RU2847546C1 - Method of treating omphalitis in calves - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary science.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to veterinary science and concerns a method of treating omphalitis in calves which consists in prescribing the following therapeutic regimen to newborn calves aged 0-7 days showing omphalitis symptoms: external treatment of stump with 5 % iodine solution once; intramuscularly Amoxicillin 150 in dose of 5 ml for 5 days running; subcutaneously Ribotan – 2 ml twice on the first and fourth day of treatment; orally Probistim – 5 g 1 time a day with milk for 10 days running; administration of 0.5 % novocaine solution in dose of 0.5 ml/kg of the animal's live weight together with streptomycin sulphate in dose of 300,000 units on the first and third days using the visceral novocaine blockade; intramuscularly Fluneks in dose of 3 ml for 3 days running; Tetravit in single dose 2 ml subcutaneously.

EFFECT: invention allows to improve the therapeutic effectiveness of treatment of omphalitis in calves by optimizing the antioxidant system of the body, immunocompetent organs and normalization of the level of microflora of the gastrointestinal tract, which ultimately leads to a reduction in the death of calves, a reduction in the length of treatment, an increase in therapeutic effectiveness.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of veterinary medicine and concerns a method for treating omphalitis in calves.

Neonatal pathologies are a problem in industrial livestock farming. In particular, one form of pathology in newborn calves is inflammation of the navel, or omphalitis. This disease is common in many countries worldwide and is recorded in 20-60% of calves.

When treating omphalitis in calves, it is necessary to use a set of measures aimed at suppressing opportunistic microflora, increasing the body's defenses, maintaining the body's antioxidant system, gastrointestinal tract function, and replenishing vitamins, which will reduce the treatment time and prevent a decrease in productivity.

A known method for treating omphalitis in calves involves the use of Amoxicillin 150 at a dose of 3 ml intramuscularly twice after 48 hours; 30 ml of 0.5% novocaine solution in the umbilical cord area for 5 days in a row; the vitamin preparation "VitOkay" in a volume of 1 ml intramuscularly twice, repeat after 10 days; umbilical cord sanitation with a 5% alcohol solution of iodine [Sotnikova, N.A. Efficiency of novocaine in the treatment of omphalitis in newborn calves / N.A. Sotnikova, N.A. Malygina // Agrarian science - for agriculture: Collection of materials from the XVIII International scientific and practical conference, dedicated to the 80th anniversary of the Altai State Agrarian University. In 2 books, Barnaul, February 9-10, 2023. Volume Book 2. - Barnaul: Altai State Agrarian University, 2023. - P. 250-251. - EDN DPQPBR].

A disadvantage of this method is the prolonged use of a 0.5% novocaine solution for 5 days, which can have a negative impact on the newborn's body. Furthermore, this is a difficult procedure, requiring immobilization of the calf, which can cause injury to the abdominal wall.

Close in essence to the claimed technical solution is a method for treating omphalophlebitis in calves using antibiotics, Seledant, Trivit, injections around the navel of a 0.5% solution of novocaine into the thickness of the abdominal wall, intraperitoneal streptomycin in the area of the right hunger pit [Patent No. 2332987 C1 Russian Federation, IPC A61K 31/00, A61K 33/04. Method for treating omphalophlebitis in newborn calves: No. 2007128271/13: declared 23.07.2007; published 10.09.2008 / A.I. Zolotarev, A.G. Shakhov, M.I. Retsky [et al.]; Applicant: State Scientific Institution All-Russian Research Veterinary Institute of Pathology, Pharmacology and Therapy of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GNU VNIVIPFiT of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences). - EDN JBZXLA].

This method affects the microflora and metabolic processes of the body, but does not take into account the correction of the immunological status and support of the gastrointestinal system with the help of prebiotic and probiotic components, which contributes to the long-term restoration of the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract, lower weight gain and increased susceptibility to the effects of pathogenic microflora.

The invention is based on the technical result of improving the therapeutic effectiveness of omphalitis treatment in calves by optimizing the functioning of the body's antioxidant system, immunocompetent organs, and normalizing the level of microflora in the gastrointestinal tract.

