RU2771647C1 - Roadblock - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: territory protection.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices designed to prevent unauthorized travel on a controlled section of a highway. A roadblock includes a horizontal axial beam and crossed steel elements attached to it with metal plates made of high-strength steel, on which steel stops with a hardness of 50-60 HRC are made in the form of a triangle, located in a plane perpendicular to the plane of metal plates. The length of the base of stops is 0.6-0.8 of the length of the metal plate, and the height of stops is 0.5-0.8 of the length of the metal plate.

EFFECT: provision of a stopping effect on the approaching vehicle due to the guaranteed introduction of steel stops into the roadbed, which eliminates its shift and slippage; at the same time, the roadblock is turned over under the car, and serious damage is inflicted on the latter, excluding or hindering its further controlled movement to the protected area.

1 cl, 1 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to devices preventing the advancement of wheeled vehicles by means of a forced stop, designed to prevent unauthorized passage along a controlled section of the road, in particular at checkpoints of sensitive facilities.

Known car barrier, described in US patent 7258505 B2 dated 21.08.2007, consisting of plates of a certain shape (for example, hat-shaped) and elements connecting them, which allow you to get a car barrier of any length.

The disadvantage of this invention is the shape of the base plate, which it is in contact with the roadway. If the edge of the plate, with which it rests on the roadway, is flat, then it is highly likely that when the vehicle hits the barrier, it will be displaced along with the car without any resistance.

Another disadvantage of this invention is the non-regulated strength characteristics of the material from which the plates are made. If the strength of the plate material is low, then under the influence of the kinetic energy of an oncoming vehicle, the plates will be deformed or destroyed. At the same time, further controlled movement of the vehicle to the protected territory is not ruled out.

Known road barrier "Hedgehog" production plant perimeter fences "Egoza", consisting of a horizontal axial beam and cruciform supports attached to the axial beam. According to the manufacturer, all the power elements of the barrier are made of a square pipe 60×60×2. The product is designed to force the vehicle to stop by raising it above the ground when trying to overcome it.

The disadvantages of this product are the absence of any auxiliary elements that increase the likelihood of catching the crossed elements on the roadway when a vehicle hits. Cruciform supports are two elements from a 60 × 60 × 2 pipe, welded together at an angle of 90 degrees. As a rule, the hardness of the steel from which square pipes are made does not exceed 30 HRC. Leaning on the roadway is carried out on the ends of the pipes, rotated at an angle of 45 degrees relative to the surface of the roadway. If the road surface is hard (cement concrete, reinforced concrete, asphalt concrete, etc.), then the hardness of the material from which the cruciform supports are made may not be enough to penetrate into the roadway in order to raise the vehicle above the ground. Thus, a situation is possible in which a car barrier will simply be moved to the side by an oncoming car without any resistance.

A means of forced stopping of motor transport is known, described in the RF patent No. 87007 (RF patent for utility model No. 87007, published on September 20, 2009). This stopping means contains barrier elements in the form of crossed beams made of steel profile, installed on a horizontal bearing rod with provision of fixation from axial movement, a support for interaction with the ground is welded in the lower part of each beam, and the upper part is made pointed.

The disadvantage of this invention is that the support for interaction with the ground is made of a channel. This barrier is supported on the roadway by the lower shelves of the channels, which are flat (as described in the patent and shown in the figure for the patent). Holes for anchor crutches are provided for fastening to the roadway. If anchor crutches are not used, then it is highly likely that when a vehicle hits a barrier, it will slip along the surface of the roadway and move along with the car. Thus, a situation is possible in which a car barrier will be moved to the side by an oncoming car without any resistance. If anchor crutches are used, then the barrier loses its mobility, and the deployment time on the ground increases due to the work on fixing the barrier to the roadway.

Another disadvantage of this product is the non-regulated strength characteristics (hardness) of the material from which the supports are made to interact with the ground. This parameter is very important, because determines the ability of the supports to interact with the ground to be introduced into the roadway in order to provide a stopping effect.

If the road surface is made hard (cement concrete, reinforced concrete, asphalt concrete, etc.), and the support material has a low hardness (for example, common structural steels: St3, St.08, Steel 20, etc.), a situation is possible when which the vehicle barrier will be moved to the side by an oncoming vehicle without any stopping effect.

A road barrier is known, described in patent RU 2755928 C1 dated 03/09/2021, chosen by the authors as a prototype. This road barrier includes a horizontal axial beam and crossed steel elements attached to it, at the ends of which metal plates of steel with a hardness of 50-60 HRC are made at an angle of 50-130°.

