RU2693889C1 - Method for reclamation of saline lands - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular, to reclamation. Method involves embedding seeds in pre-cut furrow plows padded to depth, sown with a mixture of sand and humus. Annual plowing of section is carried out with increase in plowing depth from 13–15 to 22–25 cm and change of direction of sowing, at that cutting of furrows, seeds sowing and backfilling is performed in one pass of unit.EFFECT: method provides prevention of soil crust formation to improve soil structure.1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture.

The aim of the proposed invention is to ensure the emergence of seedlings from the first year of development by preventing the formation of soil crust in the seeding zone, as well as a radical improvement in the physical properties of heavy soils.

The “Method of tillage when sowing seeds in solonetz” (AS 1449044 А01В79 / 02) is known. In order to increase crop yields by preventing the formation of a crust in the sowing zone, when planting seeds, part of the soil of the humus horizon is moved in the upper layer above the sowing zone, and the soil from the illuvial horizon is placed in between the rows.

This method has several disadvantages:

- technologically and technically complex and time consuming;

- if in the first year it is real, then in subsequent years it is ineffective, since in the second year of processing the humus and illuvial horizons mix and it is practically impossible to separate them;

- the soil structure does not improve, therefore, the physical properties of the soil do not improve;

- it is doubtful the prevention of the formation of a soil crust above the “humus” horizon.

The objective of the proposed invention is to obtain guaranteed seedlings by preventing soil crust in the area of sowing seeds and improving soil structure by gradually and qualitatively mixing ameliorant (sand or a mixture of sand and humus) with soil without capital measures.

FIG. 1 shows the profile of solonetz-saline soil to the depth of the arable horizon 1 with the usual sowing of seeds 2;

FIG. 2 - the same, with soil crust 3 in the period of seed germination;

FIG. 3 - profile of solonetz-solonchak soil to a depth of plowing 1 with chopped small grooves 4, which are covered with sand or sand mixture with humus 5;

FIG. 4 - the same during the germination of seeds;

FIG. 5 - shows the sequence of operations: cutting small furrows by furrowing 6; sowing of seeds (seed tube 7) and backfilling with sand (vibro-trunk 8).

A new result is achieved in that in the sowing zone of seed 2 small grooves 4 are cut to the depth of sowing, while the soil is moved between the rows, giving a slight slope towards the furrows (i), in which seeds are sown and are filled with sand or sand with humus 5. The process is repeated for several (3-5) years, annually changing the direction of sowing. At the same time, cutting of small furrows, sowing of seeds and backfilling with sand or a mixture of sand and humus are performed in one pass of the unit.

Presowing treatment is carried out according to the following scheme:

- the first year of development - three-time cutting with heavy harrows to a depth of 10 cm;

- 2nd year - plowing to a depth of 13-15 cm, followed by cutting with heavy harrows;

- 3rd year - plowing to a depth of 15-18 cm;

- 4th year - plowing to a depth of 18-22 cm;

- 5th year - plowing to a depth of 22-25 cm.

As a result of the annual treatment, sand or a mixture of sand with humus mixes with salt marsh, the content of sand particles in the soil increases, and thus, there is a further improvement in the physical properties of the soils, which are gradually transformed into medium and light loamy, therefore, the formation of a soil crust after irrigation and precipitation.

This method makes it possible to master and obtain guaranteed yields on lands with solonet-solonchak soils without capital measures for land reclamation.

Claims (1)

The method of reclamation of salt flats, including seed embedding, characterized in that the embedding of seeds is carried out in the grooves cut in advance to the depth of sowing, covered with a mixture of sand and humus, and the area is plowed every year with an increase in the plow depth from 13-15 to 22-25 cm and a change in direction sowing, while cutting the grooves, sowing seeds and filling is carried out in one pass of the unit.

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