector for connection to the UAV flight controller.

EFFECT: increased reliability of the device.

10 cl, 3 dwg

Description

AREA OF TECHNOLOGY

The claimed invention relates to aviation technology, in particular to devices for unmanned aerial vehicles intended for intercepting and neutralizing an aerial target, namely an unmanned aerial vehicle.

PRIOR ART

Devices for intercepting and engaging aerial targets are known, such as a device for ejecting a net for intercepting an unmanned aerial vehicle (see CN118328780A, published July 12, 2024), which pertains to the technical field of intercepting unmanned aerial vehicles. The device consists of a hollow tube, to the peripheral side of which a trap net is rigidly attached, a detection and ignition unit is rigidly attached to the upper part of the hollow tube, six propellant propellant units in a circular grid mode are rigidly attached to the peripheral side of the trap net, six protective sleeves are rigidly attached to the peripheral side of the hollow tube, and the positions of the protective sleeves correspond to the propellant propellant units. The outer side of each propellant feed unit is rigidly connected to a landing unit, and multiple landing units are rigidly connected to the surface of the intercepting net. According to the invention, an unmanned aerial vehicle in the air can be shielded and intercepted, so that an unmanned aerial vehicle that has illegally entered a no-fly zone can be effectively repelled and controlled, and a collision between an external unmanned aerial vehicle and power equipment is prevented.

Also known from the prior art is an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) interceptor (see RU2699148, published February 13, 2018), which comprises a fuselage constructed as a truss structure and a trapezoidal wing with engines. The fuselage houses weapons, such as a small arms system, which is attached to the fuselage structure via a forward mounting point, designed as a sliding dovetail mount, and a damping rear mounting point. The weapons are positioned along a design axis passing through the UAV's center of mass. This ensures effective engagement of aerial targets with small arms while maintaining flight characteristics by suppressing the effects of weapon recoil.

The closest analogue (prototype) to the claimed device for intercepting unmanned aerial vehicles is the interceptor unmanned aerial vehicle (see RU2825353, published August 26, 2024), which has a body with control, navigation, and power supply systems, a propeller-motor unit, and a device for launching the munition. The launcher comprises three launch tubes connected to a cavity containing a compensation chamber with a concave surface located opposite the inlet connecting the cavity to the source of excess pressure.

The proposed prototype comes closest to solving the problems addressed by the claimed invention. However, according to the applicant, it does not solve the problem in the most efficient way, as the prototype device is activated by compressed air or a squib triggered by an electromagnet, rather than an electric igniter. This change affects the weight of the entire device, its reliability, and its range—a difference of more than 0.5 kg. An electric igniter consumes significantly less current and is more reliable than a solenoid. The similar patent also includes a combustion chamber and an expansion chamber to which the launch tubes are connected. The claimed invention eliminates the expansion chamber, as the tubes are connected directly to the combustion chamber.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical result is increased reliability thanks to the use of a pyrotechnic cartridge, which offers stability, a wide operating temperature range, and ease of use. The pyrotechnic cartridge has sufficient energy to deploy the network at speeds exceeding 180 km/h.

The technical result is achieved by creating a system for intercepting and neutralizing unmanned aerial vehicles, which contains a detection device and an interception and destruction means, placed on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), made in the form of a launcher, which contains a housing with a lid, on which at least four throwing tubes are placed, at the ends of the tubes throwing loads are placed, connected to a network, initiated by a control signal of the UAV carrying the means of destruction.

The system is equipped with a container for the network, the housing with the lid and tubes represent a single combustion chamber, equipped with a shutter, into which a pyropatron is inserted and contacts that serve to conduct current to the electric capsule to initiate the pyropatron shot, the shutter contact is connected by soldering to a wire with a universal connector for connection to the UAV flight controller.

In a preferred embodiment, the shutter consists of a plastic housing that serves as an insulator.

In a preferred embodiment, the weapon is positioned below the carrier UAV in such a way as to ensure downward and forward movement of the weapon.

In a preferred embodiment, the detection device is in the form of a thermal imager.

In one embodiment, the mesh is made of nylon or aramid fiber.

In one embodiment, the propellant cartridges are made of plastic or metal.

In one embodiment, the network is made with rectangular cells.

In one embodiment, the network is made with square cells.

In one embodiment, the network is made as a single-piece network.

In one embodiment, the network is made from individual threads.

In one embodiment, the mesh thread contains micro-roughness.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The essence of the invention is explained by the following graphic material.

Fig. 1 shows a means for intercepting and destroying unmanned aerial vehicles in a disassembled state.

Fig. 2 shows a means for intercepting and destroying unmanned aerial vehicles in an assembled state.

Fig. 3 shows a means for intercepting and destroying unmanned aerial vehicles in an assembled state.