The product according to the prototype, of course, is very effective, and provides a forced stop of the car. When a vehicle hits, the far bottom plate begins to interact with the roadway. But it is located at a certain angle in such a way that, upon contact with the car, it is prone to slip along the roadway, and not penetrate into it. In this case, it is possible that the barrier will be moved by the car to the side without any impact.

The road barrier declared by the authors includes a horizontal axial beam 1, crossed steel elements 2 attached to the axial beam, metal plates 3 at the ends of the steel elements, steel stops 4 made on metal plates (see Fig. 1). Plates and stops are made of high-strength steel with a hardness of 50-60 HRC.

The aim of the invention is to obtain a road barrier that provides a stopping effect on an oncoming vehicle due to the guaranteed introduction of steel stops into the roadway for the purpose of subsequent rollover and lifting the vehicle above it.

The technical result of the invention is achieved due to the length of the base of the stops, equal to 0.6-0.8 of the length of the metal plate, due to the height of the stops, equal to 0.5-0.8 of the length of the metal plate, and also due to the choice of steel with a hardness of 50-60 HRC as stop material.

The fulfillment of these three conditions ensures that, when a vehicle hits a roadblock, it is guaranteed to engage on the surface of the roadway, followed by a rollover and lifting of the vehicle above itself. At the same time, the shift and slippage of the barrier are excluded, and, consequently, the performance of the main function of the automobile barrier - the forced stop of the vehicle, is ensured.

The road barrier declared by the authors works as follows. When a vehicle hits a barrier, the frontal part of the vehicle (bumper, radiator, wheels, etc.) interacts with steel stops and metal plates located at the upper ends of the crossed steel elements. At the same moment in time, the lower stops, which are farthest from the car, under the action of the mass of the car, abut (are introduced) into the roadway, preventing the obstacle from slipping along the surface of the road surface. Further, under the influence of the kinetic energy of the vehicle, the automobile barrier begins to rotate around an axis passing through the points of introduction of the stops into the road surface. In this case, the barrier is under the car, and, depending on the parameters of the car, either raises its front axle above the ground, or is under the car. In both cases, the barrier causes various damage to the vehicle (pierces the wheels, damages the radiator, breaks through the engine oil pan, etc.). As a result, the vehicle either loses the ability to further controlled movement, or this movement is significantly hampered.

Guaranteed efficiency is achieved when the length of the base of the stops is 0.6-0.8 of the length of the metal plate.

Reducing the length of the base of the stops less than 0.6 of the length of the metal plate leads to a significant decrease in the angle at the top of the stops. In this case, the stiffness of the stops is significantly reduced. Since they are the supporting elements of the barrier, the stops bear the entire load acting on the barrier. Thus, under the influence of the kinetic energy of the vehicle, the tops of the stops can be deformed, which can lead to the slippage of the car barrier on the surface of the road surface and the shift of the barrier by the car without any stopping effect.

If the length of the base of the stops is more than 0.8 times the length of the metal plate, the underside of the stops will be nearly parallel to the ground. In this case, it is highly likely that when a vehicle hits, the stops will not penetrate into the road surface, and, accordingly, the barrier will not overturn, which is necessary to raise the vehicle above the ground and damage the vehicle elements. Therefore, a situation is possible in which a car barrier will simply be shifted to the side by an oncoming car without any resistance.

Thus, the optimal length of the base of the stops is 0.6-0.8 of the length of the metal plate. Under this condition, during a collision with a vehicle, the road barrier will adhere to the roadway, turn the barrier relative to the points of engagement, raise the front axle of the vehicle above the ground and / or damage the vehicle components, i.e. will have a stopping effect.

Guaranteed efficiency is achieved when the height of the stops is 0.5-0.8 of the length of the metal plate.

If the height of the stops is less than 0.5 of the length of the metal plate, the stops will not rest on the road surface, as they do not have sufficient height. The support will be carried out by means of metal plates. The main function of the stops is to increase the ability of the barrier to penetrate into the roadway, as well as to ensure that the barrier rotates relative to the points of engagement and raises the vehicle above itself, which is impossible in this design, since the stops do not come into contact with the roadway. This means that the design of the stops does not make sense, and the efficiency is similar to the selected product prototype.

An increase in the height of the stops more than 0.8 of the length of the metal plate leads to a significant decrease in the angle at the top of the stops. Such a disproportionate shape will reduce the rigidity of the stops, which are the supporting elements of the barrier. Thus, when a vehicle hits a barrier, the stops can be deformed, which can lead to slippage of the automobile barrier on the surface of the road surface and to the shift of the barrier by the car without any resistance.

Thus, the optimal height of the stops is 0.5-0.8 of the length of the metal plate.

