RU2771649C1 - Roadblock - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: territory protection.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices designed to prevent unauthorized travel on a controlled section of a highway. A roadblock includes a horizontal axial beam and supports attached to it, made of sheets of high-strength steel and having a shape of an equilateral triangle, sides of which are concave inward in an arc. Supports are made at an angle of 55-85° to the axial beam. Any two adjacent supports are inclined in opposite directions, while one vertex of any support is connected to one vertex of the neighboring support, and the other two vertices are connected, respectively, to two vertices of the other neighboring support. Extreme supports are connected to only one adjacent support.

EFFECT: ensuring the rigidity of the structure to resist the resulting deformation and providing a stopping effect on the approaching vehicle due to the guaranteed introduction of vertices of supports into the roadbed and the exclusion of its shift and slippage.

2 cl, 1 tbl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices preventing the advancement of wheeled vehicles by means of a forced stop, designed to prevent unauthorized passage along a controlled section of the road, in particular at checkpoints of sensitive facilities.

A means of forced stopping of road transport is known, described in patent DE 102017101589B3 dated 07/26/2018, which is a prismatic structure, the base of which has the form of a three-pointed star. It rests on the roadway on two side edges of the prism passing through the tops of the star.

The disadvantage of the invention is that this tool is an all-metal hollow sheet metal structure, reinforced with stiffeners. This tool is a passive obstacle, which, upon primary contact with the vehicle, does not cause significant damage to it due to the large interaction area and the absence of any pointed (cutting) elements in the contact zone.

Another disadvantage is that the tool has a large mass, its movement is possible only with the help of special lifting equipment. At the same time, the design provides openings for loading / unloading only with a forklift, and rigging units for other lifting equipment are not provided.

A means of forced stopping of motor transport is known, described in the RF patent No. 87007 (RF patent for utility model No. 87007, published on September 20, 2009). This stopping means contains barrier elements in the form of crossed beams made of steel profile, installed on a horizontal bearing rod with provision of fixation from axial movement, a support for interaction with the ground is welded in the lower part of each beam, and the upper part is made pointed.

The disadvantage of this invention is that the barrier elements are connected only with a horizontal bearing rod located in the longitudinal axis of the barrier. This means that the rigidity of the barrier elements, as well as the structure as a whole, is provided only in the area of their connection with the carrier rod. In this case, the tops of the crossed beams that make up the barrier elements, under the influence of the kinetic energy of the vehicle, can be deformed (tilted), which will affect the effectiveness of the stop means. Also, the insufficient rigidity of the structure reduces its strength, which can lead to separation of the barrier elements from the rod when a vehicle is run over.

Another disadvantage of this invention is that the support for interaction with the ground is made of a channel. This barrier is supported on the roadway by the lower shelves of the channels, which are flat (as described in the patent and shown in the figure for the patent). Holes for anchor crutches are provided for fastening to the roadway. If anchor crutches are not used, then it is highly likely that when a vehicle hits a barrier, it will slip along the surface of the roadway and move along with the car. Thus, a situation is possible in which a car barrier will be moved to the side by an oncoming car without any resistance. If anchor crutches are used, then the barrier loses its mobility, and the deployment time on the ground increases due to the work on fixing the barrier to the roadway.

Known road barrier "Hedgehog" production plant perimeter fences "Egoza", consisting of a horizontal axial beam and cruciform supports attached to the axial beam. According to the manufacturer, all the power elements of the barrier are made of a square pipe 60×60×2. The product is designed to force the vehicle to stop by raising it above the ground when trying to overcome it.

The disadvantage of this product is that the cruciform supports are connected only to the axle beam. Thus, the rigidity of the supports, as well as the entire structure, is provided only in the area of their connection with the axial beam. In this case, the cruciform supports, when exposed to the kinetic energy of the vehicle, can deform (tilt) in the region of the vertices. Possible deformation of the cruciform supports indicates insufficient rigidity of the structure, which reduces its strength. When hit by a vehicle, the attachment point can be destroyed, and, consequently, the separation of the supports from the beam. This makes the barrier ineffective.

Another disadvantage of this product is the absence of any auxiliary elements that increase the likelihood of catching the crossed elements on the roadway when a vehicle hits. Cruciform supports are two elements from a 60 × 60 × 2 pipe, welded together at an angle of 90 degrees. As a rule, the hardness of the steel from which square pipes are made does not exceed 30 HRC. Leaning on the roadway is carried out on the ends of the pipes, rotated at an angle of 45 degrees relative to the surface of the roadway. If the road surface is hard (cement concrete, reinforced concrete, asphalt concrete, etc.), then the hardness of the material from which the cruciform supports are made may not be enough to penetrate into the roadway in order to raise the vehicle above the ground. Thus, a situation is possible in which a car barrier will simply be moved to the side by an oncoming car without any resistance.

