RU2411884C2 - Installation for premixes and fodder mixtures preparation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices for premixes and mixed fodders preparation. The installation includes a premix mixer having a minor volume and, communicating with it, a fodder mixture mixer, charging and discharging devices. The premix mixer acts as primary premix crushing mixer. The fodder mixture mixer acts as premix and fodder mixture mixer. The lower part of the primary premix crushing mixer body is shaped as a conic frustrum with the side surface positioned at a 45° and having a corrugated deck on its inside. Additionally mounted on the mixer body drive shaft at an adjustable clearance is a double-sided bar having a corrugated working unit designed to match the deck corrugated part. Mounted inside the premix and fodder mixture mixer, on its drive shaft at an adjustable clearance relative to the body, are two perforated blades with sharpened working edges; they are attached to the bottom with their rear sides at a 30° angle and expand in the direction from the centre to the periphery with the end part outlines by the mixer body cylindrical diametre. The primary premix crushing mixer is positioned over the premix and fodder mixture mixer, communicating with it via nipple equipped with a damper. The discharging device is also represented by a nipple with a damper. The clearance between the corrugated surfaces of the deck and the bar is equal to 0.5-1.0 mm and is adjusted with gaskets. The clearance between the perforated blades and the bottom is equal to 0.5-1.0 mm.

EFFECT: invention usage will ensure uniformity of components mixing during preparation of premixes and fodder mixtures.

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device for the preparation of premixes and animal feed on livestock farms and on-farm feed mills.

The well-known "Mixer" (SU 1159611 A, B01F 7/10, 04/11/83), comprising a housing, a loading nozzle, a grinding device, a distribution cone and discs with pins, dividers and nozzles are installed on the inner conical part of the housing. Drive from two electric motors.

The disadvantage of this mixer is its complex design and poor mixing quality.

The closest in technical essence of the invention is the "Installation for the preparation of premixes and feed mixtures" (RU 2289974, C1, A23N 17/00, 06/21/2005), adopted as a prototype. The installation includes two vertically mounted mixers that communicate with each other, having internal mixing working bodies. One of the mixers, intended for premixes, is a centrifuge in the form of a truncated cone, its mixing working body has the form of a scapula, and the mixer designed for feed mixtures is made in the form of a truncated cone with a screw blade.

This installation has the following disadvantages:

- the mixer for premixes, which is a centrifuge made in the form of a truncated cone, does not allow you to actively mix heterogeneous substances, because at high speeds, the material placed in the centrifuge, under the action of centrifugal forces, is pressed against the inner wall of the drum and rotates with it without mixing, therefore separation is possible in the resulting mass (separation according to physicomechanical properties);

- a mixer for feed mixtures having a working body made in the form of a truncated cone with a screw guide and mounted on the bottom of the mixer body, transports the whole mass from the bottom up, and at large distances between the body wall and the working body intensive mixing of the components does not occur;

- the use of a spiral-screw conveyor for transporting the premix from a small mixer to a large one, and for unloading the finished product of rotating blades also leads to the separation (segregation) of the premix into components.

Thus, the above installation does not fully comply with the declared technical purpose. The design of the installation is complex, metal-intensive and four independent electric drives are used for its operation.

The objective of the invention is to create an installation for the preparation of premixes and feed mixtures, which allows to provide a given uniformity of mixing, reducing material and operating costs due to compactness and simplifying the design of the installation.

The problem is achieved in that in the installation for the preparation of premixes and feed mixtures, including a mixer designed for premixes and having a smaller volume, and a mixer connected with it, intended for feed mixtures, loading and unloading devices, the new is that the mixer designed for premixes, it is a grinder-mixer for primary premixes, and a mixer intended for feed mixtures is a mixer for premixes and feed mixtures, while the body of the grinder mixes The spruce intended for primary premixes is made in the lower part in the form of a truncated cone with a lateral surface located at an angle of 45 ° and having a corrugated deck on its inner side; in addition, a double-sided scourge with a corrugated working surface is fixed with an adjustable gap on the drive shaft of the mixer body a body made in response to the grooved part of the deck, and in the mixer housing for premixes and feed mixtures on the drive shaft with a clearance relative to the body there are two perforated blades with sharpened working edges mi, fixed with the back side at an angle of 30 ° to its bottom and expanding from the center to the periphery with the end part outlined by the diameter of the cylindrical body of the mixer, and the chopper-mixer for primary premixes is located above the mixer for premixes and fodder mixtures, and communicated with it through a pipe, equipped with a flap, the discharge device is also made in the form of a nozzle with a flap, the gap between the corrugated surfaces of the deck and the scourge is 0.5-1.0 mm and is regulated by gaskets, and the gap between the perforated blades styami and the bottom is 0,5-1,0 mm.

The use of the mixer intended for premixes as a grinder-mixer for primary premixes of the proposed design, namely, the housing in the lower part in the form of a truncated cone with a side surface located at 45 °, the presence of a corrugated deck and a two-sided scourge with a corrugated working body, installed on the drive shaft with an adjustable gasket, a gap with respect to the deck of 0.5-1.0 mm, allows fillers and trace elements used for the preparation of primary premixes having different granules an insulating composition, lead to uniformity, while destruction and mixing (and reacting deck pest) occurs relative enrichment of the components, and the airflow generated by rotating double whip, mixing with the material forms a fluidized bed, which also improves the homogeneity of the mixture.

Equipping the mixer for premixes and feed mixtures with two perforated blades with a sharpened working edge, expanding from the center to the periphery, with the end part of the blades outlined by the diameter of the cylindrical body of the mixer, and also installing them on the drive shaft inclined to the bottom at an angle of 30 ° with a gap between the bottom and with them 0.5-1.0 mm and a minimum clearance to the cylindrical body, it also makes it possible to create a fluidized state of the material, and the presence of perforation in them excludes the separation process under the action of centrifugal forces, which ensures high uniformity of the mixture, while the mixer can be used both for the preparation of premixes and for the preparation of feed mixtures.

