RU2425708C1 - Conic rotation-film mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: rotary-film mechanism consists of conic case with covers and heated walls equipped with branches for supply and withdrawal of steam and with branches for introduction of source and withdrawal of finished product, of separation fender and separation chamber with branch for connection to vacuum system, and of perforated rotor positioned inside case and secured on shafts. On external surface of the rotor there is located a hollow drum with a star-like cross section, tops of which correspond to its blades, while its edges along whole length are parallel to generatrix of internal surface of the conic case with a constant gap. Edges of drum blades are made screw-like along its whole length; the separation fender is stationary fixed on the case by means of radial supports forming holes like circular segments. Vertical guards are installed on surface of a continuous section of the separation fender facing the rotor.

EFFECT: intensified process of heat mass exchange, reduced power expenditures, facilitation of high reliability of steal-liquid mixture and upgraded quality of finished product.

8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for carrying out the drying process of phosphatide emulsions of vegetable oils and can be used in the oil industry and other industries using evaporation of moisture from heat-sensitive highly viscous concentrates.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect is a rotary-film apparatus [USSR author's certificate No. 1722516, class. B01D 3/30 03/30/92. Bull. No. 12], designed to conduct the process of evaporation of phosphatide emulsions of sunflower oils, made in the form of a horizontally arranged conical body with a lid and heated walls, equipped with nozzles for supplying and discharging steam and nozzles for inputting the initial and output of the finished product, located respectively in the upper and lower parts of the casing, the plate-type separation chipper and the separation chamber with nozzles for connection to a vacuum system located inside the casing and fixed th on the shafts using a rotor in the form of a star-shaped hollow drum of constant cross section with blades located on its outer surface. Perforation is performed in the area between the blades and in the rotor disks in the direction of movement of the processed product.

The disadvantage of this device is that the processed product containing moisture moves along the body of the apparatus along with the vapor of moisture evaporated from the product at a low speed, therefore, as the processed product is removed along the length of the housing from the point of supply, the vaporized gas mixture becomes more saturated and not able to absorb newly evaporated volatile substances and vapors at the same speed, which leads to the duration of the evaporation process, but at the same time to intensify the process of heat and the additional heat is consumed, which leads to an increase in energy consumption and a decrease in the quality of the finished product, and the separation of the vapor-liquid mixture by a rotating plate-type separation chipper does not allow reliable separation due to the action of centrifugal forces returning the product back to the evaporation zone, blocking the steam exit from it .

An object of the invention is to intensify the process of heat and mass transfer, reduce energy consumption, ensure high reliability of separation of the vapor-liquid mixture and improve the quality of the finished product due to the uniform increase in the speed of movement of the product along the length of the apparatus from the heated zone to its exit by performing the edges of the blades of the drum helically the length and use of a stationary separation bump with vertical guides.

The stated technical problem is achieved in that in a conical rotary-film apparatus containing a conical body with covers and heated walls, equipped with nozzles for supplying and discharging steam and nozzles for inputting the initial and output of the finished product, located respectively in the upper and lower parts of the housing, a bump stop and a separation chamber with nozzles for connection to a vacuum system, a perforated rotor mounted on the shafts of the inside of the housing and mounted on shafts with the help of disks, on the outer the surface of which there is a hollow drum with a star-shaped cross-section, the vertices of which are its blades, and its edges along its entire length are parallel to the generatrix of the inner surface of the conical body with a constant gap, the new fact is that the edges of the drum blades are screw-shaped along its entire length, and the separation the chipper is fixedly mounted on the housing by means of radial bearings with the formation of holes in the form of ring-shaped segments, moreover, on the surface of the solid part of the separation Oynika, facing the rotor, installed vertical guides.

The technical result consists in the intensification of the heat and mass transfer process, reducing energy consumption, ensuring high reliability of the separation of the vapor-liquid mixture and improving the quality of the finished product due to the uniform increase in the speed of movement of the product along the length of the apparatus from the heated zone to its exit by performing the edges of the drum blades helically along its entire length and use stationary separation chipper with vertical guides.

Figure 1 shows a General view of a conical rotary film apparatus, figure 2 - a hollow drum with a star-shaped cross-section and its three-dimensional model, figure 3 - separation bump, figure 4 - enlarged remote element B.

The conical rotary film apparatus (Fig. 1) comprises a conical body 1 with covers 2 and heated walls having a heating jacket 3 and nozzles 4, 5, respectively, for inputting the initial product, outputting the finished product located in the upper and lower parts of the housing, and pipe 6 for connection to a vacuum system. The supply and removal of steam from the heating jacket 3 is carried out through pipes 7 and 8.

