RU2730651C1 - Therapeutic fodders preparation line - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural production, namely to devices for preparing a mixture of therapeutic fodders, vitamin thermolabile, mineral and other premixes. Line includes a laboratory mill, a grinder-mixer, a mixer for preparing therapeutic fodders, loading and unloading devices. Spherical screen is concentrically installed in the spherical casing of the grinder-mixer. Structural design of spherical screen of mixer is similar to grinder-mixer. Annular gap between upper edge of spherical screens and surface of loading locks of grinder-mixer and mixer is 20–25 mm. Laboratory mixer for primary premixes is located above grinder-mixer for secondary premixes, which is installed above mixer of therapeutic fodders. All units are tightly connected by means of connection pipes into single flow.

EFFECT: use of invention provides higher quality of end product.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural production, in particular, to devices for preparing a mixture of medicinal feed, vitamin thermolabile, mineral and other premixes.

Known "Installation for the preparation of premixes and feed mixtures" according to item RU 2289974, IPC A23N17 / 00, 2005 The installation includes two vertically installed mixers communicating with each other. The mixer for premixes is a centrifuge in the form of a truncated cone, its mixing working body is in the form of a paddle, and the mixer for feed mixtures is made with a screw paddle.

Disadvantages: mixers in the form of a centrifuge are designed for separation, they separate the components by specific gravity, and a spiral-screw conveyor for transporting premix from a small mixer to a large one also leads to the segregation of the mixture. The design of the installation is complex, metal-consuming, four electric drives are used for its operation.

Known "Installation for the preparation of premixes and feed mixtures" according to item RU 2411884, IPC A 23 N 17/00, 2010, the Installation includes a grinder-mixer for primary premixes and a mixer for preparing feed mixtures from primary premixes and filler.

The disadvantage of this installation is the cylindrical shape of the premix grinder-mixer and the mixer for feed-medicinal mixtures, in which a convective mixing method takes place, which is not enough to obtain a highly homogeneous mixture.

Known "Installation for the preparation of feed mixtures" RU 2635367, IPC A23N17 / 00, 2017, which includes a grinder-mixer for primary premixes, a mixer for premixes and feed mixtures, devices for loading and unloading. However, both of these mixers carry out the process of crushing by impact, and mixing - convectively with chaotic movement of the product, which is not efficient enough.

The closest in technical essence of the invention is "Installation for the preparation of a homogeneous mixture of medicinal feed, vitamin thermolabile and mineral premixes RU 2703196 C1, 15.10.2019, is taken as a prototype, which includes a grinder-mixer and a mixer, as well as devices for loading and unloading. However, in these blocks on double-sided blades, under the action of centrifugal forces, separation of the mixture occurs, and in the volume of spherical housings there is a random movement of the mixture components, in which the possibilities of mixing and segregation of the mixture components are not controllable.

The technical problem of the present invention is to increase the uniformity of the mixture of medicinal feeds and controllability of the activity of the mixing process by creating a line that excludes the separation of the ingredients of the mixture during the rotary motion of the double-sided mixer blade of a stable trajectory and ensuring the movement of material-air flow in both blocks along a curved, inner spherical surface, which provides ...

The task is achieved by the fact that the line for mixing medicinal products, vitamin and mineral supplements with a filler, including a laboratory mill for primary premixes and a grinder-mixer for secondary premixes connected with it, as well as a mixer connected with it for preparing medicinal feed, loading and unloading devices , is achieved by the fact that the line for the preparation of medicinal feeds, including a laboratory mill, a grinder-mixer connected with it and a mixer connected with them for the preparation of medicinal feeds, a loading and unloading device, characterized in that a spherical screen is installed in the ball housing of the grinder-mixer , the surface of which is formed by a circle with a radius equal to 2/3 of the radius of the ball housing of the grinder-mixer, and the flat blades are installed vertically with a wide side along the axis of the drive shaft, the side of the blade is parallel and adjacent to the working surface of the disk with an adjustable clearance of 0.6-1.2 mm cut at an angle of natural slope of the mixture 23-31 °; the design of the spherical screen of the mixer is similar to the grinder-mixer, but the long side of the flat blade is parallel to the smooth surface of the hearth fixed to the mixer frame, installed with a gap of 1.0 mm; in this case, the annular gap between the upper edge of the spherical screens and the surface of the loading sluices of the grinder-mixer and the mixer is 20-25 mm, and the distance between the lower edge of the spherical screen and the double-sided blade, as well as the vertical centerline, is 15-20 mm; moreover, the laboratory mixer for primary premixes is located above the grinder-mixer for secondary premixes, which is installed above the mixer for medicinal feed, all blocks are hermetically connected by means of branch pipes into a single stream.

