RU2630045C1 - Revolver with ring-shaped drum - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapon and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: revolver contains a body with a handle, a barrel installed in it, a drum with bullet chambers, a locking device, mechanisms for turning and locking the drum in deployed positions, a cocking mechanism, a recharging device. The drum is ring-shaped, in the form of a disk with a central through hole. The trigger element is located laterally and/or within the hole of the annular axis.

EFFECT: increase compactness and balance of weapons.

6 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to handgun short-barreled weapons, specifically to revolvers with non-cylindrical drums, called by the authors "flat revolvers", mainly of police and civilian forms.

Most revolvers are equipped with classical drums, the axis of rotation and chambers of which are parallel to the axis of the barrel [A. Zhuk. Revolvers and pistols. - M.: Military Publishing House "Lokid", 1992. - 431 p.: Ill. - S. 30-218].

With all the advantages of revolvers, this arrangement leads to the fact that the drum protruding on the sides of the frame of the revolver makes it difficult to carry and remove such weapons. In addition, the classical revolver is characterized by a prolonged reloading, due to the need for the alternate installation of cartridges in the chambers.

Previously, the authors developed and patented revolvers with disk drums, which can be considered as the result of “selection” of revolvers and pistols with a combination of the advantages of both and which laid the foundation for a subclass of “flat revolvers” (according to the terminology of the authors) [RU 2214576, F41С 1 / 00, 25/10, 2003, Bull. No. 29; RU 2293275, F41C 1/00, 25/10, 2007, Bull. No. 4; Pavlov S.N., Semenov A.G. Revolver and gun. An attempt at "selection" // Kalashnikov. - 2007, No. 6. - S. 64-68].

In them, the disk drums have a horizontal transverse axis of rotation located below the axis of the barrel channel, and the chambers are located on the periphery of the drum tangentially to a circle centered on its axis, that is, with a chordal orientation.

However, this technical solution solves the problem of increasing the compactness of short-barreled hand weapons only partially.

Closest to the claimed invention for the purpose and combination of design features (prototype) is a revolver with a disk drum, comprising a body with a handle, a barrel installed in it, a drum with a horizontal transverse axis of a stepwise rotation located below the axis of the barrel channel, with several spaced apart from each other with the same angular pitch and chordally oriented cartridge chambers, locking device, mechanisms for turning and fixing the drum in combat positions with the alignment of any of the chambers the main entrance of the barrel channel and the micro-gap between the cylindrical surface of the drum and the surface of the hemp of the barrel, the trigger mechanism covered by the trigger guard, the trigger element as part of the rotation mechanism of the drum and the trigger mechanism and reloading device [RU 2214576, F41С 1/00, 25 / 10, 2003, Bull. No. 29].

In it, the drum is made disk, the axis of its step-by-step rotation is cylindrical, and the trigger element is located side-to-front of the drum, with the projection of the front of the trigger element (designed as a trigger) on the longitudinal vertical plane of the revolver forward - before the drum is projected onto the specified plane, while the drum and the trigger guard are structurally and functionally independent, with the possibility of placing the index finger on the trigger element (hook) arrow in front of the drum n and the entire working stroke of the trigger element.

At the end of the disk drum there are foresaws (pins, pegs) in an amount equal to the number of chambers, with an equal angular pitch, one opposite the chambers, with the possibility of indirect interaction with the trigger element and simultaneous platoon and subsequent descent of the adjacent war spring (pin, peg) . The trigger element is made in the form of a piece, figuratively cut out of strip material, the front end of which is designed as a trigger (which was emphasized above), and the middle and rear parts of it carry mounted pushers (stops) with a down-back orientation with the formation of a parallel action pattern for each from pushers (stops) to the current end face of the drum and the trigger associated with the mainspring. That is, the trigger element is endowed with the functions of rotating the drum and cocking the trigger directly and is installed in the longitudinal guides in a plane parallel to the plane of the axis of the barrel channel, with the possibility of reciprocating movement due to the impact on the trigger with the arrow of a finger and counteracting the deformed spring and return springs. The trigger includes a coil spring of a spiral type fixed to the side wall of the left side of the case, with the function of shock interaction, after cocking and lowering, with the rear end of the spring-loaded striker with a prick, with the possibility of reciprocating shock movement of the latter. According to the basic version presented in the drawings, the disk drum is made with five chambers for a pistol cartridge of 9 mm caliber (9 mm PM).