The positions in Figs. 1-3 indicate the following:

1-Detection device;

2-Means of interception and destruction;

3-Building;

4-Case cover;

5-Throwing tube;

6-Throwing load;

7-Network;

8-Net container;

9-Shutter;

10-Pyro cartridge.

The figures provided illustrate particular implementation cases and do not cover or limit the entire scope of implementation options for this technical solution.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

In accordance with an example of the embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 3, the system for intercepting and neutralizing unmanned aerial vehicles consists of a detection device (1) and an interception and destruction means (2) placed on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV).

The interception and destruction device (2), shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, consists of a housing (3) with a cover (4). The housing (3) and cover (4) constitute the main load-bearing part of the interception and destruction device (2). The housing is made of a durable material resistant to external influences and provides protection for the internal components. The combustion chamber is located within the housing and serves to generate the pressure necessary for ejecting the net. The combustion chamber is equipped with a shutter that prevents unauthorized activation of the mechanism.

At least four launch tubes (5) are mounted on the body (3), each ending in a launch weight (6). The launch tubes (5) can be attached to the body via a threaded connection. Threads are made on the outer surfaces of the tubes, and matching threads are made on the holes in the body where the tubes are installed. The launch weights are positioned freely within the tubes and have a diameter smaller than the diameter of the tube. These tubes guide the net to the target after launch.

Throwing weights (6) are connected to the net (7) and are used to eject it. The weights can be made of plastic or metal, ensuring their reliability and durability. The throwing weights are firmly connected to the net and also serve to weigh it down.

The net (7) is preferably made of nylon or aramid fiber and has meshes of various shapes (rectangular, square), allowing for an optimal balance of area, net weight, and lethality. The net may be solid or composed of individual threads. The threads may contain microscopic irregularities to improve adhesion to the target, increase roughness, and improve mesh engagement with the intruder drone components, as well as improve winding onto the motor shaft.

The network container (8) is designed to store the network before use. The container is located inside the housing and provides protection for the network from external influences.

The shutter (9) is made of a plastic housing that serves as an insulator. The shutter contains two spring-loaded contacts that transmit the electrical impulse to the pyropatron.

The pyropatron (10), installed in the combustion chamber, initiates the firing of the network by creating high pressure.

The universal connector allows you to connect the device to the UAV flight controller for remote control of the interception process.

A thermal imaging camera, in a specific embodiment, is used as a target detection device. It helps pinpoint the location of intercepted UAVs even in poor visibility conditions and allows for the capture of rogue drones at night or in conditions of limited visibility.

The device for intercepting and destroying unmanned aerial vehicles (Fig. 3) operates as follows. The detection device (1), in particular a thermal imager, detects the UAV and transmits its location data to the onboard computer. After receiving target data, the device is prepared for interception. The pyropatron (10) is installed in the combustion chamber, and the contacts are connected to the flight controller. Upon command from the flight controller, an electrical pulse is sent to the shutter contacts (9). This triggers the pyropatron, which creates high pressure in the combustion chamber. High pressure in the combustion chamber leads to the ejection of projectile weights (6) together with the net (7) through the projectile tubes (5). The net (7) unfolds and is directed toward the target. The net envelops the UAV, immobilizing it and preventing further flight. Microroughness on the net threads improves adhesion to the target surface. After successful interception, the target is neutralized, and the operation is completed. The device is ready for new use after recharging.

Thus, this device represents a highly effective system for intercepting and neutralizing unmanned aerial vehicles, combining advanced technology and reliable design.

Claims (10)

1. A system for intercepting and neutralizing unmanned aerial vehicles, comprising a detection device and an interception and destruction means placed on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), made in the form of a launcher, which comprises a housing with a lid, on which at least four projectile tubes are placed, projectile loads are placed at the ends of the tubes, connected to a network, initiated by a control signal of the UAV carrying the means of destruction, characterized in that the system is equipped with a container for the network, the housing with the lid and tubes represent a single combustion chamber, equipped with a shutter, into which a pyropatron is inserted and two spring-loaded contacts serving to conduct current into the electric capsule to initiate the firing of the pyropatron, the shutter contact is connected by soldering to a wire with a universal connector for connection to the flight controller of the UAV. 2. The system according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the shutter consists of a plastic housing, which is an insulator. 3. The system according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the means of destruction is placed below the carrier UAV in such a way as to ensure the movement of the means of destruction downwards and forwards. 4. The system according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the detection device is made in the form of a thermal imager. 5. The system according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the mesh is made of nylon or aramid fiber. 6. The system according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the throwing weights are made of plastic or metal. 7. The system according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the network is made with rectangular or square cells. 8. The system according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the network is made as a single-piece connection. 9. The system according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the network is made of individual threads. 10. The system according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the network thread contains micro-roughness.