RU2790896C1 - Device for closing hatch covers of low-sided cars - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; equipment for servicing railway low-sided cars.

SUBSTANCE: device for closing hatch covers of low-sided cars consists of a trolley (1) with a movement drive, on which a lever (4) for lifting the hatch cover is installed, and pressure levers (6) driven by hydraulic cylinders (2) to interact with the raised cover, carrying mechanisms for closing the hatches (7). A stand (9) with a mechanism for closing sectors is installed on the trolley, based on a mechanism for vertical and inclined positioning, which ensures that the height of the spindles of the mechanism for closing sectors coincides with the sectors of the locking devices of low-sided car hatches.

EFFECT: expansion of the range of low-sided cars being serviced due to the possibility of closing the hatch covers of low-sided cars of different standard sizes with different heights of hatch covers with minimal time spent on reconfiguration and eliminates manual labour.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The claimed invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, in particular to equipment for the assembly of railway gondola cars.

Technical problem: the lack of the possibility of using existing devices for closing the hatch covers of gondola cars of different sizes at the final stages of manufacturing or in the production of loading and unloading operations without the use of manual labor.

The technical result to which the claimed invention is directed is to provide the possibility of closing the hatch covers of gondola cars of different sizes, with different heights of hatch covers, with minimal time spent on reconfiguration, as well as the exclusion of manual labor.

From the prior art (invention certificate SU 766928, application No. 2660619/27-11 dated 09/04/1978, published 09/30/1980, bull. No. 36) a device is known for closing the hatch covers of a railway gondola car, containing a trolley mounted on a rail track , parallel to the main path, mounted on its frame, a hatch cover lifting mechanism, including a rotary part made in the form of a lever, hinged at its end in the upper part of the said frame, a power cylinder is also hinged to the frame for lifting the lever, the lever is provided on a free at the end, rollers interacting with the hatch cover, on the power hydraulic cylinder, a retractable part is movably mounted, containing guides rigidly fixed on it, in which sliders with stops are movably installed, with the help of which the caps are pushed onto the hatch cover brackets, two pneumopercussion mechanisms are installed along the edges of the guides to rotate the sectors , locking gondola car caps.

Disadvantages of this device:

- lack of a mechanism for vertical and inclined positioning, a rack carrying a mechanism for closing sectors of locking devices for hatch covers, which does not allow for the possibility of closing hatch covers for different standard sizes of gondola cars, with different heights of hatch covers, with minimal time spent on reconfiguration.

Also from the prior art (RF patent for the invention RU 2031027, application No. 5018720/11 dated 12/24/1991, published 03/20/1995), a device is known for opening and closing the covers of the unloading hatches of a bunker car, containing a drive shaft mounted under the car, kinematically connected with manhole covers and a manual drive for its rotation, including a worm gear formed on the frame by means of a bracket by a worm shaft, with a handle at the end engaged with the worm sector, while this sector is fixed on the drive shaft, and a slot is made in the bracket with round extensions on ends, in which the handle of the worm shaft is installed with the possibility.

The disadvantages of this device are:

- the absence of mechanisms for closing the flaps interacting with the flaps of the locking device of the hatch cover when it is closed,

- lack of a mechanism for vertical and inclined positioning, a rack carrying a mechanism for closing sectors of locking devices for hatch covers, which does not allow for the possibility of closing hatch covers for different standard sizes of gondola cars, with different heights of hatch covers, and does not provide minimal time spent on reconfiguration.

Also, from the prior art (Ukrainian patent for utility model UA 28131, application No. U 200708339 dated 20.07.2007, published 26.11.2007), a device is known for closing the hatch cover of a gondola car, containing a trolley mounted on a railway track, hinged to the frame bogies of the power hydraulic cylinder and the grip of the hatch cover, made on the upper part of the upper rod of the power hydraulic cylinder, the lower part of the rod of the hydraulic cylinder is movably connected to the support, and the frame is U-shaped.

The disadvantages of this device: the absence of a mechanism for vertical and inclined positioning, a rack carrying a mechanism for closing sectors of locking devices for hatch covers, which does not allow for the possibility of closing hatch covers for different standard sizes of gondola cars, with different heights of hatch covers, and does not provide minimal time for reconfiguration .

In addition, from the prior art (author's certificate for the invention SU 1743955 application No. pr. 4858425/11 dated 08/09/1990, published 06/30/1992, bull. No. 24), a device is known for closing gondola car hatches, containing installed on the track, parallel to the main trolley, on the trolley, a lever for accelerated lifting of the hatch cover and levers for straightening and straightening the hatch cover interacting only with the lifted hatch cover and therefore having short-stroke power cylinders as a drive are pivotally mounted on the cart, mechanisms for closing the hatches are fixed on the levers, a rack is fixed to the frame of the cart, in which two spatial fists with wedge-shaped grooves are installed with the possibility of rotation. In this case, the spatial fists are rotated from the drive. The rack also has a sector closing mechanism, consisting of two retractable spindles. The stand is U-shaped.

