RU2761905C1 - Device for extracting flue gases from fuel combustion chamber at moment of opening the door - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: stoves, boilers, fireplaces design.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the design of stoves, boilers, fireplaces and their elements. This invention can be used in the development of heating devices with a firebox, the design of which provides for circulating smoke removal. The device contains a gate valve, which includes a gate and a gate positioning unit, while the gate, installed between the chimney channel and the fuel combustion chamber, is a metal plate fixed from the inside of the pivot door, perpendicular to it or almost perpendicular to it and with the ability to rotate together with the door. The positioning unit is made at the level of the gate and is a groove formed by guides on at least one side along the perimeter of the section of the straight chimney duct.

EFFECT: preventing gases from entering the room when opening the loading swing door.

2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the design of stoves, boilers, fireplaces and their elements. This invention can be used in the development of heating devices with a firebox, the design of which provides for circulating smoke removal.

The movement of the circulating flow of flue gases does not exclude the emission of combustion products into the open door of the furnace, which causes smoke in the room. The most undesirable are the descending smoke streams in the area of the door. If, at the moment of opening the door, the draft into the chimney is not increased, then there is a danger of smoke escaping through the door, with all the ensuing unpleasant consequences.

A known mechanism for removing gases from the fuel tank during the period of loading fuel through the loading swing door, RF patent No. 2447365, IPC F23J 13/02, F23M 7/00, publication 10.04.12. The mechanism contains a boiler body, a fuel bunker, a loading rotary door, a slide gate valve installed between the chimney channel and the fuel bunker. The gate valve is installed perpendicular to the door leaf of the loading rotary door, and the gate valve is fixed from the inside to it and has the ability to rotate together with the door leaf. The gate has a groove on the face surface, into which the gate valve seat enters. Since the gate and gate valve seat are in a high temperature zone, thermal leashes of the metal from which these parts are made appear. This can lead to the impossibility of mating the gate groove and the saddle, and in the future to incomplete closing of the door. In addition, the deformed gate will not completely block the straight chimney duct.

A device for withdrawing pyrolysis gases from a fuel bunker is known according to RF patent No. 2724392, IPC F23M 7 / .00, F23J 11 / .00, published 06/23/2020. The device contains a boiler body, a fuel hopper, a loading rotary door having a door frame, a door leaf, a figured plate made along the perimeter of the door leaf, while the edge of the door frame is a saddle, the end surface of the figured plate is mated with the saddle when the loading rotary doors The upper outer surface of the door leaf is made above the saddle, and is interfaced with the chimney duct when the loading rotary door is closed, being located under it, while the chimney duct is connected to the pyrolysis gas outlet duct.

Thermal gate drivers with a slot and seats reduce the likelihood of mating these parts of the gate valve. In addition, the exact geometry of the chimney and the upper outer surface of the door leaf is required, otherwise the condition for their conjugation and blocking the flow of movement of pyrolysis gases into the chimney will not be met.

A device for burning fuel is known according to RF patent No. 2561196, IPC F24B 1/00, F24B 13/00, publication 08/20/2015, containing a firebox, a return smoke channel, a chimney, a door, a closing device, a smoke hole, which in the process of opening the door passes from the working closed position to the open position, while the smoke hole opens the entrance to the direct exhaust duct and is located in the front part of the firebox at a height that ensures its complete overlap by a closing device, which is a metal plate rigidly installed in the upper part of the door horizontally or almost horizontally at the same time, the area of the plate is necessary and sufficient to cover the smoke hole. The door swing angle is sufficient to exclude smoke and ranges from 5 ° to 90 °. The chimney area is 0.2 to 3 times the chimney cross-sectional area.

As in the above-described patents, thermal rubs of the cover plate can result in the straight exhaust duct not being completely closed. It can also lead to incomplete closing of the door of the heating device or its jamming.

The closest known technical solution as a prototype is the mechanism for removing gases from the fuel combustion chamber during the opening of the loading swing door in the fuel bunker, RF patent No. 2704059, IPC F23J 11/00, publication 23.10.2019. Mechanism for removing gases from the fuel combustion chamber , during the period of opening the sealed swing door in the fuel bunker, contains a boiler body, a fuel bunker, a combustion chamber in the fuel bunker, a swing door, a slide gate valve installed between the chimney channel and the fuel bunker perpendicular to the door leaf of the swing door. The gate is fixed from the inside to the door leaf and has the ability to rotate together with the door leaf, and the saddle is the end surface of the partition. A gate valve is installed between the first and second smoke tubes, starting from the bottom.

Since the gate, made of flat figured plates, and the seat of the gate valve are in the high temperature zone, thermal leashes of the metal from which these parts are made appear. This can lead to the impossibility of mating the gate groove and the saddle, and in the future to incomplete closing of the door and blocking of the chimney duct. In addition, the patent describes the design of the boiler, which means that the seat of the gate valve is located on a water-filled partition. This baffle and saddle will not be subject to temperature leaps to the same extent as the gate itself, and therefore there will be no joint "sagging" of these elements ...

The objective of the invention is to improve the operational properties, convenience and reliability of heating devices with a combustion chamber, the design of which provides for circulating smoke removal.

