RU2799485C1 - Vacuum contactor - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: low-voltage; high-voltage electrical control devices.

SUBSTANCE: vacuum contactor comprises an insulating housing, in which at least one vacuum arcing chamber is located, an electromagnetic drive consisting of electromagnetic coils, an insulating rotary lever with a plate mounted on it, a lever axis and a return spring with a guide rod. It also comprises make-break contacts configured for actuating an insulating rotary lever with a plate mounted on it under the action of an electromagnetic drive, a metal plate fixed on the insulating body with hemispherical guides that act as skids, in which handles for mounting and dismounting are installed, and a control unit that includes a rectifier configured to convert AC input to DC output, a regulator configured to convert the incoming voltage from the rectifier into voltage to control the electromagnetic drive, and a control circuit, whereas the walls of the insulating housing are made of a polyester composition using 3D printing, filled with fibre from E-glass or D-glass, whereas the wall thickness of the insulating body is 3-12 mm, and the degree of filling of the polyester composition with glass fibre is from 4 to 60%, which ensures mechanical resistance up to 10,000,000 operating cycles.

EFFECT: increasing the mechanical strength of the contactor, and consequently, the service life, as well as increasing the ease of installation/dismantling.

8 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to low-voltage and high-voltage electrical control devices, in particular to vacuum contactors, and can be used in electrical circuits for remote control of electrical drives and networks.

Known vacuum contactor containing an insulating housing, at least one vacuum arc chamber, an electromagnetic actuator, a trip spring, a swivel joint and an insulating rotary lever with a plate mounted on it with a hole for the passage of the rod, a movable current lead of the chamber, while at the lower end of the rod is fixed a stop in which one end of the preload spring is fixed, characterized in that the other end of the preload spring abuts against the lower surface of the plate, and the swivel joint is located in the space between the movable current lead and the rotary lever, and the hole in the plate and the swivel joint ensure free movement of the rod along it axles (RU 2273072 C1, H01H 33/62, 03/27/2006).

The closest analogue in design is a vacuum contactor, containing mainly three vacuum arcing chambers, electromagnets, an insulating housing, a frame, an insulating lever with an electromagnet armature, an axis of the lever, a yoke, a trip spring, a lever stroke limiter, an auxiliary contact block, characterized in that the spring at one end is mounted on the yoke by means of an adjusting bolt and washer, and at the other end it is fixed on an insulator plug installed in the holes made in the armature and the lever, and resting against the insulating partition of the body (RU 143543 U1, H01H 33/666, 07/27/2014 G.).

A common disadvantage of these technical solutions is the low mechanical strength of the contactor housing, and as a result, the service life is not more than 2,000,000 on-off cycles.

The technical problem to be solved by the claimed invention is the creation of a vacuum contactor that does not have the indicated drawback of the prior art and provides the ability to create a variety of control schemes for other devices by installing additional auxiliary contacts with the function of closing-opening additional contacts.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase the mechanical strength of the contactor, and, consequently, the service life, which provides mechanical resistance up to 10,000,000 on-off cycles or more, as well as increasing the ease of installation / dismantling due to safe and convenient lifting and installation of the contactor.

The technical result of the invention is achieved by the fact that a vacuum contactor containing an insulating housing in which at least one vacuum arc chamber is located, an electromagnetic drive consisting of electromagnetic coils, an insulating rotary lever with a plate mounted on it, a lever axis and a return spring with a guide rod , according to the invention, it contains make-break contacts, made with the possibility of actuating an insulating rotary lever with a plate installed on it under the action of an electromagnetic drive, a metal plate fixed on an insulating body with hemispherical guides that act as skids, in which handles for mounting and dismounting are installed , and a control unit, including a rectifier configured to convert AC input to DC output, a regulator configured to convert the incoming voltage from the rectifier into voltage to control the electromagnetic drive, and a control circuit, while the walls of the insulating housing are made of 3D-printed polyester composition filled with E-glass or D-glass fiber, with a thickness that provides mechanical resistance up to 10,000,000 on-off cycles.

In addition, the walls of the insulating housing are made with a thickness, mainly 3-12 mm, depending on the technical operating conditions and, accordingly, the material used.

In addition, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene or polyamide PA filled with glass fiber or polyetherketones (PEK) of various chemical structures were used as a polyester composition.

