RU2688798C1 - Machine for replacement of burnt anodes of aluminum electrolytic cell - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to machines for process maintenance of aluminum electrolysis cells. Machine for replacement of burnt anodes of aluminum electrolytic cell comprises self-propelled wheeled truck, installed on it motor installation, cabin and rotary manipulator with grip and wrench for untwisting of anode fasteners, wherein it is equipped with table for transportation of anodes, manipulator with hydraulic hammer for punching of electrolyte crust and manipulator with scraper for cleaning pockets, wherein rotary manipulator with grip and wrench for untwisting of anode fasteners, table for transportation of anodes, manipulator with hydraulic hammer for punching of electrolyte crust and manipulator with scraper for cleaning of pocket are located in front part of self-propelled wheeled truck along its longitudinal axis, and cabin and motor plant are arranged in one row along self-propelled wheeled truck rear board.

EFFECT: creation of a universal self-propelled machine having minimum overall dimensions for better controllability, performing the maximum number of operations when replacing an anode which is convenient for safe access to the cabin during operation, with good view from the workplace during operation and convenient for servicing the motor installation and space under the cabin.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to non-ferrous metallurgy, in particular to machines for the technological maintenance of electrolyzers for producing aluminum.

The technological process of processing electrolyzers provides for periodic replacement of the anodes. In aluminum factories, anode replacement is made either with the help of a workshop crane and several self-propelled machines for cutting out the anode and cleaning the pockets, or using self-propelled multifunctional machines to replace the anodes.

The disadvantages of using a workshop crane include the need to use manual labor, as well as the considerable energy intensity of the process due to the use of a large crane mass and distracting the crane from performing technological operations, besides a crane for replacing anodes, several types of special machines are required for cutting before lifting from the pocket of the used anode , and also for cleaning of a pocket from the remains of the used anode (deposits).

Known similar to the technical nature of the machine for replacing the anodes of an aluminum electrolysis cell. Thus, an anode replacement machine is known (Hencon product site: http://www.hencon.com/products/potroom/anode-changing/anode-changing-vehicle/. The analog contains a self-propelled four-wheeled cart installed in the back of the cart, motor installation, in the front part on the trolley there is a manipulator with a gripper for replacing the anodes. Access to the cab is done from the side of the trolley. The main disadvantage of the known machine is the minimum number of operations that the machine performs when replacing the anode, an additional machine is required for cutting the anode, cleaning pockets, machine for bringing new and transporting used anodes.

Known machine for the permutation of baked anodes (USSR Copyright Certificate 685724 from 05.22.73 g). The analogue contains a self-propelled wheeled cart, cab, drive motor, a manipulator with a gripper and a key for replacing the anodes is mounted on the trolley. The main disadvantage of the known machine is the minimum number of operations that the machine performs when replacing the anode, which additionally requires a machine for cutting the anode, a machine for cleaning the pockets and a machine for bringing new ones and transporting the used anodes.

Known machine for the replacement of anodes (brochure company TESMO. Machine replacement anodes) (it is also listed on the website of the company TESMO http://www.techmo.com/en/electrolysis-reduction/anode-changers/257). The analogue contains a self-propelled wheeled cart, a cabin installed in the middle part of the cart, located next to the cab in one row with it, along the longitudinal axis of the machine motor installation, on the sides of the cab on the cart, along the longitudinal axis are a manipulator with a gripper and a key for replacing the anodes, manipulator with a hydraulic hammer for gouging the anode, a manipulator with a clamshell for cleaning the pockets and loading the sediment into the container, a table for transporting containers with a pellet from the pockets. Access to the cab is made from the side of the cart. The main disadvantage of the known machine is not the full number of operations that the machine performs when replacing the anode, additionally a machine is required for bringing new and transporting used anodes, besides, due to the sequential arrangement of the cabin and the engine along the self-propelled cart, the machine is due to the increased dimensions has an increased turning radius, which adversely affects handling in close passages of electrolysis buildings.

Known machine for processing electrolyzers (brochure of the company HMR). The analogue contains a self-propelled wheeled cart, a cabin installed in the front part of the cart, a motor unit in the rear part, and technological equipment is located in the middle part. Access to the cab is made from the side of the cart. For maintenance of the podcabin space, the cabin is folded forward. The main disadvantage of the known machine is the difficulty of servicing the podcabin space, since there is no access from one side of the podcabin space to the machine units, which is blocked by the cabin pushed forward, and lateral access to the cab inconvenience the operator when working at the electrolyzer, since from the cabin due to the danger of getting into the electrolyzer located nearby, and due to the sequential arrangement of the cabin and the engine along the self-propelled car, has a larger turning radius, which adversely affects handling in close passages of electrolysis buildings.