The conical body 1 is made truncated with an opening angle of 18-22 °, the larger base of which is located in the input zone of the original product, and the ratio of the diameter of the larger base of the body to the diameter of its smaller base is 1.8-2.5.

Inside the housing is placed rotatably a cylindrical perforated rotor 9 with holes 13, mounted on the shafts 15 using disks 11 and 12.

On the outer surface of the cylindrical perforated rotor 9 is a hollow drum 10 with a star-shaped section, the tops of which are its blades.

The edges of the blades of the drum 10 are parallel to the generatrix of the inner surface of the conical body 1 with a constant gap and are made screw-like along their entire length.

In the place of contact with the cylindrical perforated rotor 9, the hollow drum 10 also has holes made coaxially with the holes 13 of the cylindrical perforated rotor 9.

Moreover, the perforation holes 13 begin at a distance from the axis of the pipe 4 for supplying the starting product equal to 0.15-0.20 to the length of the rotor 9. This is due to the fact that the process of separating evaporated moisture from the starting product does not begin most intensively at the product inlet a cylindrical body, and at a distance equal to about 0.1-0.2 of the length of the rotor (during the period of heating of the initial product). The live section of the perforation 13 along the length of the rotor 9 varies. The ratio of the living cross-sectional area of the perforation 13 of the rotor 9 at the input point of the starting product to the living cross-sectional area of the perforation at the exit point of the finished product is 1.4-1.8. On the right shaft 15 of the rotor 9, in addition to the disk 12, a separation baffle 16 is installed, which is fixedly mounted on the casing by means of radial bearings with the formation of holes 21 in the form of ring-shaped segments, and on the surface of the solid part of the separation baffle 16 facing the rotor 9, vertical guides 19 and sealing sleeve 20.

Between the separation chipper 16 and the cover 2 of the housing 1, a separation chamber 17 is formed. On the disk 12 of the rotor 9 located in the product exit zone and adjacent to the separation chipper 16, holes 18 are made, the ratio of the living section of which to the living section of the holes 13 of the perforated rotor 9 is not less than 1.

The proposed conical rotational film apparatus operates as follows.

The initial processed product enters through the pipe 4 into the inner space of the housing 1, where it enters the blades 10 of the rotating rotor 9 and, under the action of centrifugal forces, is applied to the inner surface of the housing 1, heated through heating shirts 3 with steam supplied and discharged by the pipes 7 and 8. The processed product progressively moves along with the vapor of moisture evaporated from the product along the housing 1 due to helical blades with a high speed of movement along the apparatus to the outlet and is removed from it through the pipe 5. the vapor-gas mixture formed as a result of evaporation is sucked off by a vacuum system (not shown) through the holes 13 of the perforated rotor 9 and the holes 18 of the disk 12, and also through the gap 14 between the housing 1 and the disk 12, after which it comes into contact with the separation chipper 16, where from it the liquid phase of the finished product is released, which, through the guides 19, moves to the outlet pipe of the finished product 5. Then the gas-vapor mixture enters the separation chamber 17 and through the pipe 6 for connection to the vacuum system from the device.

The advantages of a conical rotary film apparatus are that:

- the implementation of the edges of the blades of the drum helically along its entire length allows for uniform and linear movement of the product at high speed along the apparatus body with short-term temperature exposure, which leads to intensification of the heat and mass transfer process, reduction of energy consumption, ensuring high reliability of separation of the vapor-liquid mixture and improving quality finished product;

- fixing the separation chipper motionlessly on the casing by means of radial bearings with the formation of holes in the form of ring-shaped segments and installing on the surface of the solid part of the separation chipper facing the rotor of the vertical guides, it is possible to efficiently and timely remove the product from the treatment zone, to separate the liquid phase from the vapor-gas mixture and timely remove outside the apparatus.

Claims (1)

Conical rotary-film apparatus containing a conical body with covers and heated walls, equipped with nozzles for supplying and discharging steam and nozzles for inputting the output and output of the finished product, located respectively in the upper and lower parts of the housing, a separation chipper and a separation chamber with a pipe for connecting to the vacuum system, placed inside the housing and mounted on shafts with the help of discs, a perforated rotor, on the outer surface of which there is a hollow drum with a star a shaped section, the vertices of which are its blades, and its edges along its entire length are parallel to the generatrix of the inner surface of the conical body with a constant gap, characterized in that the edges of the drum blades are screw-shaped along its entire length, and the separation chipper is fixedly mounted on the body by means of radial supports with the formation of holes in the form of ring-shaped segments, and on the surface of the continuous part of the separation bump facing the rotor, vertical ravlyaetsya.

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