However, with all its advantages, such a weapon is still not high enough compact and incomplete to balance, and therefore not enough high tactical, technical, operational characteristics. It should also be noted that the spectrum of variety of models of revolvers is narrowed taking into account the factor of product attractiveness (the latter is applied to export supplies and to the market of civilian, in particular traumatic, weapons).

The task to which the claimed invention is directed is to increase compactness and improve the balance of weapons, and therefore, improve the tactical, technical and operational characteristics thereof.

It also seems appropriate to expand the variety of models of revolvers taking into account the factor of commodity attractiveness (the latter - in relation to export supplies and to the market of civilian, in particular traumatic, weapons).

The solution of this complex problem is achieved by the fact that in a revolver with an annular drum containing a body with a handle, a barrel installed in it, a drum with a horizontal transverse axis of stepwise rotation located below the axis of the barrel channel, with several spaced apart from each other with the same angular pitch and chordally oriented cartridge chambers, locking device, mechanisms for turning and fixing the drum in combat positions with the alignment of any of the chambers to the pool entrance of the barrel channel and the micro-gap between the drum’s surface and the hemp surface of the barrel, the trigger mechanism covered by the trigger guard, the trigger element as part of the rotation mechanism of the drum and the trigger mechanism and reloading device, the drum is ring-shaped, that is, in the form of a disk with a central through hole, its axis is stepwise rotation is also annular, and the trigger element is located on the side and / or inside the hole of the ring axis, with partial alignment of the projections of the trigger element, designed in the form of a trigger ka, and the holes of the annular axis on the longitudinal vertical plane of the revolver, as well as with the structural and functional combination of the drum and the trigger guard in one product and the possibility of placing the arrow pointing on the trigger element of the arrow in the specified hole of the ring axis on the entire working stroke of the trigger element.

The solution of this problem is also achieved due to additional structural features (with the above main set of features):

- the trigger element can be made in the form of a piece shaped from a strip of material with a pressure stop with the function of rotating the drum and installed in the longitudinal guides of the housing in a plane parallel to the plane of the axis of the barrel channel, with the possibility of reciprocating movement due to the impact on the trigger with a finger arrow and counteracting the warp and return springs that are deformed in this S THE shutter member due to the replacement assembly of the four parts of one piece stamped and impart said further bobbin (pins, Kolk) additional function of the trigger transmission lever member to the mainspring);

- at the end of the disk drum can be provided tsavka (pins, pegs) with equal angular increments one at a time between the chambers, with the possibility of interaction with them the pressure stop of the trigger element and the simultaneous platoon and subsequent descent of the adjacent tsevok (pin, peg), using a pusher, combat springs (this symptom "works", like the previous one, especially both in combination to achieve the above reinforced positive technical result);

- a disk drum can be made with five chambers for a pistol cartridge of 9 mm caliber (this, according to the authors, based on experience in the design and use of weapons, is optimal for both military and civil and police weapons, especially in Russia);

- a disk drum can be made with a number of chambers from five to eight, inclusive, for a pistol cartridge with a caliber of less than 9 mm (this expands the range of technical offer within the framework of the general claimed weapon concept, taking into account the specific conditions of use in various sectors of the "market" and the preferences of users, export conditions; a five-shot caliber up to 9 mm outperforms a five-shot 9 mm caliber with greater compactness, which is especially important for hidden carrying and in "ladies'" weapons);

- the disk drum can be made with peripheral samples between the chambers that are part of the reloading device, with the possibility of mounting / dismounting it on the tubular axis of rotation using the fingers of an arrow (the advantage of this option naturally follows from the very wording of this set of features: ease of mounting / dismounting drum and greater gain in overall dimensions).

