RU2842655C1 - Method of producing antibacterial detergent - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of detergents for washing, soaking and disinfecting textiles, as well as other household needs. Disclosed is a method of producing antibacterial detergent containing: sodium laureth sulphate, sodium alpha-olefin sulphonate, alkylpolyglycoside APG 0810 50%, alkylpolyglycoside APG 1214 50%, cocamidopropyl betaine 45%, EDTA salt, GLDA salt, dispersers, water, betulinic extract and, optionally, citric acid, caustic soda, enzyme complexes, preservative, flavouring agent, dye, wherein a betulinic extract obtained from birch bark in 80% ethyl alcohol containing 27-30% betulin in terms of dry substance is used. Method consists in successive introduction in cold water of components of antibacterial agent, with exception of betulinic extract, their intensive mixing until uniform distribution in entire volume of obtained solution in a dosing container at temperature 20 °C, pouring the obtained solution into an ultrasonic bath, adding a betulinic extract to the obtained solution, followed by ultrasonic treatment for 27-30 minutes at temperature of 75 °C at frequency of 10-40 kHz.

EFFECT: using the invention enables preparing the effective antibacterial agent which provides reliable elimination of bacterial microflora.

1 cl, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of production of detergents intended for washing, soaking and disinfecting textiles, as well as other household needs.

Detergents, including washing powders, are considered by world hygienic science to be the most dangerous for human health. This is explained by their widespread distribution, constant human contact with detergents, including contact of human skin with clothing that contains residues of toxic components of washing powders.

It has been established that washing powders, in addition to causing great environmental harm, also cause harm to human health. Skin contact with solutions and powder residues from washed clothes leads to degreasing and destruction of the protective functions of the skin, which stops retaining and begins to freely pass microbes, viruses, etc. into the human lymphatic and circulatory systems.

Various compositions of detergents and their components are known [RU 2396310 C2, application No. 2008142870/13 dated 04.05.2007, published: 10.08.2010 in Bulletin No. 22; RU 2743939 C1, application No. 2019129698 dated 20.09.2019, published: 01.03.2021 in Bulletin No. 7; RU 2737709 C1, application No. 2019129918 dated 24.09.2019, published: 02.12.2020 in Bulletin No. 34; RU 2735827 C1, application No. 2020110374 dated 12.03.2020, published: 09.11.2020 in Bulletin No. 31; RU 2722803 C2, application No. 2017136081 dated 02.03.2016, published: 03.06.2020 in Bulletin No. 16; SU 1691389 A1, application No. 4381783/13 from 05.01.1988, published: 15.11.1991 in Bulletin No. 42].

The main component of detergents are surfactants (SAS). They have the property of reducing the surface tension of water, which makes it possible to effectively clean various surfaces.

Sodium laureth sulfate is used to create rich foam, improve the cleaning properties of products and reduce the surface tension of water, which improves penetration and wetting of surfaces. It also ensures the stability and homogeneity of cosmetics and detergents.

The nonionic surfactant alkyl polyglycoside (APG) is derived from vegetable oils and sugar, making it one of the mildest and safest surfactants. It has a number of unique properties that make it an indispensable component in the production of household chemicals, where gentle cleaning and hypoallergenicity are very important. In a detergent, in the right concentration and combination with other surfactants, APG provides excellent efficiency in removing stains and dirt, while maintaining the softness of fabrics. This is especially important for fabrics that require gentle treatment, such as silk, wool or delicate fabrics. In addition, APG is highly biodegradable, which makes it more environmentally friendly compared to some other surfactants.

The amphoteric surfactant cocamidopropyl betaine has positive and negative charges and is effective in cleaning oily substances and removing dirt and debris from surfaces. It is used as a foaming agent to increase cleaning power, improve viscosity and stabilize the formulation of the antibacterial agent.

Anionic surfactant sodium alphaolefin sulfonate is obtained by gas-phase sulfonation of α-olefins with subsequent neutralization. Sodium alphaolefin sulfonate has excellent emulsifying and disinfecting properties. Other advantages include good solubility, compatibility with other components, good foaming, low skin irritation, biodegradability. When using non-phosphorus detergents, it has not only good cleaning ability, but also good compatibility with enzymatic agents. Widely used in phosphorus-free washing powders.

Tetrasodium EDTA allows to bind metal ions into stable complexes. This is necessary to protect products from unwanted chemical oxidation reactions that provoke premature spoilage, sediment formation, changes in the original composition and properties. In laundry detergents, the substance increases transparency, extends shelf life, optimizes the foaming process, prevents the formation of a film on the skin and hair, and has an anti-inflammatory effect.