In addition, ABS plastic is used as acrylonitrile butadiene styrene.

In addition, polyether ether ketone PEEK or poly ether ketone ketone RECK or poly ether ketone ether ketone ketone REKEC are used as PEK.

In addition, PEK is used with the addition of reinforcing fiber.

In addition, PA6 or PA 66 or PA 610 or P11 or PA 12 is used as the polyamide.

In addition, E-glass based on SiO ₂ -Al ₂ O ₃ -CaO-MgO, or D-glass based on SiO ₂ -B ₂ O ₃ -R ₂ O was used as a glass fiber.

In addition, the basis of SiO ₂ -Al ₂ O ₃ -CaO-MgO E-glass used with the addition of B ₂ O ₃ .

The present invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the vacuum contactor.

In FIG. 2 is a rear view of the vacuum contactor.

In FIG. 3 shows the vacuum contactor disassembled.

In FIG. 4 shows the control circuit of the vacuum contactor.

List of positions: 1 - insulating housing, 2 - vacuum arc chambers, 3 - electromagnetic drive, consisting of electromagnetic coils, 4 - return spring with guide rod, 5 - insulating rotary lever with a plate (cover-lever) mounted on it, 6 - current-carrying - current-carrying contacts, 7 - handles, 8 - metal plate, 9 - make-break contacts, 10 - hemispherical guides.

The vacuum contactor shown in Fig. 1-3, contains an insulating body 1, at least one vacuum arc chamber 2, an electromagnetic drive 3, a swivel joint and an insulating rotary lever 5 with an armature and a plate mounted on it, a lever axis, a return spring 4 with a guide rod. It also contains make-break contacts 9, driven by an insulating rotary lever 5 with a plate installed on it, under the action of an electromagnetic drive 3. The electromagnetic drive 3 consists of electromagnetic coils. The vacuum contactor contains a metal plate 8 fixed on an insulating housing 1 with hemispherical guides 10, which act as skids, in which handles 7 are installed for mounting and dismantling. The specified design of guides 10 with handles 7 on a metal plate 8 is designed for more convenient installation of the contactor and its replacement in the finished large product. Metal plate 8 with hemispherical guides 10 is attached to the contactor housing with screws.

The walls of the insulating body are made of 3D printed polyester resin filled with E and D glass fiber, 8-12mm thick.

All structural parts of the insulated housing 1 are 3D-printed products from a polyester composition filled with glass fibers with high dielectric characteristics, for example, from E-glass (E-glass) based on SiO2-Al2O3-CaO-MgO with the addition of or without B2O3 or from D-glass (D-glass), based on the SiO2-B2O3-R2O system, which provides mechanical wear resistance up to 10,000,000 cycles.

Depending on the requirements of the operating conditions, the following are used as a polyester base (in ascending order): acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS-plastic / ABS-plastic), polyamide (PA - nylon, for example, PA6, or polyamides RA 66, RA 610 , PA 11, PA12 with higher tensile and compressive strength, improved wear resistance), polyetherketones (PEK) of various chemical structures.

The degree of filling of the base with fiberglass of various classes ranges from 4 to 60%, trademarks of such compounds are known: AQUAMID 66 G30, VERTON RV00 AES, SILAMID 13.01 ESV30, SCHULAMID 6 GF35, ZYTEL 70 G30, HSL BK039B, DURAMID TH7G12.0 S 9207, PA SV30-EM-1, PA 66-KS.

At the same time, the walls of the insulating housing 1 are made with a thickness, mainly 3-12 mm, depending on the technical operating conditions and the material used.

At the same time, if the case walls are made with a thickness of less than 3 mm, then the properties of mechanical strength are lost, or the use of material of a significantly higher cost and more complex manufacturing conditions and equipment is required, an increase in thickness of more than 12 mm does not lead to a significant increase in the mechanical strength of the case, however, it increases the total weight of the product, the overspending of materials for its manufacture and, as a result, the cost price increases.

The contactor also contains a control unit containing a rectifier and a regulator. The contactor control unit (BUK) must provide the operating modes of the electromagnetic drive of the vacuum contactor, such as forcing mode from the moment of switching on to the moment of complete closing of the magnetic system and the power shedding mode.