Among the known devices and methods, no such combination of essential features would coincide with the declared one. At the same time, it is due to the latter that a new technical result is achieved in accordance with the task.

The drawing shows one of the possible examples of constructive implementation of the inventive revolver with a ring-shaped drum - an eight-shot concept for a 9 mm PM cartridge, a diagram of the relative positioning of the main parts of the revolver, where R is the outer radius of the ring-shaped drum; r is the radius of the hole in the annular axis of rotation of the drum; h is the distance between the center of rotation of the drum and the axis of the barrel; δ - micro-gap between the drum (cut chamber) and the stump of the barrel.

A revolver with a ring-shaped drum (an example of an eight-shot 9 mm revolver) comprises a housing 1 (detachable or, as another possible option, integral parts, left and right) with a handle 2. A barrel 3 is fixedly mounted in the housing 1.

Again, in the housing 1, a drum (that is, in the form of a disk with a central through hole) is removably mounted on an annular (annular, annular) transverse (perpendicular to the axis of the barrel 3) horizontal axis 4 with an inner radius r, an annular (annular, annular, that is, in the form of a disk with a central through hole) magazine of revolving type) 5 with an outer radius R of the cylindrical surface (that is, a distance from the axis of rotation of the drum 4 to its generatrix) and an inner radius for a sliding fit on the outer surface of the axis 4. Thus, the annular drum 5 has a horizontal pivot axis transverse step (rotation) disposed below the axis of the bore 3 by an amount h. The drum 5 is made with several (in the drawing - eight) spaced apart with the same angular pitch of 360/8 ° and chordally oriented cartridge (for revolving / pistol cartridges, in this example 9 mm PM) cameras 6, with the possibility of manually equipping them with cartridges and manual extraction (forced removal) of spent cartridges (the cartridges themselves and their location in the chambers 6 are indicated by a dotted line).

In addition, there are: a locking device; the mechanisms of rotation and fixation of the drum in combat positions with the alignment of any of the chambers 6 (in the upper horizontal “combat” position) to the pool entrance of the barrel channel 3 and the micro-gap δ between the cylindrical surface of the drum 5 and the hemp surface 7 of the barrel 3 (micro-gap δ is part of the locking device ); trigger mechanism (trigger), covered by a trigger guard (about the bracket, see the next paragraph); trigger element 8 with a front (lower) part, designed in the form of a trigger 9, as part of the rotation mechanism of the drum 5 and the trigger and the recharging device.

The trigger element 8 is located on the side and / or within the opening of the annular axis 4, with a combination of the projections of the front of the trigger element 8, designed in the form of a trigger 9, and the hole of the annular axis 4 on the longitudinal vertical plane of the revolver. Depending on the design and layout of the trigger, element 8 is either zigzag in horizontal section (the trigger 9 is located inside the hole of the axis 4, and hence the drum 5, and its continuation (thrust) is on the side of the hole of the axis 4, and hence the drum 5, or partially (one side) is located inside the hole of the axis 4, and partially on the side.

In this case, there is a constructive and functional combination of the drum 5 and the trigger guard in the same product (respectively, the bracket also acts under position 5) and it is possible to place the index finger of the brush arrow acting on the trigger element 8 (more precisely, the trigger 9) in the specified hole axis 4 on the entire working stroke of the trigger element 8.

A further description of the device applies only to private (additional) design features.

The trigger element 8 can be made in the form of a piece (8) shapedly cut from strip material with a pressure stop (not shown) with the function of rotating the drum 5 and installed in the longitudinal guides of the housing 1 (not shown) in a plane parallel to the plane of the axis of the bore 3, with the possibility of reciprocating movement due to the impact on the trigger 9 with the arrow of a finger (shown by the left arrow) and the counteraction of the trigger and return spring of the trigger (not shown, the combat is to the left of drum 5, behind the pusher 10).

