RU2665866C1 - Device for alarm signaling with servo drives of transmitting and receiving units - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: security facilities.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to security alarms and can be used, in particular, for detecting an intruder upon overcoming to it the detection zone created by the device. Device comprises installed on opposite sides of a security boundary transmitter and receiver of directed frequency radiation. First and second servo drives of the transmitting unit and the third and fourth servo drives of the receiving unit are configured to align the blocks in space, respectively, along the azimuth and the elevation angle. Signal processor is configured to control the first and second servo drives of the transmitting unit, control of the third and fourth servo drives of the receiving unit, threshold processing of the useful signal and decision-making on the violator crossing the guard line with the formation of an alarm signal or the generation of a fault signal.

EFFECT: technical result is the ability to align the transmitting and receiving units of the device in azimuth and elevation in automatic mode.

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Description

The invention relates to burglar alarms and can be used, in particular, for detecting an intruder upon the fact of overcoming the detection zone created by the device. To control the long lines of protection can be used on-off active devices with transmitters and receivers of directional radiation. Such devices may include two-position radio-beam and radio-wave devices for alarm.

Radio-beam and radio-wave devices and systems for alarming are well known that can be used to control security lines in open areas (patents RU No. 2079889, 2103743, 2109343, 2155382, 2292600, 2306612, 2455692, 2311658, 2348980, 2595979, 38412, etc. .).

When placing on-site radio-beam and radio-wave devices on the ground, before putting them into protection mode, it is necessary to perform mutual alignment of the receiving and transmitting units. Typically, adjustment is performed manually by two to three people and requires certain skills and labor.

Therefore, the disadvantages of sensors, devices and systems include the lack of the ability to align the transmitting and receiving units in automatic mode (without human intervention). The use of the automatic adjustment mode will significantly reduce the time of commissioning of devices with equipment, for example, extended security lines.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention is a device "Radar module and security detectors based on it", described in patent RU No. 2406154, IPC G08B 13/18, G01S 13/00, publ. in 2010, which was selected as a prototype. This device contains (see paragraph 6 of the claims) located on opposite sides of the guarded boundary transmitter and receiver of directional radio emission. The transmitter comprises a first (transmitting) microwave antenna with a transmitting radio modem connected to its first microwave input and comprising a microwave generator and a power amplifier. The receiver comprises a second (receiving) microwave antenna with a receiving radio modem connected to its first microwave input, which comprises a microwave amplitude detector, a low-frequency amplifier, and a filter connected in series. The output of the receiving radio modem is the alarm output. The transmitting radio modem implements the modulation, generation and amplification functions of the sounding signal. The receiving radio modem implements the functions of reception (amplitude detection), amplification, filtering and threshold processing of the distinctive features of the useful signal with the formation of an alarm signal at its output. When an intruder moves through a guarded line, the receiving radio modem carries out threshold processing of the distinctive features of the useful signal and the device makes a decision about the intruder crossing the guarded line with the formation of an alarm.

Common essential features with the claimed solution are: a transmitter and a receiver of directional radiation located on opposite sides of the guard line, forming a detection zone along the guard line; said transmitter on the transmitting side of the guard line, comprising a pulse generator, a power amplifier, the output of which is connected to the first input of the first (transmitting) microwave antenna (transmitting unit), which forms the first radiation pattern; said receiver at the receiving side of the guard line comprising a second (receiving) microwave antenna (receiving block) forming a second radiation pattern, a first input of a second (receiving) microwave antenna (receiving block) through a series-connected amplitude detector and low-frequency amplifier connected to filter input.

The disadvantage of this device is the lack of alignment of the transmitting and receiving units in automatic mode (without human intervention).

The aim of the present invention is to enable alignment of the transmitting and receiving units in azimuth and elevation in automatic mode (without human intervention).

To achieve this goal, new significant features, functional elements and communications have been introduced into the well-known technical solution, which make it possible to adjust the transmitting and receiving units in azimuth and elevation in automatic mode using servos.

