RU2661372C1 - Multitiered microwave plant for wet raw material heat treatment in continuous mode - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture and can be used for processing of non-food wastes of animal origin with the aim of obtaining a protein fodder additive. Multitiered microwave plant for the continuous heat treatment of wet raw materials contains cylindrical shielding casings installed on a mounting table. Cylindrical perforated resonators with different diameters are coaxially installed inside the casings. Bases of the resonators are made in the form of grinding discs with different diameters fixed on a vertically located shaft which rotates from the electric motor installed under the mounting table. Round surface of the table serves as the lower base of the cylindrical resonator of the lower tier, and above it is a mixing mechanism fixed to the shaft. Diameters of the grinding discs are larger than the diameters of the resonators of the corresponding higher tiers. Superfine-frequency generators are installed from the lateral surface of each shielding casing, the emitters of which are directed to perforated cylindrical resonators through dielectric inserts. On the upper base of the cylindrical shielding casing of the first stage there is a grinding mechanism with a discharge auger and a loading container.

EFFECT: use of invention improves quality of resulting product.

1 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture and can be used for processing non-food waste of animal origin in order to obtain protein feed additives.

About 1 million tons of secondary resources are formed annually in the meat industry of Russia, of which about 20% is processed in industrial conditions. For example, in poultry processing, the total amount of non-food waste reaches 23.7 ... 28.3% of the live weight of poultry, including technical waste is 11.9 ... 14.3%.

This includes blood, esophagus, goiter, intestines, glandular stomachs, trachea, spleen, ovaries, oviducts, testes, cuticles, etc. These waste products from the meat industry serve as valuable raw materials for obtaining feed,

There are various options for processing waste for use in meat processing plants with a capacity of 3 to 30 tons of meat per shift. Vacuum boilers are known where they process soft raw materials, blood. Their design allows batch cooking and sterilization [1, p. 328].

There is a method of processing waste slaughter poultry, in which the waste is pre-dehydrated to a moisture content of 60 ... 65%. Then they are loaded into the hydrolyzer, where enzymes are added to them and low-temperature hydrolysis is carried out at a temperature of 45 ... 55 ° C for 40 ... 50 minutes.

After that, the waste is ground and fed into the mixer, where it is mixed with filler (for example, bran) in a ratio of 1: 3 and extruded. Then it is cooled and transported to a warehouse for storage or for sale [2]. The disadvantage of this method when processing waste poultry slaughter is to obtain low-quality flour. So, to implement the processing method, the collected waste is dehydrated, crushed, mixed with filler, extruded. All these technological processes are carried out in separate installations, so the energy costs are quite high.

In modern conditions, it is necessary to introduce resource-saving technologies for processing non-food wastes of slaughter of animals and birds, taking into account the production capacity of meat processing plants. When choosing this or that technology, it is necessary to take into account the morphological and chemical composition of this raw material, depending on the type of processed non-food waste of animal origin, the availability of technical equipment and the possibility of using and selling the products obtained.

Designed installations should provide for a combination of dehydration, grinding and heat treatment of non-food waste in one installation. In the future, such a combination of processes will ensure the widespread introduction of a plant for processing non-food waste of animal origin, increasing the volume and range of products.

The technical result of the invention is the improvement of the installation for heat treatment of non-food waste of slaughter of birds and animals at reduced energy consumption and improving the quality of the product.

The invention consists in

that a multi-tiered microwave installation for continuous heat treatment of wet raw materials contains belt-mounted cylindrical shielding cases on the mounting table, inside of which coaxially mounted perforated cylindrical resonators with different diameters, the bases of which are made in the form of grating disks with different diameters, mounted on a vertically located shaft, rotating from an electric motor mounted under the table,

moreover, its round surface serves as the lower base of the cylindrical resonator of the lower tier, and above the surface there is a mixing mechanism mounted on the shaft, while the lower bases of the resonators are grating disks whose diameters are larger than the diameters of the resonators of the corresponding higher tiers,

moreover, microwave generators are installed from the side surface of each shielding case, the emitters of which are directed into the perforated cylindrical resonators through dielectric inserts, while a grinding mechanism with a discharge screw and loading capacity is installed on the upper base of the cylindrical shielding case of the first tier.

In FIG. 1 shows a spatial image of a multi-tiered microwave installation for heat treatment of wet raw materials in a continuous mode: 1 - mounting table; 2 - shielding case-resonator of the lower tier; 3 - mixing mechanism; 4 - dielectric shaft; 5 - shielding housing of the second tier; 6, 10 - perforated cylindrical resonators of the corresponding tiers; 7, 14 - microwave generators of the corresponding tiers; 8 - rotating perforated disk; 9 - shielding housing of the first tier; 10 - cylindrical perforated resonator of the first tier; 11 - a rotating disk in the form of a grater; 12 - emitter from a microwave generator of the first tier; 13 - chopper with discharge screw and loading capacity; 15 - discharge pipe; 16 - electric motor drive drives 8, 11 and the mixing mechanism 3.

In FIG. 2 shows a spatial image of the first tier of the microwave installation with the chopper assembly (front view): 9 - shielding case of the first tier; 10 - perforated cylindrical resonator; 12 - microwave generator with emitter; 13 - chopper with discharge screw and loading capacity.

In FIG. 3 shows a spatial image of the first tier of the microwave installation with the chopper assembly (bottom view): 9 - shielding case of the first tier; 10 - perforated cylindrical resonator; 12 - microwave generator with emitter; 13 - chopper with discharge screw and loading capacity.

