RU2798127C1 - Rotary column mass transfer apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas processing.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to rotary-type mass transfer apparatuses for mass transfer processes between gas and liquid and can be used in gas, chemical and oil refining industries. Rotary column mass transfer apparatus contains a cylindrical body, a rotating shaft, rotating discs, an electric motor, phase feeders. The discs have bent stamped slots, a drain baffle and a guide ring. The apparatus has fixed plates with drain baffles and upper concentric baffles with slots. The height of the upper concentric baffles is greater than the height of the baffles on the trays. The fixed trays have bottom concentric baffles, drain centre tubes, and tubes with oblique cuts. Drain rings are attached to the body of the apparatus, and a paddle impeller is rigidly attached to the shaft.

EFFECT: increase in intensity of mass transfer processes and a reduction in the cost of metal for manufacturing the apparatus.

1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to rotary-type mass transfer apparatus for mass transfer processes between gas (steam) and liquid and can be used in gas, chemical and oil refining industries.

Rotary film mass transfer column, described in the copyright certificate SU 1457945 A1 (authors Shafranovsky A.V., Shmelev S.L., Olevsky V.M., Kurkovskaya V.V.), containing a vertical casing, a coaxial shaft, contact stages, reinforced on the shaft and consisting of spiral tapes, beaded at the edges, twisted around it and a central distributing cup, annular liquid collectors installed under the contact steps on the inner surface of the body, and trays located between the steps, communicating with the collectors and having a drain to the underlying steps.

Common features with the proposed design of the rotary column mass transfer apparatus is the presence of a vertical body (column), a rotating shaft, rotating contact stages, annular liquid collectors.

The disadvantage is insufficiently high intensity of mass transfer and high metal costs for the manufacture of the apparatus.

Disk-film absorber described in the source [Absorption of gases. Ramm V.M., second edition, revised and supplemented, M., Chemistry Publishing House, 1976, on p. 322, fig. IV-17, a], consists of a horizontal cylindrical body and a horizontal shaft with perforated disks fixed on it. A certain liquid level is maintained in a horizontal cylinder. A horizontal shaft with perforated disks fixed on it rotates inside the cylinder. The surface of the disks protruding above the liquid mirror is covered with a liquid film; mass transfer occurs on the surface of this film. The circumferential speed of rotation of the disks is 0.2-0.3 m/s.

Common features with the proposed design of the rotary column mass transfer apparatus is the presence of a cylindrical body (column), a rotating shaft, rotating disks.

The disadvantages are similar to the previous counterpart.

Rotary mass transfer apparatus, described in patent SU1101247 A, contains a vertical cylindrical body, horizontal contact plates installed in the body and dividing it into contact zones, a shaft located in the body along its axis and passing through the plates, circulation cylinders mounted on the shaft above the plates , turbulators, radially fixed on the cylinders and made with a longitudinal slot, and overflow devices connecting the contact zones to each other, while the device is equipped with grids covering the longitudinal slots of the turbulators, made with an elliptical cross section.

Common features with the proposed design of the rotary column mass transfer apparatus is the presence of a cylindrical body (column), a rotating shaft, overflow devices.

The disadvantages are similar to the previous analogue.

The closest in design (prototype) is a rotary-disk column extractor described in the source [Basic processes and apparatuses of chemical technology. Kasatkin A.G., ninth edition, revised, M., Chemistry Publishing House, 1973, on p. 544, fig. XIII-22]. The rotary-disk column extractor consists of a body, annular baffles, a rotor, a drive, and phase distributors. In this extractor inside the housing at an equal distance from each other fixed annular partitions are fixed. A shaft with horizontal flat disks passes vertically along the axis of the column, which is driven into rotation by means of a drive. The rotor discs are placed symmetrically with respect to the baffles, and each two adjacent annular baffles and the disc between them form a section of the column.

Common features with the proposed design of the rotary column mass transfer apparatus is the presence of a cylindrical body, a rotating shaft, rotating disks, a drive (electric motor), and phase feeders.

The disadvantage is insufficiently high intensity of mass transfer and high metal costs for the manufacture of the apparatus.

The objective of the invention is to create a new highly efficient column mass transfer apparatus of the rotary type for carrying out mass transfer processes between gas (steam) and liquid.

The technical result of the invention is:

- increasing the intensity of mass transfer processes;

- reducing the cost of metal for the manufacture of the apparatus.