Known automobile barrier, described in US patent 7258505B2 dated 21.08.2007. This car barrier consists of plates of a certain shape (for example, hat-shaped) and elements connecting them, which make it possible to obtain a car barrier of any length.

This barrier has a sufficiently high rigidity, due to the fact that the plates are interconnected at least in two places. However, the disadvantage of such a product is the non-regulated shape of the base of the plate, namely the place of the plate where it comes into contact with the roadway. If the edge of the plate with which it rests on the roadway is flat, then it is highly likely that when the vehicle hits the barrier, it will slip and move along with the car. Thus, a situation is possible in which a car barrier will simply be moved to the side by an oncoming car without any resistance.

A road barrier is known, described in patent RU 2756145 C1 dated March 16, 2021, chosen by the authors as a prototype. This vehicle barrier includes a horizontal axle beam and supports attached to it. The supports are made of a sheet of high-strength steel with a hardness of 50-60 HRC and have the form of an equilateral triangle with sides concave inward along an arc.

The prototype product is certainly very effective. The shape of the metal support really ensures its reliable penetration into the roadway for the purpose of subsequent overturning and raising the vehicle above itself. The disadvantage is that the steel supports are interconnected by only one horizontal axial beam, which is not enough to ensure high rigidity and strength of the structure as a whole. In this case, the tops of the steel supports, not having a rigid connection, can be deformed (tilted) under the influence of the kinetic energy of an oncoming vehicle, which reduces the effectiveness of the means of stopping vehicles. Also, due to insufficient strength, when a vehicle hits, it is possible to destroy the attachment points of the supports to the beam, and, consequently, the separation of the supports from the beam.

The road barrier declared by the authors includes a horizontal axial beam 1 and supports 2 attached to it (see Fig. 1). The supports are made of high-strength steel sheet and have the shape of an equilateral triangle with sides concave inward along an arc. The supports are located at an angle of 55-85 ° to the axial beam, and any two adjacent supports are inclined in opposite directions, while one vertex of any support is connected to one vertex of the adjacent support, and the other two vertices are connected, respectively, to two vertices of the other adjacent support, while the extreme supports are connected to only one adjacent support.

The aim of the invention is to obtain a road barrier that provides a stopping effect on an oncoming vehicle by increasing the rigidity of the structure, as well as guaranteed penetration of the tops of the supports into the roadway, overturning under the car, raising it above the ground and causing critical damage to the chassis of the car.

The technical result of the invention is achieved by making the supports at an angle of 55-85° to the axial beam, and any two adjacent supports are inclined in opposite directions, while one vertex of any support is connected to one vertex of the adjacent support, and the other two vertices are connected, respectively, with two vertices of another adjacent support, while the extreme supports are connected to only one adjacent support.

The fulfillment of these conditions ensures, when a vehicle hits a road barrier, sufficient structural rigidity, as well as its guaranteed engagement with the roadway surface and the exclusion of its shift and slippage, and, therefore, ensures that the road barrier performs its main function - a forced stop of the vehicle.

The barrier declared by the authors works as follows. When a vehicle hits a barrier, the frontal part of the vehicle (bumper, radiator, wheels, etc.) interacts with the pointed tops and ends of the steel supports. At the same moment of time, the lower, pointed tops of the steel supports far from the car, under the action of the car's mass, abut (embed) against the roadway, preventing the obstacle from slipping along the road surface. Further, under the influence of the kinetic energy of the vehicle, the automobile barrier begins to rotate around an axis passing through the points of penetration of pointed vertices into the road surface. In this case, the barrier is under the car, and, depending on the parameters of the car, either raises its front axle above the ground, or is under the car. In both cases, the barrier causes various damage to the vehicle (pierces the wheels, damages the radiator, breaks through the engine oil pan, etc.). The presence of serious damage to the car is due to the fact that the contact occurs with the pointed tops and ends of the steel supports, the area of \u200b\u200bwhich is small, and, consequently, the pressure exerted on the elements of the car is large. As a result, the vehicle either loses the ability to further controlled movement, or this movement is significantly hampered.

To increase the rigidity of the supports, as well as the construction of the barrier as a whole, the supports are connected not only to the axial beam, but also to the tops of neighboring supports at three points. Also, when the supports are made at an angle of 55-85° to the axial beam, the area of the weld between the supports and the axial beam will increase, which will increase the strength of the structure.

Guaranteed efficiency is achieved when the metal supports are made at an angle of 55-85° to the axle beam.

With constant geometric dimensions of the supports and the length of the axial beam, the value of the angle between them affects the number of supports made and the height of the barrier.