This goal is achieved in the proposed device for alarm with servos of the transmitting and receiving units, comprising a transmitter and a receiver of directional radiation located on opposite sides of the guard line, forming a detection zone along the guard line; said transmitter on the transmitting side of the guard line comprises serially connected pulse generator and power amplifier, the output of which is connected to the input of the transmitting unit forming the first radiation pattern; said receiver at the receiving side of the security line contains a receiving unit forming a second radiation pattern, the output of the receiving unit through an amplitude detector is connected to the first input of a low-frequency amplifier, the output of which is connected to the filter input, the first and second servos are introduced into the transmitter on the transmitting side of the security line, each of which is mechanically connected to the transmitting unit, as well as the first switch, the first input / output of which is connected to the input / output of the first servo drive, and its second input / output is connected to the input / output of the second servo; the third and fourth servos, each of which is mechanically connected to the receiver, a second switch and a signal processor, the first input / output of the second switch is connected to the input / output of the third servo, and its second input / output is connected to the receiver on the receiving side of the guard line the input / output of the fourth servo, the filter output is connected to the input of the signal processor, the first output of the signal processor is connected to the second input of the low-frequency amplifier, the first input / output of the signal processor is connected chen first line interface means to the third input / output of the first switch, the second input / output signal processor connected by a second line interface to the third input / output of the second switch, the second output of the signal processor is output and the fault alarm. The first and second servos of the transmitting unit are configured to align it in space, respectively, in azimuth and elevation. The third and fourth servos of the receiving unit are configured to align it in space, respectively, in azimuth and elevation. The signal processor is capable of controlling the first and second servos of the transmitting unit, controlling the third and fourth servos of the receiving unit, threshold processing of the useful signal and deciding whether the intruder crosses the guard line to generate an alarm or generate a malfunction signal.

The invention is illustrated in FIG. 1, 2, which depict the following.

In FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of the proposed device, where the notation is entered: pulse generator - 1, power amplifier - 2, transmitting unit - 3, receiving unit - 4, amplitude detector - 5, low-frequency amplifier - 6, filter - 7, first servo drive - 8 , the second servo drive is 9, the first switch is 10, the third servo is 11, the fourth servo is 12, the second switch is 13, the signal processor is 14, the first interface line is 15, the second interface line is 16. In FIG. 1 also shows: the first radiation pattern is 17 of the transmitting unit, the second radiation pattern is 18 of the receiving unit, the person who is the intruder (target) is 19, crossing the guard line in the direction indicated by the dot-and-dot arrow. Arrows made with solid lines in the detection zone show the direction of the radiation of the probing signal along the guard line.

In FIG. 2 shows an example of a general algorithm for the operation of the signal processor 14.

The proposed device (Fig. 1) works as follows.

This device with servomotors of the transmitting and receiving units is on-off and contains a transmitter and a directional radiation receiver located on opposite sides of the guard line, forming a detection zone along the guard line. The transmitter consists of a pulse generator 1, a power amplifier 2, a transmitting unit 3, the first 8 and second 9 servos and the first switch 10. The receiver consists of a receiving unit 4, an amplitude detector 5, a low-frequency amplifier 6, a filter 7, a third 11 and a fourth 12 servos, the second switch 13 and the signal processor 14. Each of blocks 3 and 4 generates radiation patterns oriented in space along the guard line towards each other. In the transmitter, the pulse generator 1 generates a probe signal, which is connected to the power amplifier 2. The power amplifier amplifies the probe signal before it enters the input of the transmitting unit 3, which radiates this probe signal in the direction of the first radiation pattern 17. On the receiving side, the receiving unit 4 in the direction of the second radiation pattern 18 receives this sounding signal, which is fed to the amplitude detector 5, where it is converted into a low-frequency (LF) signal. Further, this low-frequency signal passes through a low-frequency amplifier 6, filter 7, and enters the input of signal processor 14. In the absence of violations of the human security threshold, the amplitude modulation will be absent in the low-frequency signal. During the movement of the person-intruder across the border of protection in the low-frequency signal, a variable component (amplitude modulation) will appear. For example, the principle of the formation of a variable component (envelope) of the LF signal in a two-position radio-beam (radio wave) detection tool when a person who violates 19 Fresnel zones crosses the guard line in the detection zone is known. A typical form of changing the amplitude of the received low-frequency signal when the intruder moves (signal modulation) is described, for example, in the work of Magauenov R.G. Burglar alarm systems: the basics of theory and construction principles. " Tutorial. - M., Hot line - Telecom, 2004. - Ch. 3, p. 3.2, p. 134-138. An explanation of the principle of formation of a variable component (envelope) of the signal due to Fresnel zones is given, for example, in another source of information - patent RU No. 2455692, on p. 4, 5. Thus, the low-frequency signal supplied to the input of the signal processor 14 carries information about the intersection by a person who violates the border of protection. The operation of the signal processor 14 is carried out at the software level using constants, a database and control programs located in the internal memory of the signal processor. An example of a general algorithm for operating the signal processor 14 is shown in FIG. 2. The algorithm is based on the successive repetition in time of three steps (steps) of the operation of the device, marked in FIG. 2 symbols: step 1 ... step 3. The operation of the signal processor 14 after installing the device at the turn of the guard and its first inclusion (step 1) begins with the automatic process of mutual adjustment of the transmitting 3 and receiving 4 units using the corresponding first 8, second 9, third 11 and the fourth 12 servos. Servos (see Fig. 1) are mechanically attached to the indicated blocks. Each of the servos provides alignment in azimuth or elevation. The alignment process is performed under the control of the signal processor 14 without human intervention. The final goal of the adjustment is to obtain the optimal signal level at the receiving side. Commands for aligning the transmitting unit 3 in azimuth using the first servo drive 8 are received from the signal processor 14 along the first line of the interface 15 through the first switch 10. Accordingly, commands for aligning the transmitting unit 3 in elevation using the second servo drive 9 are also received from the signal processor 14 along the first line of the interface 15 through the first switch 10. Similarly, the alignment of the receiving unit 4 in azimuth and elevation is carried out, respectively, according to the commands from the signal processor 14, received on the second line and interface 16 through the second switch 13.

