RU2786018C1 - Seeding section for nested sowing of swollen and germinated melon seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to sowing machines of seeders for nested sowing of swollen and germinated melon seeds. The sowing section for nested sowing of swollen and sprouted melon seeds includes a seed box with a sowing conveyor having cells, active guides and a reflector. The sowing conveyor is mounted in the side wall of the seed box at an angle to the horizon. An apron with a width equal to the width of the sowing conveyor is installed above the conveyor to fit against it when emptying the seed box. The cells are placed on the sowing conveyor in a checkerboard pattern and are made in the form of a seed. The installation angle of the sowing conveyor to the horizon is made within 30…60°. The sowing unit is located at the rear wall of the coulter group. At the same time, the coulter group of the sowing section consists of three keeled coulters with a length k and a width b, the central one of which is shifted forward by a distance of 1.2…1.5k relative to the other two, located along the axes to the right and left of the central coulter at a distance l=1, 5b.

EFFECT: invention will make it possible to ensure the sowing of seeds in nests with a soil layer between them.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to sowing machines of seeders for nested sowing of swollen and germinated seeds.

Known sowing machine for precision seeding of cotton seeds and other crops, including a seed jar, sowing and nesting disks, reflectors, ejectors and a drive mechanism in which, for the purpose of nested sowing of seeds at high speeds of movement of the unit, the cells on the sowing disk are arranged in groups in a straight line at an angle to the radius, and the nest-forming disk is equipped with blades installed at an angle to the radius with ends bent in the direction of the radius (SU, copyright certificate No. 190688, IPC. A01C 7/18; A01C 7/16).

Despite the fact that the sowing disc is able to capture and move up to four seeds at the same time, and the nesting disc can move them to the window, the seeds are subjected to mechanical stress and are injured. Also, the shape of the cells of the apparatus does not correspond to the size and shape of melon seeds.

Known sowing machine, including a seed box with a visor at the front end surface, a drive sprocket to drive the sowing conveyor, which rests on a pallet and has a tension sprocket. On the conveyor there are transverse rows of cells with active guides, and the sowing conveyor consists of a bush-roller chain, to the links of which are attached plates with inserts having cells and active guides (Abezin V.G. Resource-saving soil-protective technology of mechanized cultivation and harvesting of gourds: educational allowance / Calm State University, Elista, 1993, 120 pp.).

The disadvantages of the device include the fact that the active guides do not provide one hundred percent filling of the cells when the seed is lifted onto the guides when they are located across the cell, and the reflector allows injury to germinated seeds. In addition, the seeds in the nest are located together, which makes it difficult to remove excess seedlings if all the seeds germinate in the nest or if pests damage all the seeds in the nest.

For the prototype, a sowing machine was chosen mainly for sowing swollen and germinated seeds of melons, including a seed box with a sowing conveyor having cells, active guides and a reflector, while the sowing conveyor is mounted in the side wall of the seed box at an angle to the horizon within 30 ... 60 ° , and an apron with a width equal to the width of the sowing conveyor is installed above the conveyor to fit it when emptying the seed box, the cells are placed on the sowing conveyor in a checkerboard pattern and are made according to the shape of the seed, and the sowing unit is located at the rear wall of the coulter for dotted sowing of seeds (RU patent for invention No. 2274988, IPC A01C 7/16; A01C 7/18).

The disadvantage of this device is that the supply of seeds to the coulter goes through one seed tube and therefore the required location of the seeds in the nest is not ensured.

The task to be solved by the claimed invention is to provide the specified accuracy of nested sowing of seeds without damaging them.

EFFECT: sowing seeds in nests with a soil layer between them.