Mixers for the preparation of compound feeds and medicinal feeds, which are used in our country and abroad, operate on the principle of convective mixing, while the mixing uniformity coefficient is 0.80-0.85, and for medicinal feeds, according to veterinary requirements, it is 0.95 -0.97 (Spesivtsev A. The mixing process in the production of compound feed. // Compound feed. - 2016 - No. 3 - P.37-41).

The highest coefficient of homogeneity of mixing of a two-phase inhomogeneous system is achieved in a fluidized bed (O. M. Todes, O.B. Tsitovich "Apparatus with a fluidized granular bed" Leningrad, Chemistry, 1981). The calculation of the main parameters of fluidization is performed according to the methodology (IP Mukhlenov et al. "Calculation of fluidized bed preparations", Leningrad, Chemistry, 1986). The mixing process depends mainly on the design of the mixer, working bodies and its mode of operation.

Convective mixing in a fluidized bed is distinguished by high efficiency, short mixing time, simple design, however, during operation of the mixer, the mixture segregates - the components are sorted according to the specific mass of particles and sizes. Therefore, for each type of mixer and type of mixture, it is necessary to experimentally establish the operating mode of the mixer: the ratio of components, the number of revolutions of the mixer shaft, mixing time, the degree of loading of the mixer capacity, etc.

Diffusion mixing is carried out by the method of mutual diffusion of components during joint crushing, as a result of which a homogeneous (homogeneous) product is formed from two heterogeneous (inhomogeneous) components - the substances are in the same state of aggregation and do not separate during subsequent mixing. Diffusion mixing is represented as a process of mutual penetration of molecules of one substance between the molecules of another, which leads to the equalization of their concentration throughout the occupied volume. In this case, the substance is transferred from places of high concentration to places of low concentration and vice versa. The atoms of the contacting materials are mixed at the interface between the working bodies.

It is known that the most stressed and critical parts and assemblies of aircraft, missiles, ships, etc. are currently made of composite materials (M.L. Kerber, V.M. Vinogradov, GS Golovkin "Polymer composite materials" St. Petersburg, 2008, p. 560). This is achieved by joint grinding of the composition of the polymers to the smallest particles and simultaneous diffusion mixing followed by heating and pressing, where intermolecular forces act between the particles that make up the polymers.

The peculiarity of mixing medicinal preparations and vitamin thermolabile and mineral premixes is that the particle size of the salts of microelements used in compound feed production varies widely - from dust-like, capable of floating in the air, to abnormally large (1.2 mm), limited only by requirements GOST 52356-2005 “Premixes. Nomenclature of indicators ", which does not contradict the current regulatory documents.

If the size of the components does not correspond to the standards (GOST), then for broiler chickens the feed rate of 20 g per day may not get the required element, and if only one particle of 1.2 mm in size falls into these 20 g of feed, then there will be overfeeding. The components used are heavy metal salts. They are highly toxic to living organisms, even with low excess of permissible norms, and also contribute to their bioaccumulation in the body. However, their use makes it possible to increase the productivity of animals and poultry by a third (V.S. Kryukov "Production of homogeneous feed and the quality of premixes" // [Electronic resource]: URL http://soyanews.info/news/-Proizvodstvo-odnorodnykh-kombikormov -i-kachestvo-.html).

The spherical shape of the bodies of the grinder-mixer for secondary premixes and the grinder-mixer of the feed mixture forms a stable trajectory of the processed components, while their convective mixing also occurs in the fluidized bed; carries out a targeted, stable supply to the working surfaces of the disc, where grinding and mixing take place together by diffusion.