The design of this device for closing gondola car hatches was chosen as a prototype as the closest in technical essence and purpose.

The disadvantage of this device is the absence of a mechanism for vertical and inclined positioning, which does not allow for the possibility of closing hatch covers for different sizes of gondola cars, with different heights of hatch covers, with minimal time spent on reconfiguration.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the claimed device for closing hatch covers of gondola cars, containing a trolley with a movement drive installed on a path parallel to the main one, on which a hinged lever for lifting the hatch cover and at least two clamping levers driven by means of hydraulic cylinders, mechanisms for closing the caps, fixed on the clamping levers, a U-shaped stand mounted on a trolley, in which two spatial fists are located with the possibility of rotation, having wedge-shaped grooves and driven by drives, the mechanism for closing the sectors is also fixed on the stand, consisting of two retractable spindles, characterized in that the stand legs, through the supports of the connecting rod journals of the cranks, rests on the cranks of the vertical and inclined positioning mechanism, consisting of a gearbox, with a handwheel mounted on the input shaft and an intermediate crank attached to the output shaft, which and, in turn, is connected by a shaft through flanges with an end crank, while the intermediate crank and the end crank with their main journals rest through supports on the trolley, thrust screws, which, together with external ties and internal ties, fix the rack with lock nuts, and also additionally contains a mechanism for determining rack position in space, consisting of a vertical scale complete with an arrow to indicate the vertical position and an angular scale complete with an arrow to indicate deviation from the vertical, while the arrow of the vertical scale is fixed on the gearbox, and both scales and the arrow of the angle scale are fixed on lateral surface of the legs of the rack.

The essence of the claimed invention is illustrated by graphic materials in figures 1÷4:

Fig. 1 - Device for closing hatch covers of gondola cars (general view);

Fig. 2 - Device for closing hatch covers of gondola cars (view A);

Fig. 3 - Device for closing hatch covers of gondola cars (view B);

Fig. 4 - Device for closing hatch covers of gondola cars (view B).

The device for closing hatch covers of gondola cars contains a trolley 1 with a movement drive (not shown). The trolley 1 is equipped with a hinged lever 4 for lifting the hatch cover, designed to lift the cover from the lower (initial) position and clamping levers 6, designed to interact only with the raised cover and driven by hydraulic cylinders 2. The lever 4 moves due to the hydraulic cylinder 3. On the clamping levers 6, the closing mechanisms of the hatches 7 are fixed, which interact with the flaps of the locking device of the hatch cover when it is closed.

A rack 9 is installed on the trolley, in which two spatial fists 8 are located, with the possibility of rotation, having wedge-shaped grooves and driven by drives 10. A mechanism for closing sectors 15 is also fixed on the rack 9, which is designed to simultaneously rotate the sectors of the locking device of the gondola hatch cover in closed position with 21 spindles.

The rack 9 has a U-shaped design and with its legs 36 through the supports 23 of the connecting rod journals of the cranks rests on the cranks 18 and 19 of the vertical and inclined positioning mechanism.

The mechanism for vertical and inclined positioning of the rack 9 consists of a gearbox 11 with a handwheel 13 mounted on the input shaft (not shown) and an intermediate crank 18 attached to the output shaft (not shown), which, in turn, is connected by the shaft 14 through the flanges 16 with the end crank 19 The cranks 18 and 19, with their main journals 20, rest through the supports 17 on the cart 1. The stop screws 26, together with the external couplers 5 and with the internal couplers 12, fix the rack 9 and, accordingly, the mechanisms located on it in space relative to the cart 1 and, accordingly, relative to the locking devices of the cover gondola hatch. Stop screws 26 move in threaded bushings 28 and are fixed with lock nuts 27.

To determine the position of the rack 9 in space, a mechanism for determining the position of the rack in space is used, consisting of:

- vertical scale 30 complete with an arrow 29 (to indicate the vertical position);

- angle scale 31 complete with arrow 32 (to indicate the deviation from the vertical when tilted).

In this case, the arrow 29 of the vertical scale 30 is fixed on the gearbox 11, and both scales 30 and 31 and the vertical position arrow 32 are fixed on the side surface of the leg 36 of the rack 9.

The device for closing hatch covers gondola cars works as follows.

The trolley 1, controlled by the operator, moving along the gondola car, stops in front of the open hatch and is fixed relative to the hatch by the interaction of spatial fists 8, rotated by drives 10, with the body racks 35 of the gondola car. The operator using the hydraulic cylinder 3 raises the lever 4, which in the direction of travel picks up the hatch cover 34 of the gondola car and presses its central part against the body 35. Then the operator using the hydraulic cylinders 2 raises the clamping levers 6, which, interacting with the cover 34 of the hatch in the area of the brackets, press it to the hatch opening in the places of the locking mechanisms. Further, the closing mechanisms of the 7 caps start the caps for the protrusions of the brackets of the cover 34 of the hatch. After that, the operator, using the spindles 21 of the mechanism for closing the sectors 15, rotates the sectors of the locking mechanisms to the “closed” position.