The BUK includes the following functional blocks:

- a rectifier that converts alternating current at the input to direct current at the output;

- a regulator that converts the incoming voltage from the rectifier into a voltage with the necessary parameters to control the magnetic system of the contactor;

- control circuit (figure 4) performs the functions of the control BUK in all modes of operation.

BUK provides the following modes of operation of the magnetic system of the contactor:

- afterburner mode, a rectified, unregulated mains voltage is supplied to the coils of electromagnets;

- holding mode, holding voltage is applied to the coils (holding current);

- minimum voltage limitation mode, when the input voltage is less than the minimum required, the holding voltage is removed from the coils of the magnetic system (the contactor is turned off).

Contactor operation

The principle of operation of the contactor is based on the extinguishing in a vacuum of an electric arc that occurs when the contacts open. Due to the high electrical strength of the vacuum gap and the absence of a medium that supports the burning of the arc, the electric arc breaks up and goes out.

The vacuum contactor consists of a housing 1, vacuum arcing chambers 2, a cover-lever 5, electromagnetic coils 3, current-input - current-output contacts 6, fasteners, a control panel (Fig. 4), make-break contacts 9.

Each vacuum arc chamber 2 is fixedly fixed on the insulating housing of the contactor 1 with a current-carrying contact by means of a bolted connection (Fig. 3).

The second contact of the chamber 2 with its rod is connected to the current output contact 6 by a flexible connection using a stud/bolt and a nut. The lever - cover 5 is fixed in the insulating housing 1 with the help of an axis, the insulating rotary lever 5 rotates freely relative to the insulating housing 1.

The vacuum contactor performs operations of switching on and off of electrical energy receivers in the modes of normal and rare switching.

The contactor is switched on when voltage is applied through the control unit with the diagram in Fig. 4 on the switching coils of the electromagnet 3. In this case, the lever - cover 5, with the help of a plate fixed on it through dielectric washers, is attracted to the cores of the electromagnetic coils and puts the lever into the on position.

The cover - lever 5 moves down through the guide rod with a return spring 7, the chamber contacts close, and the electrical circuits close - open through the open-close contacts 9 in accordance with the required electrical control circuit for other devices.

Claims (8)

1. A vacuum contactor containing an insulating housing in which at least one vacuum arc chute is located, an electromagnetic drive consisting of electromagnetic coils, an insulating rotary lever with a plate mounted on it, a lever axis and a return spring with a guide rod, characterized in that contains closing-breaking contacts, made with the possibility of actuation by an insulating rotary lever with a plate mounted on it under the action of an electromagnetic drive, a metal plate fixed on an insulating body with hemispherical guides, performing the function of skids, in which handles for mounting and dismounting are installed, and a block control, including a rectifier configured to convert alternating current at the input to direct current at the output, a regulator configured to convert the incoming voltage from the rectifier into voltage to control the electromagnetic drive, and a control circuit, while the walls of the insulating housing are made of 3D polyester composition - printing, filled with fiber from E-glass or D-glass, while the wall thickness of the insulating body is 3-12 mm, and the degree of filling of the polyester composition with fiberglass is from 4 to 60%. 2. The contactor according to claim 1, characterized in that acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene or polyamide PA filled with glass fiber or polyetherketones (PEK) of various chemical structures are used as the basis of the polyester composition. 3. The contactor according to claim 2, characterized in that ABS plastic is used as acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene. 4. The contactor according to claim 2, characterized in that polyether ether ketone PEEK or poly ether ketone ketone REKK or poly ether ketone ether keton ketone REKEKK are used as PEK. 5. Contactor according to claim 2, characterized in that PEK is used with the addition of reinforcing fiber. 6. Contactor according to claim 2, characterized in that RA6 or RA 66 or RA 610, or RA11, or RA 12 are used as polyamide. 7. The contactor according to claim 1, characterized in that E-glass based on SiO ₂ -Al ₂ O ₃ -CaO-MgO or D-glass based on SiO ₂ -B ₂ O ₃ -R ₂ O is used as fiberglass. 8. The contactor according to claim 7, characterized in that the basis of SiO ₂ -Al ₂ O ₃ -CaO-MgO E-glass is used with the addition of B ₂ O ₃ .

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