It has been established that the migration ability of material particles of various densities in the size range from 0.1 to 3 mm, exposed to the action of an air flow, is determined by the state of equilibrium of particles on a curved (inclined) surface and depends on the flow rate and the angle of inclination. On a spherical surface, favorable conditions are created for intersecting trajectories of movement of light and heavy materials in the field of action of aerodynamic, gravitational and centrifugal forces (Filippov V.E., Gavrilyev D.M., Lebedev I.F. Behavior of mineral particles in a flow on a curved surface. information and analytical bulletin. MGGU-2007-No.3, S368-371). These principles are taken as the basis for the mixing process of the proposed line.

The essence of the invention is illustrated in figure 1 - a diagram of the line for the preparation of medicinal feed, figure 2 - view A, figure 3 - view -B.

The line for the preparation of medicinal feeds includes a laboratory mill 1 for the preparation of primary premixes with a device for introducing drugs 2, a filler hopper 3 with a loading gate 4; grinder-mixer 5 for the preparation of secondary premixes contains a spherical body 6 with a fairing 7 in the upper part, in the lower cylindrical part of the spherical body on the frame 8 a working disk 9 is fixed with a notch on the working side in the form of an Archimedean spiral in the center of which the drive shaft 10 passes, on a double-sided blade 11 is fixed on it (Fig. 2, view A), the sides of the blades adjacent to the working surface of the disk are cut along the angle of repose of the mixture α = 23-31 ° (Fig. 3, view B), between the working disk and the double-sided blade installed shims 12; along the vertical axis of the spherical housing of the grinder-mixer, a spherical screen 13 with a radius forming its surface (r screen) is installed, equal to 2/3 of the radius of the spherical body Rsh, (r screen. = 2/3 Rsh); in the lower part of the ball housing there is an unloading branch pipe 14 with a flap 15.

For the stable movement of the material-air flow of the mixture at the upper turn, the distance (annular gap) between the upper edge of the spherical screen 13 and the lower edge of the fairing 7 is l, and the distance between the lower edge of the spherical screen and the double-sided blade 11, as well as the vertical axial line of the grinder - mixer is the value of δ. It has been experimentally established: depending on the performance of the grinder-mixer, the value is l = 25-30 mm, and δ = 15-20 mm; the line contains a mixer 16 with a ball body 17, a fairing 18; in the lower part of the ball mixer there is a double-sided flat blade 19, fixed on the drive shaft 20, between the double-sided blade and the hearth disk 29 fixed on the frame 21, adjusting shims 22 are installed; a guide sphere 23 is installed along the vertical axis of the mixer, the line forming its surface of the cone is drawn with a radius equal to 2/3 of the radius of the large ball (Rb.sh) of the mixer, in the lower part of the mixer there is an unloading branch pipe 24 with a valve 25; the loading gate 26 is in communication with the filler hopper 27.

The line for the preparation of medicinal feeds works as follows.

In a laboratory mill 1 for the preparation of primary premixes with an open lid and a closed shutter, a medical premix is placed from the drug injection device 2, and a filler is added from hopper 3 in a ratio of 1: 3. The laboratory mill is put into operation and the components are mixed together within 60 seconds by impact and mixed. The resulting primary premix with an open damper and a working laboratory mill through the gateway 4 is discharged into the grinder-mixer 5 to prepare a secondary premix; 15-20% of the established dose of the filler in the medicinal compound feed is added to it from the bunker 3. The drive shaft 10 of the grinder-mixer and the double-sided blade 11 fixed on it are put into operation, its side adjacent to the working surface of the disk 9, fixed on the frame 8 is cut off at an angle of natural slope of the mixture 23-31 ° (Fig. 3, view B); when the blade rotates, the mixture is clamped by its inclined side and in a gap of 0.6-1.2 mm, which is regulated by spacers 12, between the blade of the blades and the notch on the working side of the disk in the form of an Archimedean spiral, it is clamped at a constant clamping angle β = 18-20 ° ( Fig. 2, view A) with joint crushing of the components, the process of mutual diffusion occurs - mechanical indentation of one component into another; a double-sided blade evenly ejects a mixture of the crushed mass with air through 360 ° of the inner spherical surface of the housing 6 of the grinder-mixer of secondary premixes, a steady flow is created - a fluidized bed, in the mode of increased pressure, in which the components are evenly distributed, and the fairing 7 directs the flow through the annular gap l mixture downwards, where in the volume of the spherical screen 13 with radius r the mixing process continues in the fluidized bed in the reduced pressure mode and on its concave surface, which directs the mixture flow through the gap δ to the axis of the double-sided blade, then into the gap between the blades of the blades and the notch on the working side of disc 9; the vacuum in the zone of the vertical axis of the sphere promotes a stable supply of the mixture to the working bodies in the diffusion zone; a closed stable process is achieved: simultaneous grinding by joint crushing of the components, mixing on the concave surface of the ball and spherical screen, as well as in their volumes in the fluidized bed mode, at variable pressure.