The elimination of these shortcomings and the achievement of the claimed technical result from the implementation of a new rotary column mass transfer apparatus is achieved due to the fact that a bladed impeller is attached to the shaft, which increases the speed of the gas (steam) and contributes to an increase in the intensity of mass transfer, there are also disks rigidly fixed on the shaft with bent stamped notches, while the liquid moves due to centrifugal force in the direction from the center of the disk to the periphery of the disk, while when the liquid enters the bent stamped notch, the liquid breaks away from the disk and is thrown up, hits the overlying plate and its lower concentric partitions and flows down onto the disk, which leads to turbulence, atomization, dispersion of the liquid and to an increase in the intensity of mass transfer, and as a result, to a reduction in the cost of metal for the manufacture of the apparatus, the disks are also equipped with a drain baffle and a guide ring, while the guide ring is immersed in the liquid in the drain ring and prevents the gas from slipping between the disk and the wall of the column, while the drain ring is attached to the column body, also fixed plates with drain partitions are placed in the column apparatus, while disks are located above and below each fixed plate, while the fixed plates have upper concentric baffles with slots, while the height of the upper concentric baffles is greater than the height of the drain baffles on the plates so that the liquid cannot overflow through the upper concentric baffles, but flows between them, the plate also has drain central pipes, pipes with oblique cuts for the passage of gas (steam), moreover, the lower oblique cut of the pipe is designed to reduce spray entrainment, and the upper oblique cut is designed to evenly distribute the gas under the disk. The plate also has lower concentric partitions, while the upper concentric partitions contribute to dispersion, turbulence of the liquid and an increase in the intensity of mass transfer, and an increase in the intensity of mass transfer leads to a decrease in the volume of the apparatus, and as a result, to a decrease in the cost of metal for the manufacture of the apparatus.

A distinctive feature of the claimed invention is the placement of a bladed impeller on the shaft, as well as disks with bent punched notches, also fixed plates with upper concentric partitions with slots and lower concentric partitions are placed in the apparatus. In this case, the liquid moves due to centrifugal force in the direction from the center of the disk to the periphery of the disk, while when the liquid enters the bent stamped notches, the liquid breaks away from the disk and is thrown up, hits the overlying plate and its lower concentric partitions and flows down onto a rotating disk, which leads to turbulence, atomization, dispersion of the liquid and to an increase in the intensity of mass transfer and, as a result, to a decrease in the cost of metal for the manufacture of the apparatus. The rotating disk also has a drain baffle and a guide ring, while the guide ring is immersed in the liquid in the drain ring and prevents gas from slipping between the disk and the column wall. The drain ring is attached to the column body. In this case, the height of the upper concentric baffles with slots is greater than the height of the drain baffles on the plates, so that the liquid cannot overflow through the upper concentric baffles, but flows between them. The tray also has drain central pipes for draining liquid to the underlying disk, the tray also has a pipe with oblique cuts for the passage of gas (steam), and the lower oblique cut of the pipe is designed to reduce spray entrainment, and the upper oblique cut is designed to evenly distribute gas under the disk with bent stamped cutouts.

The essence of the proposed rotary column mass transfer apparatus is illustrated by drawings (Fig. 1-5).

List of figures

Fig. 1. General view of the rotary column mass transfer apparatus.

Fig. 2. Top view of the disk.

Fig. 3. Cross section of the disk.

Fig. 4. Top view of the plate.

Fig. 5. Bottom view of the plate.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the proposed rotary column mass transfer apparatus. In FIG. 2 shows a top view of the disk. In FIG. 3 shows a cross section of the disk. In FIG. 4 shows a top view of the plate. In FIG. 5. shows a bottom view of the plate.

The inventive rotary column mass transfer apparatus (Fig. 1-5) consists of a vertical housing (column) (1), a rotating coaxial shaft (2), an electric motor (3), disks (4) mounted on a rotating shaft with bent stamped notches (19) , trays (5), liquid supply (6), gas (steam) supply (7), gas (steam) outlet (8), liquid outlet (9), drain center pipes (10), guides rings (11), drain rings (12), radial bearing (13), thrust bearing (14), rotating baffles (15), fixed baffles (16), beveled gas (steam) pipes (17) , impeller (18), lower concentric baffles (20), upper concentric baffles (21) with slots (22). The guide ring (11) is rigidly attached to the disc (4) and rotates with it, while the guide ring (11) is immersed in the liquid in the drain ring (12). There is a gap between the guide ring (11) and the wall of the drain ring (12) so that the guide ring (11) does not touch the wall of the drain ring (12) during rotation. The height of the upper concentric baffles (21) is greater than the height of the drain baffles (16) on the plates (5).