Since different models of gondola cars may have different heights of the hatch covers in the closed position and, accordingly, different heights of the locking mechanisms, it is necessary to ensure that the height arrangement of the spindles 21 of the sector closing mechanism 15 corresponds to the height arrangement of the sectors of the locking mechanisms. This is ensured by the operation of the mechanism for vertical and inclined positioning of the rack 9 in the following order:

- external couplers 5 are disconnected from the rack 9;

- stop screws 26 are moved to the lowest position;

- by lengthening or shortening the internal couplers 12, the required angle of inclination of the rack 9 is set towards the body of the gondola car or from the body of the gondola car, while the rack 9 is tilted by turning the supports 23 on the connecting rod journals 22 of the intermediate crank 18 and the end crank 19, and the angle of inclination of the rack 9 is controlled on an angle scale 31 by means of an arrow 32, which maintains its vertical position due to the force of gravity by turning about the axis 33;

- when the steering wheel 13 of the gearbox 11 rotates, the main journals 20 of the intermediate crank 18 rotate, and through the flanges 16 and shaft 14, the rotation is transmitted to the main journals of the end crank 19;

- rotation of the main journals 20 of the intermediate crank 18 and the end crank 19 leads to the fact that the connecting rod journals 22 of the cranks move in a circle with a radius of 24. In this case, the rack 9, resting its legs 36 on the crankpins 22 of the intermediate crank 18 and the end crank 19 through support 23 begins to rise or fall (depending on the direction of rotation of the handwheel 13). The greatest height of movement of the rack 9 vertically is equal to two radii 24;

- since in the process of lifting - lowering the column 9 is held from falling by internal ties 12, then by rotating the steering wheel 13 it is necessary to ensure that the column 9 takes a vertical position, which will correspond to the position of the arrow 32 at "0" of the angular scale 31, and changing the position of the column 9 in height will be reflected according to the readings of the vertical scale 30 using the arrow 29. If necessary, the angle of the rack 9 may differ from the vertical position;

- after the stand 9 has been set in height and angle of inclination, external ties 5 are attached to the stand, the stop screws 26 are unscrewed from the bushings 28 until the heads of the screws 25 tightly contact the ends of the supports 23 of the connecting rod journals of the cranks 18 and 19 and are locked with lock nuts 27. Thus, the stand 9 becomes fixed in space relative to cart 1.

Using the mechanism of vertical and inclined positioning of the rack 9, it is possible to ensure that the height of the spindles 21 of the sector closing mechanism 15 coincides with the sectors of the locking devices of the hatch covers of gondola cars, which will allow serving gondola cars of different types with different heights of hatch covers.

The use of a device for closing hatch covers of gondola cars, equipped with a mechanism for vertical and inclined positioning of a rack carrying a mechanism for closing sectors of locking devices for hatch covers, makes it possible to close hatch covers for different standard sizes of gondola cars, with different heights of hatch covers, with minimal time spent on reconfiguration. Thus, there is an expansion of the range of serviced gondola cars.

The claimed invention is used in the workshops of the car assembly production of the JSC "Scientific and Production Corporation "Uralvagonzavod" and has confirmed its technical and economic efficiency.

Claims (1)

Device for closing hatch covers of gondola cars, comprising a trolley installed on a track parallel to the main one with a movement drive, on which a hinged lever for lifting the hatch cover and at least two clamping levers are mounted, driven by hydraulic cylinders, mechanisms for closing the hatches, fixed on the clamping levers , a U-shaped rack mounted on a trolley, in which two spatial fists are located with the possibility of rotation, having wedge-shaped grooves and driven by drives, a mechanism for closing the sectors is also fixed on the rack, consisting of two retractable spindles, characterized in that the rack legs through the supports of the connecting rod journals of the cranks, it rests on the cranks of the vertical and inclined positioning mechanism, consisting of a gearbox, with a handwheel mounted on the input shaft and an intermediate crank attached to the output shaft, which in turn is connected by a shaft through flanges to the end crank, while the cr the intermediate and end cranks with their main journals rest on the bogie through the supports, and stop screws, which, together with external ties and internal ties, fix the rack with lock nuts, and additionally contains a mechanism for determining the position of the rack in space, consisting of a vertical scale complete with an arrow to indicate the vertical position, and an angle scale complete with an arrow to indicate the deviation from the vertical, while the arrow of the vertical scale is fixed on the gearbox, and both scales and the arrow of the angle scale are fixed on the side surface of the rack leg.

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