The closest to the proposed machine is the replacement machine for the anodes of the aluminum electrolysis cell (advertising booklet of the GLAMA company. The replacement machine for the anodes). The analogue contains a self-propelled four-wheeled cart installed in the middle part of the cart cab, in the rear part behind the cab motor installation, in front of the car in front of the cab and under the cab on the trolley are arranged in one row a manipulator for replacing the anodes with a grip and a key, a manipulator for gouging the anode with hydraulic hammer, paddle cleaner with scraper. Access to the cab is made from the side of the cart. The main disadvantages of the known machine is the incomplete number of operations that the machine performs when replacing the anode, additionally a machine is required for bringing new and transporting used anodes, besides, due to the sequential arrangement of the cabin and the engine in one row along the self-propelled cart, the machine due to the increased dimensions it has an increased turning radius in length, which adversely affects handling in close passages of electrolysis buildings.

The technical result of the invention is to create a universal self-propelled machine, having minimum dimensions for length for better handling, performing the maximum number of operations when replacing the anode, convenient for safe access to the cab during operation, with good visibility from the workplace during operation and convenient for maintenance of the engine installation and subcabin space.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the car for replacing the baked anodes of an aluminum electrolysis cell containing a self-propelled wheeled cart, a motor unit, a cabin and a rotary manipulator with a gripper and a key for loosening the anode fastener are installed, it is equipped with a table for transportation anodes, a manipulator with a hydraulic hammer for punching the electrolyte crust and a manipulator with a scraper for cleaning the pocket, while a rotary manipulator with a grip and a key for unscrewing the anode fasteners The anode transportation table, the hydraulic manipulator for punching the electrolyte crust and the manipulator with a scraper for cleaning the pocket are located in the front part of the self-propelled wheeled cart along its longitudinal axis, and the cab and the engine unit are located in one row along the rear side of the self-propelled wheeled cart.

The invention is complemented by private distinctive features that contribute to the achievement of the task.

The cabin is designed with the possibility of tilting away from the engine installation and providing access to the cabin from the back of the machine.

The technical solution is illustrated by drawings, where:

FIG. 1 shows a general view of the machine with the manipulators in the transport position and the anode loaded on the table.

FIG. 2 shows a general view of the machine with the manipulators and the anode removed from the table in the working (extended) position.

FIG. 3 shows a general view of the car in the back. Cabin in working position for work.

FIG. 4 shows a general view of the car in the back. Cabin in reclined position for maintenance of the cabin area.

List of structural elements:

Self-propelled trolley 1;

Wheels of self-propelled carts 2;

Rotary manipulator for replacing anodes 3 with a grip 4 and a key 5;

Table 6 for the transport of anodes with the anode 7;

Retractable arm 8 with hydraulic hammer 9;

Sliding arm 10 with a scraper 11;

Operator's cabin 12;

Door access to the cabin 13;

Engine installation 14;

Cylinder lifting cab 15;

Hydraulic pump 16.

The anode replacement machine is designed to prepare the working space for the installation of the sintered anode (“pockets”) and to transport and replace the sintered anodes on aluminum production electrolyzers.

The claimed invention includes a self-propelled trolley 1 with wheels 2. On the trolley 1 in one row along the tailgate, an operator's cab 12 and a motor unit 14 are installed. The processing equipment is installed in the front part of the self-propelled carriage 1 in front of the cab 12 and the motor unit 14. Technological equipment consists of a retractable rotary manipulator for replacing anodes 3 with a gripper 4 and a key 5, a table 6 for transporting one or two anodes 7, a sliding manipulator 8 with a hydraulic hammer 9 for punching a crust, a sliding manipulator 10 with a sk child 11 for cleaning pots. The operator’s access to the cab is provided from the rear of the machine through the door 13. For servicing the podcabine space and the motor unit 14, the cab 12 has the ability to recline to the side with a hydraulic cylinder 15 driven by a hydraulic pump 16, for example, a manual one.

