RU2670165C1 - Method of feed crops growing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular, to feedstuff production. Method includes sowing a legume component in a narrow-row manner, forming wide-row spacing and stimulating the seed sown in them. Clover is sown under a cover of oats in a continuous narrow-row manner. Next year after harvesting the clover for soiling food, wide-row spacings are formed, in which seeds of amaranth are sown for the third year of the life of the clover, enveloping them with a mixture of amaranth flour, saturated with a 0.2 % aqueous solution of the Nikfan biopreparation in the ratio 1:2:1.

EFFECT: invention allows to expand crops of feed crops with increase in productivity and qualitative indicators.

1 cl, 1 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to feed production and may find application in the cultivation of fodder crops in the crop rotation system.

A known method is when in spring they carry out strip sowing in mechanically destroyed turf in alternating rows with different lengths of strips (patent No. 2388205. Published May 10, 2010. - Bull. No. 13. IPC А01С 7/00).

A disadvantage of the known solution is the reduction in fodder mass per year of sowing, legumes, and after the first mowing winter cereals are sown in the destroyed turf and the next year crops are used for fodder purposes (patent No. 2629785, published 04.09.2017. - Bull. No. 25, IPC А01В 79/02, А01С 7/00, А01С 1/00)

However, in the known technical solution, there are enough agricultural methods for tillage and subsequent operations to obtain feed. The closest technical solution is the method in which different types of legumes (clover and alfalfa) are placed. First, clover is sown, and after receiving seeds the next year, row-spacings are formed, in which alfalfa is sown, mixing the seeds before sowing with growth stimulants (patent No. 2425476, published August 10, 2011. Bull. No. 22. IPC АВВ 23/6, А01В 15/16)

A disadvantage of the known technical solution is that seed grass is formed on sloping lands where it is necessary to reduce erosion processes and for this purpose crops with a strong root system are sown. In addition, legumes are not balanced by the sugar-protein ratio, for which cereals or other cultures are introduced into the diet of animals in a mixture.

The technical result is the expansion of fodder crops with an increase in yield and quality indicators

The technical solution of the claimed object lies in the fact that, unlike the legume component of the third year of life, which is well-known in the aisles, amaranth seeds are sown, which are coated with a mixture of amaranth flour saturated with 0.2% Nikfan biological product in a ratio of 1: 2: 1.

The method is as follows:

In the fodder crop rotation, meadow clover is sown under the cover of oats, the mass of which is mowed twice: in the phase of oats bumping and when clover regrowth in the budding phase. The following year, the first mowing is mowed for green fodder, and after harvesting the green mass from a continuous sowing of clover, they form a wide-row crop to obtain seeds. At the end of the second year, the row-spacings are loosened and sowing is left for the third year, sowing amaranth into the treated row-spacings, the seeds of which are coated with amaranth flour mixed with an aqueous solution of the Nikfan biological product in a concentration of 0.2%.

The preserved meadow clover plants and the root residues of plants that have fallen from the stand enrich the amaranth culture with biological nitrogen, ensuring plant growth in the initial period of growth.

Biological product Nikfan enhances root formation and photosynthesis, resistance to diseases, improves symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Due to the active activity of plants, their accumulating activity increases. The main active components of the drug are producer metabolism products: amino acids, enzymes, growth substances, including phytohormones (cytokinins, auxins, as well as components containing humic substances and substances that ensure the stability of the properties of the drug in warranty period). The observed biological effects of the biological product are achieved by improving the nutrition of the vegetative organs, stimulating photosynthesis, regulating the work of plant own genes at the molecular level by the principle of hormonal signals in plants due to the penetration of the active parts of the drug using protein receptors through the cell membrane of the plant. The same effect is observed during the pre-sowing treatment of seeds of seeded amaranth, which increases the germination by 2-4 days above the control option. The drug Nikfan in a concentration of 0.2% aqueous solution reaches high efficiency, mixed with amaranth flour containing significantly more protein than in potato starch. A particularly high amount of amaranth flour contains calcium, iron, sodium, which contributes to the enrichment of seeds, protects them from disease. The complex of substances in amaranth flour: amino acids, macro- and microelements, vitamins provides favorable conditions for high survival of plants treated additionally with substances of the same composition as the seeds themselves. The drug Nikfan, which is part of the mixture of treated seeds, contributes not only to good germination, but also to the activation of the preserved nitrogen-fixing clover bacteria of the third year of life.

The rationale for the selected method parameters, in particular the dose of the biological product flour, is justified by the need for seed nutrition to activate the seed germination and germination energy, as well as to activate the nodule bacteria of the preserved clover plants.

Example. In early spring, clover was sown with a sowing rate of 12 kg / ha in a mixture with oats with a sowing rate of 80 kg / ha, in a continuous - narrow-row method. In late May, in the phase of oat bumping, the green mass was mowed to green feed. The growing clover reached a height of 45-50 cm at the end of August and was mowed for green fodder. The following year, in the third decade of May, green forage was received in the green mass in the clover budding phase. After harvesting it from a continuous sowing, a wide-row one was formed, with a row spacing of 45 cm, leaving a herbage for receiving seeds. In early August, clover seeds were harvested and row-spacings were loosened by a cultivator. In the next, third year of life in the spring, in the first decade of May, we processed and prepared row-spacings for sowing amaranth seeds. Before sowing, the amaranth seeding rate - 1 kg was mixed with a mixture of 2 kg of amaranth flour and one liter of an aqueous Nikfan biological product (at the rate of 20 mg per 1 liter of water). Amaranth was sown with a grass seeder. In the flowering phase of amaranth, the green mass of the entire plot was mowed for food. The results of the experiment are summarized in table:

The method allows to expand the assortment of forage crops at no particular additional cost and to obtain fodder of greater quantity and high quality while maintaining soil fertility for subsequent crops in the rotation

Claims (1)

A method of growing fodder crops, including sowing the bean component in a narrow-row method, forming wide-row spacing and stimulating seeds to be sown in them, characterized in that the clover is sown under the cover of oats in a continuous narrow-row way, the next year after harvesting clover, wide-row aisles are formed into green forage, into which in the third year of life, clover is seeded with amaranth seeds, enveloping them with a mixture of amaranth flour, saturated with 0.2% Nikfan biological product in a ratio of 1: 2: 1.