The technical result consists in reducing the mortality of calves, shortening the treatment period, and increasing therapeutic effectiveness.

The technical result in the method of treating omphalitis in calves is achieved by prescribing etiotropic (Amoxicillin), pathogenetic (Ribotan; Probistim), regulating neurotrophic functions (visceral novocaine block), symptomatic (Flunex), and replacement (Tetravit) therapy.

Amoxicillin 150 is an antimicrobial drug of the semi-synthetic penicillin group, has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial action, is active against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, including Actinobacillus spp ., Actinomyces spp ., Bacillus spp ., - Bacillus anthracis , Clostridium spp ., Corynebacterium spp ., Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae , Escherichia coli , Haemophilus spp ., Leptospira spp ., Listeria spp ., - Listeria monocytogenes , Pasteurella spp ., Proteus spp ., Proteus mirabilis , Salmonella spp ., Staphylococcus spp ., Streptococcus spp . (NITA-PHARM, LLC, Russia);

Ribotan is an immunomodulator (Non-Prophylactic Drugs and Veterinary Center, JSC (Russia));

Probistim is a symbiotic and adsorbent; it forms healthy intestinal microflora, boosts immunity, activates metabolism, promotes the production of vitamins, enzymes, and amino acids in the intestines, promotes normal digestion, and maintains the pH of the environment (ProBioSystem LLC, Russia);

Flunex is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Flunixin, a component of the drug, is a non-selective inhibitor of COX-1 and COX-2. It inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandins E2, which are inflammatory mediators. It has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, and antitoxic effects (NITA-PHARM, LLC (Russia)).

Tetravit - replenishes the deficiency of vitamins A, _D3 , E, F (NITA-FARM, LLC (Russia)).

The method of treatment of omphalitis in calves consists of prescribing the following therapeutic regimen to newborn calves (age 0-7 days) with signs of omphalitis: externally treat the stump with a 5% iodine alcohol solution once; intramuscularly Amoxicillin at a dose of 5 ml, 5 days in a row; subcutaneously Ribotan - 2 ml twice on the first and fourth day of treatment; orally Probistim - 5 g once a day with milk for 10 days in a row; administration of 0.5% novocaine solution at a dose of 0.5 ml / kg of live weight of the animal together with streptomycin sulfate at a dose of 300,000 U on the first and third day using visceral novocaine block; intramuscularly Flunex at a dose of 3 ml for 3 days in a row; subcutaneously Tetravit at a dose of 2 ml once. The dosage of the drugs in the treatment regimen is given per animal.

The dosage of the drugs was calculated according to the instructions for the medicinal substances used.

Conducted studies demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method for treating omphalitis in calves. A review of scientific, technical, and patent literature on the claimed method revealed no identical protocol.

The essence of the method is explained by an example.

Example

The study was conducted in the Medynsky District of the Kaluga Region at the Gusevo Residential Complex of Kaluzhskaya Niva-Zapad LLC on 80 calves diagnosed with omphalitis. Two groups of similar calves were formed to validate and evaluate the clinical efficacy of the proposed method. Each group included 10 Black-and-White Holsteinized calves aged 0-7 days, with an average live weight of 38 kg.

The control group calves were given the treatment method according to the prototype (Patent No. 2332987, 2008): Amoxicillin subcutaneously at a dose of 5 ml for 5 days in a row; Seledant intramuscularly at a dose of 10 mcg / kg of body weight on the first day once per course of treatment; Trivit intramuscularly at a dose of 2 ml on the first and fifth days; 0.5% novocaine solution at a dose of 30 ml for 5 days 3-4 injections into the thickness of the abdominal wall around the navel; Streptomycin intraperitoneally 300,000 U in a 0.5% novocaine solution at a rate of 0.5 ml / kg of body weight on the 1st and 4th days of treatment.

The experimental group of calves received a comprehensive treatment regimen: external treatment of the stump with a single 5% iodine alcohol solution; intramuscular Amoxicillin at a dose of 5 ml, 5 days in a row; subcutaneously Ribotan - 2 ml twice on the first and fourth days of treatment; orally Probistim - 5 g once a day with milk for 10 days in a row; administration of 0.5% novocaine solution at a dose of 0.5 ml / kg of live weight of the animal together with streptomycin sulfate at a dose of 300,000 U on the first and third days using visceral novocaine blockade; intramuscular Flunex at a dose of 3 ml for 3 days in a row; subcutaneously Tetravit at a dose of 2 ml once. The dosage of the drugs in the treatment regimen is given per animal.