If the angle between the axle beam and metal supports is less than 55°, the number of supports located on the axle beam is reduced. Thus, the number of impact points on the vehicle is reduced. In this case, a situation is possible when, when a car hits an obstacle, the wheels will not interact with the tops of the supports, as they will fall between them. Also, the tops of the supports will be located lower, and consequently, the height of the barrier will be reduced. Thus, a situation is possible when the height of the barrier will be commensurate with or less than the clearance of the car, which can lead to unimpeded overcoming of the barrier.

If the angle between the axle beam and the metal supports is greater than 85°, the angle between the supports will be less than 10°. The smaller the angle between the metal supports, the smaller the distance between them. Thus, the supports will be located close to each other, and their location frequency on the axial beam will be high. When a vehicle hits a barrier, the front of the vehicle will interact with a large number of supports, between which the current load will be distributed. Thus, the barrier is less effective in stopping and causing less damage to the vehicle. Moreover, with an angle between the axle beam and metal supports of more than 85°, technological difficulties arise in manufacturing due to the small distance between the supports, as well as the inability to perform welds.

The optimal angle between the supports and the axle beam is 55-85°. Under this condition, during a collision with a vehicle, the rigidity of the car barrier, the adhesion of the car barrier to the roadway, the rotation of the barrier relative to the points of engagement, the lifting of the front axle of the car above the ground and / or damage to the vehicle components, i.e. will have a stopping effect.

For better adhesion of the road barrier to the roadway and causing additional damage to the vehicle, at least two cutouts are made on the sides of the supports along the entire length.

For testing at the plant of special materials JSC "NPO Spetsmaterialov" a series of samples of automobile obstacles with different values of the angle between the axle beam and metal supports was made. The list of samples is presented in table 1.

For each sample, the horizontal axial beam was made of a 60 × 60 × 3 square pipe 3.0 m long, and the metal supports were made of SPS-43 sheet steel 8.0 mm thick. The side of the support triangle is 700 mm.

The height of sample #1 was 436 mm and that of sample #2 was 502 mm.

A sample with an angle between the axial beam and metal supports of more than 85° could not be made due to the rather small distance between the supports. With the selected dimensions of the structural elements, it is technologically impossible to provide a high-quality weld between the supports and the axial beam. Thus, it can be concluded that the optimal angle between the supports and the axle beam is less than 85°.

In the testing center of special materials JSC "NPO Spetsmaterialov" (accreditation certificate No. ROSS RU.0001.22C308 dated 08.26.2014), each sample was subjected to forced stop tests of the vehicle. A small-tonnage truck Gazelle-3302 weighing 2100 kg was chosen as a vehicle. The road surface on which the tests were carried out was asphalt concrete. The road barrier was not fixed to the roadbed.

The car was accelerated to a speed of 30 km / h, after which there was an interaction with a car barrier.

When hit by a vehicle, sample No. 1 was shifted by 1 m, after which the right wheel of the car fell between the supports. As a result, the sample made one coup and remained under the vehicle. As a result of the collision, both wheels remained intact, no significant damage was caused to further controlled movement.

When a vehicle collided with sample No. 2, the tops of the supports were introduced into the roadbed. Then the sample carried out one coup under the vehicle and raised the front axle of the car above the ground, eliminating the possibility of further movement. As a result of the collision, the car received critical damage: one front wheel was cut, the steering rods were damaged, and the engine oil pan was pierced.

Sample No. 2 carried out a forced stop of the vehicle, and also caused serious damage to the car. This gives sufficient grounds to assert that sample No. 2 showed the greatest efficiency.

Thus, the action of the claimed parameters of the invention made it possible to achieve the claimed technical result - obtaining a barrier for a roadway, which provides a stopping effect on an oncoming vehicle due to sufficient structural rigidity, as well as a guaranteed introduction of the pointed tops of the supports into the roadway.

The claimed technical solution for the design features of road barriers is new, since the totality of the distinguishing features of the invention, including in particular cases, is unknown from the literature and practical experience in this area.

The solution meets the criterion of "inventive step", since the proposed one does not follow explicitly for a specialist from the analysis of domestic and foreign prior art.

Claims (2)

1. The road barrier, which includes a horizontal axial beam and supports attached to it, made of sheets of high-strength steel and having the shape of an equilateral triangle, the sides of which are concave inward along an arc, characterized in that all supports are made at an angle of 55-85 ° to axial beam, and any two adjacent supports are inclined in opposite directions, while one vertex of any support is connected to one vertex of the adjacent support, and the other two vertices are connected, respectively, to two vertices of the other adjacent support, while the extreme supports are connected to only one adjacent support. 2. The fence according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two cutouts are made on the sides of the supports along the entire length.

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