Tetrasodium salt GLDA has the lowest environmental impact of all strong complexing agents. The product is completely biodegradable and has the lowest toxic effect on the human body and the environment.

In detergents, GLDA salt perfectly binds hardness ions and maintains high chelating capacity under high temperature and harsh acid and alkaline conditions. Tetrasodium GLDA salt helps to cope with tea stains and protein stains. By binding calcium ions and transition metal ions and enhancing the effects of preservatives, tetrasodium GLDA salt increases the shelf life of the detergent.

The anti-resorbent (dispersant) in the antibacterial agent increases the cleaning ability, effectively disperses calcium and magnesium salts, prevents the encrustation and resorption of contaminants, reduces the re-deposition of pigment and oil contaminants, reduces the encrustation of fabrics during washing, and promotes rapid drying of surfaces.

Citric acid, also used in the composition of the declared product, acts as an antiscaling agent. It helps prevent the formation of scale and lime deposits on the surfaces of the washing machine, thereby ensuring their cleanliness.

Enzymes are organic proteins consisting of more than 20 basic amino acids that break down contaminant molecules. Enzyme complexes include:

- proteases that help remove protein-containing contaminants,

- amylases, which facilitate the removal of starch-containing stains,

- lipases that help remove grease and oil-based stains,

- cellulases that refresh the color of the fabric, remove embedded dirt particles, preserve the whiteness of the fabric and have a softening effect [https://www.cleanprice.ru/infos134-recepty-professionalnoy-stirki-chast-3-moyuschie-sredstva-s-soderjaniem-enzimov/].

The preservative in the declared composition provides effective control of bacteria, mold and unpleasant odor.

The fragrance is used as a fragrance, giving the washed laundry a fresh scent.

Most laundry detergents have low antibacterial efficiency under certain conditions (high temperature, hard water, etc.).

To solve this problem, betulin extract with antiseptic, wound-healing, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and antitumor properties was added to the detergent [Kislitsyn A.N. Extractive substances of birch bark: isolation, composition, application// Wood chemistry. - 1994. - No. 3. P. 3-28. Karlina M.V., Pozharitskaya O.N. Shikov A.N. Biopharmaceutical evaluation of nanosystems with betulin for inhalation use// Chemical and pharmaceutical journal. - 2010. - V. 44, No. 9. - P. 34-36. Kazakova O.B., Tolstikov G.A. Medical prospects for the use of lupane triterpenoids// Chemistry for sustainable development. – 2008. - № 16. – p. 727-730. Yurchenko I.V. Experimental study of hepatoprotective and choleretic properties of betulin: author's abstract. diss. cand. med. Sciences. – SPb., 2005. – 29s. Study of immunotoxicity and allergenicity of dry birch bark extract containing betulin / L.P. Kovalenko, V.V. Balakshin, G.A. Presnova et al. // Chemical and pharmaceutical journal. – 2007. – V.41. №1. – p. 18-20. Rapp O.A., Pashinsky V.G., Chuchalin V.S. Comparative assessment of pharmacological activity of birch bark extracts prepared in ethanol of different concentrations // Chemical and pharmaceutical journal. – 1996. - №6. – p. 23-24. Goldyrev A.A. Effect of betulin – birch bark extract as a feed additive on dry food digestibility and physiological state of dogs: author's abstract. Diss. Cand. of agricultural sciences. – Orenburg, 2009. – 19p].

The technical result of the invention is the development of a method for producing an effective antibacterial detergent containing betulin extract.

The technical result is achieved in that the method for producing an antibacterial detergent comprising sodium laureth sulfate, sodium alphaolefin sulfonate, alkylpolyglycoside, alkylpolyglycoside APG 1214 50%, cocamidopropyl betaine 45%, EDTA salts, GLDA salts, dispersants, citric acid, caustic soda, enzyme complexes, a preservative, a flavoring agent, a dye, water and a betulin extract obtained from birch bark with 80% ethyl alcohol, containing 27-30% betulin in terms of dry matter, in the following ratio of components, in %:

sodium laureth sulfate 5 ÷ 15 sodium alphaolefin sulfonate 1 ÷ 15 Alkypolyglycoside APG 0810 50% 1 ÷ 15 Alkypolyglycoside APG 1214 50% 1 ÷ 15 cocamidopropyl betaine 45% 3 ÷ 15 EDTA salts 1 ÷ 5 GLDA salts 1 ÷ 5 dispersants 1 ÷ 5 citric acid 0 ÷ 1 caustic soda 0 ÷ 1 enzyme complexes 0 ÷ 5 preservative 0 ÷ 5 flavoring agent 0 ÷ 5 dye 0 ÷ 5 defoamer 0 ÷ 1 betulin extract 3 ÷ 5 prepared water 5 ÷ 83,

consists of alternately introducing the components of the antibacterial agent into cold water, with the exception of betulin extract, intensively mixing them until uniformly distributed throughout the entire volume of the resulting solution in a dosing container at a temperature of 20 °C, pouring the resulting solution into an ultrasonic bath, adding betulin extract to the resulting solution, followed by ultrasonic treatment for 27-30 minutes at a temperature of 75 °C at a frequency of 10-40 kHz.