At the end of the drum 5, the fore-end (pins, pegs) 11 included in the rotation and fixing mechanism of the drum 5 are provided with equal angular pitch (equal to the step of the chambers 6), one between the chambers 6, with the possibility of interaction with the pressure stop of the trigger element 8 and simultaneous platoon and the subsequent descent of the adjacent forearm (pin, prick) 11 of the mainspring.

The drawing shows an example of "heavy" - with eight cartridges of 9 mm caliber. Drum 5 is recommended to be performed, as a rule, with five chambers for a 9 mm pistol cartridge, or from five to eight cartridges inclusive for a pistol cartridge with a caliber of less than 9 mm.

The drum 5 can be made with peripheral samples 12 included in the reloading device 12 between the chambers 6, with the possibility of its mounting / dismantling of the axis 4 of the step-by-step rotation (rotation) by means of the fingers of the arrow.

Some of the components of the revolver, in particular the said combat spring, can be located in the cavity of the handle 2 located behind the drum 5 somewhat lower than it (see drawing).

Other constructs are possible within the framework of the claimed combination of the main essential features (see the claims).

In particular, using electric ignition, in which the device will be greatly simplified.

The inventive device works (use a revolver) as follows.

The drum is equipped with cartridges separately from the revolver. Either by a shooter (user) independently, or in a specialized organization (at a weapon manufacturing plant or in an arms workshop). The process can be partially or fully automated. Possible exchange of "empty" drums 5 on equipped. That is, a certain analogy with various cartridges, which have become widespread in modern organizational (for example, printers) and other equipment.

Install (if not previously installed) the drum 5 on the axis 4, simultaneously checking (if time allows) the state of the internal components of the weapon and, if necessary, having previously carried out operational routine maintenance (cleaning, lubrication).

For firing a shot (with self-cocking), taking 2 revolvers in the right (left-handed - left) hand by the handle and getting ready to fire according to the Rules for using weapons in a specific situation, they aim (for example, combining a front sight not shown in the drawing with a rear sight slot), enter the index finger in the hole of the axis 4 (and, therefore, the drum 5) in front of the trigger 9 and put it on the hook 9, after which the trigger is released by pressing on the amount of stroke necessary and sufficient for the shot (within the specified hole).

It is the location of the index finger on the trigger inside the bore of the axis 4 that is a characteristic (essential) feature of the inventive weapon system of the revolver type. Axis 4 with drum 5 act as the trigger guard of the revolver, protecting against accidental (unauthorized) lowering of the hook 9 by the surrounding physical bodies.

When you press a finger on the hook 9, the full cycle of the mechanism of rotation of the drum 5 and the trigger occurs:

- the trigger element 8 moves progressively along the longitudinal guides (in the drawing - to the left);

- the pressure stop by force acting on the closest pin (pin, peg) 11 (the moment of force relative to the axis 4 of the drum 5) rotates the drum 5 (in the drawing - counterclockwise);

- while the drum retainer 5, if present (not shown), is automatically disabled;

- at the same time, the return and mainspring are cocked as part of the trigger (not shown);

- when the drum 5 is rotated within one angular step (in this example, the eighth of the circumference), the pushed pin (pin, peg) 11 takes the place no further than the adjacent, “running ahead” pin (pin, pin) 11 and to the stump 7 of the barrel 3 , the “next behind” chamber 6 with a cartridge comes to the combat position;

- fixing the drum 5 in the achieved combat angular position (with a permissible small angular deviation in both directions ("positional play") is provided automatically either by a spring "step" lock, or by the nose of the bullet of the cartridge, spring "pecking" into the bullet hole of the barrel 3;

- “ahead of the next” pin (pin, peg) 11, with the overlap of time, performing its additional function - squeezed and continues to compress the mainspring;

- due to synchronization and verified kinematics of the involved links, with the indicated achievement by camora 6 of its combat position, the mainspring breaks from “its” pin 11 and vigorously hits the striker, dragging the striker with a prick (nose of the striker) towards the bottom of the cartridge case in chamber 6;