Consider an algorithm for the automatic mutual alignment of transmitting 3 and receiving 4 blocks having narrow radiation patterns (not more than 10 °) vertically and horizontally. In the current layout of the proposed device, the automatic adjustment was carried out in the range of ± 10 ° in elevation and ± 47 ° in azimuth from the vertical and horizontal normals. Before the process of automatic adjustment, the transmitting 3 and receiving 4 blocks were oriented to each other in the direction of the center line of the detection zone.

Auto Alignment Algorithm

1. Set the receiving unit 4 to the far left lower position, and the transmitting unit 3 to the far left upper position.

2. To the first servo drive 8 through the first switch 10, give a command to align the transmitting unit 3 in azimuth to the opposite horizontal state.

3. While the transmitting unit 3 is moving in azimuth, with a frequency of at least 10 Hz, measure and record the signal level value.

4. When the transmitting unit 3 reaches its extreme position, align the receiving unit 4 in azimuth by sending the appropriate command to the third servo drive 11 through the second switch 13 for 2 seconds (approximately 3-5 °). If the found maximum signal at this step is larger than the previous one, then replace it and fix the slopes of the transmitting 3 and receiving 4 blocks in elevation.

5. Repeat paragraphs 2-4 until the receiving unit reaches the extreme position in azimuth.

6. Change the position of the transmitting 3 and receiving 4 blocks in elevation by approximately 2 °: of the receiving unit - down, of the transmitting unit - up. Repeat paragraphs 2-6 to one of the possible cases 6.1 or 6.2.

6.1. Completed the entire range of elevation:

- without finding a signal (at a signal level of less than 6%, give the message "Failure");

- when a signal is found, set the transmitting 3 and receiving 4 blocks to the saved angle (see paragraphs 2-5) according to the elevation angle and go to step 7.

6.2. If during the current azimuth adjustment the signal level is 10% less than the last recorded one, then set the transmitting 3 and receiving 4 blocks to the saved angle in elevation and go to step 7, setting both blocks to the leftmost position in azimuth.

7. To the first servo drive 8 through the first switch 10, give a command to align the transmitting unit 3 in azimuth to the opposite horizontal state.

8. During the alignment of the transmitting unit 3 in azimuth, with a frequency of at least 10 Hz, measure and fix the signal level value.

9. When the transmitting unit 3 reaches its extreme position, align the receiving unit 4 in azimuth by sending the appropriate command to the third servo drive 11 through the second switch 13 for 2 seconds (approximately 3-5 °). If the found maximum signal at this step is larger than the previous one, then replace it and fix the slopes of the transmitting 3 and receiving 4 blocks in elevation.

10. Successively changing the position of the receiving unit 4 in azimuth, determine the maximum signal and save the antenna deflection angle.

11. Record in the memory of the signal processor 14 the stored values of the direction angles in the space of the transmitting 3 and receiving 4 blocks.

Notes

After completing the adjustment process at subsequent shutdowns and power-ups of the device in the future, automatic adjustment at the first stage (step 1) can be skipped (see Fig. 2).