The machine performs the following operations:

Transportation on a special table 6, from the storage location to the electrolyzer, burned anodes 7 for their replacement and transportation of the spent anodes on the table 6, to the storage location. Punching of the electrolyte crust before lifting the replaceable anode with the manipulator 8 with a hydraulic hammer 9. Collection and pulling up of sediment, pieces of electrolyte peel and anode residues from a pocket (pocket cleaning) with a manipulator 10 equipped with a scraper 11 with a scraper. Replacing the spent anode with a new one, rotary manipulator 3 with a key (wrench) 5 and with a grip 4 anode rods, performing for this — unscrewing the lock rod of the spent anode, lifting the anode from the pocket, setting the car on the table 6, taking the anode 7 from the table 6 machine and installation of the anode 7 in the electrolyzer after cleaning the pocket, fixing the anode frame lock with a key (wrench) 5 (fixing the anode on the electrolyzer).

The machine works as follows.

The machine delivers 6 two anodes 7 from storage locations on the table, having captured one of the two 6 anodes 7 delivered on the table, unloads it in the passage of the cell body in the immediate vicinity of the place of replacement of the anodes (frees up space for the used anode).

In the electrolyzer, the manipulator 8 with a hydraulic hammer 9 maximizes the crust around the spent anode.

Turning and pushing the anode replacement manipulator 3 seizes the anode rod with the grip 4 and unscrews the anode fasteners to the anode frame with the key 5 of the manipulator. After that, lifts the used anode with the manipulator 3 and sets it on the table 6.

The manipulator 10 with the scraper 11 cleans the pocket, removing the remains of the anode to the outer rim of the electrolyzer. If necessary, the manipulator 8 with hydraulic hammer 9 produces additional poddalblivanie pockets and the destruction of large pieces.

After cleaning the pocket, by gripping 4 anode replacement manipulator 3, a new anode 7 is grabbed on the table 6, sets it in the pocket on the electrolyzer and clamps anode fixture to the anode frame with key 5.

Repeats the operation with the second anode.

After loading on the table, two used anodes transports them on the table to the storage place, where it unloads the manipulator 3 with the capture 4 anodes 7 for storage.

For maintenance of the machine, to provide convenient access to the engine installation 14 from the cab and into the cabin room, cab 12 is tilted by a hydraulic cylinder 15, which is driven from the hydraulic pump 16, leaning to the side of the machine, cab 12 frees up space on the engine side. In the folded down position of the cab (Fig. 4), convenient access to the engine installation 14 and to the cabin compartment is provided. After completion of the maintenance of the engine and components of the engine installation 14 cab 12 is installed in the operating position (Fig. 3).

Positive results of the proposed technical solutions.

The design of a universal multi-purpose self-propelled machine for replacing anodes in comparison with analogues:

- due to performing a large number of operations when replacing the anodes, it is more economically advantageous, since it does not require additional machines involved in the operations of replacing the anodes;

- due to the cabin tilted to the side, it provides convenient and safe access to the cabin compartment during the maintenance of the engine installation and the cabin compartment, which is convenient, safe and reduces the time for maintenance;

- due to access to the cab from the back of the machine, provides convenient and safe operator access to the cab during operation;

- due to the location of the cabin on the part of the work of technological equipment, it provides good visibility to the operator of all working areas when performing operations performed when replacing the anode;

- at the expense of located in one row along the tailgate of the machine of the motor unit and the cabin has minimal dimensions along the length, which provides a smaller turning radius and better controllability in close passages of electrolysis buildings.

Positive results are confirmed by production tests carried out in the electrolysis chambers of an aluminum plant, carried out according to the claims of an experimental-industrial model of an anode replacement machine.

Claims (3)

1. Machine for replacing baked anodes of an aluminum electrolysis cell, containing a self-propelled wheeled cart, a motor unit installed on it, a cabin and a rotary manipulator with a gripper and a key for unscrewing the anode fastener, characterized in that it is equipped with a table for the transportation of anodes, a manipulator with a hydraulic hammer for punching electrolyte peels and a manipulator with a scraper for cleaning the pockets, while the rotary manipulator with a grip and a key for loosening the anode fasteners, an anode transportation table, a manipulator with a hydraulic hammer for I punching the electrolyte crust and a manipulator with a scraper for cleaning the pockets are located in the front of the self-propelled wheeled cart along its longitudinal axis, and the cab and the motor unit are located in one row along the rear side of the self-propelled wheeled cart. 2. The machine under item 1, characterized in that the cabin is made with the possibility of tilting away from the engine installation. 3. The machine under item 1, characterized in that the cabin is made with access from the rear of the machine.

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