The mixing process in the grinder-mixer for secondary premixes is carried out for 100-120 s. The resulting secondary premix, with the drive on, is poured into a large mixer 16 through a branch pipe 14 with an open damper 15 and a sluice 26; the rest of the filler dose is added to it, the drive shaft 20 and the double-sided blade 19 are switched on, which, when rotating, captures the mixed mass and evenly throws out the material-air flow along the entire perimeter (360 °) of the concave surface of the sphere of the ball 17, lifting it up, where the guiding fairing 18 smoothly converts the direction of movement of the fluidized bed from bottom to top into movement from top to bottom and along the concave surface of the guiding spherical screen 23, the forming line of which is drawn with a radius of 2/3 Rb.sh. The gap between the working part of the hearth disc 29, fixed on the frame 21 and the double-sided blade 19 is regulated by spacers 22. The mixing process continues for 120-180 s. and when the damper 25 is open, the finished medicinal compound feeds are unloaded into the container through the discharge nozzle 24.

Thus, the grinder-mixer and the mixer of the medicinal feed preparation line are made in the form of a ball, inside which spherical screens are installed, dividing their volumes into zones of high pressure and vacuum and with rotating blades. They form a purposeful steady flow of the material-air mixture along the concave surfaces of the sphere into the zones of diffusion and convective mixing. This achieves a higher homogeneity of the medicinal feed mixture.

Claims (1)

The line for the preparation of medicinal feed, characterized by the fact that it has a laboratory mill for the preparation of primary premixes with a device for introducing drugs, a filler hopper with a loading sluice, a grinder-mixer for preparing secondary premixes, while the grinder-mixer is made in the form of a ball body with a fairing in the upper part, in the lower part of the spherical body, made in the form of a cylinder, a working disc with a notch on the working side in the form of an Archimedean spiral is fixed to the frame, a drive shaft runs along the center of the disc, on which a double-sided flat blade is installed, and the flat blades are installed vertically with a wide side along the axis of the drive shaft, and the side of the blade, parallel and adjacent to the working surface of the disk with an adjustable clearance of 0.6-1.2 mm, is cut at an angle of repose of the mixture α = 23-31 °, while a spherical is installed along the vertical axis of the ball housing a screen with a radius of 2/3 radii forming its surface mustache of the spherical body, the adjustable gap between the lower edge of the spherical screen and the blade is 0.6-1.2 mm, and an unloading nozzle with a shutter is installed in the lower part of the spherical body, in addition, the line also contains a large mixer for obtaining a finished product in the form of medicinal feed, communicated with the grinder-mixer for the preparation of secondary premixes, and the mixer also has a spherical body and a spherical screen of a similar design with a spherical body and a spherical screen of the grinder-mixer, in the lower part of the spherical body on the drive shaft there is a double-sided flat blade, between the blade and shims fixed to the frame with a hearth disc, while the long side of the flat blade is installed relative to the disc with a gap of 1.0 mm, the annular gap between the upper edge of the spherical screens and the surface of the loading sluices of the grinder-mixer and mixer is 20-25 mm, and distance between the bottom edge spherical screen and blade, as well as the vertical center line is 15-20 mm, in addition, the laboratory mill for primary premixes is located above the grinder-mixer for secondary premixes, which is installed above the mixer for ready-made medicinal feed, while all the units of the line are hermetically connected by nozzles into a single stream.

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