Taking into account the analysis of known similar technical solutions, it can be concluded that the problem of the emission of combustion products into the open door of the furnace is relevant today.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the device for removing flue gases from the fuel combustion chamber at the moment of opening the door, it contains a gate valve, which includes a gate and a gate positioning unit, while the gate installed between the chimney channel and the fuel combustion chamber is a metal plate fixed from the inside pivot door, perpendicular to it or almost perpendicular and with the ability to rotate with the door, according to the claims, the positioning unit is made at the level of the gate and is a groove formed by guides on at least one side along the perimeter of the section of the straight chimney duct.

The specified problem is solved by the fact that the guides that form the groove are equipped with bends that give the structure rigidity. The analysis of the prior art made it possible to establish that analogues characterized by a set of features identical to all features of the claimed technical solution are absent, which indicates the compliance of the claimed technical solution with the "novelty" condition of patentability.

Search results in this and related fields of technology in order to identify features that match the distinctive features of the prototype of the claimed object have shown that they do not follow explicitly from the prior art. The prior art also did not reveal the influence of the transformations envisaged by the essential features of the claimed invention on the achievement of the specified technical result. Therefore, the claimed invention meets the "inventive step" requirement of patentability.

The gate, fixed on all sides in the grooves formed by the guides and rigidly attached to the door, is less susceptible to thermal deformation, and therefore the quality of overlap of the direct chimney channel increases when the door is closed. In the event that, nevertheless, the deformation of the gate occurs, then it occurs together with the guides that form the grooves. This allows you to maintain high-quality pairing of parts. In addition, the gate, falling into the groove, forms a labyrinth connection in the form of a small gap of a complex tortuous shape and prevents the penetration of flue gases.

On the guides that form the grooves into which the gate enters, bends are made along the entire length to enhance the rigidity of the structure.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, where

in fig. 1 shows a structural diagram of a device for burning fuel with a closed door,

in fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a device for burning fuel with an open door,

in fig. 3 - view A, gate entry unit into the groove formed by the guides on the side of the combustion chamber,

in fig. 4 - view B, gate entry unit into the groove made by guides on the bump stop,

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a device with an open door.

In an example of a specific implementation, the device for removing flue gases from the multi-turn fuel combustion chamber 1 at the time of opening the door 2 contains a slide valve, which includes a slide gate 3 and a gate positioning unit 3 at the time the door is closed. The area of the plate is necessary and sufficient to cover the straight flue duct. The gate positioning unit 3 includes guides 4, which are rigidly fixed on the side walls 5 of the combustion chamber 1 and on the flue gas baffle 6. The baffle 6 forms a straight chimney duct 7, which is located in front of the combustion chamber 1. These guides 4 form grooves 8 on the side walls 5 and a groove 9 on the bump stop 6. Thus, grooves 8 and groove 9 are made along the perimeter of the entrance to the straight chimney channel and at the level of movement of the gate 3. The width of the groove is chosen empirically depending on the thickness of the gate ... The combustion chamber 1 is equipped with a smoke circulation system 10 and a chimney 11.

The proposed device for removing flue gases from a multi-turn fuel combustion chamber at the moment of opening the door works as follows.

When loading fuel into the combustion chamber 1, open the loading pivot door 2 by turning it around its axis. Since the gate 3 is rigidly connected to the door 2, it moves out of the grooves 8 made on the sides of the chamber! combustion and from the groove 9 on the bump stop 6. Gate 3, like the door 2, makes a pivotal movement around the axis of the door.

In the initial phase of combustion, the likelihood of smoke escaping through an open door is especially high. The reason is the large volume of cold flue gases during the initial period of fuel combustion. The second reason for flue gases to escape through the open door is weak draft due to a cold chimney. When door 2 is open, gate 3 opens the direct chimney duct 7, which is connected to the chimney 11. The draft increases and the flow of flue gases rushes into the straight chimney duct 7, bypassing the channels of the smoke circulation system 10, and then into the chimney 11. After igniting the fuel, close the door 2 . Gate 3 rotates together with door 2. On one side, close to the axis of rotation of door 2, gate 3. enters the groove 8 formed by guides 4 on the side 5 of the combustion chamber. As door 2 closes, the opposite side of gate 3 enters groove 8 formed by guides 4 located on the opposite side 5 of the combustion chamber 1 and then the end part of the gate 3 enters the groove 9 formed on the bumper 6. When the door is closed, the gate 3 completely blocks the flow of combustion products through the direct chimney duct 7 and the flow of combustion products is directed to the smoke circulation system 10 and then goes outside through the chimney 11. Thus, the gate 3 is fixed on three sides in the grooves formed by the guides 4 and is rigidly attached to the door 2.

The gate is fixed and the direct chimney channel is completely closed.

This mechanism prevents gases from entering the room when opening the loading hinged door and creates ease of maintenance. This solution has wide consumer demand and industrial applications.

Claims (2)

1. A device for removing flue gases from the fuel combustion chamber at the time of opening the door, containing a gate valve, including a gate and a gate positioning unit, while the gate installed between the chimney channel and the fuel combustion chamber is a metal plate fixed from the inside of the swing door, perpendicular it or almost perpendicularly and with the ability to rotate with the door, characterized in that the positioning unit is made at the level of the gate and is a groove formed by guides on at least one side along the perimeter of the section of the straight chimney channel. 2. The device according to claim. 1, characterized in that the guides forming the groove are provided with bends, which impart rigidity to the structure.

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