In FIG. 4 shows a spatial image of the nodes of the second tier:

5 - shielding case; 6 - perforated cylindrical resonator;

7 - microwave generator.

In FIG. 5 shows a spatial image of the elements of the lower tier: 2 - shielding housing-resonator; 14 - microwave generator.

In FIG. 6 shows a spatial image of a rotating disk in the form of a grater.

In FIG. 7 shows a spatial image of the mounting table (the round surface is the base of the cylindrical resonator of the lower tier): 1 - table; 15 - discharge pipe.

Multi-level microwave installation (Fig. 1) for heat treatment of wet raw materials in a continuous mode contains: mounting table 1; shielding housing-resonator 2 of the lower tier; mixing mechanism 3; dielectric shaft 4; shielding case of the second tier 5; perforated cylindrical resonators of the corresponding tiers 6, 10; Microwave generators 7, 14 of the corresponding tiers; rotating grater discs 8, 11 of the corresponding tiered resonators (Fig. 6); shielding case of the first tier 9; a cylindrical perforated resonator of the first tier 10; a radiator from a microwave generator of the first tier 12; a grinder with a discharge screw 13 and a loading tank; discharge pipe 15 electric motor 16 drives 8, 11 and the mixing mechanism 3.

The installation is assembled (Fig. 1) from individual blocks located in tiers. Each block consists of a cylindrical shielding housing, inside of which a cylindrical perforated resonator is coaxially located, the basis of which is a grater disk mounted on a dielectric shaft 4.

The lower block (Fig. 5) is mounted on the mounting table 1, the round surface of which is the lower base of the shielding resonator body 2 of the lower tier, and the upper base is the grater disk 8. At the same time, this disk 8 is the lower base of the upstream cylindrical perforated resonator 6 (Fig. . four). The diameter of the disk 8 is larger than the diameter of the resonator 6, but smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical shielding housing 5.

Similarly, all elements are located in other blocks, located in tiers. The upper base of the perforated resonator 6 is a grinding disk 11, the diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the perforated resonator 10. The grinding disks 8, 11 are mounted on a dielectric shaft 4, which rotates from the electric motor 16. The shaft 4 is laid coaxially in the half-spaced perforated cylindrical resonators 2, 6, 10 . On the sides of the cylindrical shielding housings 2, 5, 9, microwave generators 7, 12, 14 are installed, the emitters of which are directed inside the corresponding perforated cylindrical resonators 2, 6, 10, through dielectric inserts. Each insert is laid through the thickness of the shielding housing, the gap between the housing and the resonator, and the thickness of the resonator.

The upper base of the perforated cylindrical resonator 10 of the upper tier is the base of the shielding housing 9, where the chopper is installed with a discharge screw 13 and a loading tank. (Fig. 2, 3).

The power of microwave generators and the number of tiered blocks affect the performance of the installation.

The technological process of heat treatment of wet animal feed in continuous mode is as follows.

Turn on the electric motor 16 to rotate the grater disks 3, 8, 11 of different diameters. Then turn on the electric motor of the grinder, which from the loading tank 13 delivers the crushed raw materials to the first cylindrical perforated resonator 10, where moisture seeps through the holes of the perforation of the resonator during rotation of the grinding disk 11 due to centrifugal force. This moisture seeps out of the annular space formed between the shielding body 9 and the resonator 10 through the periphery of the grating disc 11 into the resonator 6. At the same time, the microwave generator 12 of the first tier should be turned on. The raw materials are crushed using a grater disk 11, exposed to an electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency, the raw material particles are heated and pass through the grater disk 11 into a perforated cylindrical resonator 6 of the second tier, after which the microwave generator 7 should be turned on. Here the temperature of the raw material particles is further increased, excess moisture seeps through the perforated side surface of the resonator 6, seeps into the resonator of the lower tier. There can be several such tiers. In the resonator 2 of the last tier (shielding the cavity-resonator 2), the boiled particles are discharged by means of a mixing mechanism through the discharge pipe 15. Such a redistribution of moisture across the resonators of different tiers equalizes the structure of the solid fraction of the raw material, which sharply increases the quality of the welded products, i.e. feed value of the product.

So, in this installation, the collected waste is pre-crushed using a spinning top; endogenously heated in an electromagnetic field of ultra-high frequency during dehydration and additional grinding due to the rotation of the grater discs; mixed with the liquid fraction flowing from the upstream resonator; discharged through a transcendental waveguide in the form of wet flour. The introduction of such a plant will simplify the processing of poultry and animal slaughter waste, reduce energy costs and improve the quality of the final product.

Information sources

1. Ivashov V.I. Technological equipment of meat industry enterprises / V.I. Ivashov - M .: Kolos, 2001 .-- 552 p.

2. http://www.findpatent.ru/patent/244/2448471.html

Claims (1)

A multi-tiered microwave installation for continuous heat treatment of wet raw materials, comprising half-barreled cylindrical shielding cases mounted on a mounting table, inside of which coaxially mounted perforated cylindrical resonators with different diameters, the bases of which are made in the form of grating disks with different diameters, mounted on a vertically located shaft rotating from an electric motor mounted under the mounting table, and its round surface serves as the lower base a cylindrical resonator of the lower tier, and above the surface there is a mixing mechanism mounted on the shaft, while the diameters of the grinding disks are larger than the diameters of the resonators of the corresponding higher tiers, microwave generators are installed from the side surface of each shielding housing, the emitters of which are directed into the perforated cylindrical resonators through dielectric inserts, on the upper base of the cylindrical shielding case of the first tier is installed grinding discharge screw mechanism and the loading capacity.

Images