RU2618099C2 - Method for obtaining integrated organomineral fertiliser - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: pigs litter manure, or cattle manure, or poultry droppings are fed on the first vortex layer device with mobile ferromagnetic particles at the magnetic induction magnitude of 0.13÷0.25 Tl. Phosphogypsum is introduced simultaneously. The processing time is around 30÷120 s. After that, the resulting mixture is directed on the second vortex layer device, where ground limestone and (or) dolomite is introduced simultaneously. The processing time is around 30÷120 s. After that, the organomineral fertiliser is dried up to the humidity of 20÷22%.

EFFECT: obtaining a fertiliser completely disinfected from pathogenic microorganisms without the use of chemical treatments.

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Description

The invention relates to the production of complex organic-mineral fertilizers and can be used in agriculture to enrich the soil with organic and mineral substances, as well as to restore the fertility of degraded lands.

A known method (2004109529, C05F 3/0, 09/27/2005) for producing fertilizer, including grinding, mixing peat, manure and bird droppings. Cattle manure and bird droppings are mixed and subjected to natural composting at normal temperature for at least six months, a part of the peat component is added to the resulting mixture, mixed and subjected to grinding on a screw device, then the remaining part of the peat component is added, the mixture is mixed until homogeneous mass and re-crushed, while peat component is used as peat, which is a mixture of high and (or) transitional, and (or) lowland FEV, which had previously been subjected to aeration and pulverized to a maximum size of peat particles within not more than 0.1 ÷ 0.15 mm, and the finished fertilizer comprises at least 30 wt. including manure and dry bird droppings. When preparing the peat component, it is mixed with mineral components and (or) microelements, limestone and (or) dolomite flour, superphosphate simple or double, ammonium nitrate are used as mineral components, copper vitriol, zinc sulfate, borax or boric sulfate are used as microelements acid, ammonium sulfate, molybdenum acid ammonium, manganese sulfate, ammonium citric iron.

The disadvantage of this method is the use of composting to disinfect manure. The proposed method does not allow even with a longer aging period (more than nine months) to remove helminth eggs from manure; requires long periods of aging manure.

The closest analogue is the method (2093498, C05F 3/00, C05G 1/00, 10.20.1997) for obtaining complex organo-mineral fertilizers, including treating bird droppings, for example, chicken or animal manure, for example, pig, with aqueous formaldehyde at the rate of 0.001 ÷ 0.03 wt. D. formaldehyde per 1 wt. D. litter or manure, then ammonia water at the rate of 40% ammonia by weight of loaded formaldehyde and mixing with waste at the rate of 1 wt. d. litter or manure with 0.01 ÷ 0.06 wt. D. pyrite cinder and (or) 0.1 ÷ 1.0 wt. D. lignin or bark or 0.1 ÷ 0.5 wt. D. peat, or wood sawdust, or gypsum, or phosphogypsum and (or) 0.05 ÷ 0.1 wt. D. mineral fertilizers, for example, phosphate rock and (or) potassium chloride.

The disadvantage of this method is the use of chemical disinfection methods, in particular ammonia water and formaldehyde; the application of the resulting fertilizer to the soil can cause it to be contaminated with chemicals, which affects the quality of groundwater, agricultural plants, and natural soil biocenoses.

The invention is aimed at eliminating chemical disinfection methods from the technological process for obtaining complex organic-mineral fertilizers, thereby improving the quality characteristics of complex organic-mineral fertilizers; to simplify the process while maintaining important trace elements in the required proportions; to achieve a complete disinfecting effect due to the use of the vortex layer apparatus with moving ferromagnetic particles, which allows to create a complete disinfecting effect when creating optimal conditions.

This object is achieved by the fact that in the method for producing complex organo-mineral fertilizers, two-stage processing in the vortex layer apparatus with moving ferromagnetic particles is used, which allows not only to exclude from the process of obtaining complex organo-mineral fertilizer the stage of mixing manure with phosphogypsum and lime and (or) dolomite flour, but also achieve a complete disinfecting effect. According to the proposed technical solution, litter of pigs or manure from cattle or bird droppings is fed to the first apparatus of the vortex layer with moving ferromagnetic particles (with a magnetic induction of 0.13 ÷ 0.25 T), the processing time will be 30 ÷ 120 s, where phosphogypsum will be dosed at the same time. After this, the resulting mixture is sent to the second apparatus of the vortex layer with moving ferromagnetic particles (with a magnetic induction of 0.13 ÷ 0.25 T), the processing time will be 30 ÷ 120 s, where lime or dolomite flour will be dosed at the same time. After that, litter of pigs or manure from cattle, or bird droppings, mixed with phosphogypsum and lime and (or) dolomite flour, is dried to a moisture content of 20 ÷ 22%.