Examples of implementation of the invention.

Table 1 shows the compositions of the antibacterial agent components. The antibacterial agent is obtained by alternately adding the antibacterial agent components, with the exception of betulin extract, to cold water, intensively mixing them until uniformly distributed throughout the volume of the resulting solution in a 60-liter dosing tank with a propeller-type mixer at a temperature of 20 °C.

Ultrasonic treatment of betulin extract and its mixing into the detergent base were carried out in a WUC-A22H ultrasonic bath (manufactured in South Korea) with a volume of 22 liters at a temperature of 75 °C at a frequency of 10-40 kHz. The method of introducing betulin into the original detergent composition using ultrasonic treatment allows creating elastic vibrations that propagate as waves in liquids at frequencies of 10 ÷ 40 kHz. The effect of ultrasound creates cavitation and turbulent flows in the liquid detergent base and betulin extract during mixing, which ensures intensification of mass exchange. Changes in pressure during compression and rarefaction during the passage of an ultrasonic wave cause an increase in the rate of penetration of betulin extract into the original detergent base by 1.5 ÷ 1.9 times, in contrast to the time of conventional mixing of the components. Also, as a result of cavitation, the destruction of cellular structures located in the betulin extract occurs, which reduces the consumption of betulin extract by 15 ÷ 18%.

As a result of the bacteriological study of the obtained solutions of the antibacterial agent, it was established that when using the claimed method, the obtained antibacterial detergent with betulin extract has a significantly smaller amount of bacterial microflora and ensures its reliable destruction (see Table 2).

Table 1

Component Composition 1 Composition 2 Composition 3 sodium laureth sulfate 5.0 10.0 15.0 sodium alphaolefin sulfonate 1.0 8.0 15.0 Alkypolyglycoside APG 0810 50% 1.0 8.0 15.0 Alkypolyglycoside APG 1214 50% 1.0 15.0 8.0 cocamidopropyl betaine 45% 3.0 15.0 9.0 EDTA salts 1.0 3.0 5.0 GLDA salts 1.0 5.0 3.0 dispersants 1.0 5.0 3.0 citric acid 0 0.5 1.0 caustic soda 0 1.0 0.5 enzyme complexes 0 2.5 5.0 preservative 0 5.0 3.0 flavoring agent 0 2.0 5.0 dye 0 5.0 2.0 defoamer 0 1.0 0.5 betulin extract 3.0 4.0 5.0 prepared water 83.0 10.0 5.0

Table 2

Item No. The characteristic being determined Compound
without extract, CFU/g Compound
with betulin extract 4.02%, CFU/g 1 Bacterial contamination 2x10 ⁴ Composition 1 Composition 2 Composition 3 27.2 10.0 6.8

Claims (3)

A method for obtaining an antibacterial detergent, which includes in its composition, wt.%: sodium laureth sulfate 5-15 sodium alphaolefin sulfonate 1-15 Alkypolyglycoside APG 0810 50% 1-15 Alkypolyglycoside APG 1214 50% 1-15 cocamidopropyl betaine 45% 3 3-15 EDTA salts 1-5 GLDA salts 1-5 1-5 dispersants 1-5 citric acid 0 0-1 caustic soda 0-1 enzyme complexes 0-5 preservative 0-5 flavoring agent 0-5 dye 0 0-5 defoamer 0-1 betulin extract 3 3-5 prepared water 5-83, which consists in the fact that the components of the antibacterial agent, with the exception of the betulin extract, are added one by one to cold water, they are intensively mixed until uniformly distributed throughout the volume of the resulting solution in a dosing container at a temperature of 20 °C, after which the resulting solution is poured into an ultrasonic bath, betulin extract is added to the resulting solution, followed by ultrasonic treatment for 27-30 minutes at a temperature of 75 °C at a frequency of 10-40 kHz, while using betulin extract obtained from birch bark with 80% ethyl alcohol and containing 27-30% betulin in terms of dry matter.