The proposed rotary column mass transfer apparatus, designed for mass transfer processes between gas (steam) and liquid, operates as follows. Gas (steam) is supplied to the bottom of the apparatus through the gas (steam) supply device (7), with the help of a rotating impeller (18) it is turbulized and rises up the apparatus. As it rises, the gas (steam) passes through stamped slots (19) in the rotating disks (4) and through pipes with oblique cuts for the passage of gas (steam) (17). The lower oblique cut of the pipes (17) makes it possible to reduce spray entrainment during the passage of gas (steam) through the pipe (17). The gas (steam) first hits the wall of the drain central pipe (10), changes the direction of flow, and then enters the pipe with an oblique cut (17). A sudden change in the direction of the gas (steam) flow helps to reduce spray entrainment due to the deposition of liquid droplets on the outer walls of the drain central pipe (10) under the action of inertia forces. An oblique cut in the upper part of the pipe (17) allows you to evenly distribute the gas (steam) over the plate (5). The gas (steam) cannot pass between the disk (4) and the column wall because the guide ring (11) is immersed in the liquid in the drain ring (12). The gas (steam) leaves the apparatus (1) through the branch pipe (8). Liquid enters the apparatus through a liquid supply device (6), is fed to a rotating disk (4) with bent stamped notches (19), and drains using guide rings (11) into drain rings (12). From the drain rings (12), the liquid through the fixed drain threshold (16) enters the plate (5), passes between the concentric partitions (21) and through the slots (22), and enters the center of the plate (5) and drains through the drain central pipe ( 10) onto the underlying rotating disc (4). From the bottom of the apparatus, the liquid is discharged through the branch pipe (9). The contact of gas (steam) and liquid occurs in the space between the rotating disks (4) and plates (5). Rotating discs (4) with bent stamped notches (19) intensively spray the liquid. When the liquid hits the bent punched notch (19), the liquid breaks away from the disk (4) and is thrown up, hits the overlying plate (5) and its lower concentric partitions (20), and flows down onto the disk (4), which leads to to turbulence, atomization, dispersion of the liquid and to an increase in the intensity of mass transfer processes and, as a result, to a reduction in the cost of metal for the manufacture of the apparatus. On fixed plates (5), the liquid flows along a complex trajectory between the upper concentric partitions (21) and through slots (22). The liquid cannot overflow through the upper concentric baffles (21), but flows between them, since the height of the upper concentric baffles (21) is greater than the height of the drain baffles (16) on the plates (5), this contributes to turbulence and mixing of the liquid and, as a result, intensification mass transfer and, as a result, to reduce the cost of metal for the manufacture of the apparatus.

Literature

1. Copyright certificate SU 1457945 A1. Rotary film mass transfer column. Authors: Shafranovsky A.V., Shmelev S.L., Olevsky V.M., Kurkovskaya V.V. Published 02/15/1989. Bull. No. 6.

2. Ramm V.M. gas absorption. Second edition, revised and enlarged. M, Publishing house "Chemistry", 1976, on p. 322, fig. IV-17, a.

3. Kasatkin A.G. Basic processes and apparatuses of chemical technology. Ninth edition, revised. M., Publishing house "Chemistry", 1973, on page 544, fig. XIII-22.

4. Author's certificate SU 1101247 A. Rotary mass transfer apparatus. Authors: Odintsov A.V., Brezgin B.N., Zhilin I.F., Kroshkin G.S. Published 07/07/1984, Bull. No. 25.

Claims (1)

Rotary column mass transfer apparatus containing a cylindrical body, a rotating shaft, rotating disks, an electric motor, phase feeders, characterized in that the disks have bent punched slots, a drain baffle and a guide ring, and the apparatus has fixed plates with drain baffles and with upper concentric baffles with slots, while the height of the upper concentric baffles is greater than the height of the drain baffles on the plates, also the fixed plates have lower concentric baffles, drain central pipes, pipes with oblique cuts, and drain rings are attached to the body of the apparatus and a paddle impeller is rigidly attached to the shaft .

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