The technical result is achieved through the use of a vortex layer apparatus with moving ferromagnetic particles in a method for producing organic-mineral fertilizer. Ferromagnetic particles, under the influence of an electromagnetic field, intensively mix litter of pigs and cattle manure or bird droppings and phosphogypsum and lime flour and (or) dolomite flour entering the reaction zone. Studies have shown that the use of devices of a vortex layer with moving ferromagnetic particles contributes to disinfection, which simplifies the process of obtaining organo-mineral fertilizers (Logvinenko D.D. Intensification of technological processes in devices with a vortex layer / D.D. Logvinenko, O.P. Shelyakov. - M.: Technique, 1976; Adoshev A. Ferromagnetic apparatus for the treatment of liquid manure // Rural machine operator. - 2007. - No. 6).

The technology for producing organic-mineral fertilizer includes the stages of grinding and two-stage processing in the devices of the vortex layer with moving ferromagnetic particles, followed by drying of the fertilizer to a moisture content of 20 ÷ 22%. Litter of pigs or manure from cattle, or bird droppings with the help of a grinder pump is fed to the first device of the vortex layer with moving ferromagnetic particles with induction of 0.13 ÷ 0.25 T for 30 ÷ 120 s, where phosphogypsum will be dosed at the same time in the amount of 1 wt. d. manure or litter 0.3 ÷ 0.4 wt. D. phosphogypsum. At this stage of processing, the primary disinfection of litter of pigs or manure from cattle or bird droppings takes place. After that, the mixture of manure or litter with phosphogypsum is fed to the second device of the vortex layer with moving ferromagnetic particles with induction of 0.13 ÷ 0.25 T for 30 ÷ 120 s, where lime and (or) dolomite flour is simultaneously introduced in an amount of 1 wt. . d manure or litter 0.4 ÷ 0.6 wt. D. lime and (or) dolomite flour. At the second stage of processing, the manure or litter is completely disinfected, after which the organo-mineral fertilizer is dried to a moisture content of 20 ÷ 22%.

for example

1. Get organo-mineral fertilizer from litter of pigs infected with helminth eggs.

According to the proposed method, the crushed litter of pigs is fed to the vortex layer apparatus with moving ferromagnetic particles with induction of 0.13 T, where phosphogypsum is simultaneously introduced in an amount of 1 wt. D. litter manure of pigs 0.4 wt. D. phosphogypsum. Here the primary disinfection takes place. On the second apparatus of the vortex layer with moving ferromagnetic particles with induction of 0.17 T per 1 wt. D. litter manure is applied 0.5 wt. D. lime and (or) dolomite flour. Organic and mineral fertilizer completely disinfected from pathogenic microorganisms is dried to a moisture content of 20% (see table).

2. Get organic-mineral fertilizer from litter of pigs infected with helminth eggs.

According to the proposed method, the crushed litter of pigs is fed to the vortex layer apparatus with moving ferromagnetic particles with induction of 0.25 T, where phosphogypsum is simultaneously introduced in an amount of 1 wt. D. litter manure of pigs 0.3 wt. D. phosphogypsum. Here the primary disinfection takes place. On the second apparatus of the vortex layer with moving ferromagnetic particles with induction of 0.20 T per 1 wt. D. litter manure is applied 0.6 wt. D. lime and (or) dolomite flour. Organic and mineral fertilizers completely disinfected from pathogenic microorganisms are dried to a moisture content of 20% (see table).

Claims (1)

A method of obtaining a complex organic-mineral fertilizer, characterized in that the litter of pigs or manure from cattle or bird droppings is crushed and then processed in a two-stage process in devices of a vortex layer with moving ferromagnetic particles with an induction of 0.13 ÷ 0.25 T for 30 ÷ 120 s, respectively, phosphogypsum is introduced in the first stage, lime and (or) dolomite flour is fed in the second stage, and then dried to a moisture content of 20 ÷ 22%.