- a shot occurs;

- the recoil force when firing is directed back at the level of the handle and is perceived by the axis 4 of the drum 5 (and then to the body 1 with the handle 2 and then to the hand of the arrow, covering the handle 2) with practically zero or close to zero shoulder due to the radial layout and, therefore, the drum 5 does not experience a “tipping” moment (along the way, this eliminates the fundamental possibility of tearing the drum 5 off the clips and increases the power of the shot);

- with the removal of the load of the finger on the hook 9, the compressed end of the return spring returns the trigger element 8 with the hook 9 to its original position along the guides;

and so on, with the device automatically returning to the ready-to-shoot position.

In the case of misfire, immediately produce, without any intermediate operations, the next shot. In this case, the use of the same cartridge, of course, is excluded.

To use up ammunition (in the example - eight rounds in drum 5) reload weapons

A number of the mentioned and unmentioned components of the revolver does not need a more detailed description of the device and operation, because, firstly, it is not necessary for understanding the essence of the claimed invention, and secondly, it has been worked out in numerous analogues and does not present a problem for specialists in this field technicians.

The use of the claimed invention (revolver device) allows to increase compactness and improve the balance of weapons, and therefore, to improve its tactical, operational and operational characteristics, as well as expand the variety of models of revolvers taking into account the factor of commodity attractiveness (the latter is applied to export deliveries and to the civilian market, in particular traumatic, weapons).

The revolver is recommended for reasonably limited production and use, in order to expand the range of hand-held short-barreled firearms.

Claims (6)

1. A revolver with a ring-shaped drum, comprising a housing with a handle, a barrel mounted therein, a drum with a horizontal transverse axis of a stepwise rotation located below the axis of the barrel channel, with several spaced apart chambers with the same angular pitch and chordally oriented chambers, a locking device, mechanisms of rotation and fixation of the drum in combat positions with the alignment of any of the chambers to the pool entrance of the barrel channel and the micro-clearance between the cylindrical surface of the drum and the hemp surface a, the trigger mechanism covered by the trigger guard, the trigger element as part of the rotation mechanism of the drum and the trigger mechanism and reloading device, characterized in that the drum is ring-shaped, that is, in the form of a disk with a central through hole, the axis of its step-by-step rotation is also ring-shaped, and the trigger element is located on the side and / or inside the hole of the ring-shaped axis, with a combination of the projections of the front of the trigger element, designed as a trigger, and the hole of the ring-shaped axis on p the native vertical plane of the revolver, as well as with the constructive and functional combination of the drum and the trigger guard in one product and the ability to place the arrow pointing on the trigger element of the arrow in the specified hole of the ring-shaped axis throughout the entire working stroke of the trigger element. 2. The revolver according to claim 1, characterized in that the trigger element is made in the form of a part figuratively cut out of strip material with a pressure stop with the function of rotating the drum and installed in the longitudinal guides of the housing in a plane parallel to the plane of the axis of the barrel channel, with the possibility of reciprocating movements due to the impact on the trigger with a finger of the hand of a shooter and the counteraction of the war spring of the trigger mechanism, which is deformed at the same time. 3. The revolver according to claim 1, characterized in that at the end of the annular drum there are provided for the fore-end rotation mechanism and fixation mechanism of the forearm drum with equal angular increments one by one between the chambers, with the possibility of interaction with the pressure stop of the trigger element and simultaneous platoon and subsequent descent adjacent forearm, by means of a pusher, a combat spring. 4. The revolver according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular drum is made with five chambers for a 9 mm pistol cartridge. 5. The revolver according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular drum is made with a number of chambers from five to eight inclusively under a pistol cartridge with a caliber of less than 9 mm. 6. The revolver according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular drum is made with peripheral samples between the chambers included in the reloading device, with the possibility of its mounting / dismounting on the annular axis of rotation by fingers of the arrow.

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