Guaranteed efficiency is achieved when the stops on the metal plates are made of steel with a hardness of 50-60 HRC.

If the hardness of the steel from which the stops are made is below 50 HRC, then it becomes commensurate with or less than the hardness of the road surface. As a rule, road barriers are used on roads with a hard surface, such as: monolithic cement concrete, reinforced concrete or reinforced concrete prefabricated, asphalt concrete, etc. (according to SNiP 2.05.02-85 * Highways (with Amendments N 2-5). Materials such as concrete and various crushed stone fractions that may be part of the road surface have a fairly high hardness. As you know, hardness is the ability If the hardness of the steel from which the stops are made is lower than the hardness of the road surface, then the plates will not physically be able to penetrate into the roadway when a vehicle hits and ensure the guaranteed fulfillment of its function by the car barrier .

If the hardness of the steel from which the metal stops are made is above 60 HRC, then the steel, as a rule, has the following negative properties: high brittleness and poor weldability.

High brittleness can lead to brittle fracture of stops at the moment of dynamic loading, i.e. during a vehicle collision. After the destruction of one or more stops, the further behavior of the road barrier becomes unpredictable.

The poor weldability of the steel from which the plates are made does not allow for strong welds that connect the stops to the metal plates. When a vehicle hits a barrier, these welds may be destroyed, which will lead to separation (detachment) of the stops and further unpredictable behavior of the automobile barrier.

Thus, the optimal range of hardness of the steel from which the stops are made is 50-60 HRC.

For better adhesion of the road barrier to the roadway, at least two cutouts are made on the sides of the stops along the entire length.

For testing at the plant of special materials JSC "NPO Spetsmaterialov" a series of samples of automobile obstacles with different values of the length of the base of the stops, the height of the stops, as well as the hardness of the steel from which the stops are made, was made. The list of samples is presented in table 1.

For each sample, the horizontal axial beam was made of a 60×60×3 square pipe, the crossed steel elements were made of a 80×40×3 pipe, and the stops were made of SPS-43 steel sheet 5.0 mm thick. Various steel hardness values were obtained by heat treatment in a chamber electric shaft furnace. The crossed steel members were attached to the axle beam in 500 mm increments.

In the testing center of special materials JSC "NPO Spetsmaterialov" (accreditation certificate No. ROSS RU.0001.22C308 dated 08.26.2014), each sample was subjected to forced stop tests of the vehicle. A small-tonnage truck Gazelle-3302 weighing 2100 kg was chosen as a vehicle. The road surface on which the tests were carried out was asphalt concrete. The road barrier was not fixed to the roadway.

A series of tests was carried out, during which the car was accelerated to a speed of 30 km / h, after which it interacted with a car barrier.

As a result of testing samples No. 1-No. 6, the following negative phenomena were identified: plastic deformation of the stops, brittle fracture of the stops, shift and rotation of the barrier due to the lack of proper penetration of the stops into the roadway. This means that these samples cannot provide a guaranteed stopping effect on the vehicle due to the unpredictability of the behavior of the road barrier in the event of one or more of the above negative phenomena. And the lack of stable and predictable behavior under dynamic loading is the reason why barriers cannot be considered effective.

When a vehicle collided with sample No. 7, stops were introduced into the roadway. Then the sample carried out two coups under the vehicle and raised the front axle of the car above the ground. As a result of the collision, the car received critical damage: the right wheel was cut, the tie rod was damaged, and the engine crankcase was pierced. The car lost the possibility of further controlled movement.

Sample No. 7 most effectively carried out a forced stop of the vehicle, and also caused serious damage to the car. The results of the tests carried out give sufficient grounds to assert that sample No. 7 showed the greatest efficiency.

Thus, the action of the claimed parameters of the invention made it possible to achieve the claimed technical result - obtaining a road barrier, which provides a stopping effect on an oncoming vehicle due to the guaranteed introduction of steel stops into the roadway.

The claimed technical solution for the design features of road barriers is new, since the totality of the distinguishing features of the invention, including in particular cases, is unknown from the literature and practical experience in this area.

The solution meets the criterion of "inventive step", since the proposed one does not follow explicitly for a specialist from the analysis of domestic and foreign prior art.

Claims (2)

1. Road barrier, which includes a horizontal axial beam and crossed steel elements attached to it, at the ends of which metal plates are made of high-strength steel, characterized in that stops made of steel with a hardness of 50-60 HRC in the form of a triangle are made on the metal plates located in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the metal plates, while the length of the base of the stops is 0.6-0.8 of the length of the metal plate, and the height of the stops is 0.5-0.8 of the length of the metal plate. 2. The barrier according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two cutouts are made on the sides of the stops along the entire length.

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