RU2633543C1 - Roller conveying device for orientated planting of beet mother plants - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: device for oriented planting of beet mother plants comprises the receiver, the rolls consisting of two parts - the cylindrical one, having a helical winding of elastic nap, and the smooth conical one, under which there are trap trays fixed on the crankshafts of the planting apparatus. The helical winding has a variable pitch (p_i), and the elevation angle of the helical line (ϕ_i) on the cylindrical part of the rollers is determined by the dependence of the arithmetic progressionϕ_i=ϕ₁(i-1)⋅d, where i is an ordinal term of the arithmetic progression; d -the progression difference pitch; ϕ₁ - the first member of the arithmetic progression (the initial elevation angle of the helical line), deg;

, where K_v - a coefficient depending on the physical and mechanical properties of a transported load, for lumpy ones K_v=0.8…0.9.

EFFECT: invention will increase the reliability of single-piece feeding of conical-shaped root crops regardless of their geometric parameters for their oriented planting.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to a device for feeding root crops for their oriented planting.

Known devices for orienting conical shaped pieces using the difference in the diameters of the head and tail of root crops in mechanisms with stops (AS No. 144241, USSR, BI, 1962, No. 7; AC 244162, USSR, BI, 1969, No. 7; AC 361934 USSR, BI, 1973, No. 2). The stops are placed at the same level with the surface of movement of the parts in such a way that the base of the cone (the root head) is delayed by one of the stops, while the top (the tail of the root root) freely passes under another, opposite stop. Thus, orientation of root crops with the caudal part forward can occur.

The disadvantage of these devices is that these mechanisms can only be applied if the planting material is divided into at least two fractions: small - with a head diameter of up to 75 mm and large - with a head diameter of up to 120 mm.

A device for a landing machine, containing a receiver, rollers with screw winding, rotating in different directions with a peripheral speed directed vertically upwards (USSR AS No. 422372, MKI A01C 11/00. Bull. No. 13, 1974). The device operates as follows. When the root rollers rotate, under the action of gravity applied at the center of gravity, they are oriented with their tails down. Orientation of root crops occurs when the center of gravity of the root crop is at the level of the axes of rotation of the shafts or slightly lower. In a slit of a certain width, orientation of root crops of a certain diameter is possible - more than the width of the slit at the apex, and less than the width of the slit at the tail. The disadvantages of the device: the orientation of root crops is possible provided that the division of planting material into small and large fractions; due to the lack of synchronism in the supply of root crops, the established planting interval is not provided and damage to the heads of root crops takes place.

Of the known, the closest in technical essence is a device for the oriented planting of sugar beet mother liquors (RF patent No. 2299548, IPC АСС 11/02. Bull. No. 15 of 05.27.2007), containing a receiver mounted above the cylindrical part of the rollers, consisting of two parts, cylindrical and conical, which are mounted on the frame and located conical part above the sowing apparatus, containing catch trays with tongues protruding above the rollers. The device operates as follows. From the receiver, the root crops arrive at the cylindrical part of the rollers, where they are dispersed at a certain distance from each other, and then, falling on the conical part of the rollers, they fall into the gap between the rotating rollers with the sharp end, where the catching trays with tongues grab the failed root crop and feed it into the planting funnels apparatus. The disadvantages of the device: root crops are unevenly distributed along the length of the rollers, as a result of which the orientation process acquires a random nature, and root crops are damaged by the existing helical winding.

The present invention is aimed at improving the uniform supply of beet root crops to the planting apparatus without sorting and fractionation; reduced trauma to root crops, which increases productivity; reduction in seed production costs.

The problem is solved in that a roller conveyor for oriented planting of beet mother liquors, containing rollers with screw winding having a variable pitch (p _i ), and a helix angle (ϕ _i ) on the cylindrical part of the rollers, determined by the dependence of arithmetic progression

ϕ _i = ϕ ₁ (i-1) ⋅d,

where i is the ordinal term of arithmetic progression;

d is the step of the difference of progression;

ϕ _i - the first member of the arithmetic progression (initial angle of elevation of the helix), degrees;

,

,

where K _in is a coefficient depending on the physical and mechanical properties of the transported cargo, for bulk K _in = 0.8 ... 0.9, while the screw winding on the cylindrical part of the rollers is made of elastic pile.

The remaining features of the claimed device are private, since they characterize only the specific implementation of a particular node.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a device for an oriented planting of beet mother liquors, and is a side view; b - section AA.

The roller conveying device for oriented planting of beet mother liquors consists of a receiver 1 mounted above the cylindrical part of the rollers 2, while these rollers 2 consist of two parts, a cylindrical one having a screw winding of elastic pile 3 with a variable pitch and a smooth cone under which are located catch trays 4, mounted on the crankshafts of the planting apparatus 5.

The proposed roller conveying device for oriented planting of beet mother liquors works as follows. From the receiver 1, the root crops arrive at the cylindrical part of the rollers 2, where they, due to the variable winding pitch, are dispersed at a certain distance from each other. Moving to the smooth conical part of the rollers 2, they fall into the gap between the rotating rollers 2 with their sharp end, and the catch trays 4, mounted on the crankshafts of the planting apparatus 5, grasp the failed root crop piece by piece and feed it into the planting funnel with the sharp end down.

Thus, the roller transporting device for the oriented planting of beet mother liquors provides a piecewise oriented exit of root crops from funnels to the furrow, which increases yield and improves seed quality.

Claims (7)

Roller transporting device for oriented planting of beet mother liquors, containing a receiver, rollers with screw winding, having a variable pitch, catching trays, planting apparatus, characterized in that the angle of elevation of the helical line (ϕ _i ) on the cylindrical part of the rollers is determined by the dependence of arithmetic progression ϕ _i = ϕ ₁ (i-1) ⋅d, where i is the ordinal term of arithmetic progression; d is the step of the difference of progression; ϕ ₁ - the first member of the arithmetic progression (initial angle of elevation of the helix), degrees;

where K _in is a coefficient depending on the physicomechanical properties of the transported cargo, for large-sized K _in = 0.80, while the screw winding on the cylindrical part of the rollers is made of elastic pile.

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