In the process of automatic adjustment, the signal processor 14 automatically adjusts the gain in the receiving path of the device by acting on the low-frequency amplifier 6 at its second input. Such a correction is necessary, for example, with an excessively large signal level, leading to saturation of the receiving path. Reducing the gain allows you to exit the saturation mode and switch to the optimal mode in accordance with the dynamic range of the device. Thus, after performing the automatic adjustment, the necessary optimal level of the received signal is ensured. If, nevertheless, the signal level is insufficient (too small), then in this case the signal processor 14 will issue a fault signal at its second output, for example, in the form of a constant voltage level, indicating the impossibility of further operation of the device.

During operation of the device, automatic adjustment of the positions of the transmitting and receiving units by elevation is also carried out. In cases, for example, of seasonal shrinkage of the soil and, as a result, deviations of the blocks from the position fixed in the corner of the position, the signal level can change. In operation, the signal processor 14 continuously monitors the indicated angles of deviation of the blocks from the position recorded during the automatic alignment. When they deviate to a critical position, subsequent correction is carried out by repeated automatic adjustment (see Fig. 2).

The next step in the generalized algorithm of the signal processor (step 2) is the threshold processing of the useful low-frequency signal. At this stage, the negative signal peaks are compared with a negative threshold level, and the positive signal peaks are compared with a positive threshold level. Exceeding threshold levels by a signal indicates the presence of a moving intruder in the detection zone within the boundaries of the first Fresnel zone. The successive exceeding in time of all threshold levels (fulfillment of the decision rule) indicates the passage of the intruder through the detection zone with the intersection of its center line, which is a violation of the guarded line. Next (step 3), an alarm is generated at the second output of the signal processor 14 in the form, for example, of a voltage pulse of a certain duration. At the same output, a fault signal can be generated, for example, in the form of a constant voltage level.

As an example of the implementation of the signal processor 14 of the device, an Atmel microprocessor A Txmega 256A3 can be used. As an implementation of servos 8, 9 and 11, 12, for example, serial servos from Corona, Futaba and Kin-co can be used.

The ability to adjust the transmitting and receiving units of the device in azimuth and elevation in automatic mode (without human intervention) can be widely used, for example, when organizing security lines using the proposed device in rapidly deployed (mobile) security systems.

The current laboratory model of the device was subjected to year-round testing for one year. The stable performance of the existing laboratory model for detecting the intruder after the automatic process of mutual adjustment of the transmitting and receiving units was confirmed.

Claims (4)

1. A device for alarming with servos of the transmitting and receiving units, comprising a transmitter and a receiver of directional radiation located on opposite sides of the guard line, forming a detection zone along the guard line; said transmitter on the transmitting side of the guard includes a pulse generator and a power amplifier connected in series, the output of which is connected to the input of the transmitting unit forming the first radiation pattern; said receiver at the receiving side of the security line contains a receiving unit forming a second radiation pattern, the output of the receiving unit through an amplitude detector is connected to the first input of the low-frequency amplifier, the output of which is connected to the filter input, characterized in that the first one is introduced into the transmitter on the transmitting side of the security line and a second servo drives, each of which is mechanically connected to the transmitting unit, as well as a first switch, the first input / output of which is connected to the input / output of the first servo, and its Torah input / output connected to the input / output of the second servomotor; the third and fourth servos, each of which is mechanically connected to the receiver, a second switch and a signal processor, the first input / output of the second switch is connected to the input / output of the third servo, and its second input / output is connected to the receiver on the receiving side of the guard line the input / output of the fourth servo, the output of the filter is connected to the input of the signal processor, the first output of the signal processor is connected to the second input of the low-frequency amplifier, the first input / output of the signal processor is connected through the first line of the interface to the third input / output of the first switch, the second input / output of the signal processor is connected via the second line of the interface to the third input / output of the second switch, the second output of the signal processor is the output of alarms and malfunctions. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the first and second servos of the transmitting unit are configured to align it in space, respectively, in azimuth and elevation. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the third and fourth servos of the receiving unit are configured to align it in space, respectively, in azimuth and elevation. 4. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the signal processor is configured to control the first and second servos of the transmitting unit, control the third and fourth servos of the receiving unit, threshold processing of the useful signal and deciding whether the intruder crosses the guard line with an alarm or generating a fault signal.

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