The gaps established between the corrugated deck and the double-sided scourge, as well as between the perforated blades and the bottom of the mixer 0.5-1.0 are optimally acceptable, because within these limits, a predetermined size of the homogeneous fractional composition of the filler and mineral additives is achieved, which is a prerequisite for obtaining a homogeneous mixture.

The location of the grinder-mixer for primary premixes above the mixer for premixes and feed mixtures and their communication through a nozzle equipped with a shutter, as well as the discharge device in the form of a nozzle with a shutter determines the direct movement of material from one mixer to another, as well as the finished product to the exit ( by gravity), which eliminates the need to use any transporting and unloading mechanism, and this, in turn, reduces material and operating costs, and also allows the use of use the unit for the preparation of premixes and feed mixtures in farms with a small population.

Figure 1 presents a General view of the installation for the preparation of premixes and feed mixtures, figure 2 is a section along aa of figure 1, figure 3 is a section along b-b of figure 1, figure 4 is a view of figure 3, figure 5 is a remote element of figure 1.

Installation for the preparation of premixes and feed mixtures contains a chopper-mixer 1 (figure 1) for the preparation of primary premixes (hereinafter chopper-mixer), the lower part of which is made in the form of a truncated cone with a side surface located at 45 °, equipped with a shutter 2 for loading ingredients, corrugated deck 3 (figure 1, 2, 5) installed on the inner side of the side surface of the lower part of the grinder-mixer, double-sided scourge 4, (figure 1, 2, 5) having a corrugated working body, made in response to the corrugated part d eki 3 mounted on the shaft of the actuator 5 with an adjustable clearance of 0.5-1.0 mm, relative to the deck 3, which is regulated by gaskets 6 (1, 5); mixer for premixes and feed mixtures (hereinafter the mixer) 7, including perforated blades 8 (figures 1, 3, 4) with a sharpened working edge, expanding from the center (axis of symmetry of the mixer) to the periphery, with the end part outlined by the diameter of the cylindrical body of the mixer mounted on the shaft of the actuator 9 inclined to the bottom at an angle of 30 ° with a gap to the bottom of 0.5-1.0 mm, a loading hopper 10 provided with a shutter 11, an unloading pipe 12, equipped with a shutter 13; wherein the chopper-mixer communicates with the mixer by means of a pipe 14 provided with a shutter 15.

Installation for the preparation of premixes and feed mixtures works as follows.

With the shutter 2 open, the filler and mixer 1 are filled with filler and mineral additives intended for the preparation of primary premixes. When the shutter 2 of the chopper-mixer 1 is closed and the shutter 15 of the pipe 14 is closed, the drive 5 of the chopper-mixer 1 is turned on, which drives the double-sided scourge mounted on its shaft 4. The material (filler and mineral additives) under the action of centrifugal force created by the rotating double-sided scourge 4, is thrown onto corrugated deck 3 and, falling into the gap between the deck grooves and the flute grooves, is clamped, jointly destroyed, throws up, while the particles of the material are also actively mixed, mutually enriching I, and by the air flow generated by the rotating whip 4, a fluidized bed, which also improves the homogeneity of the mixture. In parallel, in the mixer 7 through the loading hopper 10 with the open shutter 11 load filler for the preparation of the premix. At the end of the grinding-mixing process, the shutter 15 of the nozzle 14 opens and the material flows from the grinder-mixer 1 into the mixer 7, filled with filler. The shutters 11, 13, 15 are closed, the actuator 9 of the mixer 7 is turned on and the perforated blades 8 mounted on the actuator shaft 9 are rotated, through which the primary premix is mixed with the filler by creating a fluidized bed, and the presence of perforation at the blades 8 does not allow the process material separation under the action of centrifugal force, which allows to obtain the final mixture with a uniformity of 95-98%.

At the end of the whole process, the finished premix is unloaded by gravity through the pipe 12 with the valve 13 open, without violating the homogeneity of the mixture.

Thus, this installation for the preparation of premixes and feed mixtures through the use of the proposed design, excluding any forced transportation during the preparation of the material, allows for uniform mixing, reducing material and operating costs.

Claims (1)

Installation for the preparation of premixes and feed mixtures, including a mixer designed for premixes and having a smaller volume and a mixer connected to it, intended for feed mixtures, a loading and unloading device, characterized in that the mixer intended for premixes is a grinder-mixer for primary premixes, and the mixer intended for feed mixtures is a mixer for premixes and feed mixtures, while the body of the grinder-mixer for primary premixes in the lower part made in the form of a truncated cone with a side surface located at an angle of 45 ° and having a corrugated deck on its inner side, in addition, a double-sided scourge with a corrugated working body made in response to the corrugated part of the deck is fixed with an adjustable gap on the drive shaft of the mixer body in the mixer housing for premixes and feed mixtures on the drive shaft with a clearance relative to the housing there are two perforated blades with sharpened working edges, fixed with the back at an angle of 30 ° to its bottom and expanding from the center to the periphery with the end part outlined by the diameter of the cylindrical body of the mixer, and the chopper-mixer for primary premixes is located above the mixer for premixes and feed mixtures and communicated with it through a nozzle equipped with a shutter, the discharge device is also made in the form of a nozzle with a shutter, the gap between the corrugated surfaces of the deck and the scourge is 0.5-1.0 mm and is regulated by gaskets, and the gap between the perforated blades and the bottom is 0.5-1.0 mm.

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