The calves' condition was monitored during the experiment (including clinical presentation and calf condition) and laboratory tests (including hematological and biochemical blood tests). The recovery period and the number of recovered and deceased animals were also recorded.

Omphalitis in calves was clinically manifested by a weakening of the sucking reflex, fever, tachycardia and an increase in the frequency of respiratory movements, lying down, the back is arched when moving, the gait is cautious, tense, there is pain when palpating the navel area, the navel is thickened, the diameter of the navel in calves is increased, the surrounding tissues are edematous, hyperemic.

After the treatment, a noticeable improvement in the health of the calves in the control group was observed on the 4th-6th day, and in the experimental group on the 2nd-3rd day after therapy, which was manifested by increased mobility, absence of pain, and swelling in the navel area.

Mummification of the navel was observed on the 4th day in the control group and on the 2nd day in the experimental group.

The results of the clinical study of calves with omphalitis before and after treatment are shown in Table 1.

According to Table 1, the therapeutic efficacy in the control group was 90% and in the experimental group 100%. The recovery period in the control group was 7.26±0.31 days and 4.93±0.24 days (P<0.001) in the experimental group. In the control group calves, the body temperature decreased to 39.2±0.21°C, the pulse rate was 126.1±1.22 bpm (P<0.01), and the respiration rate was 37.7±1.02 bpm (P<0.05), in contrast to the animals of the experimental group, where these figures were 38.6±0.15°C (P<0.001), 121.5±1.14 bpm, and the number of respiratory movements was 36.4±0.82 bpm, respectively. The navel diameter after therapy in the control group was 15.9±0.83 mm, and in the experimental group - 10.8±0.76 mm (P<0.01).

Table 2 shows that after treatment, improvement in blood parameters was observed in both groups. In the experimental group, where the proposed therapy regimen was used, the number of erythrocytes reliably increased by 16.34% (P < 0.05), and in the calves of the control group by 11.35%; the number of leukocytes in the experimental group decreased by 31.1% (P < 0.05), and in the control by 24.15%; the hemoglobin level in the experimental group increased by 14.00% (P < 0.01), and in the control by 12.64%; hematocrit in the experimental group increased by 3.26, in the control - by 1.78%; the erythrocyte sedimentation rate in the experimental group decreased by 39.49%, and in the control by 46.61%.

According to the conducted studies and the data in Table 3, following the combination treatment, total immunoglobulin levels in the experimental group were 9.22% higher, protein levels were 5.98% higher, alkaline phosphatase levels were 3.25% higher, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was 24.19% higher compared to the control group. Glucose levels in the experimental group were 7.03% lower after therapy, and malondialdehyde (MDA) activity was 16.13% lower compared to the control group.

Based on the data obtained, we see that after the application of the proposed complex treatment regimen for omphalitis in calves in the study group, the activity of the enzymatic component of the antioxidant system increased, the activity of lipid peroxidation decreased, and, accordingly, the stress response decreased, which served as the basis for an increase in the activity of the body's natural resistance and a more rapid recovery of the body, which confirms the effectiveness of the claimed method.

Claims (1)

A method for treating omphalitis in calves consisting of administering the following therapeutic regimen to newborn calves aged 0-7 days with signs of omphalitis: external treatment of the stump with a single 5% iodine alcohol solution; intramuscularly Amoxicillin 150 at a dose of 5 ml for 5 days in a row; subcutaneously Ribotan - 2 ml twice on the first and fourth days of treatment; orally Probistim - 5 g once a day with milk for 10 days in a row; administration of a 0.5% solution of novocaine at a dose of 0.5 ml / kg of live weight of the animal together with streptomycin sulfate at a dose of 300,000 U on the first and third days using visceral novocaine blockade; intramuscularly Flunex at a dose of 3 ml for 3 days in a row; subcutaneously Tetravit at a dose of 2 ml once.