позволяющем производить гнездовую заделку семян с почвенной прослойкой между ними.The specified technical result is achieved by a sowing section for nested sowing of swollen and sprouted melon seeds, including a seed box with a sowing conveyor having cells, active guides and a reflector, the sowing conveyor is mounted in the side wall of the seed box at an angle to the horizon, and an apron with a width is installed above the conveyor , equal to the width of the sowing conveyor, for adhering to it when emptying the seed box, and the cells are placed on the sowing conveyor in a checkerboard pattern and are made according to the shape of the seed, while the angle of installation of the sowing conveyor to the horizon is made within 30 ... 60 °, and the sowing unit itself located at the rear wall of the coulter group, and the coulter group of the sowing section consists of three keeled coulters, the central one of which is shifted forward relative to the other two, located to the right and left of the central coulter at a distance

allowing to produce nested placement of seeds with a soil layer between them.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows the claimed sowing device, cross section.

In FIG. 2 - the same, top view.

In FIG. 3 - section A-A in Fig. one.

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed invention is as follows.

The sowing section consists of a sowing unit and a coulter group. The sowing machine includes a seed box 1, in the side wall of which a sowing conveyor 2 is mounted, made of a conveyor belt. Above the sowing conveyor there is an apron 3 with a width equal to the width of the sowing conveyor and a length equal to the length of the seed box to its bottom. Apron 3 is fixed to the walls of the seed box with hinges 4.

Seeding conveyor 2 - replaceable, mounted on drive 5 and tension 6 drums. On the sowing conveyor, cells 7 are made, the configuration of which corresponds to the shape and size of the seeds of the sown crop. Cells 7 are placed on the sowing conveyor 2 in a checkerboard pattern and are separated from each other by active guides 8, made in the form of protrusions above the conveyor belt. The conveyor belt in the upper part in the zone of the seed box rests on the pallet 9. The supply of seeds from the cells 5 of each row of the conveyor 2 to the corresponding coulter is carried out through three seed tubes 10. width b: central 12 and two lateral 13. The central opener 12 is shifted forward at a distance of 1.2 ... 1.5k relative to the two side openers located along the axes to the right and left of the central opener at a distance

The sowing section works as follows.

The sowing conveyor 2 is put on drums 5 and 6, the thickness of the tape of which corresponds to the thickness of the seed of the sown crop. On the drum drive 5, the appropriate gear ratios are set to provide a given sowing step (the distance between the nests of the sown crop in a row).

The shape and size of the cells on the sowing conveyor must correspond to the shape and size of the seeds of the sown crop after they have been soaked and germinated.

The seed box 1 is filled with swollen and germinated seeds of the respective crop.

через почвенные прослойки, которые исключают одновременное повреждение зародыша семян с.-х. вредителями. Этим обеспечивается появление в гнезде хотя бы одного всхода.The drive to the drive drum 5 is carried out from the press wheel (not shown). When the drive drum rotates, the sowing conveyor belt 2 moves under the layer of seeds, active guides 8 orient the seeds above the cells. When the seed is located with a large axis above the cell, the seed falls into cell 7, excess seeds roll down due to the low coefficient of friction of swollen and germinated seeds and the inclination of the sowing conveyor. The seeds that have sunk into the cells are held in them by an apron 3. On the drive drum 5, the cells are deformed and push the seeds into the seed ducts 10, which then, under their own weight, enter the corresponding coulters 12, 13. As a result, the seeds in the nest are located at a distance from each other

through soil layers, which exclude simultaneous damage to the germ of seeds of page - x. pests. This ensures the appearance of at least one seedling in the nest.

Claims (1)

Seeding section for nested sowing of swollen and sprouted melon seeds, including a seed box with a sowing conveyor having cells, active guides and a reflector, and mounted in the side wall of the seed box at an angle of 30-60 ° to the horizon, an apron with a width mounted above the sowing conveyor , equal to the width of the sowing conveyor, for adhering to it when emptying the seed box, while the cells are placed on the sowing conveyor in a checkerboard pattern and are made according to the shape of the seed, and the sowing unit itself is located at the rear wall of the coulter group, characterized in that the coulter group of the sowing section consists of three keeled coulters of length k and width b, the central of which is shifted forward at a distance of 1.2 ... 1.5k relative to the other two, located along the axes to the right and left of the central coulter at a distance

for nested placement of seeds with a soil layer between them.

Images